CN113804399A - Collecting space area ponding analogue simulation test device - Google Patents
Collecting space area ponding analogue simulation test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113804399A CN113804399A CN202111193349.8A CN202111193349A CN113804399A CN 113804399 A CN113804399 A CN 113804399A CN 202111193349 A CN202111193349 A CN 202111193349A CN 113804399 A CN113804399 A CN 113804399A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a goaf accumulated water similar simulation test device which comprises an outer frame mechanism, a tamping mechanism, a spreading mechanism, a mining surface simulation mechanism and a water injection mechanism, wherein the two sides of the front surface and the two sides of the back surface of the outer frame mechanism are respectively provided with a pressing and sealing mechanism, the front surface and the back surface of the outer frame mechanism are respectively fixed with an organic glass plate in a sealing way through the pressing and sealing mechanisms, a rock stratum simulation material is arranged in the outer frame mechanism, the mining surface simulation mechanism and the water injection mechanism are both pre-embedded in the rock stratum simulation material, and the tamping mechanism is fixed at the top of the outer frame mechanism. According to the invention, by arranging the tamping mechanism, the rock stratum simulation material can be compacted by utilizing the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, and the tamping degree can be controlled by controlling the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the tamping degree can be controlled; by arranging the spreading mechanism, mica powder can be uniformly spread on the rock stratum simulation material, and the thickness of the mica powder among the simulation rock stratums is ensured to be consistent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of goaf accumulated water analog simulation tests. In particular to a goaf accumulated water analog simulation test device.
Background
Large-scale goafs are left after coal mining to form bad foundations, the goafs are in a relatively stable state within a short time after underground mining is stopped, and under the action of accumulated water, a overburden area is activated, uneven settlement occurs, and certain harm is brought to surface buildings and the like above the goafs; the method is characterized in that a certain model simulation test needs to be carried out on the movement and deformation, stress, cracks, plastic areas and mining triangle area change rules after the overburden rock is activated, mica powder needs to be spread among simulated overburden rock layers to simulate the bedding of the overburden rock when the model test is utilized, and the problem of uneven spreading exists when the mica powder is spread manually, so that test data are influenced to a certain extent; the rock stratum simulation materials need to be tamped, contact surfaces among actual rock strata have various forms, and the real rock stratum forms are difficult to simulate by manual tamping.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a goaf water accumulation similarity simulation test device which can uniformly spread mica powder and improve the rock stratum form simulation effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a collecting space area ponding analog simulation test device, includes frame mechanism, tamp mechanism, spreads and spills mechanism, mining face analog simulation mechanism and water injection mechanism, the front both sides and the back both sides of frame mechanism all are provided with the gland seal mechanism, the front and the back of frame mechanism are respectively through the sealed fixed organic glass board of gland seal mechanism, be provided with the stratum analog material in the frame mechanism, it constructs with the water injection mechanism is all pre-buried to open the mining face analog simulation mechanism in the stratum analog material, tamp the mechanism and fix the top of frame mechanism, spread and spill the mechanism setting and be in just be located in the frame mechanism spread and spill the below of mechanism.
The goaf accumulated water similar simulation test device comprises an outer frame mechanism, a plurality of vertical side plates, a cross beam and a bracket, wherein the vertical side plates are fixedly connected to two sides of the base; the tamping mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the cross beam, and the spreading mechanism is lapped on the bracket.
According to the goaf accumulated water analog simulation test device, the inner baffle and the outer baffle are fixedly connected to the two sides of the opposite surfaces of the two side vertical plates; the compressing and sealing mechanism comprises a first screw rod, a first nut, a fixed plate and a sealing gasket, the first nut is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the outer baffle plate, the first screw rod is in threaded connection with the first nut, the first end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected with the outer side wall of the fixed plate, one end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a guide block, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the side vertical plate, the guide block is in sliding connection with the sliding groove, the sealing gasket is attached to the inner side wall of the outer baffle plate and the inner side wall of the base, a protruding sealing barrel is arranged on the side wall of the sealing gasket, the sealing barrel is sleeved on the surface of the first screw rod, the first end of the sealing barrel is in sealing attachment with the inner side wall of the fixed plate, and the second end of the sealing barrel is in sealing connection with the side wall of the sealing gasket; the outer side wall of the organic glass plate is attached to the sealing gasket, and the outer side wall of the fixing plate is tightly pressed on the inner side wall of the organic glass plate; a supporting plate is propped against the inner side wall of the fixed plate, two sides of the supporting plate are respectively lapped with the outer side walls of the inner baffles on the side walls of the two side vertical plates, and the bottom of the supporting plate is lapped on the bottom of the inner wall of the base; the formation-simulating material is disposed between the two support plates.
The goaf accumulated water similar simulation test device comprises a support guide rail, a sliding block, a supporting plate, a hydraulic cylinder and a vibration component, wherein the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two ends of the supporting plate, the sliding block is slidably connected to the support guide rail, the hydraulic cylinder is vertically and fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate, a lead screw is arranged on one side of the support guide rail, lead screw supports are arranged on polished rod parts at the two ends of the lead screw, the lead screw supports are fixedly connected with the side wall of the support guide rail, a second nut is connected to the surface of the lead screw in a threaded manner, one side of the second nut is fixedly connected with the side wall of the sliding block, a first motor is connected to one end of the lead screw in a transmission manner, and the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the vibration component; and fixing bolts are arranged at two ends of the supporting guide rail, and the supporting guide rail is fixedly connected with the top of the outer frame mechanism through the fixing bolts.
The goaf accumulated water similar simulation test device comprises a shell, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, a supporting sleeve and a telescopic rod, wherein the crankshaft is arranged in the shell, bearings are sleeved at the two ends of the crankshaft, the two ends of the crankshaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the two sides of the inner wall of the shell through the bearings, the first end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a driving section of the crankshaft, the supporting sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, the telescopic rod is slidably connected in the supporting sleeve, the first end of the telescopic rod is hinged with the second end of the connecting rod, a threaded hole is coaxially formed in the second end of the telescopic rod, a threaded rod is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, a vibrating plate is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod, a nut is in threaded connection with the threaded rod, and one end of the nut is tightly pressed on the second end of the telescopic rod, the top of the shell is fixedly connected with a second motor, gears are fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor and the middle of the crankshaft, and the two gears are meshed with each other; and the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the shell.
The goaf ponding similar simulation test device comprises a grid plate, a hopper and a bottom plate, wherein guide rods are fixedly connected to two sides of the grid plate through support frames, sliding sleeves are connected to the upper portions of the guide rods in a sliding mode, two ends of the hopper are fixedly connected with the two sliding sleeves respectively, a gate plate is arranged at a discharge port of the hopper, a vibrator is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hopper, a scraping plate is fixedly connected to one side of the hopper, the bottom of the scraping plate is close to the top of the grid plate, a receiving hopper is fixedly connected to one end of the grid plate, clamping blocks are fixedly connected to two sides of the bottom of the grid plate, a bottom plate is connected to the clamping blocks in a sliding mode, and the top of the bottom plate is in lap joint with the bottom of the grid plate; the bottoms of the support frames on the two sides of the spreading mechanism are lapped in the outer frame mechanism.
Above-mentioned collecting space area ponding simulation test device, mining face analog mechanism includes upper plate, hypoplastron and lifting unit, lifting unit's one end with the top of hypoplastron is connected, lifting unit's the other end with the bottom of upper plate is connected, equal fixedly connected with overhead gage all around the bottom of upper plate, the relative lateral wall fixed connection of two adjacent overhead gages, baffle under the equal fixedly connected with in top of hypoplastron all around, the relative lateral wall fixed connection of baffle under two adjacent, the lateral wall of baffle down with the lateral wall overlap joint of overhead gage.
The goaf ponding similar simulation test device comprises a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod, wherein the middle of the first supporting rod is hinged to the middle of the second supporting rod, the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod which are hinged to each other are arranged on two sides of the bottom of an upper plate, the first end of the first supporting rod is hinged to the top of the lower plate, the second end of the first supporting rod is connected with the bottom of the upper plate in a sliding mode, the first end of the second supporting rod is connected with the top of the lower plate in a sliding mode, the second end of the second supporting rod is hinged to the bottom of the upper plate, a second screw rod is connected to the side wall of the lower baffle in a threaded mode, and the end portion of the second screw rod abuts against the first end of the second supporting rod.
Above-mentioned collecting space area ponding analog simulation test device, water injection mechanism includes inner tube, outer tube and outsourcing fibrous layer, the inner tube is worn in the outer tube, just the both ends of outer tube with the lateral wall sealing connection of inner tube, outsourcing fibrous layer parcel is in on the outer tube, the inner tube with the hole of permeating water has all been seted up on the pipe wall of outer tube, the hole quantity of permeating water on the outer tube pipe wall is greater than the hole quantity of permeating water on the inner tube pipe wall, outsourcing fibrous layer covers the hole of permeating water on the outer tube pipe wall.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the tamping mechanism, the rock stratum simulation material can be compacted by utilizing the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, and the tamping degree can be controlled by controlling the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the tamping degree can be controlled; the hydraulic cylinder is driven to move by arranging the first motor, the screw rod and the second nut, and different fluctuation states of the rock stratum simulation material are pressed out in the front view direction by controlling the pressing degrees of the hydraulic cylinder at different positions; by arranging the vibrating component, on one hand, the tamping degree can be improved, and on the other hand, after the extension length of the vibrating plate is adjusted, the plurality of vibrating plates are matched with each other after being adjusted, so that the rock stratum simulation material is pressed out of different fluctuation states in the side view direction; the hydraulic cylinder and the vibrating plates are matched with each other, so that various different three-dimensional forms can be molded on the surface of the rock stratum simulation material, and the actual rock stratum form can be better simulated.
2. According to the invention, by arranging the spreading mechanism, the mica powder can be uniformly spread on the rock stratum simulation material, so that the thickness of the mica powder among the simulation rock stratums is ensured to be consistent, and the purpose of reducing experimental errors is achieved; through setting up the scraping plate, can scrape away unnecessary mica powder through the scraper blade after adding mica powder in to the grid plate, guarantee that the downthehole mica powder volume of each net is the same, further guarantee to spread the homogeneity that spills.
3. According to the invention, the mining face simulation mechanism is arranged, so that the mining face simulation mechanism can be embedded in the rock stratum simulation material to simulate the mining strip face, and when the model is built, the friction force between the upper plate and the lower plate and the simulation material is reduced by lowering the lifting assembly, so that the simulation mechanism is convenient to pull out; meanwhile, after the upper plate descends, the top of the upper plate is not in contact with the inner wall of the simulated mining strip face belt, and when the upper plate is drawn out, the inner wall of the mining strip face belt is prevented from being scratched by friction, so that the integrity of the inner wall of the simulated mining strip face belt is prevented from being influenced.
4. According to the invention, the water injection mechanism is arranged, so that the impact of water on the simulated rock stratum material during water injection is reduced to the greatest extent, the permeation effect is simulated, and the actual seeper permeation effect is more fit; when water flows out to the outer tube through the inner tube, because the hole of permeating water on the outer tube is more, water can be very fast outflow, and water can be comparatively even simultaneously to diffusion on every side, through setting up the outsourcing fibrous layer, the back is soaked to the outsourcing fibrous layer, and water can be through the more even diffusion all around of outsourcing fibrous layer to further reduce the impact force of water.
5. According to the invention, by arranging the compaction sealing mechanism, the first screw rod can be used for jacking the supporting plate when the rock stratum simulation material is tamped, so that tamping operation is convenient, and after tamping, the supporting plate can be quickly loosened and convenient to disassemble by loosening the first screw rod; the organic glass plate can be compressed by reversely rotating the first screw rod, so that sealing is realized, and the whole experimental device has higher internal pressure during experiment, the higher the pressure is, the higher the pressure applied to the organic glass plate is, the stronger the extrusion force to the sealing gasket is, and the better the sealing effect is; the organic glass plate can solve the problem of sealing and can meet the requirement of observation during testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an outer frame mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top sectional view of the compression seal mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the tamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side sectional structural schematic view of the tamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 4A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the spreading mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the spreading mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view cross-sectional view of a mining face simulation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top sectional view of the water injection mechanism of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-a base; 2-side vertical plates; 201-inner baffle; 202-outer baffle; 3-a cross beam; 4-a bracket; 5, pressing a sealing mechanism; 501-a first screw; 502-a fixed plate; 503-a first nut; 504-a chute; 505-a guide block; 506-a gasket; 507-sealing the cylinder; 6-a tamping mechanism; 601-a support rail; 602-a slide block; 603-a supporting plate; 604-hydraulic cylinder; 605-a first motor; 606-a screw mandrel; 607-screw rod support; 608-a second nut; 609-a tapping component; 610-a housing; 611-a crankshaft; 612-link; 613-supporting sleeve; 614-telescopic rod; 615-vibrating plate; 616-threaded rod; 617-a second motor; 618-gear; 7-spreading and sprinkling mechanism; 701-a support frame; 702-a grid plate; 703-a guide bar; 704-a hopper; 705-a vibrator; 706-a receiving hopper; 707-a shutter; 708-a scraper plate; 709-a backplane; 8-a mining face simulation mechanism; 801-upper plate; 802-lower plate; 803 — first support bar; 804-a second support bar; 805-a second screw; 806-upper baffle; 807-a lower baffle; 9-a water injection mechanism; 901-inner tube; 902-outer sleeve; 903-wrapping fiber layer; 904-water permeable holes; 10-a support plate; 11-organic glass plate.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the goaf accumulated water similar simulation test device comprises an outer frame mechanism, a tamping mechanism 6, a spreading mechanism 7, a mining surface simulation mechanism 8 and a water injection mechanism 9, wherein the two sides of the front surface and the two sides of the back surface of the outer frame mechanism are respectively provided with a pressing and sealing mechanism 5, the front surface and the back surface of the outer frame mechanism are respectively fixed with an organic glass plate 11 through the pressing and sealing mechanisms 5 in a sealing manner, a rock stratum simulation material is arranged in the outer frame mechanism, the mining surface simulation mechanism 8 and the water injection mechanism 9 are both pre-embedded in the rock stratum simulation material, the tamping mechanism 6 is fixed at the top of the outer frame mechanism, and the spreading mechanism 7 is arranged in the outer frame mechanism and is positioned below the spreading mechanism 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the outer frame mechanism includes a base 1, side vertical plates 2, a cross beam 3 and a bracket 4, the side vertical plates 2 are fixedly connected to both sides of the base 1, both ends of the cross beam 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two side vertical plates 2, the bracket 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross beam 3, and one end of the bracket 4 extends out of the outer frame mechanism; the tamping mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the cross beam 3, the spreading mechanism 7 is lapped on the bracket 4, and as shown in fig. 2, an inner baffle 201 and an outer baffle 202 are fixedly connected to two sides of the opposite surface of the two side vertical plates 2; the pressing and sealing mechanism 5 comprises a first screw 501, a first nut 503, a fixing plate 502 and a sealing gasket 506, the first nut 503 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the outer baffle 202, the outer side wall of the fixing plate 502 is in threaded connection with the first nut 503, the outer side wall of the fixing plate 502 is provided with a blind hole, an annular protrusion is arranged on the hole wall of the blind hole, the first end of the first screw 501 is provided with an annular groove matched with the annular protrusion, the annular protrusion is rotatably connected in the annular groove, the first end of the first screw 501 is rotatably connected with the outer side wall of the fixing plate 502, one end of the fixing plate 502 is fixedly connected with a guide block 505, the side wall of the side plate 2 is provided with a sliding groove 504, the guide block 505 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 504, and the sealing gasket 506 is attached to the inner side wall of the outer baffle 202 and the inner side wall of the base 1, a protruding sealing cylinder 507 is arranged on the side wall of the sealing gasket 506, the sealing cylinder 507 is sleeved on the surface of the first screw 501, the first end of the sealing cylinder 507 is in sealing fit with the inner side wall of the fixing plate 502, and the second end of the sealing cylinder 507 is in sealing connection with the side wall of the sealing gasket 506; the outer side wall of the organic glass plate 11 is attached to the sealing gasket 506, and the outer side wall of the fixing plate 502 is tightly pressed on the inner side wall of the organic glass plate 11; the inner side wall of the fixing plate 502 is abutted with a supporting plate 10, two sides of the supporting plate 10 are respectively overlapped with the outer side walls of the inner baffles 201 on the side walls of the two side vertical plates 2, the bottom of the supporting plate 10 is overlapped on the bottom of the inner wall of the base 1, by arranging the pressing and sealing mechanism 5, the supporting plate 10 can be tightly abutted by using a first screw 501 during the tamping of the rock stratum simulation material, so that the tamping operation is convenient, and after the tamping operation is carried out, the supporting plate 10 can be quickly loosened by loosening the first screw 501 so as to be convenient to disassemble; the organic glass plate 11 can be compressed by reversely rotating the first screw 501, so that sealing is realized, and as the internal pressure of the whole experimental device is higher, the higher the pressure is, the higher the pressure on the organic glass plate 11 is, the stronger the extrusion force on the sealing gasket 506 is, and the better the sealing effect is; the organic glass plate 11 can solve the sealing problem and meet the requirement of observation in the test; the formation-simulating material is disposed between two of the support plates 10.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the tamping mechanism 6 comprises a support rail 601, a slide block 602, a support plate 603, a hydraulic cylinder 604 and a rapping assembly 609, the bottom parts of the two ends of the supporting plate 603 are fixedly connected with the sliding blocks 602, the sliding blocks 602 are connected on the supporting guide rails 601 in a sliding manner, the hydraulic cylinder 604 is vertically and fixedly connected with the top of the supporting plate 603, one side of the supporting guide rail 601 is provided with a screw rod 606, the polished rod parts at the two ends of the screw 606 are respectively provided with a screw support 607, the screw supports 607 are fixedly connected with the side wall of the supporting guide rail 601, a second nut 608 is connected to the surface of the lead screw 606 in a threaded manner, one side of the second nut 608 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the sliding block 602, one end of the screw rod 606 is connected with a first motor 605 in a transmission manner, and the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 604 is fixedly connected with the top of the vibration component 609; fixing bolts are arranged at two ends of the supporting guide rail 601, the supporting guide rail 601 is fixedly connected with the top of the cross beam 3 through the fixing bolts, the tamping mechanism 6 is arranged, the rock stratum simulation material can be compacted by utilizing the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 604, the tamping degree can be controlled by controlling the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 604, the tamping degree can be controlled, the hydraulic cylinder 604 is driven to move by arranging the first motor 605, the screw rod 606 and the second nut 608, and the rock stratum simulation material can be pressed out of different fluctuation states in the front view direction by controlling the downward pressing degree of the hydraulic cylinder 604; as shown in fig. 5, the rapping component 609 includes a housing 610, a crankshaft 611, a connecting rod 612, a supporting sleeve 613 and a telescopic rod 614, the crankshaft 611 is disposed in the housing 610, bearings are respectively sleeved at both ends of the crankshaft 611, both ends of the crankshaft 611 are respectively rotatably connected with both sides of the inner wall of the housing 610 through the bearings, a first end of the connecting rod 612 is rotatably connected to a driving section of the crankshaft 611, the supporting sleeve 613 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 610, the telescopic rod 614 is slidably connected in the supporting sleeve 613, a first end of the telescopic rod 614 is hinged to a second end of the connecting rod 612, a threaded hole is coaxially formed at a second end of the telescopic rod 614, a threaded rod 616 is connected to the threaded hole through a thread, a vibrating plate 615 is fixedly connected to an end of the threaded rod 616, a nut is connected to the threaded rod 616 through a thread, and one end of the nut is pressed against the second end of the telescopic rod 614, a second motor 617 is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 610, gears 618 are fixedly connected to an output shaft of the second motor 617 and the middle of the crankshaft 611, and the two gears 618 are engaged with each other; the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 604 is fixedly connected with the top of the shell 610, and the vibrating component 609 is arranged, so that on one hand, the tamping degree can be improved, and on the other hand, after the extension length of the vibrating plate 615 is adjusted, the vibrating plates 615 are matched with each other after being adjusted, and different fluctuation states of the rock stratum simulation material can be pressed in the side view direction; the hydraulic cylinder 604 and the plurality of vibrating plates 615 are matched with each other, so that the surface of the rock stratum simulation material can be molded into a plurality of different three-dimensional forms, and the actual rock stratum form can be better simulated.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the spreading mechanism 7 includes a grid plate 702, a hopper 704 and a bottom plate 709, both sides of the grid plate 702 are fixedly connected with guide rods 703 through a support frame 701, the upper of the guide rods 703 is connected with sliding sleeves in a sliding manner, both ends of the hopper 704 are respectively fixedly connected with the two sliding sleeves, a gate plate 707 is arranged at a discharge port of the hopper 704, a vibrator 705 is fixedly connected to a side wall of the hopper 704, the spreading mechanism 7 is arranged to uniformly spread mica powder on the rock stratum simulation material, so as to ensure that the thickness of the mica powder between each simulation rock stratum is consistent, reduce experimental errors, a scraping plate 708 is fixedly connected to one side of the hopper 704, and by arranging the scraping plate 708, after the mica powder is added into the grid plate 702, the redundant mica powder is scraped away through a scraping plate, so as to ensure that the amount of the mica powder in each grid hole is the same, further ensure the spreading uniformity, the bottom of the scraping plate 708 is close to the top of the grid plate 702, one end of the grid plate 702 is fixedly connected with a receiving hopper 706, two sides of the bottom of the grid plate 702 are fixedly connected with clamping blocks, the clamping blocks are connected with a bottom plate 709 in a sliding manner, and the top of the bottom plate 709 is lapped with the bottom of the grid plate 702; the support frames 701 at the two sides of the spreading mechanism 7 are lapped on the bracket 4.
As shown in fig. 8, the mining surface simulation mechanism 8 includes an upper plate 801, a lower plate 802 and a lifting assembly, one end of the lifting assembly is connected to the top of the lower plate 802, the other end of the lifting assembly is connected to the bottom of the upper plate 801, upper plates 806 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the bottom of the upper plate 801, opposite side walls of two adjacent upper plates 806 are fixedly connected, a lower plate 807 is fixedly connected to the periphery of the top of the lower plate 802, opposite side walls of two adjacent lower plates 807 are fixedly connected, side walls of the lower plates 807 are overlapped with side walls of the upper plates 806, the lifting assembly includes a first support rod 803 and a second support rod 804, the middle portion of the first support rod 803 is hinged to the middle portion of the second support rod 804, a first support rod 803 and a second support rod 804 hinged to each other are disposed on both sides of the bottom of the upper plate 801, a first end of the first support rod 803 is hinged to the top of the lower plate 802, the second end of the first supporting rod 803 is slidably connected with the bottom of the upper plate 801, the first end of the second supporting rod 804 is slidably connected with the top of the lower plate 802, the second end of the second supporting rod 804 is hinged with the bottom of the upper plate 801, a second screw 805 is in threaded connection with the side wall of the lower baffle 807, the end of the second screw 805 abuts against the first end of the second supporting rod 804, and the mining face simulation mechanism 8 is arranged, so that the mining face simulation mechanism can be embedded in a rock stratum simulation material to simulate a mining strip face belt; meanwhile, after the upper plate 801 descends, the top of the upper plate 801 is not in contact with the inner wall of the simulated mining strip face belt, and when the upper plate 801 is drawn out, the inner wall of the simulated mining strip face belt is prevented from being scratched by friction and the integrity of the inner wall of the simulated mining strip face belt is prevented from being influenced.
As shown in fig. 9, the water injection mechanism 9 includes an inner tube 901, an outer sleeve 902, and an outer fiber-coated layer 903, the inner tube 901 is inserted into the outer sleeve 902, two ends of the outer sleeve 902 are hermetically connected to the side wall of the inner tube 901, the outer fiber-coated layer 903 is wrapped on the outer sleeve 902, the walls of the inner tube 901 and the outer sleeve 902 are both provided with water permeable holes 904, the number of the water permeable holes 904 on the wall of the outer sleeve 902 is greater than the number of the water permeable holes 904 on the wall of the inner tube 901, the outer fiber-coated layer 903 is covered on the water permeable holes 904 on the wall of the outer sleeve 902, the outer fiber-coated layer 903 is made of water permeable cloth, by providing the water injection mechanism 9, impact of water on a simulated rock layer material during water injection is reduced to the greatest extent, a permeation effect is simulated, and a practical seeping effect is simulated; when water flows out to outer tube 902 through inner tube 901, because the hole 904 of permeating water is more on the outer tube 902, water can be very fast outflow, and water can be comparatively even simultaneously to diffusion on every side, through setting up outsourcing fibrous layer 903, the back is soaked to outsourcing fibrous layer 903, and water can be through the more even diffusion all around of outsourcing fibrous layer 903 to further reduce the impact force of water.
In the actual test: firstly, mounting support plates 10 on the front side and the back side of an outer frame mechanism, enabling the support plates 10 to be attached to the outer side surfaces of an inner baffle 201, placing the bottoms of the support plates 10 on the inner bottom wall of a base 1, then screwing a first screw 501, and driving a fixing plate 502 to tightly press the support plates 10 by the first screw 501 to form a closed rectangular space; filling simulation materials into the rectangular space from bottom to top in a layered mode, filling the simulation materials under the goaf of the coal seam into the base 1 to form an underlying simulation rock stratum, then pouring a layer of molten paraffin on the whole underlying simulation rock stratum, and forming a waterproof protective layer after the paraffin is cooled so as to prevent accumulated water in the goaf from permeating the underlying simulation rock stratum; laying a simulation coal bed on a lower simulation rock stratum, embedding a mining surface simulation mechanism 8 with the height adjusted, tamping by using a tamping mechanism 6, controlling a second motor 617 to start in real time of tamping, driving a crankshaft 611 to rotate through a gear 618 by the second motor 617, driving a telescopic rod 614 to reciprocate through a connecting rod 612 after the crankshaft 611 rotates, driving a vibrating plate 615 to reciprocate continuously, extending and pressing a vibrating component 609 by controlling a hydraulic cylinder 604 to compact the simulation material, simultaneously tamping the simulation material by a plurality of vibrating plates 615, controlling the hydraulic cylinder 604 to reset after one area is compacted, driving a screw rod 606 to drive a second nut 608 to move, enabling the hydraulic cylinder 604 to move to the next compacted area, and repeating the previous compacting step until one simulation layer is completely compacted; according to different requirements, the pressing amount of the single hydraulic cylinder 604 and the extending amount of different vibrating plates 615 can be adjusted, so that different rock stratum simulation surfaces can be molded;
spreading mica powder, pushing the spreading mechanism 7 to move along the bracket 4, enabling the spreading mechanism 7 to be located above a compacted simulated rock stratum, opening the gate plate 707 and the vibrator 705, enabling the mica powder in the hopper 704 to fall into meshes of the grid plate 702, facilitating the blanking by the vibrator 705, avoiding the occurrence of material blockage, then pushing the hopper 704 at a constant speed, enabling the mica powder to be filled in the meshes, in the advancing process, the scraping plate 708 can push the excessive mica powder forwards, finally pushing the excessive mica powder into the receiving hopper 706, when the mica powder is uniformly stored in all the meshes, closing the gate plate 707, pulling the bottom plate 709 to one side, enabling the mica powder to fall onto the simulated rock stratum under the condition of losing support, and then pushing the spreading mechanism 7 to one side of the bracket 4, so as to avoid influencing compaction; filling and tamping a simulated rock stratum material, and repeating the steps, and embedding a water injection mechanism 9 and a sensor for detection in the required simulated rock stratum until the simulation layer is completely built; reversely rotating the first screw 501, loosening the support plate 10, and withdrawing the support plate 10; naturally maintaining the model, naturally ventilating and drying, excavating the model after the model is completely dried and shaped, rotating the second screw 805 during excavation, losing the jacking force of the second support rod 804, lowering the whole lifting assembly, and then drawing out the mining surface simulation mechanism 8;
the organic glass plates 11 are arranged on the front side and the back side of the outer frame mechanism, the side faces of the organic glass plates 11 are attached to the sealing gaskets 506, the first screw 501 is rotated reversely, the first screw 501 drives the fixing plate 502 to press the machine glass plates 11, and therefore the sealing gaskets 506 are squeezed to achieve sealing; the inner pipe 901 of the water injection mechanism 9 is connected with a water source, water is injected into the model and is observed, when water is injected, water firstly flows into the outer sleeve 902 through the water permeable holes 904 of the inner pipe 901, flows into the outer coating fiber layer 903 through the water permeable holes 904 on the side wall of the outer sleeve 902, soaks the outer coating fiber layer 903 and then permeates into the simulation material, and water injection is realized.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are possible which remain within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a collecting space area ponding simulation test device, its characterized in that includes frame mechanism, tamp mechanism (6), spreads and spills mechanism (7), mining face simulation mechanism (8) and water injection mechanism (9), the front both sides and the back both sides of frame mechanism all are provided with compresses tightly sealing mechanism (5), the front and the back of frame mechanism are respectively through compressing tightly sealing mechanism (5) sealed fixed organic glass board (11), be provided with the rock stratum simulation material in the frame mechanism, open mining face simulation mechanism (8) with water injection mechanism (9) are all pre-buried in the rock stratum simulation material, tamp mechanism (6) are fixed the top of frame mechanism, it sets up to spread mechanism (7) just is located in the frame mechanism spreads the below of mechanism (7).
2. The goaf ponding similarity simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer frame mechanism comprises a base (1), side vertical plates (2), a cross beam (3) and a bracket (4), wherein the side vertical plates (2) are fixedly connected to both sides of the base (1), both ends of the cross beam (3) are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two side vertical plates (2), the bracket (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cross beam (3), and one end of the bracket (4) extends out of the outer frame mechanism; the tamping mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the cross beam (3), and the spreading mechanism (7) is lapped on the bracket (4).
3. The goaf ponding simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein an inner baffle (201) and an outer baffle (202) are fixedly connected to both sides of the opposite surfaces of the two side vertical plates (2); the compressing and sealing mechanism (5) comprises a first screw rod (501), a first nut (503), a fixing plate (502) and a sealing gasket (506), the first nut (503) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the outer baffle (202), the first screw rod (501) is in threaded connection with the first nut (503), the first end of the first screw rod (501) is rotatably connected with the outer side wall of the fixing plate (502), one end of the fixing plate (502) is fixedly connected with a guide block (505), the side wall of the side vertical plate (2) is provided with a sliding groove (504), the guide block (505) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (504), the sealing gasket (506) is attached to the inner side wall of the outer baffle (202) and the inner side wall of the base (1), the side wall of the sealing gasket (506) is provided with a protruding sealing barrel (507), and the sealing barrel (507) is sleeved on the surface of the first screw rod (501), the first end of the sealing cylinder (507) is in sealing fit with the inner side wall of the fixing plate (502), and the second end of the sealing cylinder (507) is in sealing connection with the side wall of the sealing gasket (506); the outer side wall of the organic glass plate (11) is attached to the sealing gasket (506), and the outer side wall of the fixing plate (502) is tightly pressed on the inner side wall of the organic glass plate (11); a supporting plate (10) is propped against the inner side wall of the fixing plate (502), two sides of the supporting plate (10) are respectively overlapped with the outer side walls of the inner baffles (201) on the side walls of the two side vertical plates (2), and the bottom of the supporting plate (10) is overlapped on the bottom of the inner wall of the base (1); the formation-simulating material is arranged between two of the support plates (10).
4. The goaf ponding simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tamping mechanism (6) comprises a support guide rail (601), a slide block (602), a support plate (603), a hydraulic cylinder (604) and a rapping component (609), the slide block (602) is fixedly connected to the bottoms of both ends of the support plate (603), the slide block (602) is slidably connected to the support guide rail (601), the hydraulic cylinder (604) is vertically and fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (603), a lead screw (606) is arranged on one side of the support guide rail (601), a lead screw support (607) is arranged on the polish rod portion at both ends of the lead screw (606), the lead screw support (607) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support guide rail (601), a second nut (608) is connected to the surface of the lead screw (606) in a threaded manner, and one side of the second nut (608) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slide block (602), one end of the screw rod (606) is connected with a first motor (605) in a transmission manner, and the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (604) is fixedly connected with the top of the vibration component (609); and fixing bolts are arranged at two ends of the supporting guide rail (601), and the supporting guide rail (601) is fixedly connected with the top of the outer frame mechanism through the fixing bolts.
5. The goaf ponding simulation test device according to claim 4, wherein the rapping component (609) comprises a housing (610), a crankshaft (611), a connecting rod (612), a supporting sleeve (613) and a telescopic rod (614), the crankshaft (611) is arranged in the housing (610), bearings are sleeved at two ends of the crankshaft (611), two ends of the crankshaft (611) are respectively and rotatably connected with two sides of the inner wall of the housing (610) through the bearings, a first end of the connecting rod (612) is rotatably connected to a driving section of the crankshaft (611), the supporting sleeve (613) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (610), the telescopic rod (614) is slidably connected in the supporting sleeve (613), a first end of the telescopic rod (614) is hinged to a second end of the connecting rod (612), and a threaded hole is coaxially formed in the second end of the telescopic rod (614), a threaded rod (616) is connected to the threaded hole in a threaded manner, a vibrating plate (615) is fixedly connected to the end portion of the threaded rod (616), a nut is connected to the threaded rod (616) in a threaded manner, one end of the nut is pressed against the second end of the telescopic rod (614), a second motor (617) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (610), gears (618) are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (617) and the middle of the crankshaft (611), and the two gears (618) are meshed with each other; the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (604) is fixedly connected with the top of the shell (610).
6. The goaf ponding simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein the spreading mechanism (7) comprises a grid plate (702), a hopper (704) and a bottom plate (709), guide rods (703) are fixedly connected to both sides of the grid plate (702) through a support frame (701), sliding sleeves are slidably connected to the upper portions of the guide rods (703), both ends of the hopper (704) are fixedly connected to the two sliding sleeves, a gate plate (707) is arranged at a discharge port of the hopper (704), a vibrator (705) is fixedly connected to a side wall of the hopper (704), a scraping plate (708) is fixedly connected to one side of the hopper (704), the bottom of the scraping plate (708) is close to the top of the grid plate (702), a receiving hopper (706) is fixedly connected to one end of the grid plate (702), and fixture blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the grid plate (702), the fixture block is connected with a bottom plate (709) in a sliding mode, and the top of the bottom plate (709) is overlapped with the bottom of the grid plate (702); the bottoms of the support frames (701) on the two sides of the spreading mechanism (7) are in lap joint in the outer frame mechanism.
7. The goaf ponding simulation test device of claim 1, wherein the goaf ponding simulation mechanism (8) comprises an upper plate (801), a lower plate (802) and a lifting assembly, one end of the lifting assembly is connected with the top of the lower plate (802), the other end of the lifting assembly is connected with the bottom of the upper plate (801), an upper baffle (806) is fixedly connected around the bottom of the upper plate (801), opposite side walls of two adjacent upper baffles (806) are fixedly connected, a lower baffle (807) is fixedly connected around the top of the lower plate (802), opposite side walls of two adjacent lower baffles (807) are fixedly connected, and the side wall of the lower baffle (807) is overlapped with the side wall of the upper baffle (806).
8. The goaf water logging simulation test device of claim 7, wherein the lifting assembly comprises a first support rod (803) and a second support rod (804), the middle of the first support rod (803) is hinged to the middle of the second support rod (804), the first support rod (803) and the second support rod (804) are hinged to each other on both sides of the bottom of the upper plate (801), the first end of the first support rod (803) is hinged to the top of the lower plate (802), the second end of the first support rod (803) is slidably connected to the bottom of the upper plate (801), the first end of the second support rod (804) is slidably connected to the top of the lower plate (802), the second end of the second support rod (804) is hinged to the bottom of the upper plate (801), and a second screw (805) is screwed to the side wall of the lower baffle (807), the end of the second screw (805) abuts against the first end of the second support rod (804).
9. The goaf ponding simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water injection mechanism (9) comprises an inner tube (901), an outer sleeve (902) and an outer fiber layer (903) covering the inner tube (901), the inner tube (901) is threaded in the outer sleeve (902), both ends of the outer sleeve (902) are hermetically connected with the side wall of the inner tube (901), the outer fiber layer (903) is wrapped on the outer sleeve (902), the inner tube (901) and the outer sleeve (902) are provided with water permeable holes (904), the number of the water permeable holes (904) on the tube wall of the outer sleeve (902) is larger than the number of the water permeable holes (904) on the tube wall of the inner tube (901), and the outer fiber layer (902) covers the water permeable holes (904) on the tube wall of the outer sleeve (903).
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