CN113790976A - Fatigue testing machine low-temperature environment construction and protection system - Google Patents
Fatigue testing machine low-temperature environment construction and protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113790976A CN113790976A CN202111095439.3A CN202111095439A CN113790976A CN 113790976 A CN113790976 A CN 113790976A CN 202111095439 A CN202111095439 A CN 202111095439A CN 113790976 A CN113790976 A CN 113790976A
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- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 235
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009125 negative feedback regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fatigue testing machine low-temperature environment building and protecting system which comprises a nitrogen protecting system, a low-temperature environment simulating system and a fatigue testing machine body. The low-temperature liquid nitrogen is processed by the vaporizer and the reheater to become high-temperature nitrogen and low-temperature nitrogen, on one hand, the high-temperature nitrogen is filled in a closed space inside the nitrogen protection shell, the test environment temperature is guaranteed to be always above 0 ℃, a micro-positive pressure state is kept, a safe and reliable test operation environment is provided, and the stability and the safety of the operation of test equipment are guaranteed; on the other hand, the two are mixed and sent into a constant temperature control chamber of the test piece after being subjected to temperature and pressure regulation treatment by a constant temperature and pressure nitrogen buffer tank, and the temperature of nitrogen in the low temperature test is controlled. Compared with the traditional fatigue testing machine test at normal temperature, the invention can build a low-temperature environment, protect the safety of testing equipment and operators in the low-temperature environment and eliminate potential safety hazards generated by the low-temperature test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material mechanics, in particular to a low-temperature environment building and protecting system of a fatigue testing machine.
Background
With the development of the mechanical industry, the requirements of many products and parts on temperature, power, weight and the like are higher and higher, and the performance requirements also refer to important positions, which promotes the mechanical property test of many products and parts to be greatly developed. For example, mechanical performance parameters (such as maximum load, tensile strength, yield strength, fatigue strength and the like when the product and the part are broken) of the product and the part can be tested through strength tests, fatigue tests and the like, the material or the failure reason of the product is analyzed, and a conclusion of improving the performance of the product or the material is made.
The fatigue testing machine can be used for testing the mechanical properties of metals, alloy materials and components thereof, and is characterized by realizing high load, high frequency and low consumption, thereby shortening the testing time and reducing the testing cost. Due to the limitation of the existing test conditions, most fatigue testing machines test the mechanical properties of metals, alloy materials and components thereof in a normal temperature environment, and less fatigue testing machines test the mechanical properties of the metals, the alloy materials and the components thereof in a low temperature environment. At present, a fatigue testing machine test in a low-temperature environment has two problems of potential safety hazards caused by low-temperature environment construction, accurate temperature control and low temperature control. The low-temperature environment is created and the temperature is accurately controlled, namely, in a low-temperature test, a test piece in a working area of the fatigue testing machine needs to be ensured to be tested in a constant low-temperature range, and the temperature accuracy and the test reliability need to be ensured. The potential safety hazard caused by low temperature refers to that in a test in a low-temperature environment, due to the influence of low temperature, low-temperature damage can be caused to test equipment, and great potential safety hazard can be caused to operators.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fatigue testing machine low-temperature environment building and protecting system aiming at the problems of low-temperature environment building and accurate control of temperature and potential safety hazard caused by low temperature existing in fatigue testing machine tests. The system mainly comprises a nitrogen protection system, a low-temperature environment simulation system and a fatigue testing machine body, so that the fatigue testing machine can finish the performance tests of metal, alloy materials and components thereof at normal temperature and can also finish the performance tests of the metal, alloy materials and components thereof at low temperature. The system can build a low-temperature environment of the fatigue testing machine, accurately control the low-temperature in a working area of a test piece during low-temperature testing of the fatigue testing machine, and keep the low-temperature within a constant low-temperature range required by the testing. Meanwhile, the system can protect the safety problems of equipment such as a fatigue testing machine and the like and operators, and solves the potential safety hazard generated in the low-temperature environment test.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-temperature environment building and protecting system of a fatigue testing machine comprises a nitrogen protecting system, a low-temperature environment simulating system and a fatigue testing machine body.
The low-temperature environment simulation system comprises a low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 1, a vaporizer 2, a reheater 3, a test piece constant-temperature control chamber 7, a constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5, a constant-temperature constant-pressure control loop 4, an electric regulating valve 12, an electric regulating valve 13, an electric regulating valve 14, a temperature sensor 15 and a pressure sensor 16. The nitrogen protection system comprises a nitrogen protection shell 9, an internal environment temperature control loop 6, a high-temperature nitrogen nozzle 17, an electric regulating valve 11, a temperature sensor 15, a pressure sensor 16 and a nitrogen discharge port. The fatigue testing machine body comprises a fatigue testing machine 8 and a testing operation platform 10.
In the low-temperature environment simulation system, low-temperature liquid nitrogen conveyed by a low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 1 is processed by a vaporizer 2 and a reheater 3 to become high-temperature nitrogen and low-temperature nitrogen, and the high-temperature nitrogen and the low-temperature nitrogen are mixed, subjected to temperature and pressure adjustment by a constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5 and then sent to a test piece constant-temperature control chamber 7. In the nitrogen protection system, high-temperature nitrogen gas conveyed by the reheater 3 is filled in a closed space inside the nitrogen protection housing 9, and the nitrogen gas is naturally discharged through a nitrogen gas discharge port.
Specifically, the nitrogen microenvironment is formed inside the nitrogen protection shell 9 by the low-temperature nitrogen overflowed from the test piece constant temperature control chamber 7 and the high-temperature nitrogen delivered from the high-temperature nitrogen nozzle 17, and the temperature and the pressure of the nitrogen microenvironment are controlled by the internal environment temperature control loop 6.
Specifically, the temperature sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 transmit current signals of temperature and pressure to the internal environment temperature control circuit 6, and according to negative feedback adjustment, the internal environment temperature control circuit 6 adjusts the flow rate of high-temperature nitrogen gas conveyed by the electric regulating valve 11, so that the temperature in the nitrogen microenvironment is always higher than 0 ℃ and is in a micro-positive pressure state.
Specifically, the temperature sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 transmit current signals of temperature and pressure to the constant temperature and constant pressure control circuit 4, and according to negative feedback regulation, the constant temperature and constant pressure control circuit 4 regulates the electric regulating valve 12 and the electric regulating valve 13 to control the flow rate of high temperature and low temperature nitrogen gas to be conveyed, so that the nitrogen gas in the constant temperature and constant pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5 reaches the temperature required by the test and keeps relatively stable.
Specifically, the temperature of liquid nitrogen in the low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 1 is kept below 196 ℃ below zero, so that the good heat preservation effect of the low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 1 is ensured, and sufficient pressure and flow are ensured during liquid nitrogen conveying.
Specifically, the temperature of nitrogen in the nitrogen microenvironment is adjusted through the internal environment temperature control loop 6 and the temperature sensor 15, so that the temperature of the nitrogen discharged from the nitrogen discharge port is not higher than the outdoor environment temperature, the energy utilization rate of the system is improved, and the energy is effectively saved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the low-temperature environment building and protecting system of the fatigue testing machine comprises a nitrogen protecting system, a low-temperature environment simulating system and a fatigue testing machine body, and can ensure the stability of the overall operation condition of the low-temperature environment building and protecting system of the fatigue testing machine;
2) the nitrogen protection system provided by the invention can effectively protect the safety of test equipment and operators and eliminate potential safety hazards generated by tests in a low-temperature environment;
3) the low-temperature environment simulation system provided by the invention can build a low-temperature environment of the fatigue testing machine, and can meet the testing requirements required by low-temperature testing by controlling the flow, temperature, time and the like of low-temperature nitrogen;
4) the application of the invention can greatly promote the related research of the country on the mechanical properties of metals, alloy materials and components thereof in the low-temperature environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the fatigue testing machine in the connection view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 2, a vaporizer 3, a reheater 4, a constant-temperature and constant-pressure control circuit 5, a constant-temperature and constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 6, an internal environment temperature control circuit 7, a test piece constant-temperature control chamber 8, a fatigue testing machine 9, a nitrogen protection shell 10, a test operation platform 11, an electric regulating valve 112, an electric regulating valve 213, an electric regulating valve 314, an electric regulating valve 415, a temperature sensor 16, a pressure sensor 17 and a high-temperature nitrogen nozzle.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a low-temperature environment building and protecting system for a fatigue testing machine comprises a nitrogen protecting system, a low-temperature environment simulating system and a fatigue testing machine body.
The low-temperature environment simulation system comprises a low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 1, a vaporizer 2, a reheater 3, a constant-temperature constant-pressure control loop 4, a constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5, a test piece constant-temperature control chamber 7, an electric regulating valve 12, an electric regulating valve 13, an electric regulating valve 14, a temperature sensor 15 and a pressure sensor 16.
The nitrogen protection system comprises an internal environment temperature control loop 6, a nitrogen protection shell 9, an electric regulating valve 11, a temperature sensor 15, a pressure sensor 16 and a high-temperature nitrogen nozzle 17.
The fatigue testing machine body comprises a fatigue testing machine 8 and a testing operation table 10.
The present example illustrates a low temperature metal fatigue damage fracture test.
The working principle and the working process of the low-temperature environment building and protecting system of the fatigue testing machine provided by the embodiment are as follows:
in order to meet the requirements of different test types and test low-temperature temperatures, the low-temperature simulation system can build a low-temperature environment of the fatigue testing machine, and specifically set the temperature and time of low-temperature nitrogen gas sent into the test piece constant-temperature control chamber 7. The low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank 1 conveys low-temperature liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃) to enter a vaporizer 2 for vaporization, one part of vaporized low-temperature nitrogen enters a reheater 3 to be heated into high-temperature nitrogen (the temperature is 45 ℃), and the other part of low-temperature nitrogen is mixed with the high-temperature nitrogen and then supplies air to a constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5. The temperature and pressure regulation of the mixed nitrogen is performed by the constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5, the temperature sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 transmit current signals of temperature and pressure to the constant-temperature constant-pressure control loop 4, according to negative feedback regulation, the electric regulating valve 12 and the electric regulating valve 13 are regulated by the constant-temperature constant-pressure control loop 4, the flow of high-temperature and low-temperature nitrogen gas conveyed is controlled, the nitrogen in the constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank 5 reaches the low-temperature required by the low-temperature metal fatigue damage fracture test, and the nitrogen is kept relatively stable, and the low-temperature environment only exists in the test piece constant-temperature control chamber 7.
Meanwhile, a low-temperature metal fatigue damage fracture test is carried out in a low-temperature environment, in order to avoid dewing and freezing of all parts of the equipment in the low-temperature metal fatigue test process and guarantee normal operation of an oil pressure system, the nitrogen protection shell 9 is adopted to isolate a test bed, the electric regulating valve 11 is regulated through the internal environment temperature control loop 6, and high-temperature nitrogen entering the inside of the nitrogen protection shell 9 is controlled. The high-temperature nitrogen is sent out from the high-temperature nitrogen nozzle 17 and is filled in the closed space inside the nitrogen protective shell 9. The high-temperature nitrogen and the low-temperature nitrogen overflowing from the test piece constant temperature control chamber 7 form a nitrogen microenvironment inside the nitrogen protective shell 9, and the temperature and the pressure of the nitrogen microenvironment are controlled by the internal environment temperature control loop 6. The temperature sensor 15 and the pressure sensor 16 transmit current signals of temperature and pressure to the internal environment temperature control loop 6, and according to negative feedback adjustment, the internal environment temperature control loop 6 adjusts the flow rate of high-temperature nitrogen gas conveyed by the electric regulating valve 11, so that the temperature in the nitrogen microenvironment is always higher than 0 ℃ and is in a micro-positive pressure state.
Before the low-temperature metal fatigue damage fracture test, continuously supplying low-temperature nitrogen to the test piece constant-temperature control chamber 7 through the electric regulating valve 14, cooling the test piece at constant temperature, and performing the low-temperature metal fatigue damage fracture test after cooling the test piece for 5 min. The low-stress test time of the low-temperature metal fatigue damage fracture test is relatively long, and low-temperature nitrogen is continuously supplied to the constant-temperature control chamber 7 of the test piece during the low-stress fatigue test, so that the constant low temperature of the test piece is kept. And mixing the low-temperature nitrogen discharged from the constant-temperature control chamber 7 of the test piece with the high-temperature nitrogen delivered by the high-temperature nitrogen nozzle 17, wherein the temperature of the mixed nitrogen is not higher than the outdoor environment temperature by 25 ℃, and naturally discharging the mixed nitrogen from a nitrogen discharge port.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A fatigue testing machine low-temperature environment building and protecting system is characterized in that a low-temperature environment simulating system and a nitrogen protecting system are built, a low-temperature environment is built, and the safety of testing equipment and operating personnel in the low-temperature environment is protected;
the low-temperature environment building and protecting system of the fatigue testing machine consists of a nitrogen protecting system, a low-temperature environment simulating system and a fatigue testing machine body;
the low-temperature environment simulation system comprises a low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank (1), a vaporizer (2), a reheater (3), a test piece constant-temperature control chamber (7), a constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (5), a constant-temperature constant-pressure control loop (4), an electric regulating valve (12), an electric regulating valve (13), an electric regulating valve (14), a temperature sensor (15) and a pressure sensor (16); the low-temperature liquid nitrogen conveyed by the low-temperature liquid nitrogen tank (1) is processed by a vaporizer (2) and a reheater (3) to become high-temperature nitrogen and low-temperature nitrogen, the high-temperature nitrogen and the low-temperature nitrogen are mixed, subjected to temperature and pressure regulation by a constant-temperature constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (5), and sent to a test piece constant-temperature control chamber (7);
the nitrogen protection system comprises a nitrogen protection shell (9), an internal environment temperature control loop (6), a high-temperature nitrogen nozzle (17), a temperature sensor (15), a pressure sensor (16) and a nitrogen discharge port; the high-temperature nitrogen delivered by the high-temperature nitrogen nozzle (17) is filled in a closed space inside the nitrogen protective shell (9), and the nitrogen is naturally discharged through a nitrogen discharge port;
the fatigue testing machine body comprises a fatigue testing machine (8) and a testing operation platform (10).
2. The system for building and protecting the low-temperature environment of the fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein a nitrogen microenvironment is formed inside the nitrogen protection shell (9), and the temperature and the pressure of the nitrogen microenvironment are controlled by the internal environment temperature control loop (6); the temperature sensor (15) and the pressure sensor (16) transmit current signals of temperature and pressure to the internal environment temperature control loop (6), and according to negative feedback adjustment, the internal environment temperature control loop (6) adjusts the flow rate of high-temperature nitrogen conveyed by the electric regulating valve (11), so that the temperature in the nitrogen microenvironment is always higher than 0 ℃ and is in a micro-positive pressure state.
3. The system for creating and protecting the low-temperature environment of the fatigue testing machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor (15) and the pressure sensor (16) transmit current signals of temperature and pressure to the constant-temperature and constant-pressure control loop (4), and the constant-temperature and constant-pressure control loop (4) adjusts the electric control valve (12) and the electric control valve (13) according to negative feedback adjustment to control the flow rate of the high-temperature and low-temperature nitrogen gas to be delivered, so that the nitrogen gas in the constant-temperature and constant-pressure nitrogen buffer tank (5) reaches the temperature required by the test and keeps relatively stable.
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| CN202111095439.3A CN113790976B (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Low-temperature environment construction and protection system of fatigue testing machine |
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| CN202111095439.3A CN113790976B (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | Low-temperature environment construction and protection system of fatigue testing machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114307789A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江大学 | High-temperature high-pressure gas rapid production system and method based on liquid nitrogen pressurization |
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