CN113792438A - Method and device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of whole vehicle - Google Patents
Method and device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of whole vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a whole vehicle, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of establishing a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises a vehicle body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, randomly generating a plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets based on the terminal part model, respectively integrating the plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets into the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples, and evaluating the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples. In addition, the method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle provided by the invention does not need to acquire the detailed characteristics of parts of the whole vehicle, so that the method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle provided by the invention has stronger operability and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation, in particular to a method and a device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a whole vehicle.
Background
Automobiles can be exposed to various complex electromagnetic environments, and electromagnetic interference resistance is an important performance of the whole automobile. The electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle is evaluated in the design stage, potential risks can be effectively identified, and design optimization is carried out, so that the time and cost for later-stage test rectification are greatly reduced. However, how to evaluate the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a method and a device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a whole vehicle, which are used for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a method for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a whole vehicle comprises the following steps:
establishing a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises an automobile body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electrical parts contained in a finished automobile, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with cables in the wire harness;
randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the termination component model;
respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle.
Optionally, the establishing of the electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle includes:
establishing a vehicle body model and a test environment model;
establishing a model of a wiring harness between electrical components contained in an anti-interference analysis object of the whole vehicle to obtain the wiring harness model;
establishing an impedance model of a terminal part of the wire harness as the terminal part model;
adding the terminal part model at the terminal of the wire harness model;
and combining the vehicle body model, the test environment model and the wire harness model added with the terminal part model to obtain the finished vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model.
Optionally, the establishing a model of a wiring harness between electrical components included in the complete vehicle anti-interference analysis object includes:
and establishing a single cable model as the wire harness model for each wire harness among the electrical components contained in the whole vehicle anti-interference analysis object.
Optionally, the test environment model is a calibrated antenna model;
based on a plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of whole car, aassessment whole car electromagnetism anti-interference risk includes:
applying field intensity based on the calibrated antenna model;
simulating and calculating the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and analyzing the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of samples of the anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle.
Optionally, the simulation calculation of the coupling current of the terminal part in the multiple finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples includes:
simulating and calculating the coupling current of each terminal part in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample;
based on the coupling current of terminal part among a plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of whole car, the anti-interference risk of whole car electromagnetism of analysis includes:
dividing a frequency range concerned by electromagnetic interference resistance of the whole vehicle into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and executing by taking each sub-frequency band as a target sub-frequency band:
judging whether the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than a corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value or not to obtain a judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band;
and determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band.
Optionally, based on a determination result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal component in each complete vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-band, determining the complete vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-band, including:
counting the times of exceeding the standard of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band;
calculating the exceeding probability of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band based on the exceeding times of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band and the total number of all terminal parts in the plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and determining the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle in the target sub-frequency band based on the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band.
Optionally, the determining, based on the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-band, the entire electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-band includes:
if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is 0, determining that the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk does not exist in the target sub-frequency band;
if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is greater than 0 and less than or equal to a preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, determining that a lower finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk exists in the target sub-frequency band;
and if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is greater than the preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, determining that higher overall electromagnetic anti-interference risk exists in the target sub-frequency band.
The utility model provides a whole car electromagnetism anti-interference performance evaluation device, includes: the system comprises a simulation model building module, a terminal impedance data sample generating module, a terminal impedance data sample integrating module and a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk evaluating module;
the simulation model building module is used for building a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises an automobile body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electric parts contained in a finished automobile, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with cables in the wire harness;
the termination impedance data sample generation module is used for randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the terminal component model;
the terminal impedance data sample integration module is used for respectively integrating the plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model so as to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk assessment module is used for assessing the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
Optionally, the test environment model is a calibrated antenna model;
the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk assessment module comprises: the system comprises a field intensity applying module, a coupling current simulation calculation module and a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module;
the field intensity applying module is used for applying field intensity based on the calibrated antenna model;
the coupling current simulation calculation module is used for simulating and calculating the coupling current of the terminal part in the finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module is used for analyzing the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
Optionally, the coupling current simulation calculation module is specifically configured to simulate and calculate a coupling current of each terminal component in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample;
the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module is specifically used for dividing a frequency range concerned by whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and executing each sub-frequency band as a target sub-frequency band: judging whether the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than a corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value or not so as to obtain a judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band, and determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band
The invention provides a method and a device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a whole vehicle. The whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation scheme provided by the invention can evaluate and obtain the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk, and in addition, the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation method provided by the invention does not need to acquire the detailed characteristics of the parts of the whole vehicle, so that the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation method provided by the invention has stronger operability and practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a finished automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a typical wiring harness of an automobile and a schematic coupling current of a certain cable in a certain wiring harness of a certain vehicle under 10 random bundles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the impedance of two ports in an electrical component of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of establishing a complete vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an example of a body model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of calibrating an antenna model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an example of a topology for an electrical and electronic subsystem provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an example of a wiring harness model added with an impedance model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart illustrating evaluation of electromagnetic anti-interference risks of a whole vehicle based on a plurality of samples of an anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an example of the exceeding probability of the coupling current in the 6 sub-bands concerned by the electromagnetic interference resistance of the whole vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a complete vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The inventor discovers that:
the electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation of the whole vehicle in the design stage needs to consider three aspects of an electromagnetic environment, an electric design of the whole vehicle and characteristics of electronic parts at the same time, wherein the three aspects respectively correspond to three elements of electromagnetic compatibility, namely an interference source, a coupling approach and sensitive equipment, the three aspects are distributed at two places of a whole vehicle factory and a part manufacturer, the whole vehicle factory knows the electromagnetic environment and the electric design of the whole vehicle, but cannot obtain the detailed electric characteristics of the parts, the part manufacturer knows the electric characteristics of the designed parts and performs an electromagnetic anti-interference test on a standard rack, but does not completely know the electric design of the whole vehicle, the standard rack test and the actual electromagnetic environment of the whole vehicle are different, and the actual limiting factors cause the difficulty in engineering realization of the electromagnetic anti-interference analysis of the whole vehicle in the design stage.
At present, some schemes for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a finished automobile exist, but the evaluation schemes only carry out relatively rough evaluation on the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the finished automobile, lack mechanism analysis on interference coupling and component interference, and lack definite judgment basis and evaluation criterion, so that the evaluation result has a limited value on design guidance.
Establishing a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, randomly generating a plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets, respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples, performing simulation calculation on the finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples to obtain coupling currents of terminal parts in the finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples, and analyzing the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risks by adopting a probability statistical method aiming at the obtained coupling currents.
Next, the method for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a finished automobile provided by the present invention is described by the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating electromagnetic interference resistance of a finished automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the method may include:
step S101: and establishing an electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle.
The whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model in the embodiment comprises: a vehicle body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model, and a terminal part model.
The wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electrical components contained in the whole vehicle, and the model of the wire harness between two electrical components in the embodiment is a single-cable model, namely, the wire harness between two components is characterized by a single cable no matter how many cables are inside.
Wherein the end part model is an impedance model of the end of the part to which the cables in the bundle are connected. Considering that the component terminals connected to each cable in the wire harness have terminal impedances, in the entire vehicle anti-interference problem, the component can be regarded as one impedance of the cable terminal connection, and therefore, the present embodiment takes the impedance model of the component terminal connected to the cable in the wire harness as the terminal component model.
The specific implementation process of establishing the electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle can be referred to the description of the subsequent embodiments.
Step S102: a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets are randomly generated based on the termination component model.
In this embodiment, a random number generator may be used to generate a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets, where each termination impedance data sample in each termination impedance data sample set is a random number in a specified interval. It should be noted that, the termination impedance data samples of different terminal components in a whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample are random numbers different from each other.
Step S103: and respectively integrating the plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets into a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
A terminal impedance data sample set is integrated into a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample, and N terminal impedance data sample sets are integrated into the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model respectively under the assumption that the N terminal impedance data sample sets are generated randomly, so that N whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples can be obtained.
It should be noted that the number of the anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle is not smaller than 10, and the more the number of the anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle is, the more accurate the finally obtained evaluation result is.
Step S104: and evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on a plurality of samples of the anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle.
In this embodiment, the coupling current of the terminal part in the multiple finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples can be firstly subjected to simulation calculation, and then the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the finished automobile can be evaluated by a probability statistical method based on the coupling current obtained through the simulation calculation.
The specific implementation process of establishing the electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle can be referred to the description of the subsequent embodiments.
It should be noted that the difficulty in evaluating the electromagnetic interference resistance of the whole vehicle mainly lies in the following two aspects:
first, the cables in the wire harness are random. The wiring harness among the electrical components is an important coupling path of electromagnetic interference, each electrical component is often connected with a plurality of cables, the plurality of cables exist in the same wiring harness, and have a random bundling characteristic, that is, the arrangement positions of the cables in the wiring harness are random and uncertain at each section along the path of the wiring harness, as shown in the diagram (a) of fig. 2, and the bundling characteristic of the same wiring harness on each vehicle also has a random difference due to the manufacturing process, which causes the coupling current generated by the electromagnetic field in the wiring harness to have randomness, the diagram (b) of fig. 2 shows the coupling current of a certain cable in a certain wiring harness of a certain vehicle under 10 random bundling conditions, the random characteristic is a difficult point for clearly and quantitatively analyzing the anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle, in addition, the number of the cables connected with the electrical components is generally large, and the cables are analyzed one by one, the modeling workload is large, the simulation calculation period is long, and the engineering application is not facilitated.
Second, the impedance of the component termination to which the cable is connected is unknown. The interference current, i.e. the coupling current, which the cable couples from the electromagnetic field is transmitted to the component termination, causing interference rejection problems, while the strength of the coupling current is also related to the termination impedance, which is an unknown function of the frequency, and fig. 3 shows the impedance of two ports in a component. Obtaining the terminating impedance of a component requires calculation using detailed circuit design, PCB design, and component detailed parameters of the component, which is not practical in engineering, on one hand, component manufacturers generally cannot provide detailed design for technical privacy reasons, on the other hand, each component has multiple ports, which is a huge workload to calculate one by one, and not every component can provide parameters of the high frequency range concerned by EMC.
In view of the above difficulties, the inventor of the present invention has conceived that a plurality of cables having random characteristics and a plurality of component terminals connected thereto and having unknown impedance may be combined into a combined random system for consideration, in which a wire harness formed by a plurality of random cables is represented by a single cable determined, and the impedance of a cable terminal is represented by a random number impedance in a known interval, so as to collectively reflect the random characteristics of the system, thereby generating a plurality of samples of an anti-interference simulation model for a whole vehicle, and further evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the plurality of samples of the anti-interference simulation model for the whole vehicle.
The method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly establishing a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, then randomly generating a plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets, then respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples, and finally evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples. In addition, the method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need to acquire the detailed characteristics of parts of the whole vehicle, so that the method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle provided by the invention has stronger operability and practicability.
Next, as to "step S101: and (3) introducing a specific implementation process of establishing a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic flow chart of establishing an electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model of a finished vehicle is shown, which may include:
step S401: and establishing a vehicle body model.
The vehicle body model in this embodiment refers to an electromagnetic compatibility simulation model of a vehicle body. It should be noted that, the metal of the vehicle body is an interference backflow path and a reference ground of the electrical component on the vehicle, and there are also electromagnetic field shielding and resonance effects, which are parts that must be considered for the electromagnetic interference resistance analysis of the whole vehicle, and the influence of the non-metal part on the electromagnetic interference is very small, and due to the skin effect, the current is only distributed on the surface layer of the metal, and in view of this, the process of establishing the vehicle body model may include:
acquiring a digital-analog of a vehicle body structure from a whole vehicle design file; only retaining a metal part of the extracted digital model of the vehicle body structure, and simplifying the metal part into a metal surface without thickness to obtain a vehicle body metal model; optimizing the metal model of the vehicle body; and carrying out grid discretization on the optimized vehicle body metal model to obtain an electromagnetic compatibility simulation model of the vehicle body, namely a vehicle body model, and fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the vehicle body model. The optimization process performed on the vehicle body metal model may include, but is not limited to: and deleting, merging or reconstructing the micro-structure which has small influence on the electromagnetic interference and consumes the computing resources.
Step S402: and establishing a test environment model.
The test environment model in this embodiment refers to a model of an anti-interference test environment of the entire vehicle. The process of establishing the test environment model may include two processes, one of which is establishing an antenna model, and the other of which is calibrating the established antenna model.
When the antenna model is established, modeling can be carried out according to the type and the structure of the actual antenna in a laboratory. It should be noted that different antennas are generally used in different frequency bands, a strip line test is generally simulated by using plane waves below 30MHz, a biconical antenna, a log periodic antenna and a composite antenna can be used in 30-300 MHz, a log periodic antenna, a composite antenna and a horn antenna can be used in 300-1000 MHz, and a composite antenna and a horn antenna can be used in more than 1000 MHz. Optionally, in order to improve the calculation efficiency, the antenna model may adopt a thin line model or a non-thickness plane model. The established antenna model needs to be subjected to adjustment optimization, namely, the structure of the antenna model is adjusted so as to enable the antenna model to have better antenna performance, and the antenna model after adjustment optimization needs to meet the requirement that more than 80% of frequency points VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) in an effective frequency band of an antenna is less than 5.
When the established antenna model is calibrated, the antenna excitation parameters can be calibrated according to the calibration setting defined by ISO11451-2 in a simulation environment, as shown in FIG. 6, the excitation of the antenna is adjusted to enable the electromagnetic field intensity of the reference point to be equal to the preset value and the field intensity uniformity to meet the requirement, namely the difference between the field intensity of two points at 0.5m on the left side and the right side of the reference point and the field intensity of the reference point is smaller than 6dB in at least 80% of the working frequency range of the antenna. The reference points mentioned above refer to 4 points indicated by "2" in fig. 5, and the reference points are selected according to the standard definition of ISO11451-2, specifically, 4 points 0.5m, 0.8m, 1m, 1.2m from the ground at the position 0.2m behind the front axle of the vehicle.
Step S403: and establishing a model of the wiring harness between the electrical components contained in the whole vehicle anti-interference analysis object to obtain a wiring harness model.
The anti-interference analysis object of the whole vehicle is one or more electronic and electric subsystems, each electronic and electric subsystem comprises a plurality of electric components such as controllers, sensors, actuators and the like, the electric components are interconnected through wiring harnesses, and a plurality of cables exist in one wiring harness.
In this embodiment, the process of establishing a model of a wiring harness between electrical components included in the entire vehicle anti-interference analysis object includes: and establishing a single cable model as a wire harness model for each wire harness between the electrical components contained in the anti-interference analysis object of the whole vehicle.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the process of establishing the wire harness model is substantially that the wire harness interconnected between the electrical components is represented by a single cable, that is, the wire harness interconnected between the two components is established as a single cable model no matter how many cables are inside, a physical path of the single cable model is a central point path of a cross section of the actual wire harness, and a wire path is zero, so that discrete subdivision and simulation solution are facilitated, and the single cable model may be referred to as a normalized lumped wire harness model.
Fig. 7 shows an example of a topology of an electronic-electrical subsystem, where the electronic-electrical subsystem shown in fig. 7 includes a controller 1, a load 2, a sensor 3, and a sensor 4, where the controller 1 and the load 2 are interconnected by a harness including 3 cables, the controller 1 and the sensor 3 are interconnected by a harness including 4 cables, and the controller 1 and the sensor 4 are interconnected by a harness including 4 cables, in the above-described manner of establishing the harness model, a single cable model may be established for the harness between the controller 1 and the load 2, a single cable model may be established for the harness between the controller 1 and the sensor 3, a single cable model may be established for the harness between the controller 1 and the sensor 4, and the established 3 single cable models are shown in fig. 8.
Step S404: an impedance model of a component termination to which a cable in the harness is connected is established as an end component model, and the end component model is added at the termination of the harness model.
It should be noted that, terminal impedances exist at the component terminals connected to each cable in the entire vehicle anti-interference analysis object, as shown in fig. 7, the controller 1 is connected to a plurality of cables, the terminal impedances of the cables are respectively Z11(f) to Z1A (f), which are functions related to frequency f, and in this embodiment, an impedance model [ Z ] can be established for the terminal impedances of the cables]And the established impedance model [ Z ]]Added as a terminal part model at the end of the established harness model, as shown in fig. 8. Impedance model [ Z]Characterized by the terminating impedance characteristic of the electrical component, the terminating component model [ Z ]]Is a random number, [ Z ]]＝10αWherein alpha is a random number uniformly distributed among (0, 3).
Step S405: and combining the vehicle body model, the test environment model and the wire harness model added with the terminal part model to obtain the finished vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model.
Next, as to "step S104: and based on a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples, introducing a specific implementation process for evaluating finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risks.
Referring to fig. 9, there is shown: based on a plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of whole car, the flow schematic diagram of the anti-interference risk of evaluation whole car electromagnetism can include:
step S901: and applying field intensity based on the calibrated antenna model.
Step S902: and (4) performing simulation calculation on the coupling current of the terminal part in a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples.
And applying field intensity by using a calibrated antenna model, arranging a current probe at each terminal part in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample, and performing simulation calculation on the coupling current of each terminal part in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample.
Step S903: and analyzing the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of samples of the anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle.
Specifically, based on the coupling current of terminal part in a plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of whole car, the process of the anti-interference risk of whole car electromagnetism of assay includes: the frequency range concerned by the electromagnetic anti-interference of the whole vehicle is divided into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, optionally, the frequency range concerned by the electromagnetic anti-interference of the whole vehicle can be divided into the following 6 sub-frequency bands according to an interference coupling mode and a mechanism: 0.1-15 MHz, 15-30 MHz, 30-100 MHz, 100-200 MHz, 200-400 MHz, 400-1000 MHz, regard every sub-band as the target sub-band to carry out:
step a1, judging whether the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than the corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value or not, so as to obtain a judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band.
The electric components are interfered on the whole vehicle because interference current generated by the coupling of the electric components from the electromagnetic field, namely the coupling current, exceeds a threshold value which can be borne by the electric components, and therefore, the embodiment judges whether the coupling current of each terminal component in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than a corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value.
It should be noted that the anti-interference performance threshold is known, and is a function of interference current relative to frequency, which is a technical requirement for parts in a vehicle design, and a part designer should prove that the part design can normally work under the interference current of the intensity through a part rack-level EMC test, so as to meet the anti-interference performance threshold requirement. If the test proves that the technical requirements can be met, the anti-interference performance threshold of the part is the technical requirement proposed by the whole vehicle design for the part, if the test proves that the technical requirements cannot be met, the interference current intensity is required to be gradually reduced in the rack-level EMC test of the part until the part can normally work under the interference current, and the current threshold at the moment is recorded as the anti-interference performance threshold of the part.
Step a2, determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band.
Specifically, based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal component in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band, the process of determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-frequency band may include:
step a21, counting the times of exceeding the standard of the coupling current in the target sub-band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-band.
Assuming that the number of the finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples is N, and each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample contains M terminal parts, the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of the NxM terminal parts can be finally obtained. It should be noted that, for the mth terminal component in the nth whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample, if the mth terminal component is coupled with the current I at any frequency point in the target sub-frequency bandnm(f) And if the coupling current exceeds the corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value, the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band exceeds the standard for 1 time, and counting judgment results corresponding to the coupling currents of all terminal parts in the N finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples, so that the times of exceeding the standard of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band can be obtained.
Step a22, calculating the exceeding probability of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band based on the exceeding times of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band and the total number of all terminal parts in the anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle.
If the number of times of exceeding the coupling current in the target sub-band is represented by P, the exceeding probability η of the coupling current in the target sub-band can be calculated by the following formula:
η＝P/(N×M) (1)
referring to fig. 10, an exemplary schematic diagram of the exceeding probability of the coupling current in 6 sub-bands of 0.1 to 15MHz, 15 to 30MHz, 30 to 100MHz, 100 to 200MHz, 200 to 400MHz, and 400 to 1000MHz is shown, and the exceeding situation of the coupling current in each sub-band can be seen through fig. 8.
Step a23, determining the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle in the target sub-frequency band based on the coupling current overproof probability in the target sub-frequency band.
Specifically, if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is 0, it is determined that there is no electromagnetic interference resistance risk of the whole vehicle in the target sub-frequency band, if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is greater than 0 and less than or equal to a preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, it is determined that there is a lower electromagnetic interference resistance risk of the whole vehicle in the target sub-frequency band, and if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is greater than the preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, it is determined that there is a higher electromagnetic interference resistance risk of the whole vehicle in the target sub-frequency band. The coupling current exceeding probability threshold can be set according to specific situations, and optionally, the coupling current exceeding probability threshold can be 20%.
It should be noted that if it is determined that there is no electromagnetic interference resistance risk of the entire vehicle through evaluation, it is indicated that the entire vehicle design meets the electromagnetic interference resistance requirement of the entire vehicle, and if it is determined that there is a low electromagnetic interference resistance risk of the entire vehicle through evaluation, in such a case, it can be concerned that whether a problem occurs in later-stage actual measurement verification, and if it is determined that there is a high electromagnetic interference resistance risk of the entire vehicle through evaluation, it is possible to take an entire vehicle-level optimization measure, such as improving wiring, grounding, layout, and the like, or increasing an interference resistance threshold of a component.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device, which is described below, and the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device described below and the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation method described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 11, a schematic structural diagram of a finished vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which may include: the system comprises a simulation model building module 1101, a terminal impedance data sample generating module 1102, a terminal impedance data sample integrating module 1103 and a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk evaluating module 1104.
And the simulation model building module 1101 is used for building a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model.
The electromagnetic anti-interference complete vehicle simulation model comprises a vehicle body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, wherein the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electric parts contained in the complete vehicle, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with a cable in the wire harness.
A termination impedance data sample generation module 1102 for randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the termination component model.
And the terminal impedance data sample integration module 1103 is used for respectively integrating the plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets into the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model so as to obtain a plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
And the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk assessment module 1104 is used for assessing the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples.
Optionally, the simulation model building module 1101 includes: the system comprises a vehicle body model building module, a test environment model building module, a wire harness model building module, a terminal part model adding module and a model combination module.
And the vehicle body model building module is used for building a vehicle body model.
The test environment model building module is used for testing an environment model;
and the wire harness model building module is used for building a model of a wire harness between electrical components contained in the whole anti-interference analysis object so as to obtain the wire harness model.
And the terminal part model building module is used for building an impedance model of the wire harness terminal part between the electric parts contained in the whole anti-interference analysis object so as to obtain the terminal part model.
The end part model adding module is used for adding the end part model at the terminal of the wire harness model.
And the model combination module is used for combining the vehicle body model, the test environment model and the wire harness model added with the terminal part model to obtain the finished vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model.
Optionally, the wire harness model building module is specifically configured to build a single cable model as the wire harness model for each wire harness between electrical components included in the entire vehicle anti-interference analysis object.
Optionally, the test environment model is a calibrated antenna model; the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk assessment module 1104 comprises: the system comprises a field intensity applying module, a coupling current simulation calculation module and a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module;
and the field intensity applying module is used for applying field intensity based on the calibrated antenna model.
And the coupling current simulation calculation module is used for simulating and calculating the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples.
And the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module is used for analyzing the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
Optionally, the coupling current simulation calculation module is specifically configured to simulate and calculate a coupling current of each terminal component in each entire vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample.
The whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module is specifically used for dividing a frequency range concerned by whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and executing each sub-frequency band as a target sub-frequency band: and judging whether the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than a corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value or not so as to obtain a judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band, and determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band.
Optionally, the entire vehicle electromagnetic interference resistance risk analysis module is specifically configured to determine that there is no entire vehicle electromagnetic interference resistance risk in the target sub-band when determining the entire vehicle electromagnetic interference resistance risk in the target sub-band based on the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-band, determine that there is a lower entire vehicle electromagnetic interference resistance risk in the target sub-band if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-band is greater than 0 and less than or equal to a preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, and determine that there is a higher entire vehicle electromagnetic interference resistance risk in the target sub-band if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-band is greater than the preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold.
The device for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly establishing a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, then randomly generating a plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets, respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples, and finally evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples. In addition, the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need to know the detailed characteristics of the parts of the whole vehicle during evaluation, so that the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device provided by the invention has stronger operability and practicability.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a finished automobile, please refer to fig. 12, which shows a schematic structural diagram of the evaluation device, and the evaluation device may include: at least one processor 1201, at least one communication interface 1202, at least one memory 1203, and at least one communication bus 1204;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the processor 1201, the communication interface 1202, the memory 1203 and the communication bus 1204 is at least one, and the processor 1201, the communication interface 1202 and the memory 1203 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 1204;
the processor 1201 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an application Specific Integrated circuit asic, or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention, etc.;
the memory 1203 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) or the like, such as at least one disk memory;
wherein the memory stores a program and the processor can call the program stored in the memory, the program for:
establishing a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises an automobile body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electrical parts contained in a finished automobile, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with cables in the wire harness;
randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the termination component model;
respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle.
Alternatively, the detailed function and the extended function of the program may be as described above.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium, where the readable storage medium may store a program adapted to be executed by a processor, where the program is configured to:
establishing a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises an automobile body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electrical parts contained in a finished automobile, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with cables in the wire harness;
randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the termination component model;
respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle. Alternatively, the detailed function and the extended function of the program may be as described above.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating electromagnetic anti-interference performance of a whole vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises an automobile body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electrical parts contained in a finished automobile, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with cables in the wire harness;
randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the termination component model;
respectively integrating the terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of the whole vehicle.
2. The method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle comprises the following steps:
establishing a vehicle body model and a test environment model;
establishing a model of a wiring harness between electrical components contained in an anti-interference analysis object of the whole vehicle to obtain the wiring harness model;
establishing an impedance model of a terminal part of the wire harness as the terminal part model;
adding the terminal part model at the terminal of the wire harness model;
and combining the vehicle body model, the test environment model and the wire harness model added with the terminal part model to obtain the finished vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model.
3. The method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the establishing of the model of the wiring harness between the electrical components contained in the anti-interference analysis object of the whole vehicle comprises the following steps:
and establishing a single cable model as the wire harness model for each wire harness among the electrical components contained in the whole vehicle anti-interference analysis object.
4. The method for evaluating the electromagnetic anti-interference performance of the whole vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the test environment model is a calibrated antenna model;
based on a plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of whole car, aassessment whole car electromagnetism anti-interference risk includes:
applying field intensity based on the calibrated antenna model;
simulating and calculating the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and analyzing the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle based on the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of samples of the anti-interference simulation model of the whole vehicle.
5. The finished automobile electromagnetic interference resistance performance evaluation method according to claim 4, wherein the simulation calculation of the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of finished automobile interference resistance simulation model samples comprises:
simulating and calculating the coupling current of each terminal part in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample;
based on the coupling current of terminal part among a plurality of anti-interference simulation model samples of whole car, the anti-interference risk of whole car electromagnetism of analysis includes:
dividing a frequency range concerned by electromagnetic interference resistance of the whole vehicle into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and executing by taking each sub-frequency band as a target sub-frequency band:
judging whether the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than a corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value or not to obtain a judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band;
and determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band.
6. The finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein the determining of the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal component in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-band comprises:
counting the times of exceeding the standard of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each finished automobile anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band;
calculating the exceeding probability of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band based on the exceeding times of the coupling current in the target sub-frequency band and the total number of all terminal parts in the plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and determining the electromagnetic anti-interference risk of the whole vehicle in the target sub-frequency band based on the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band.
7. The finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation method according to claim 6, wherein the determining of the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-band based on the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-band comprises:
if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is 0, determining that the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk does not exist in the target sub-frequency band;
if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is greater than 0 and less than or equal to a preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, determining that a lower finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference risk exists in the target sub-frequency band;
and if the coupling current exceeding probability in the target sub-frequency band is greater than the preset coupling current exceeding probability threshold, determining that higher overall electromagnetic anti-interference risk exists in the target sub-frequency band.
8. The utility model provides a whole car electromagnetism anti-interference performance evaluation device which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a simulation model building module, a terminal impedance data sample generating module, a terminal impedance data sample integrating module and a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk evaluating module;
the simulation model building module is used for building a finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model, wherein the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model comprises an automobile body model, a test environment model, a wire harness model and a terminal part model, the wire harness model is a model of a wire harness between electric parts contained in a finished automobile, and the terminal part model is an impedance model of a part terminal connected with cables in the wire harness;
the termination impedance data sample generation module is used for randomly generating a plurality of termination impedance data sample sets based on the terminal component model;
the terminal impedance data sample integration module is used for respectively integrating the plurality of terminal impedance data sample sets into the finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference simulation model so as to obtain a plurality of finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk assessment module is used for assessing the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
9. The finished automobile electromagnetic anti-interference performance evaluation device according to claim 8, wherein the test environment model is a calibrated antenna model;
the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk assessment module comprises: the system comprises a field intensity applying module, a coupling current simulation calculation module and a whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module;
the field intensity applying module is used for applying field intensity based on the calibrated antenna model;
the coupling current simulation calculation module is used for simulating and calculating the coupling current of the terminal part in the finished automobile anti-interference simulation model samples;
and the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module is used for analyzing the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk based on the coupling current of the terminal part in the plurality of whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model samples.
10. The finished automobile electromagnetic interference resistance performance evaluation device according to claim 9, wherein the coupling current simulation calculation module is specifically configured to simulate and calculate the coupling current of each terminal component in each finished automobile interference resistance simulation model sample;
the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk analysis module is specifically used for dividing a frequency range concerned by whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference into a plurality of sub-frequency bands, and executing each sub-frequency band as a target sub-frequency band: and judging whether the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band is larger than a corresponding anti-interference performance threshold value or not so as to obtain a judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band, and determining the whole vehicle electromagnetic anti-interference risk in the target sub-frequency band based on the judgment result corresponding to the coupling current of each terminal part in each whole vehicle anti-interference simulation model sample in the target sub-frequency band.
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