CN113787161B - Free forging semi-profiling forging forming method - Google Patents
Free forging semi-profiling forging forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113787161B CN113787161B CN202110959795.9A CN202110959795A CN113787161B CN 113787161 B CN113787161 B CN 113787161B CN 202110959795 A CN202110959795 A CN 202110959795A CN 113787161 B CN113787161 B CN 113787161B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 208000037170 Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/72—Making machine elements hooks, e.g. crane hooks, railway track spikes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method, which comprises the following steps: forming a forging shape of the blank by a free forging press under the assistance of each tool; the product to be forged is matched with the forging shape, and the forging shape is adopted to combine the semi-profiling of the outline of the product to be forged so as to realize the semi-profiling molding of the product to be forged, and corresponding working parameters of the tool, the blank and the free forging press are correspondingly selected according to the outline characteristics and the molding sequence of the product to be forged. According to the invention, the invention adopts a free forging half-profiling forging forming scheme, realizes the half-profiling forging forming of the large-scale marine four-claw hook body by means of a simple tool in a free forging mode, improves the material utilization rate, shortens the processing period, reduces the processing cost, and solves the problems of overlarge die input cost and high equipment capacity requirement of the die forging scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal material forming, in particular to a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method and a tool thereof for large-scale marine four-claw hook bodies and other complex-shaped products to be forged.
Background
The large crane ship is used as an auxiliary ship for ocean engineering, plays an important role in the development process of ocean oil and gas fields, and is also an indispensable device in the hoisting and ocean salvage operation of the ocean engineering. This type of vessel has been strongly developed in recent years. The single-arm lifting weight of the large crane ship reaches more than kilotons, the maximum crane ship in the world is 'Zhenhua No. 30', the single-arm lifting capacity of the large crane ship reaches 12000t, and the full-rotation lifting capacity of the large crane ship reaches 7000t. Because of the large lifting weight, the crane ship has high performance requirements on the lifting hook, and most of the crane ships adopt a forging forming mode. Referring to fig. 1A, fig. 1B, and fig. 1C, because the size of the hook is large, the hook body and the hanger rod are separately forged in a combined mode, and the free forging half profiling forging forming technology of the four-claw hook body is disclosed.
The forging forming scheme of the large-scale marine four-claw hook body mainly comprises a flat square cladding scheme and a die forging forming scheme at present. The former is a flat square body for forging a minimum enveloping four-claw lifting hook body, and has the advantages of simple molding, low material utilization rate, long processing period and high cost; the die is used for fully profiling and forging the four hooks, and has the advantages of high material utilization rate and small processing amount, and has the defects of high die cost, high molding control requirement and high die forging equipment capability requirement for a single-type four-jaw hook body.
The forging method of the product to be forged with large complex shape in the prior art has the following problems: or, a plurality of materials need to be removed later, the material utilization rate is low, the subsequent processing amount is large, the subsequent processing period is long, and the processing cost is high; or, a die with a complex shape needs to be manufactured, the die cost is high, the forging forming control requirement is high, and the capability requirement of die forging equipment is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: according to the method, the material utilization rate can be improved as much as possible by combining free forging equipment with simple tools, and the cost of a special die and the cost of special die forging equipment are reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method, which aims to improve the material utilization rate, shorten the processing period, reduce the processing cost, and avoid the defects of overlarge input cost of a die in a die forging scheme, high equipment capacity requirement and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method comprising:
forming a forging shape of the blank by a free forging press under the assistance of each tool;
the product to be forged is matched with the forging shape, and the forging shape is adopted to combine the semi-profiling of the outline of the product to be forged so as to realize the semi-profiling molding of the product to be forged, and corresponding working parameters of the tool, the blank and the free forging press are correspondingly selected according to the outline characteristics and the molding sequence of the product to be forged.
Preferably, the shape of the tool is a geometric figure which is easy to process, and the cross-section figure comprises a circle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a reverse right angle and a round angle, so that the corresponding tool in the form of a column or a hole or a column hole combination is formed.
Preferably, the blank is upset in a free forging press on a flat anvil to form a forged shape with a central portion protruding in a thin drum shape on both sides.
Preferably, a flat anvil is adopted, and a free forging press is adopted for upsetting, drawing and chamfering, so that the formed forging shape is rectangular, octagonal or circular.
Preferably, a trapezoidal narrow anvil is adopted, the forging shape of the groove formed by the free forging press is trapezoidal, and the tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks is adopted.
Preferably, a rectangular narrow anvil is adopted, the forging shape formed by pressing the concave baffle by the free forging press is a rectangular groove, and the tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks is adopted.
Preferably, a simple tool is adopted for assisting; by drawing, chamfering, grooving, upsetting or pressing the concave gear; by means of rectangular, trapezoidal, chamfer, round or drum shape, or a superposition thereof; and the semi-profiling forging which envelops the outline of the product to be forged is realized.
Preferably, the operating parameters of the forging press that are to be considered in selecting the billet include an upsetting ratio from which the billet size is calculated.
Preferably, each single forging step comprises working parameters of whether to adopt or not and what kind of tools to adopt and what kind of forging and pressing, wherein the forging and pressing working parameters comprise temperature, pressure and stop size;
the arrangement sequence of the single forging steps.
Preferably, the free forging semi-profiling forging forming method further comprises: cogging, namely cutting the blank to a designed size; the sequence of cogging and each single forging step is arranged; the main cross-sectional shape is formed and the cylinder is three-dimensionally basically cylindrical, and the cogging is performed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method, which comprises the following steps: forming a forging shape of the blank by a free forging press under the assistance of each tool; the product to be forged is matched with the forging shape, and the forging shape is adopted to combine the semi-profiling of the outline of the product to be forged so as to realize the semi-profiling molding of the product to be forged, and corresponding working parameters of the tool, the blank and the free forging press are correspondingly selected according to the outline characteristics and the molding sequence of the product to be forged. According to the invention, the invention adopts a free forging half-profiling forging forming scheme, realizes the half-profiling forging forming of the large-scale marine four-claw hook body by means of a simple tool in a free forging mode, improves the material utilization rate, shortens the processing period, reduces the processing cost, and solves the problems of overlarge die input cost and high equipment capacity requirement of the die forging scheme.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a perspective view schematically showing the shape of a four-jaw hook for a large ship according to a specific embodiment of a work object to be forged of the free forging half-profiling forging forming method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 1B is a front view schematically showing the shape of a four-jaw hook for a large ship according to a specific embodiment of a work object to be forged of the free forging half-profile forging forming method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 1C shows a schematic top view of a shape of a four-jaw hook for a large ship according to a specific embodiment of a product to be forged of a processing object of the free forging half-profile forging forming method provided by the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional shape of a trapezoidal narrow anvil, which is one specific embodiment of a simple tooling used in the free forging semi-profiling forging forming method provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 shows a blank one, which is a formed intermediate product of the present invention for processing a four-jaw hook using the provided free-forging semi-profiling forging forming method.
FIG. 4 shows a second blank, an intermediate product formed by the present invention for machining a four-jaw hook using the provided free-forging semi-profiling forging forming method.
FIG. 5 shows a third blank, which is a formed intermediate product of the present invention for processing a four-jaw hook using the provided free-forging semi-profiling forging forming method.
FIG. 6 shows a fourth blank, which is a formed intermediate product of the present invention for processing a four-jaw hook using the provided free-forging semi-profiling forging forming method.
Fig. 7A shows a dimensional comparison of the forging profile of blank four to the hook profile of a four-jaw hook body, a finished forging free-forging semi-profiling forging formed at the maximum horizontal cross section of the four-jaw hook body.
FIG. 7B shows a dimensional comparison of the forging profile of blank four to the hook profile of a four-jaw hook body as a finished forging free-forging semi-profiling forging at a diagonal vertical cross section of the four-jaw hook body.
FIG. 7C shows a dimensional comparison of the forging profile of blank four to the hook profile of a four-jaw hook body of a finished forging free-forging semi-contour forging formed at the minimum vertical cross-section of the four-jaw hook body.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. Hook claw
2. Middle round table
3. Inner bore
11. Blank one
12. Blank two
13. Blank three
14. Blank four
21. Trapezoidal upper narrow anvil
22. Trapezoidal lower narrow anvil
31. Forging profile
32. A hook profile.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method, which comprises the following steps: forming a forging shape of the blank by a free forging press under the assistance of each tool; the product to be forged is matched with the forging shape, and the forging shape is adopted to combine the semi-profiling of the outline of the product to be forged so as to realize the semi-profiling molding of the product to be forged, and corresponding working parameters of the tool, the blank and the free forging press are correspondingly selected according to the outline characteristics and the molding sequence of the product to be forged.
The shape of the tool is a geometric figure which is easy to process, and the cross section figure comprises a circle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a reverse right angle and a round angle, so that the corresponding tool in the form of a column or a hole or a column hole combination is formed.
The blank is upsetted on a flat anvil free forging press to form a forging shape of a drum shape with two thinner sides and a protruded middle part.
Upsetting, drawing and chamfering are carried out by adopting a flat anvil and adopting a free forging press, and the formed forging shape is rectangular, octagonal or circular.
The trapezoid narrow anvil is adopted, the forging shape of the groove forming by the free forging press is trapezoid, and the tool combination is used for removing the shape residual blocks.
The rectangular narrow anvil is adopted, the forging and pressing shape formed by pressing the concave baffle by the free forging press is a rectangular groove, and the tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks is adopted.
Adopting a simple tool auxiliary tool; by drawing, chamfering, grooving, upsetting or pressing the concave gear; by means of rectangular, trapezoidal, chamfer, round or drum shape, or a superposition thereof; and the semi-profiling forging which envelops the outline of the product to be forged is realized.
The operating parameters of the forging press that are to be considered in selecting the billet include an upsetting ratio from which the billet size is calculated.
Each single forging and pressing step comprises working parameters of whether to adopt or not and what kind of tools to adopt and what kind of forging and pressing, wherein the forging and pressing working parameters comprise temperature, pressure and stop size; the arrangement sequence of the single forging steps.
The invention provides a free forging semi-profiling forging forming method, which further comprises the following steps: cogging, namely cutting the blank to a designed size; the sequence of cogging and each single forging step is arranged; the main cross-sectional shape is formed and the cylinder is three-dimensionally basically cylindrical, and the cogging is performed.
Referring to the drawings, specifically, taking a large-scale marine four-claw hook body as an example of a product to be forged, further parameters the free forging semi-profiling forging forming method provided by the invention. The free forging semi-profiling forging forming method mainly refers to the forming of semi-profiling forging of a large marine four-jaw lifting hook by means of a free forging press, a conventional forging tool (for example, a trapezoidal upper narrow anvil, a trapezoidal lower narrow anvil shown in fig. 2) and other free forging equipment and tools in a free forging mode.
Referring to fig. 1A, 1B and 1C, a forging object of a specific embodiment provided by the invention is a four-claw hook body, and the main structural shape features include four claws 1, a middle round table 2 and an inner hole 3. As shown in fig. 1B, the distance from the uppermost end of the finger 1 to the upper end face of the intermediate round table 2 is T. In fig. 1C, the top view of the four-jaw hook body has an octagon shape with four sides shorter, four chamfers approximately square, and one trapezoid is removed at each of the four long sides of the octagon. The inner bore 3 is a cylindrical through hole, which is about 1750mm deep.
Referring to fig. 1A, 1B, 1C, 7A, 7B, and 7C, a forging shape is used to combine a half-profile with the profile of the forged product to achieve half-profile shaping of the product to be forged. Specifically, the four-jaw hook body is semi-profiled as follows. Referring to fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the forging shape combination may be performed using projections, cross sections of the product to be forged.
The profiling of the hook corner fillet of the four-jaw hook body is achieved by chamfering the pre-upsetting blank to form a blank one 11 as shown in fig. 3.
The blank before upsetting is grooved to form a blank two 12 shown in fig. 4, so that the copying of the neutral position between the hook corners of the four-claw hook body is realized.
By forming the blank two 12 shown in fig. 4 by pressing down the trapezoid groove on the blank plane before upsetting, the deformation resistance at the time of upsetting the blank in the vertical four planes can be increased, and the excessive expansion at the time of upsetting can be suppressed.
The profiling of the four hooks of the lifting hook is realized through blank interface chamfering, four inverted trapezoid grooves and connecting surfaces between the four inverted trapezoid grooves. A second blank 12 is formed as shown in fig. 4.
The profiling of the outer arc surface of the diagonal side section of the four-claw hook body is realized through blank upsetting and middle drum type. A third blank 13 is formed as shown in fig. 5.
And finally, pressing the concave gear to realize the profiling of the hook angle of the four-claw lifting hook and the step difference of the center round table. A fourth blank 14 is formed as shown in fig. 5.
The specific solution is as follows.
The first step: and designing parameters of a hook body forge piece of the four-claw lifting hook for the large ship. And selecting proper forging allowance according to a conventional free forging method such as drawing, chamfering, grooving, upsetting or indent forging and the like to obtain main forging parameters of the forging diagram shown in fig. 6, including A Forging piece 、C Forging piece 、H Forging piece and T Forging piece . Wherein, A Forging piece and C Forging piece belong to free molding surfaces, and the allowance is properly amplified; should be placed with normal margin T Forging piece ≤T;H Forging piece .
And a second step of: and designing blank size parameters. Considering the forming effect and forging efficiency, a finished upsetting ratio k=1.5 to 2.0 is recommended. After the working upsetting ratio K is selected, calculating relevant parameters of the blank according to the upsetting ratio K. The empirical formula is calculated as follows:
h Blank material = L Blank material ≈H Forging piece XK/fire consumption
A Blank material 2= A Forging piece 2 K fire consumption
C Blank material 2= C Forging piece 2 K fire consumption
T Blank material = T Forging piece
H Forging piece and h Blank material are additionally set according to the specific structure of the four-jaw hook.
And a third step of: prefabricating blanks. The first blank 11 shown in fig. 3 is prefabricated by conventional methods of upsetting, drawing, chamfering, etc.
Fourth step: and (5) pressing a groove. After the first blank 11 is heated and insulated, the first blank 11 is grooved by using the upper trapezoidal narrow anvil 21 and the lower trapezoidal narrow anvil 22 shown in fig. 2, the depth of the grooved is h Blank material , and the second blank 12 shown in fig. 4 is obtained by cogging after the grooved, and the length of the blank after cogging (i.e. the height before upsetting) is L Blank material =H Blank material . The trapezoid upper narrow anvil 21 and the trapezoid lower narrow anvil 22 shown in fig. 2 are one embodiment of a trapezoid narrow anvil, and a forging shape formed by a free forging press through a pressing groove is trapezoid, so that the tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks is adopted.
Fifth step: upsetting. And (3) heating and preserving the heat of the second blank 12, vertically placing the second blank 12, upsetting the second blank 12, and obtaining a third blank 13 shown in fig. 5, wherein the height of the upsetted second blank is H Forging piece . The upsetting can be performed by means of a flat anvil, i.e. a plate presenting a plane.
Sixth step: and finishing the concave pressing gear. And after the third blank 13 is heated and insulated, a cross concave pressing block (completed in two steps) is carried out on the upper plane of the third blank 13, the concave pressing block is pressed in one direction, then the blank is rotated by 90 degrees, and the concave pressing block is pressed again), the depth of the concave is T Forging piece , and the forge piece with the maximum side length A Forging piece and the maximum diagonal length C Forging piece shown in FIG. 6, namely the fourth blank 14, is obtained. The resulting forging and marine four-jaw hook profile pairs are shown in fig. 7A, 7B, 7C. The upper narrow anvil adopted in the step is a rectangular narrow anvil, the rectangular narrow anvil is adopted, the forging and pressing shape formed by pressing the concave baffle by the free forging press is a rectangular groove, and the tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks is adopted.
Similarly, flat anvils, trapezoidal anvils, rectangular anvils, etc. are simple geometric tooling, some of which are existing and some of which are easy to manufacture. Also similar are cylindrical holes, cylindrical posts, etc. tooling for forming simple cylindrical projections or depressions.
The third step, the fourth step, the fifth step and the sixth step show the arrangement sequence of each single forging and pressing step.
The free forging semi-profiling forging forming of the large marine four-claw hook body is realized by means of a forging press, a conventional forging tool, a trapezoid upper and lower narrow anvil and other free forging equipment and tools shown in fig. 2. In the dimension embodiment of the scheme, namely, the four-claw hook body with the diagonal length C being about 3900mm, the horizontal section minimum enveloping flat square edge length A being about 3200mm, the height H being about 1950mm and the height difference T being about 200mm between the hook claw and the middle round platform is taken as an example, the forming method of the invention is described. The specific operation steps are as follows.
The first step: and designing forging and blank size parameters. The dimension C Forging piece ≥3950mm,A Forging piece ≥3300mm,H Forging piece ≈2000mm,T Forging piece of the marine four-claw hook body forge piece is less than or equal to 200mm (T Forging piece =200mm is selected).
When the upsetting ratio K is set to be approximately 1.8, the height H Blank material is approximately 3600mm, the side length A Blank material of the blank is more than or equal to 2480mm (selected A Blank material =2500 mm), and the diagonal length C Blank material of the blank is more than or equal to 2940mm (selected C Blank material =2950 mm).
And a second step of: prefabricating blanks. Blank one 11 shown in fig. 3 is prefabricated by conventional methods of upsetting, drawing, chamfering and the like, wherein a Blank material ≈2500mm,C Blank material is approximately equal to 2950mm.
And a third step of: and (5) pressing a groove. After the first blank 11 is heated and insulated, the first blank 11 is grooved by using the upper trapezoidal narrow anvil 21 and the lower trapezoidal narrow anvil 22 shown in fig. 2, the depth h Blank material is about 220mm, the second blank 12 shown in fig. 4 is obtained by cogging after the groove is pressed, and the length (i.e. the height before upsetting) L Blank material =H Blank material is about 3600mm of the blank after cogging.
Fourth step: upsetting. And (3) heating and preserving the heat of the second blank 12, vertically placing the second blank 12, upsetting the second blank 12, and obtaining a third blank 13 shown in fig. 5, wherein the height H Forging piece is approximately equal to 2000mm after upsetting.
Fifth step: and finishing the concave pressing gear. After the third blank 13 is heated and insulated, a narrow anvil is used for carrying out cross indentation on the upper plane of the third blank 13 (the indentation is carried out in two steps, namely, the blank is firstly pressed in one direction and then rotated by 90 degrees, and then the indentation is pressed), and the indentation depth T Forging piece is approximately equal to 200mm, so that the forge piece with the maximum side length A Forging piece and the maximum diagonal length C Forging piece shown in FIG. 6, namely, the fourth blank 14, is obtained.
Referring to fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the final technical effect is as follows: the resulting forging product, forging profile 31 of blank four 14, is compared with the envelope of hook profile 32 of a marine four-jaw hook, forging profile 31 is able to cover hook profile 32, and the tooling allowance between forging profile 31 is as small as possible compared to hook profile 32.
The free forging semi-profiling forging forming scheme of the complex-shaped product to be forged, which takes the large-sized marine four-claw hook body as an example, realizes the semi-profiling forging forming of the large-sized marine four-claw hook by means of a simple tool in a free forging mode, does not need a special complex die and special die forging equipment, has smaller residual amount of subsequent processing, can save materials and saves the processing cost of subsequent material removal.
The above description of the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings are only illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and its technical effects, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, and it is intended to claim all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A free forging semi-profiling forging forming method for forging a four-jaw hook body for a large ship, the method comprising:
forming a forging shape of the blank by a free forging press under the assistance of each tool;
Matching the product to be forged with the forging shape, combining the forging shape into a semi-profiling shape of the outline of the product to be forged so as to realize the semi-profiling molding of the product to be forged, and correspondingly selecting the working parameters of a corresponding tool, a corresponding blank and a corresponding free forging press according to the outline characteristics and the molding sequence of the product to be forged;
And comprises:
The first step: designing parameters of a hook body forge piece of a four-claw lifting hook for a large ship and parameters of a blank size;
and a second step of: prefabricating blanks;
and a third step of: the pressing groove adopts a trapezoid narrow anvil, the forging shape of the pressing groove by a free forging press is trapezoid, and the pressing groove is a tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks;
fourth step: upsetting, wherein the blank is subjected to upsetting by a free forging press on a flat anvil to form a forging shape of a drum shape with two thinner sides and a protruded middle part;
Fifth step: and finishing the indent block, wherein a rectangular narrow anvil is adopted, and the forging shape formed by the indent block by the free forging press is a rectangular groove, so that the tool combination for removing the shape residual blocks is adopted.
2. The free forging semi-profiling forging forming method according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the tool is an easy-to-process geometric figure, and the cross-sectional figure comprises a circle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a reverse right angle and a round angle, so that the tool in the form of a corresponding column or a hole or a column hole combination is formed.
3. The free forging half profiling forging forming method as recited in claim 1, wherein upsetting, drawing and chamfering are performed by using a free forging press by using a flat anvil, and the forging shape is rectangular or octagonal or circular.
4. The free forging half profiling forging forming method as recited in claim 1, wherein a simple tooling aid is used; by drawing, chamfering, grooving, upsetting or pressing the concave gear; by means of rectangular, trapezoidal, chamfer, round or drum shape, or a superposition thereof; and the semi-profiling forging which envelops the outline of the product to be forged is realized.
5. The free forging semi-profiling forging forming method as recited in claim 1, wherein the forging operation parameters to be considered in selecting the blank include an upsetting ratio from which the blank size is calculated.
6. The free forging semi-profiling forging forming method as recited in claim 1, wherein each single forging step includes working parameters of whether, what tooling is used, what forging is used, and forging working parameters include temperature, pressure, and stop size;
the arrangement sequence of the single forging steps.
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