CN113802021B - Equipment for preparing high-silicon aluminum alloy in grading pressure infiltration continuous mode - Google Patents
Equipment for preparing high-silicon aluminum alloy in grading pressure infiltration continuous mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN113802021B CN113802021B CN202111045213.2A CN202111045213A CN113802021B CN 113802021 B CN113802021 B CN 113802021B CN 202111045213 A CN202111045213 A CN 202111045213A CN 113802021 B CN113802021 B CN 113802021B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
- B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
- B22D35/06—Heating or cooling equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses equipment for continuously preparing high-silicon aluminum alloy by means of graded pressure infiltration, which comprises a feeding device, a cooling furnace tube and at least two sections of heating furnace tubes, wherein the heating furnace tubes are sequentially connected, the feeding device is in butt joint with the first section of heating furnace tube, the cooling furnace tube is connected with the last section of heating furnace tube, a material conveying screw rod is arranged in each section of heating furnace tube, a rotary driving device is correspondingly arranged on each material conveying screw rod, the screw pitch of the material conveying screw rod in the last section of heating furnace tube is gradually reduced along the material conveying direction, and the temperature in the last section of heating furnace tube is set to be the temperature above the phase line of molten metal. The mixed material is sequentially subjected to multistage pressurization, heating and stirring in the furnace tube, and then is superposed with the conveying screw for pressurization, so that the crystal grains of the mixed material can be rearranged, and finally, the silicon-aluminum composite material with good uniformity, high density and excellent mechanical processing performance is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high-silicon aluminum alloy preparation equipment, in particular to equipment for continuously preparing high-silicon aluminum alloy by means of staged pressure infiltration.
Background
With the rapid development of modern electronic information technology and large-scale integrated circuit devices, the integration level and power of electronic devices are higher and higher, the heat dissipation of the devices becomes a key for hindering the rapid development of integrated circuits, and a novel light electronic packaging material with small thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity coefficient is required, so that the traditional electronic packaging material cannot meet the requirements of the development of modern electronic technology. The high-silicon aluminum alloy (Si-wt.% is more than or equal to 90%) has the advantages of lower thermal expansion coefficient, higher thermal conductivity, lower density and the like because the Al matrix is adjustable compared with the reinforcing phase Si, and can be matched with chip materials such as GaAs or Si, the silicon and aluminum content in China is quite rich, the preparation technology of silicon powder is mature, the cost is low, the environment is not polluted, the high-silicon aluminum alloy is harmless to the human body, and the high-silicon aluminum alloy becomes a novel electronic packaging material with wide application prospect. With the increase of the national demand for electronic systems, the continuous batch production of high-silicon aluminum alloy is particularly urgent.
The method for preparing the high-silicon aluminum silicon alloy at the present stage mainly comprises the following steps: smelting casting method, spray deposition method, powder metallurgy method, infiltration method. (1) The high-silicon aluminum alloy prepared by smelting and casting has the advantages that due to the fact that the heating temperature is high, the content of primary crystal silicon is high, the primary crystal silicon in an as-cast microstructure is extremely thick, Si-phase crystal grains are polyhedral and high in aspect ratio, the base body is seriously cut, and the mechanical property of the material is poor. In addition, coarse primary crystal silicon and eutectic silicon can block the flow of metal Al liquid, a large number of shrinkage porosity can be formed in the material, the difference of thermophysical properties is large, the preparation yield is low, and the preparation method is not suitable for large-scale preparation.
(2) The powder metallurgy method for preparing high-silicon aluminum alloy is to use the rapid solidification technology to prepare aluminum silicon powder, put the powder into a die, cold press, degas, heat to a solid-liquid two-phase region, carry out vacuum hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing to prepare a composite material ingot, and then carry out secondary processing such as extrusion and rolling to prepare a section bar or a part. The method can obviously improve the microstructure of the alloy, reduce segregation and improve the solid solubility of the alloy, but the silicon content in the alloy is lower than 80 percent, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy material is still higher, and the production requirement of silicon-aluminum alloy with higher silicon content (Si-wt.% is more than or equal to 90 percent) cannot be met.
(3) The spray deposition method is a production method which is most widely applied in the market at present and realizes the rapid cooling of Al-Si alloy liquid in a rapid solidification mode to obtain a material with fine grains and uniform tissue. The main advantages of the spray deposition technique are its fast solidification characteristics and the external environment of the vacuum conditions, which greatly reduce the possibility of grain growth and reduce the degree of particle oxidation, resulting in a material structure with uniformly distributed Si phase particles in the Al matrix. Secondly, the spray deposition method can not be limited by the solid solution limit of the material per se, and the solid solubility of the Si phase in the Al matrix is improved. However, the preparation process is complex, the preparation process is difficult to control, the sprayed metal droplets are unstable, and reinforcement particles have out-of-state flow in the deposition process, so that the effective combination rate is low, the raw material loss is large, the deposition speed is low, the use and maintenance costs of main equipment and auxiliary machinery are high, the material density is poor, the material cannot be directly applied, subsequent densification treatment is needed, the production period is long, the cost is high, large-scale production is difficult, and only intermittent production can be realized;
(4) the impregnation method is classified into a non-pressure impregnation method and a pressure impregnation method. The pressureless infiltration method is suitable for mass production of materials because of low requirements on equipment and low manufacturing cost, but because the wettability between aluminum and silicon is poor, aluminum liquid can not be completely immersed in a Si reinforcing phase, pores are easily generated in a composite material, and the mechanical property of the prepared material is poor. The pressure infiltration method is to immerse the matrix metal melt into the gap of the reinforcement body by mechanical pressurization or compressed gas pressurization, so as to solve the problem of incomplete infiltration caused by non-wetting of the reinforcement material and the molten metal, but the traditional pressurization method easily causes the delamination of silicon and aluminum, so as to cause the non-uniformity of the alloy, thereby limiting the application of the production process.
In short, the above methods have the following problems:
(1) the alloy prepared by the smelting and casting method has poor mechanical property and low yield, and is not suitable for large-scale production.
(2) The alloy prepared by the powder metallurgy method has higher thermal expansion coefficient, and cannot meet the production requirement of silicon-aluminum alloy with higher silicon content (Si-wt.% is more than or equal to 90%).
(3) The jet deposition method has the advantages of complex preparation process, difficult control of the preparation process, slow deposition speed, long production period and high cost.
(4) The infiltration method is divided into a pressureless infiltration method and a pressure infiltration method, wherein the mechanical property of the material for preparing the alloy by the pressureless infiltration method is poor, and the alloy prepared by the pressure infiltration method is easy to cause the delamination of silicon and aluminum, thereby causing the non-uniformity of the alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the equipment for preparing the high-silicon aluminum alloy in a graded pressure infiltration continuous mode, which can form the silicon-aluminum composite material with good uniformity, high density and excellent mechanical processing performance and solve the problem of material layering of the traditional pressure infiltration preparation of the high-silicon aluminum alloy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an equipment of hierarchical pressurization infiltration continuous type preparation high-silicon aluminum alloy, includes feed arrangement, cooling boiler tube and two section at least heating boiler tubes, and each heating boiler tube connects gradually, feed arrangement and preheating zone heating boiler tube butt joint, the cooling boiler tube is connected with thermostatic zone heating boiler tube, is equipped with defeated material screw rod in every section heating boiler tube, defeated material screw rod correspondence is equipped with rotary drive device, and the pitch of the defeated material screw rod in the thermostatic zone heating furnace reduces along defeated material direction gradually, and the temperature in the thermostatic zone heating furnace sets for the temperature more than the metal phase line aluminium liquid.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the cooling furnace pipe, and an air outlet pipe is arranged on the heating furnace pipe in the preheating zone.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the feeding device comprises a feeding bin, a vibrator and an electric discharge valve, a furnace tube feeding port is formed in the outer wall of the heating furnace tube in the preheating area, a discharging port of the feeding bin is in butt joint with the furnace tube feeding port, the electric discharge valve is arranged at a discharging port of the feeding bin, and the vibrator is arranged on the side wall of the feeding bin.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, each conveying screw rod is correspondingly provided with a heat conduction device, each heat conduction device comprises a heat conduction oil inlet pipe and a heat conduction oil outlet pipe, an oil guide channel is arranged inside each conveying screw rod, and the heat conduction oil inlet pipe and the heat conduction oil outlet pipe are connected with the oil guide channels through bidirectional rotary joints.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the heating furnace tube is a heat-resistant stainless steel tube.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the heating furnace pipe is sleeved with a heating wire, and a heat-insulating layer is sleeved outside the heating wire.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a conveying screw in a heating furnace pipe in a constant temperature area is made of Hastelloy C-276; the other conveying screws are made of heat-resistant stainless steel materials, and tungsten carbide coatings are arranged on the surfaces of the other conveying screws.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, two adjacent sections of heating furnace tubes are vertically arranged.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, each section of heating furnace tube is provided with a thermocouple for detecting temperature.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the rotation driving device includes a motor, a speed reducer, a main sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, the speed reducer is connected to one end of the material conveying screw, the driven sprocket is disposed on an output shaft of the speed reducer, the main sprocket is disposed on an output shaft of the motor, and the chain is wound around the main sprocket and the driven sprocket.
The core innovation points of the invention are as follows: (1) the silicon-aluminum mixed material is heated to a temperature above the phase line of the metal aluminum liquid by a multistage screw rod for pressurization, heating and stirring, the solid Al phase and the Al-Si eutectic phase are completely melted into a liquid state, the liquidity of the solid Al phase and the solid Al-Si eutectic phase is greatly enhanced, the solid Al phase which is not melted is coated, the liquid phase is wetted by the liquid phase, and the liquid metal aluminum is filled between silicon powder particles (silicon framework) under the action of interfacial tension and capillary action, so that the crystal grains of the mixed material are rearranged, the phase with better plasticity plastically flows, and almost completely compact tissues can be obtained. (2) Because Al activity is higher, the surface inevitably can form the oxide film when the powder is made, and the interdiffusion of alloying element receives the hindrance, is difficult to form metallurgical bonding, carries through multistage defeated material screw rod, with the oxide layer breakage on aluminium powder surface, makes between silica flour and the aluminium powder firmly combine together through the seam. The invention heats and stirs the mixture by three-stage screw pressurization. (3) The mixed material is pressurized, heated and stirred by a three-stage screw, and finally is molded and pushed out in a cooling area, the high-temperature material and the high-temperature material are rapidly solidified in a cooling furnace tube under the action of rapid cooling, and then the inside of a blank body begins to solidify layer by layer, so that the defects of pores and the like caused by shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity in the conventional solidification process are overcome, the material density is improved, and finally the high-silicon aluminum alloy material with good uniformity and excellent mechanical processing performance is formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the equipment for continuously preparing the high-silicon aluminum alloy by the step-by-step pressure infiltration has the advantages that the equipment is used for carrying out pressure, heating and stirring by the aid of the multi-stage material conveying screws, mixed materials are sequentially subjected to multi-stage pressure, heating and stirring in the furnace tube, finally enter the cooling area in a semi-molten state, the temperature above a metal aluminum liquid phase line is set in the constant-temperature area, liquid metal aluminum can smoothly infiltrate into a silicon framework, the feeding screws are superposed for pressurization, grains of the mixed materials can be rearranged, phases with better plasticity can plastically flow, holes are filled, the semi-molten mixed materials can be rapidly cooled and formed in the cooling area, defects of air holes and the like caused by shrinkage and shrinkage during conventional solidification are overcome, the compactness of the materials is improved, the silicon aluminum composite material with good uniformity, high density and excellent mechanical processing performance is finally formed, the problem of material layering of the high-silicon aluminum alloy prepared by the traditional pressure infiltration is solved, and the high-silicon aluminum alloy material with a uniform structure is continuously prepared, short production period and low production cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bidirectional rotary joint of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a feeding device; 11. a feeding bin; 12. a vibrator; 13. an electric discharge valve; 2. heating a furnace tube; 3. cooling the furnace tube; 4. a material conveying screw rod; 5. a rotation driving device; 51. a motor; 52. a speed reducer; 53. a main sprocket; 55. a chain; 6. a heat conducting device; 61. a heat conduction oil inlet pipe; 62. a heat conduction oil outlet pipe; 63. a bi-directional rotary joint; 631. a first interface; 632. a second interface; 633. a third joint; 64. a heating and oil storage device; 71. an air inlet pipe; 72. an air outlet pipe; 81. heating wires; 82. a heat-insulating layer; 83. a stainless steel housing; 9. and a thermocouple.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the apparatus for continuously preparing a high-silicon aluminum alloy by staged pressure infiltration in this embodiment includes a feeding device 1, a cooling furnace tube 3 and at least two sections of heating furnace tubes 2, each heating furnace tube 2 is connected in sequence, the feeding device 1 is in butt joint with the heating furnace tube 2 in the preheating region, the cooling furnace tube 3 is connected with the heating furnace tube 2 in the constant temperature region, a material conveying screw 4 is arranged in each section of heating furnace tube 2, the material conveying screw 4 is correspondingly provided with a rotary driving device 5, the pitch of the material conveying screw 4 in the heating furnace tube 2 in the constant temperature region is gradually reduced along the material conveying direction, and the temperature in the heating furnace tube 2 in the constant temperature region is set to be a temperature above the metal phase line. The rotary driving device 5 is used for driving the material conveying screw rod 4 to rotate so as to convey materials conveniently.
The number of the heating furnace tubes 2 is set according to the preparation process of the high silicon aluminum alloy, in this embodiment, three sections of the heating furnace tubes 2 are taken as an example and respectively designated as a heating furnace tube 2a, a heating furnace tube 2b and a heating furnace tube 2c, the heating furnace tube 2a is a preheating region, the heating furnace tube 2b is a heating region, and the heating furnace tube 2c is a constant temperature region. The temperature of the temperature rising area is higher than that of the preheating area, the temperature of the constant temperature area is higher than that of the temperature rising area, the temperature of the constant temperature area is set to be higher than the phase line of the molten metal aluminum, and the cooling furnace tube 3 is a cooling area.
When the cooling furnace tube is in work, micron-sized high-purity silicon powder and aluminum powder are fully mixed according to a proportion, a mixed material is added into a heating furnace tube 2a in a preheating region from a feeding device 1, a material conveying screw rod 4 in the heating furnace tube 2a carries the mixed material to advance and heat, then the mixed material enters a heating furnace tube 2b in a temperature rising region, the material conveying screw rod 4 in the heating furnace tube 2b carries the mixed material to advance and heat, then the mixed material enters a heating furnace tube 2c in a constant temperature region, the material conveying screw rod 4 with unequal distance in the heating furnace tube 2c carries the mixed material to advance, and the mixed material sequentially undergoes three-stage heating, pressurization and stirring in the furnace tube, is in a semi-melting state in the constant temperature region, and finally enters a cooling furnace tube 3 in a cooling region in the semi-melting state to be cooled and formed. The temperature of each heating section can be adjusted according to the process requirements.
The invention uses three-level (multi-level) material conveying screw 4 to pressurize, heat and stir, the mixed material is sequentially pressurized, heated and stirred in three levels in the furnace tube, finally enters a cooling area in a semi-molten state, the temperature above the phase line of the metal aluminum liquid is set in the constant temperature area, so that the liquid metal aluminum can smoothly permeate into the silicon framework, the material conveying screw 4 is superposed to pressurize, so that the crystal grains of the mixed material can be rearranged, the phase with better plasticity can generate plastic flow, holes can be filled, the semi-molten mixed material can be rapidly cooled and formed in the cooling area, the defects of pores and the like caused by shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity in the conventional solidification process are improved, the material density is improved, the silicon-aluminum composite material with good uniformity, high density and excellent mechanical processing performance is finally formed, the problem of material layering of the high silicon-aluminum alloy prepared by the traditional pressurizing and infiltrating is solved, the high silicon-aluminum alloy material with uniform structure is continuously prepared, short production period and low production cost.
In this embodiment, the heating furnace tube 2 is covered with a heating wire 81, and the heating wire 81 is covered with an insulating layer 82. The heating wires 81 adopt alloy resistance wires, the heating furnace tubes 2 are heated by adopting external heating type alloy resistance wires, the outer sides of the resistance wires adopt high-quality polycrystalline mullite fiber materials as heat preservation layers 82, the heat preservation effect is excellent, stainless steel shells 83 are arranged outside the heat preservation layers 82, and the polycrystalline mullite fibers are fixed on the inner walls of the stainless steel shells 83. Each section of heating furnace tube 2 is provided with a thermocouple 9 for detecting temperature.
The preheating zone heating furnace tube 2a is made of 304 stainless steel, the set temperature is 200-. The conveying screws 4 of the preheating zone and the heating zone are made of 310S heat-resistant stainless steel, and the surfaces of the conveying screws are provided with tungsten carbide coatings. Aiming at the operation of the conveying screw rod 4 in the constant temperature area under the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the conveying screw rod 4 in the heating furnace tube 2C (the heating furnace tube 2 in the constant temperature area) is made of Hastelloy C-276, the conveying screw rod 4 in the constant temperature area adopts a non-equidistant spiral form, the screw pitch is gradually reduced from front to back, the material is pressurized, and the compactness of the material at the back end of the conveying screw rod 4 is improved.
In the embodiment, the cooling furnace tube 3 in the cooling zone is a water-cooling forming section, cold water is introduced to spray on the outer surface of the cooling furnace tube 3, and the semi-molten mixed material can be rapidly cooled and formed by controlling the spraying water amount. In addition, a solid shaft 31 is arranged in the cooling furnace tube 3 of the cooling zone as a forming die, the surface of the high-temperature material contacting with the cooling furnace tube 3 and the solid shaft 31 can be rapidly solidified due to the quenching effect, and then the inside of the blank starts to be solidified layer by layer to form a tubular alloy blank, wherein the diameter of the solid shaft 31 can be adjusted according to the size requirement of a finished product. In addition to the present embodiment, in other embodiments, a forming die having another shape may be selected, or a cylindrical blank may be directly formed without providing a die.
In this embodiment, the cooling furnace tube 3 is provided with an air inlet tube 71, and the heating furnace tube 2a is provided with an air outlet tube 72, so that the whole equipment is protected by introducing argon gas to prevent oxidation of aluminum powder in the heating and mixing process. The protective gas is argon, enters from the cooling furnace tube 3 of the cooling zone, is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 72 of the heating furnace tube 2 of the preheating zone, and the gas flow is opposite to the movement direction of the material to form counter flow, thereby reducing the energy consumption.
In this embodiment, the feeding device 1 includes a feeding bin 11, a vibrator 12 and an electric discharge valve 13, a furnace tube feeding port is arranged on the outer wall of the preheating zone heating furnace tube 2, and the feeding bin 11 is butted with the furnace tube feeding port. Electric discharge valve 13 is arranged at the discharge hole of feeding bin 11, and vibrator 12 is arranged on the side wall of feeding bin 11.
In this embodiment, each material conveying screw rod 4 is correspondingly provided with a heat conduction device 6, the heat conduction device 6 comprises a heat conduction oil inlet pipe 61 and a heat conduction oil outlet pipe 62, an oil guide channel is arranged inside the material conveying screw rod 4, the heat conduction oil inlet pipe 61 and the heat conduction oil outlet pipe 62 are connected with the oil guide channel through a bidirectional rotary joint 63, and all the heat conduction oil inlet pipes 61 and the heat conduction oil outlet pipes 62 are connected with a heating and oil storage device 64. The heat conducting oil is heated to 150 ℃ in the heating and storage device 64, enters the oil guide channel of the conveying screw rod 4 through the heat conducting oil inlet pipe 61 and the first connector 631 and the third connector 633 of the bidirectional rotary joint 63, enhances the heat conduction of the conveying screw rod 4 and the mixed material, the heat conducting oil after heat exchange flows out through the third connector 633 and the second connector 632 of the bidirectional rotary joint 63 and enters the heat conducting oil outlet pipe 62 for connection, and flows back to the heating and storage device 64 through the heat conducting oil outlet pipe 62, the next circulation is carried out after heating, and the structure of the bidirectional rotary joint 63 is shown in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, the rotation driving device 5 includes a motor 51, a speed reducer 52, a main sprocket 53, a driven sprocket (not shown in the figure) and a chain 55, the speed reducer 52 is connected to one end of the feed screw 4, the driven sprocket is provided on an output shaft of the speed reducer 52, the main sprocket 53 is provided on an output shaft of the motor 51, and the chain 55 is wound around the main sprocket 53 and the driven sprocket. The preheating zone, the heating zone and the constant temperature zone are all driven by chain wheels, the rotation of the conveying screw rod 4 is all regulated by frequency conversion, and the rotating speed is continuously adjustable within the range of 2-20 r/min.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the space occupied by the equipment, two adjacent sections of heating furnace tubes 2 are vertically arranged. The heating furnace tubes 2 are connected by flanges.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The equipment for preparing the high-silicon aluminum alloy in a grading pressure infiltration continuous mode is characterized in that: comprises a feeding device (1), a cooling furnace tube (3), a preheating zone heating furnace tube (2), a heating zone heating furnace tube (2) and a constant temperature zone heating furnace tube (2), the temperature of the heating area is higher than that of the preheating area, the temperature of the constant temperature area is higher than that of the heating area, the heating furnace tubes (2) are connected in sequence, the feeding device (1) is butted with a heating furnace tube (2) in a preheating area, the cooling furnace tube (3) is connected with the heating furnace tube (2) in a constant temperature area, a material conveying screw (4) is arranged in each section of the heating furnace tube (2), the material conveying screw rod (4) is correspondingly provided with a rotary driving device (5), the pitch of the material conveying screw rod (4) in the heating furnace tube (2) in the constant temperature area is gradually reduced along the material conveying direction, and the temperature in the heating furnace tube (2) in the constant temperature area is set to be above the phase line of the molten metal aluminum so as to ensure that the materials in the constant temperature area are in a semi-molten state.
2. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to claim 1, wherein: an air inlet pipe (71) is arranged on the cooling furnace pipe (3), and an air outlet pipe (72) is arranged on the preheating zone heating furnace pipe (2).
3. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to claim 2, wherein: the feeding device (1) comprises a feeding bin (11), a vibrator (12) and an electric discharge valve (13), wherein a furnace tube feeding hole is formed in the outer wall of the preheating area heating furnace tube (2), a discharging hole of the feeding bin (11) is in butt joint with the furnace tube feeding hole, the electric discharge valve (13) is arranged at the discharging hole of the feeding bin (11), and the vibrator (12) is arranged on the side wall of the feeding bin (11).
4. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: every defeated material screw rod (4) correspondence is equipped with heat conduction device (6), heat conduction device (6) advance oil pipe (61) and go out oil pipe (62) including heat conduction, defeated material screw rod (4) inside is equipped with leads oily passageway, heat conduction advances oil pipe (61) and heat conduction and goes out oil pipe (62) and pass through two-way rotary joint (63) and lead oily passageway and be connected.
5. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the heating furnace tube (2) is a heat-resistant stainless steel tube.
6. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: heating wire (81) have been wrapped to heating furnace pipe (2), heating wire (81) overcoat has heat preservation (82).
7. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: a conveying screw (4) in the heating furnace tube (2) in the constant temperature area is made of Hastelloy C-276; the other conveying screws (4) are made of heat-resistant stainless steel materials, and tungsten carbide coatings are arranged on the surfaces of the other conveying screws.
8. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: two adjacent sections of heating furnace tubes (2) are vertically arranged.
9. The apparatus for the continuous production of a high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: each heating furnace tube (2) is provided with a thermocouple (9) for detecting temperature.
10. The apparatus for the continuous production of high-silicon aluminum alloy by the staged pressure infiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the rotary driving device (5) comprises a motor (51), a speed reducer (52), a main chain wheel (53), a slave chain wheel and a chain (55), the speed reducer (52) is connected with one end of the material conveying screw rod (4), the slave chain wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the speed reducer (52), the main chain wheel (53) is arranged on an output shaft of the motor (51), and the chain (55) is wound on the main chain wheel (53) and the slave chain wheel.
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