CN113795862B - Depth of field synthesis system, camera and microscope - Google Patents
Depth of field synthesis system, camera and microscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN113795862B CN113795862B CN201980096048.8A CN201980096048A CN113795862B CN 113795862 B CN113795862 B CN 113795862B CN 201980096048 A CN201980096048 A CN 201980096048A CN 113795862 B CN113795862 B CN 113795862B
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/50—Image enhancement or restoration using two or more images, e.g. averaging or subtraction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/28—Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10141—Special mode during image acquisition
- G06T2207/10148—Varying focus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20212—Image combination
- G06T2207/20221—Image fusion; Image merging
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Abstract
The invention discloses a depth of field synthesis system, which comprises an image distance driving unit, a main control unit, a depth of field synthesis unit and an image transmission unit; the image distance driving unit changes the image distance of the object according to the control command of the main control unit, acquires images of different image distances of the object, and transmits the images to the main control unit; the main control unit processes the received image to form a data stream related to the image distance change, and the data stream is selected to be transmitted to the depth of field synthesizing unit to provide effective data and depth of field data for the depth of field synthesizing unit; or selecting to transmit the data stream to the image transmission unit; the depth of field synthesis unit realizes the depth of field synthesis of the image based on the data stream and transmits the depth of field synthesis to the image transmission unit; the image transmission unit outputs a data stream or a depth-of-field synthesized image. The invention can realize the optical motion required by the depth of field synthesis without changing the existing optical system, and collect images of different focal planes so as to meet the calculation requirement of a back-end system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to a depth of field synthesis system, a camera and a microscope.
Background
The traditional equipment with a depth of field synthesis system generally has 3 independent systems, mainly comprises an optical system, an imaging system and a depth of field synthesis algorithm system; the optical system is used for adjusting the object distance of optical imaging to change different focusing planes of a photographed object so as to acquire clear images (focusing images) of different heights of the photographed object. Imaging systems typically consist of a digital camera or image acquisition system for converting optical information into digital information. The depth of field synthesis algorithm system is composed of a computer or an image processing system with strong processing capacity, and is used for carrying out focus calculation on pictures with different focus planes and then synthesizing all the pictures into a clear picture. The whole device is a rather complex system, requiring close fitting of the individual systems, including optical interfaces, mechanical control, image data transmission, image data processing, etc.
The device requires that the optical system has an auto-focus or a focus-adjustable lens as a support, and normal operation of the device cannot be achieved without a drivable lens. While most industrial applications, or microscopy applications, use mechanical lenses that cannot be driven externally, all subject to conditions that make use of devices with depth of view synthesis systems. If the lens is changed into a lens with driving capability, the cost of the equipment is increased, the use threshold is also increased, and the lens cannot be really used in a large amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a depth of field synthesis system, a camera and a microscope, which can realize optical movement required by depth of field synthesis under the condition that an optical system does not have a common lens capable of driving, such as fixed focus or zooming, a zoom microscope, a stereoscopic microscope and the like, and can acquire images of different focal planes under the condition that the existing optical system is not changed, so that the computing requirement of a back-end system is met.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
A depth of field synthesis system comprises an image distance driving unit, a main control unit, a depth of field synthesis unit and an image transmission unit;
The image distance driving unit changes the image distance of the object according to the control command of the main control unit, acquires images of different image distances of the object, and transmits the images to the main control unit;
The main control unit processes the received image to form a data stream related to the image distance change, and the data stream is selected to be transmitted to the depth of field synthesizing unit to provide effective data and depth of field data for the depth of field synthesizing unit; or selecting to transmit a data stream to the image transmission unit;
The depth of field synthesis unit realizes the depth of field synthesis of the image based on the data stream and transmits the depth of field synthesis to the image transmission unit;
the image transmission unit outputs a data stream or a depth-of-field synthesized image.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image distance driving unit includes a sensor acquisition module, a motor driving module and a motor limiting module, where the motor driving module is fixedly connected with the sensor acquisition module, and the motor limiting module is fixed at an end position of the sensor acquisition module in a movement direction; the motor driving module receives a motor driving command of the main control unit, drives the sensor acquisition module to move, and adjusts the image distance; the sensor acquisition module acquires object images with different image distances; the motor limiting module monitors the position information of the sensor acquisition module, transmits the position information to the main control unit and generates depth information of object images corresponding to different image distances.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main control unit includes an image distance driving algorithm module, an image data preprocessing module and an image control module;
The image distance driving algorithm module converts the image distance variation parameters into motor driving parameters and sends the motor driving parameters to the motor driving module;
the image data preprocessing module performs preprocessing operation on the image acquired by the sensor acquisition module and transmits the image data preprocessing operation to the image control module;
and the image control module carries out parameter adjustment processing on the image after preprocessing operation.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the depth of view synthesizing unit includes a depth of view control module and a depth of view synthesizing module,
The depth of field control module sets a motion interval corresponding to depth of field synthesis according to the depth of field synthesis requirement; or synthesizing a corresponding motion interval according to the focusing parameters and the self-learning depth of field; transmitting the motion interval and the motion step to the image distance driving algorithm module;
The depth of field synthesizing module collects images with different depth of field, calculates focusing parameters in each pixel point and the limiting area in the images, synthesizes the images according to the focusing parameters, selects images and depth information which have the largest focusing parameters and meet the conditions from all image data in the same position, synthesizes the images into one image until all the images are collected.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image transmission unit includes one or more of an HDMI interface, a DVI interface, a USB interface, and a network interface.
A camera comprises the depth of field synthesizing system.
A microscope comprising said depth of field synthesis system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: on the premise that the optical system does not have a common lens capable of driving, such as fixed focus or zooming, a zoom microscope, a stereoscopic microscope and the like, the optical motion required by depth of field synthesis can be realized under the condition that the existing optical system is not changed, and images of different focal planes are acquired, so that the calculation requirement of a back-end system is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of image imaging;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a depth of field synthesis system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an object positioned in front of the lens forms an image after the lens, and the main plane of the lens is P; the focal point of the lens is F, F ', and the corresponding focal length is F, F'; the object is at a distance s from the main plane, and the image is at a distance s' from the main plane; equation 1 can be derived from the principle of gaussian imaging:
If the object is located at s, a clear real image can be acquired at the position at s', which is called the quasi-focal plane, and if the object is located away from the plane, the real image is called the out-of-focus plane; a clear image of the object can be obtained at the quasi-focal plane and a blurred image at the off-focal plane.
In a traditional camera, a focusing module of the lens is used for automatically adjusting the focus position of the lens without changing the image distance s', and the obtained object is clearly imaged at different s positions.
The general fixed focus lens and microscope can obtain clear imaging of the object under different distances from the lens by adjusting the distance from the main plane P of the lens to the object under the condition that the focal length and the image distance are not changed.
Both of the above conventional approaches are to condition the front-end optical parameters or positions to achieve image acquisition of different focal planes of the object, which has a limitation that the front-end requires a moving structure to achieve the above parameter changes. While most lenses are either not provided with this functionality or some lenses may be custom made with the above functionality, but at a significant cost.
From the above formula, it can be seen that if the image distance s' is adjusted without changing the positional relationship between the lens and the object to the main plane, the object distance s is changed, and a clear picture of the object in different planes is obtained. Therefore, in view of the above practical situation, the invention proposes a method for changing the image distance to realize the image acquisition of the depth of field synthesis on different focal planes of the object, and the adjusted motion structure is moved to the rear end of the optical system and integrated into the device of the invention, and all applicable lenses are not limited. That is, the invention acquires images of different planes of the photographed object by changing the image distance, and since the adjusted structure is moved into the device, all the front-end optical systems are not limited any more, so that the range of the depth of field synthesizing system can be wider.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a depth of field synthesis system, which includes an image distance driving unit, a main control unit, a depth of field synthesis unit and an image transmission unit;
The image distance driving unit changes the image distance of the object according to the control command of the main control unit, acquires images of different image distances of the object, and transmits the images to the main control unit;
The image distance driving unit comprises a sensor acquisition module, a motor driving module and a motor limiting module, wherein the motor driving module is fixedly connected with the sensor acquisition module, and the motor limiting module is fixed at the end position of the movement direction of the sensor acquisition module; the motor driving module receives a motor driving command of the main control unit and drives the sensor acquisition module to move, such as a rotation direction, a stroke and the like, so as to adjust an image distance; the sensor acquisition module acquires object images with different image distances, transmits image data to the main control unit at the rear end, is used as source data for image processing, and can also receive control signals transmitted by the main control unit to adjust parameters; the motor limiting module is mainly used for monitoring whether the sensor acquisition module reaches the maximum, minimum or original point position, so that the main control unit can monitor the position of the sensor acquisition module in real time and form depth information of an image. If the sensor acquisition module reaches the limit position, the motor limit module sends a signal to inform the main control unit, so that the motor limit position is monitored.
The main control unit processes the received image to form a data stream related to the image distance change, and the data stream is selected to be transmitted to the depth of field synthesizing unit to provide effective data and depth of field data for the depth of field synthesizing unit; or selecting to transmit the data stream to the image transmission unit;
The main control unit comprises an image distance driving algorithm module, an image data preprocessing module and an image control module; the image data transmitted from the front end is preprocessed, so that the image data can meet the picture or video of the display standard and is output to the display end. And meanwhile, the image control module is used for adjusting image parameters such as brightness, color gain, image contrast and the like of the image. And the position of the sensor acquisition module is adjusted according to the depth of field synthesis requirement to obtain image data of different focal planes of the photographed object, and the depth information transmitted by the motor limiting module is related to the image data photographed by each frame, so that the depth of field synthesis unit is convenient to use.
The image distance driving algorithm module converts the image distance variation parameters into motor driving parameters and sends the motor driving parameters to the motor driving module;
The image data preprocessing module performs preprocessing operation on the image acquired by the sensor acquisition module, wherein the preprocessing operation comprises data decoding, data conversion, noise reduction, color restoration and other operations, so that the image data accords with the standard of image display or video display, and the image data is transmitted to the image control module;
And the image control module carries out parameter adjustment processing on the image after the preprocessing operation. Such as adjusting brightness, contrast, color temperature, etc. of the image, so that the image can restore the reality under various environments.
The depth of field synthesis unit realizes the depth of field synthesis of the image based on the data stream and transmits the depth of field synthesis to the image transmission unit; the depth of field control module and the depth of field synthesis module are used for acquiring images with different depth of field, calculating focusing parameters in each pixel point and a limited area in the images, synthesizing the images according to the focusing parameters, selecting the image and depth information which have the largest focusing parameters and meet the conditions from all image data in the same position, and synthesizing the image and the depth information into one image until all the images are acquired.
The depth of field control module can manually set a motion section (a start area/an end area) corresponding to the depth of field synthesis according to the requirements of the depth of field synthesis; or synthesizing a corresponding motion interval according to the focusing parameters and the self-learning depth of field; transmitting the motion interval and the motion step to an image distance driving algorithm module;
The depth of field synthesis module is mainly to calculate the focusing parameters in each pixel and small area of each frame of image by collecting the image data and depth information processed by the front end image data preprocessing module, compare the data with the accumulated result of each frame, and if the focusing parameters of the current frame are larger than the accumulated focusing parameters and meet the limiting conditions of the area, replace the current focusing parameter data into the accumulated focusing parameter data and replace the current depth information into the accumulated depth data. After the next frame of image comes, the same data processing is carried out until all the image acquisition is completed. When the sensor board moves from the starting position to the ending position and all images are acquired and calculated, the module converts the accumulated data into a depth-of-field synthesized image and transmits the depth-of-field synthesized image to the image output unit.
The image transmission unit outputs a data stream or a depth-of-field synthesized image. The image transmission unit includes one or more of an HDMI interface, a DVI interface, a USB interface, and a network interface. Video stream data output from the front end is displayed on a display through DHMI interfaces or DVI interfaces, and meanwhile, data can be transmitted to a computer or other devices through interfaces such as USB, network and the like. The data after depth of field synthesis can also be transmitted to the equipment for use.
The invention also provides a camera comprising a depth of field synthesis system.
The invention also provides a microscope comprising a depth of field synthesis system.
The invention can realize the optical movement required by the depth of field synthesis and collect the images of different focal planes on the premise that the optical system does not have a common lens capable of driving, such as fixed focus or zooming, a zoom microscope, a stereoscopic microscope and the like, and can meet the calculation requirement of a back-end system under the condition that the existing optical system is not changed.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A depth of field composition system, characterized by: the system comprises an image distance driving unit, a main control unit, a depth of field synthesizing unit and an image transmission unit;
The image distance driving unit changes the image distance of the object according to the control command of the main control unit, acquires images of different image distances of the object, and transmits the images to the main control unit;
The main control unit processes the received image to form a data stream related to the image distance change, and the data stream is selected to be transmitted to the depth of field synthesizing unit to provide effective data and depth of field data for the depth of field synthesizing unit; or selecting to transmit a data stream to the image transmission unit;
The depth of field synthesis unit realizes the depth of field synthesis of the image based on the data stream and transmits the depth of field synthesis to the image transmission unit; the depth of field synthesis unit comprises a depth of field synthesis module, wherein the depth of field synthesis module calculates the focusing parameters in each pixel and small area of each frame of image by collecting the image data and depth information processed by the front end image data preprocessing module, compares the focusing parameters with the accumulated result of each frame before, if the focusing parameters of the current frame are larger than the accumulated focusing parameters and meet the limiting conditions of the area, replaces the current focusing parameter data into the accumulated focusing parameter data, and replaces the current depth information into the accumulated depth data, after the next frame of image comes, the same data processing is carried out until all the images are collected, when the sensor plate moves from the starting position to the ending position, and after all the images are collected and calculated, the depth of field synthesis module converts the accumulated data into a depth of field synthesized image and transmits the depth of field synthesized image to the image output unit;
The image transmission unit outputs a data stream or an image after depth of field synthesis;
The image distance driving unit comprises a sensor acquisition module, a motor driving module and a motor limiting module, wherein the motor driving module is fixedly connected with the sensor acquisition module, and the motor limiting module is fixed at the end position of the sensor acquisition module in the movement direction; the motor driving module receives a motor driving command of the main control unit, drives the sensor acquisition module to move, and adjusts the image distance; the sensor acquisition module acquires object images with different image distances; the motor limiting module monitors the position information of the sensor acquisition module, transmits the position information to the main control unit and generates depth information of object images corresponding to different image distances; the motor limiting module is used for monitoring whether the sensor acquisition module reaches the maximum, minimum or origin position, so that the main control unit monitors the position of the sensor acquisition module in real time to form depth information of an image; if the sensor acquisition module reaches the limit position, the motor limit module sends a signal to inform the main control unit, so that the motor limit position is monitored.
2. A depth of field composition system according to claim 1, wherein: the main control unit comprises an image distance driving algorithm module, an image data preprocessing module and an image control module;
The image distance driving algorithm module converts the image distance variation parameters into motor driving parameters and sends the motor driving parameters to the motor driving module;
the image data preprocessing module performs preprocessing operation on the image acquired by the sensor acquisition module and transmits the image data preprocessing operation to the image control module;
and the image control module carries out parameter adjustment processing on the image after preprocessing operation.
3. A depth of field composition system according to claim 2, wherein: the depth of field synthesis unit comprises a depth of field control module;
The depth of field control module sets a motion interval corresponding to depth of field synthesis according to the depth of field synthesis requirement; or synthesizing a corresponding motion interval according to the focusing parameters and the self-learning depth of field; and transmitting the motion interval and the motion step to the image distance driving algorithm module.
4. A depth of field composition system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the image transmission unit includes one or more of an HDMI interface, a DVI interface, a USB interface, and a network interface.
5. A camera comprising the depth of view synthesis system of any one of claims 1-3.
6. A microscope comprising a depth of field synthesis system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| PCT/CN2019/121127 WO2021102716A1 (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Depth-of-field synthesis system, camera, and microscope |
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| US5282045A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1994-01-25 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Depth-of-field control apparatus and image pickup apparatus having the same therein |
| CN101233440A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2008-07-30 | 诺基亚公司 | Adaptive optical plane formation with rolling shutter |
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| CN101976673B (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-05-23 | 庄鸿 | Image sensor chip |
| CN102314683B (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-16 | 清华大学 | Computational imaging method and imaging system based on nonplanar image sensor |
| US9519972B2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2016-12-13 | Kip Peli P1 Lp | Systems and methods for synthesizing images from image data captured by an array camera using restricted depth of field depth maps in which depth estimation precision varies |
| CN104463817A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-03-25 | 华为终端有限公司 | Image processing method and device |
| CN104506771B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2018-04-27 | 北京智谷睿拓技术服务有限公司 | Image processing method and device |
| JP2017050605A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image processing apparatus and method, imaging device, program |
| CN106210520B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-03-19 | 杭州舜立光电科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and system |
| US10270973B2 (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2019-04-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device and imaging apparatus with a subject selectable mode with higher image blur correction |
| CN107493413A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-19 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of big depth of field digital imaging method based on simple lens imaging |
| CN209265065U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-08-16 | 周良云 | A kind of adjustable microscope stand |
| CN109803133B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2023-04-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Image processing method and device and display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5282045A (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1994-01-25 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Depth-of-field control apparatus and image pickup apparatus having the same therein |
| CN101233440A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2008-07-30 | 诺基亚公司 | Adaptive optical plane formation with rolling shutter |
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| CN113795862A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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