CN113779491B - Debris flow hidden danger susceptibility analysis method - Google Patents

Debris flow hidden danger susceptibility analysis method Download PDF

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CN113779491B
CN113779491B CN202111051255.7A CN202111051255A CN113779491B CN 113779491 B CN113779491 B CN 113779491B CN 202111051255 A CN202111051255 A CN 202111051255A CN 113779491 B CN113779491 B CN 113779491B
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黄来源
廖海军
南赟
王惠芬
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Beijing Institute Of Geology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analyzing the vulnerability of debris flow hidden danger, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a river form characteristic value of a river basin; determining a debris flow susceptibility factor according to the river channel morphological characteristic value; river morphology feature value, including: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors of the debris flow. The invention relates to a river channel river basin area A d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method has the advantages that the debris flow hidden danger liability in the river basin is analyzed, the analysis dimension is reduced, meanwhile, the analysis index is an objective index, the objectivity and the accuracy of the debris flow hidden danger liability analysis are improved, and the defect of insufficient analysis accuracy caused by experience indexes is avoided.

Description

Debris flow hidden danger susceptibility analysis method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of debris flow, in particular to a method for analyzing hidden danger of debris flow.
Background
The debris flow disaster is a disaster caused by special flood which is excited by heavy rain, a large amount of ice and snow melt water or rapid surface runoff after burst of rivers, lakes and reservoirs in mountainous valleys, contains a large amount of solid debris substances such as sand, stones and the like, and has strong impact force and damage effect.
The existing debris flow hidden danger vulnerability analysis scheme is as follows: and determining 15 indexes of three factors affecting the one-time debris flow process, and judging whether the debris flow is the debris flow or not and the severity of the debris flow according to the values of the 15 indexes.
However, the 15 indexes cannot be quantified, and the index value needs to be determined empirically according to people, so that the use threshold of the existing method is improved, and the analysis accuracy of the existing method is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art, the invention provides a method for analyzing the vulnerability of debris flow.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
a method for analyzing susceptibility to debris flow hazards, the method comprising:
s101, obtaining a river morphology feature value of a river basin;
s102, determining a debris flow susceptibility factor according to the river morphology feature value; the river morphology feature value comprises: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min ；
S103, analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factor of the debris flow.
Optionally, the S102 includes:
s102-1, determining a standard area A of the river basin dl ＝A d /A m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein A is m Is a standard drainage basin area characteristic value;
s102-2, calculating the elongation ratio of the river basin
S102-3, calculating the average width B=A of the river basin dl /L；
S102-4, calculating the form factor K of the river basin f ＝B/L；
S102-5, calculating the relative height difference H=H of the river basin max -H min ；
S102-6, calculating the longitudinal ratio drop G of the river basin v ＝H/L；
S102-7, calculating the comprehensive characteristic factor F of the river basin g ＝K f *G v ；
S102-8, according to E r ，F g ，A dl Calculating the debris flow susceptibility factor I s 。
Optionally, the step S102-8 includes:
I s ＝F g *A dl /E r 。
optionally, the step S102-8 includes:
calculating the average gradient G of the river basin s ＝arctan(G v ) Wherein G is s The unit is degree;
according to G s Determining a gradient coefficient b;
determining the average depth D of a river channel;
I s ＝F g *A dl *15.3*D*b/(a*E r )；
wherein a is the resistance coefficient.
Optionally, according to G s Determining a gradient coefficient b, comprising:
if G s <5, b=1
If G is 5-less s <20, then
If 20 is less than or equal to G s <40, then
If G is 40-G s <42, then b=0.5;
if 42 is less than or equal to G s B=0.1.
Optionally, the step S103 includes:
obtaining a river geological feature value;
determining a debris flow geology factor according to the river geological feature value;
and analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor.
Optionally, the river geological feature value includes: matrix type, average air temperature, maximum rainfall per hour and slope base depth;
the matrix is selected from quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, biotite, albite, amphibole, pyroxene, anorthite, and olivine.
Optionally, the determining the geological factor of the debris flow according to the geological feature value of the river channel includes:
determining a matrix coefficient M according to a predefined corresponding relation between the matrix type and the matrix coefficient;
calculating climate coefficients
Determining a debris flow geology factor I according to the W and the depth of the slope base layer g 。
Optionally, determining the geological factor I of the debris flow according to the W and the depth of the slope base layer g Comprising:
optionally, the analyzing the susceptibility of the river basin to the debris flow hidden danger according to the susceptibility factor and the geological factor includes:
determining the susceptibility of the debris flow in the river basin according to the debris flow susceptibility factor and a preset susceptibility threshold and the relation between the debris flow geology factor and the preset geology threshold; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
and calculating the product of the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor, and determining the debris flow hidden danger susceptibility of the river basin according to the relation between the product and a preset hidden danger occurrence threshold.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention relates to a debris flow hidden trouble easy to occurThe method comprises the steps of (1) acquiring a river morphology feature value of a river basin; determining a debris flow susceptibility factor according to the river channel morphological characteristic value; river morphology feature value, including: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors of the debris flow. The invention is based on the area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method has the advantages that the debris flow hidden danger liability in the river basin is analyzed, the analysis dimension is reduced, meanwhile, the analysis index is an objective index, the objectivity and the accuracy of the debris flow hidden danger liability analysis are improved, and the defect of insufficient analysis accuracy caused by experience indexes is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for analyzing the susceptibility of debris flow according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an elongation ratio E according to an embodiment of the present invention r And standard area A dl A schematic of the relationship between the two;
FIG. 3 shows a form factor K according to an embodiment of the present invention f And standard area A dl A schematic of the relationship between the two;
FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal ratio drop G according to an embodiment of the present invention v And standard area A dl A schematic of the relationship between the two;
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention of a comprehensive feature factor F g And standard area A dl Schematic of the relationship between the two.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better explained by the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings.
The debris flow disaster is a disaster caused by special flood which is excited by heavy rain, a large amount of ice and snow melt water or rapid surface runoff after burst of rivers, lakes and reservoirs in mountainous valleys, contains a large amount of solid debris substances such as sand, stones and the like, and has strong impact force and damage effect.
The existing debris flow hidden danger vulnerability analysis scheme is as follows: and determining 15 indexes of three factors affecting the one-time debris flow process, and judging whether the debris flow is the debris flow or not and the severity of the debris flow according to the values of the 15 indexes. However, the 15 indexes cannot be quantified, and the index value needs to be determined empirically according to people, so that the use threshold of the existing method is improved, and the analysis accuracy of the existing method is affected.
Based on the method, the invention provides a method for analyzing the vulnerability of the debris flow to the occurrence, and the river morphology feature value of the river basin is obtained; determining a debris flow susceptibility factor according to the river channel morphological characteristic value; river morphology feature value, including: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors of the debris flow. The invention is based on the area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method has the advantages that the debris flow hidden danger liability in the river basin is analyzed, the analysis dimension is reduced, meanwhile, the analysis index is an objective index, the objectivity and the accuracy of the debris flow hidden danger liability analysis are improved, and the defect of insufficient analysis accuracy caused by experience indexes is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1, a specific implementation process of the method for analyzing the susceptibility of the debris flow to the hidden danger is described in this embodiment.
S101, obtaining a river morphology feature value of a river basin.
Wherein, river morphology feature value includes: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min 。
Area A of river basin d Is the projection area of the area on the plane in the closed watershed of the channel river basin.
Channel basin length L, axial length of channel basin. The length of the channel river basin can be generally cut by intersecting the main flow and the water diversion line, and the length of the connecting line of the points in each cut is the length of the river basin. The watershed length can generally be replaced with the main stream length, i.e., the main channel length.
The river form characteristic values are all predetermined, and are obtained by performing on-site exploration on the river basin by staff in normal weather. This step is only necessary to read the index that has been determined.
S102, determining debris flow susceptibility factors according to the river morphology feature values.
The specific determination scheme is as follows:
s102-1, determining a standard area A of a river basin dl ＝A d /A m 。
Wherein A is m Is a standard drainage basin area characteristic value. A is that m Is predetermined by the staff.
By means of statistics of 26 debris flow hidden danger channel drainage basin area index data of the upstream drainage basin of the North-Huai town large sand river, the maximum value of the sample channel drainage basin area is 6.3, the minimum value is 0.18, the arithmetic average value is 1.39, the average deviation is 0.91, and the median is 0.96. Sample flow area A d Mainly focus on [0.18,1.78 ]]Interval, the duty ratio is 80%, based on which the sample standard flow area characteristic value A can be obtained m ＝0.96km 2 。A m Is a dimensionless unit value of the sample flow field area.
S102-2, calculating elongation ratio of river basin
Elongation ratio E r The smaller the elongation ratio, the more elongated the flow field tends to be, which is the ratio of the diameter of a circle having an area equal to the area of the channel flow field to the length of the channel flow field.
The longer the shape of the river basin is, the more gentle the runoff change is, and the large flood is not easy to cause.
Elongation ratio E r The main ditch is a long and narrow ditch with no dimension parameter according to the hydrology principle, and the converging time of the main ditch is longer than that of the flat ditch, which is not beneficial to the rapid convergence of surface runoffs.
Elongation ratio E r And standard area A dl The relationship is shown in FIG. 2 according toDetermining a coefficient R according to the fitting result of the optimized trend line 2 ＝0.0368。
S102-3, calculating the average width B=A of the river basin dl /L。
S102-4, calculating form factor K of river basin f ＝B/L。
The correlation between the channel form factor and the water collecting speed in the channel river basin is high, and the closer the parameter is to 1, the closer the shape of the river basin is to a square, so that the rapid concentration of surface runoffs in the river basin is facilitated. The parameter is a dimensionless parameter.
By analyzing the above statistical data, the form factor K f And standard area A dl The relationship is shown in FIG. 3, form factor K f And area A d Index distribution is dispersed, and the form factor K is obtained through data trend fitting optimization f And standard area A dl Fitting by power function to determine coefficient R 2 = 0.0368, determining coefficient R 2 The value range is between 0 and 1, R 2 When the value is equal to or close to 1, the fitting degree between the estimated value of the trend line and the corresponding actual data is high, and the reliability of the trend line is higher, and conversely, the reliability is lower.
S102-5, calculating a relative height difference H=H of river basin max -H min 。
S102-6, calculating the longitudinal ratio drop G of the river basin v ＝H/L。
Longitudinal ratio drop G v The ratio of the relative height difference to the channel length is a dimensionless parameter, and the parameter is positively related to the flow speed and energy of the debris flow in the debris flow process according to the law of conservation of energy. The larger the parameter, the greater the impact force and damage degree caused by the debris flow.
By analyzing the statistical data, the longitudinal ratio is reduced by G v And standard area A dl The relation is shown in FIG. 4, the aspect ratio drops G v And standard area A dl The distribution basically presents a power function relation, and appears along with the standard area A dl Increase in aspect ratio decrease G v Law of decrease, decrease in aspect ratio G v And standard area A dl Fitting according to a power functionThe trend lines show a certain correlation and are distributed in G v ＝0.251A dl -0.28 ，G v *A dl 0.28 Curves on both sides of =0.251.
S102-7, calculating comprehensive characteristic factors F of river channels g ＝K f *G v 。
Form factor K of river basin according to hydrologic principle f The longitudinal ratio of the river basin is reduced G v Is related to the energy level of a mountain torrent mud-rock flow process. Form factor K f Decrease in longitudinal ratio G v Controlling the start-up and process characteristics of the debris flow process. According to the analysis result, the embodiment introduces the comprehensive characteristic factor F of the river basin g So that it contains the form factor K of the form characteristic of the channel horizontal direction f And further comprises a longitudinal ratio drop G reflecting morphological characteristics of the vertical direction of the channel v 。
By analyzing the statistical data, the characteristic factors F are synthesized g And standard area A dl The relationship of (2) is shown in FIG. 5. According to the optimized fitting result F g ＝0.0633A dl -0.202 Comprehensive feature factor F g And standard area A dl Has obvious correlation distribution rule, and the samples are distributed in F g *A dl 0.202 Two sides of the =0.0633 curve. The larger the standard flow area is, the comprehensive characteristic factor F g And correspondingly smaller.
S102-8 according to E r ，F g ，A dl Calculating debris flow susceptibility factor I s 。
Standard area A of river basin according to debris flow definition and generation principle dl Determining the quantity of water collection and the quantity of material sources in the research range, and the form factor K f For influence of river basin on catchment speed and object source starting characteristics, longitudinal ratio is reduced by G v Is related to the energy level of the mountain torrent mud-rock flow process. In conclusion, form factor K f Decrease in longitudinal ratio G v Controlling the movement characteristics of the debris flow process, and influencing the water quantity and the rock-soil mass in the debris flow substances by the area of the channel flow domainSource amount. Due to the integral feature factor F g I.e. form factor K comprising channel horizontal form features f And further comprises a longitudinal ratio drop G reflecting morphological characteristics of the vertical direction of the channel v Thus F g The hidden danger of the debris flow in the river basin is directly reflected.
In addition, elongation ratio E r The long and narrow river basin forms are reflected, the converging time of the long and narrow river basin is longer than that of the flat river basin, and the rapid converging of surface runoffs is not facilitated. Elongation ratio E r And the hidden danger of the debris flow in the river basin can be reflected.
A complete debris flow process in principle requires two pre-space system conditions on the time axis, which can also be called background factors, namely a channel system and an object source system, wherein the object source system exists in the channel system, and the debris flow susceptibility factor I s I.e. comprising the integral feature factor F g And can pass through elongation ratio E r And standard area A dl Reflects the important effect of influencing the object source by the area of the river basin, and can reflect the liability of the hidden danger of the debris flow.
Specifically, I s There are two calculation schemes, and one can be selected according to the specific situation when the calculation scheme is implemented.
First implementation, I s ＝F g *A dl /E r 。
A second implementation mode, 1) calculating the average gradient G of the river basin s ＝arctan(G v ) Wherein G is s The units are degrees. 2) According to G s And determining a gradient coefficient b. 3) And determining the average depth D of the river channel. 4) I s ＝F g *A dl *15.3*D*b/(a*E r )。
Wherein a is the resistance coefficient. The drag coefficient is predetermined and is obtained by the field exploration of the river basin by staff in normal weather. This step is only necessary to read the coefficients that have been determined.
In addition, the average depth D of the river channel is also predetermined, and is obtained by performing on-site exploration on the river channel river basin by workers in normal weather. This step is only necessary to read the index that has been determined.
According to G s The implementation process for determining the gradient coefficient b is as follows:
if G is not less than 3 s <5, b=1
If G is 5-less s <20, then
If 20 is less than or equal to G s <40, then
If G is 40-G s <42, b=0.5.
If 42 is less than or equal to G s Or G s <3, b=0.1.
The gradient is a main factor affecting whether the debris flow occurs or not, and can affect the supply mode, the quantity and the scale of the debris flow. Advantageously, the slope of the solid material is provided between 20 degrees and 40 degrees, so that the value of b corresponding to 20 degrees to 40 degrees is maximum.
The slope is between 3 degrees and 5 degrees, between 3 degrees and 20 degrees, or between 40 degrees and 42 degrees, which also provides solid matter for debris flow, but does not provide as much as between 20 degrees and 40 degrees, so the b values corresponding to 3 degrees and 5 degrees, between 3 degrees and 20 degrees, or between 40 degrees and 42 degrees, although different, are not as great as the b values corresponding to 20 degrees and 40 degrees.
And when the slope is greater than 45 degrees, it is difficult for the solid matter to cover the river basin of the slope, and thus, the possibility of providing the solid matter for the debris flow is reduced. When the gradient is less than 3 degrees, although it can cover the solid matter, since the gradient is slow, the possibility of forming the debris flow is extremely low, and thus, when the gradient is more than 45 degrees, or less than 3 degrees, b is reduced to 0.1.
S103, analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors of the debris flow.
This step can be performed according to I s Comparing with a preset threshold value, according to I s With a preset thresholdThe relation of the values determines the hidden danger of the debris flow.
Wherein the preset threshold value may be a value, at which time I s If the number is larger than the value, the easy occurrence is determined, and if the number is not larger than the value, the difficult occurrence is determined. Or a plurality of values, namely corresponding intervals corresponding to the plurality of values, wherein different intervals correspond to different liabilities, I s In which section, the vulnerability of that section is taken as the final vulnerability.
In addition, the step can analyze the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors and geological factors of the debris flow.
For example, a river geological feature is obtained first. And then determining the geological factor of the debris flow according to the geological feature value of the river channel. And finally analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors and geological factors of the debris flow.
Wherein, river course geological feature value includes: matrix type, average air temperature, maximum rainfall per hour and slope base depth.
The matrix is selected from quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, biotite, albite, amphibole, pyroxene, anorthite, and olivine.
The matrix type directly characterizes the soil texture, the resistance degree of different soil textures to rain water flushing is different, the quantity of the flushed solid matters is different, and the condition of supplying the solid matters for the debris flow is different, so that the contribution of different matrix types to the formation of the debris flow is different.
Therefore, when the geological factor of the debris flow is determined according to the geological feature value of the river channel,
1) And determining a matrix coefficient M according to a predefined corresponding relation between the matrix type and the matrix coefficient.
Wherein, the corresponding relation between the matrix type and the matrix coefficient is predetermined by the staff, and different matrix types correspond to different matrix coefficients. The matrix coefficients characterize the extent to which the matrix type contributes to the formation of the debris flow. The larger the matrix coefficient, the greater the contribution. For example, the matrix coefficients for quartz, muscovite, potash feldspar, biotite, albite, amphibole, pyroxene, anorthite, and olivine increase in order.
In addition, the quality type, the average air temperature, the maximum rainfall per hour and the slope base depth are also determined in advance, and are obtained by carrying out on-site exploration on the river basin by staff in normal weather. This step is only necessary to read the index that has been determined.
The maximum rainfall amount per hour can be the maximum rainfall amount per hour throughout the year, or the maximum rainfall amount per hour in rainy seasons.
2) Calculating climate coefficients
3) Determining a debris flow geology factor I according to W and the depth of a slope base layer g 。
And when the susceptibility of the debris flow in the river basin is analyzed according to the susceptibility factors and the geological factors, determining the susceptibility of the debris flow in the river basin according to the relationships between the susceptibility factors and the preset threshold value and the relationship between the geological factors and the preset threshold value. Or calculating the product of the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor, and determining the debris flow hidden danger susceptibility of the river basin according to the relation between the product and the preset hidden danger occurrence threshold.
The susceptibility threshold, the geological threshold and the hidden danger occurrence threshold may be all a value, at this time, the corresponding factors (the debris flow susceptibility factors or the debris flow geological factors) are all larger than the value, and the susceptibility is determined, and if one is not larger than the value, the susceptibility is determined. Or, if one of the corresponding factors (the debris flow susceptibility factor or the debris flow geology factor) is larger than the numerical value, the susceptibility is determined, and if both factors are not larger than the numerical value, the susceptibility is determined. Or if the product of the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor is larger than the hidden danger occurrence threshold, determining that the debris flow susceptibility factor is easy to occur, otherwise, determining that the debris flow geology factor is not easy to occur.
The susceptibility threshold, the geology threshold and the hidden danger occurrence threshold may be a plurality of values, that is, the number of the intervals corresponding to the plurality of values corresponds to different susceptibility, and the susceptibility of the interval is regarded as the final susceptibility when the corresponding factor (the debris flow susceptibility factor, or the debris flow geology factor, or the product of the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor) is located in which interval. If there are 2 different susceptibility, the highest susceptibility may be selected as the final susceptibility.
Unquantifiable parameters, difficult-to-quantify parameters and quantifiable parameters exist in the traditional debris flow susceptibility evaluation indexes. The susceptibility evaluation standard has low objectivity of N value, and the evaluation N value of different people on different channels has low comparability. The debris flow channel characteristic factors have the characteristics of objectively and quantitatively based data, and the data confidence level is high. Under the same meteorological system condition, the characteristic factors of the debris flow channel are in specific connection with the occurrence process of the debris flow.
Background factors influencing the debris flow process comprise a channel system and an object source system, and a comprehensive characteristic factor F is established g On the basis of (1) through debris flow susceptibility factor I s So that it contains form factor K f And a longitudinal ratio drop G v And can pass through elongation ratio E r And standard area A dl Reflecting the important role of the river basin area in influencing the source of matter.
In addition, the geological features reflect the condition of replenishing the solid matters of the debris flow, so the proposal passes through the geological factor I of the debris flow g The geological characteristics of river courses are characterized, and the contribution of solid matters to the formation of debris flow is reflected.
According to the method for analyzing the vulnerability of the debris flow, provided by the embodiment, the river morphology feature value of the river basin is obtained; determining a debris flow susceptibility factor according to the river channel morphological characteristic value; river morphology feature value, including: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum pointAltitude H min The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factors of the debris flow. The method is based on the area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min The method has the advantages that the debris flow hidden danger liability in the river basin is analyzed, the analysis dimension is reduced, meanwhile, the analysis index is an objective index, the objectivity and the accuracy of the debris flow hidden danger liability analysis are improved, and the defect of insufficient analysis accuracy caused by experience indexes is avoided.
In order that the above-described aspects may be better understood, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions.
It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the terms first, second, third, etc. are for convenience of description only and do not denote any order. These terms may be understood as part of the component name.
Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example being included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art upon learning the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims should be construed to include preferred embodiments and all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention should also include such modifications and variations provided that they come within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. The method for analyzing the susceptibility of the debris flow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, obtaining a river morphology feature value of a river basin;
s102, determining a debris flow susceptibility factor according to the river morphology feature value; the river morphology feature value comprises: area A of river basin d Length L, highest altitude H max Minimum altitude H min ；
The S102 includes:
s102-1, determining a standard area A of the river basin dl ＝A d /A m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein A is m Is a standard drainage basin area characteristic value;
s102-2, calculating the elongation ratio of the river basin
S102-3, calculating the average width B=A of the river basin dl /L；
S102-4, calculating the form factor K of the river basin f ＝B/L；
S102-5, calculating the relative height difference H=H of the river basin max -H min ；
S102-6, calculating the longitudinal ratio drop G of the river basin v ＝H/L；
S102-7, calculating the comprehensive characteristic factor F of the river basin g ＝K f *G v ；
S102-8, according to E r ，F g ，A dl Calculating the debris flow susceptibility factor I s ；
The S102-8 comprises the following steps:
I s ＝F g *A dl /E r ；
s103, analyzing the hidden danger liability of the debris flow in the river basin according to the debris flow susceptibility factor;
the step S103 includes:
obtaining a river geological feature value;
determining a debris flow geology factor according to the river geological feature value;
analyzing the susceptibility of the debris flow in the river basin according to the susceptibility factor and the geological factor of the debris flow;
the river geological feature value comprises: matrix type, average air temperature, maximum rainfall per hour and slope base depth;
the matrix type is quartz, muscovite, potassium feldspar, biotite, albite, amphibole, pyroxene, anorthite, and olivine;
the step of determining the debris flow geology factor according to the river geological feature value comprises the following steps:
determining a matrix coefficient M according to a predefined corresponding relation between the matrix type and the matrix coefficient;
calculating climate coefficients
Determining a debris flow geology factor I according to the W and the depth of the slope base layer g 。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein S102-8 comprises:
calculating the average gradient G of the river basin s ＝arctan(G v ) Wherein G is s The unit is degree;
according to G s Determining a gradient coefficient b;
determining the average depth D of a river channel;
I s ＝F g *A dl *15.3*D*b/(a*E r )；
wherein a is the resistance coefficient.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining according to G s Determining a gradient coefficient b, comprising:
if G s <5, b=1
If G is 5-less s <20, then
If 20 is less than or equal to G s <40, then
If G is 40-G s <42, then b=0.5;
if 42 is less than or equal to G s B=0.1.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the debris flow geology factor I from the W and the hill substrate depth g Comprising:
5. the method of claim 1, wherein said analyzing the susceptibility of the river basin to debris flow according to the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor comprises:
determining the susceptibility of the debris flow in the river basin according to the debris flow susceptibility factor and a preset susceptibility threshold and the relation between the debris flow geology factor and the preset geology threshold; or alternatively, the process may be performed,
and calculating the product of the debris flow susceptibility factor and the debris flow geology factor, and determining the debris flow hidden danger susceptibility of the river basin according to the relation between the product and a preset hidden danger occurrence threshold.
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