CN113777912B - Strip steel oxidation prevention control method for preheating non-oxidation furnace - Google Patents
Strip steel oxidation prevention control method for preheating non-oxidation furnace Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to an anti-strip steel oxidation control method for preheating an oxidation-free furnace, wherein a preheating section is provided with a supplementing air regulating valve, and a flue is internally provided with a fuel gas content analyzer and O 2 A content analyzer, the method comprising the steps of: s1, calculating gas and H which are introduced into the non-oxidation section 2 Just burn out the theoretical air quantity F needed to be supplemented PhAirL The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S2, setting an excess coefficient G, and according to the excess coefficient G and the theoretical air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirL Calculate the actual air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirS The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S3, calculating the calculated actual air quantity F required to be supplemented PhAirS As a set value of the air-conditioning valve PID controller, the air-conditioning valve PID controller output acts on the make-up air-conditioning valve. According to the invention, the oxygen content and the gas content in the flue are monitored, and the cascade PID control is utilized to realize automatic closed-loop control of the flow of the post-combustion air in the preheating section, so that the system can automatically control the oxygen content of the preheating non-oxidation furnace while ensuring the safety of the flue, thereby realizing the non-oxidation heating function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to an anti-strip steel oxidation control method for preheating an oxidation-free furnace.
Background
The preheating non-oxidizing furnace is a heating furnace with inert protective atmosphere, which can prevent the strip steel from being oxidized in the heating process, and has the characteristics of high heating efficiency and high speed. The preheating non-oxidation furnace adopts an open fire heating mode, and coke oven gas or natural gas is mostly used.
The furnace section is divided into a preheating section and an oxidation-free section: the non-oxidation section is a main heating section, and in order to realize the non-oxidation function of heating, the non-oxidation section adopts a mode of matching fuel gas with air and moderately excessive fuel gas for combustion; without excessive gas components in the oxidation section and H added in the post-process section due to the process requirement 2 Equal combustible gasOnly finally burned, the fuel can be safely discharged, so a preheating section is arranged, and a proper amount of air is supplemented for burning out the residual combustible gas. The flue is disposed at the inlet of the preheating section so that the combustion exhaust is drawn therefrom for discharge.
However, in actual production, the furnace conditions are changed continuously, and H 2 When the combustible gas is blown to the front of the furnace along with the gas flow from the post-process section, hysteresis exists, so that the air fed into the preheating furnace is often inaccurate. If the total amount of air fed into the preheating furnace is insufficient, combustible gas enters the flue, so that serious potential safety hazard is generated; if the air is excessively supplied, the strip steel is oxidized in the preheating section, and the performance of the strip steel is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a strip steel oxidation prevention control method for preheating an oxidation-free furnace, which ensures that the minimum oxygen content of the preheating section is ensured by monitoring the oxygen content and the change of the gas content in a flue under the condition of ensuring that the gas content of the flue is almost zero and utilizing an algorithm to ensure that the minimum oxygen content of the preheating oxidation-free furnace is ensured and strip steel oxidation is prevented.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is an anti-strip steel oxidation control method for preheating an oxidation-free furnace, wherein a preheating section of the oxidation-free furnace is provided with a supplementing air regulating valve for regulating air flow supplementing the preheating section, and a flue is internally provided with a device for measuring fuel gas content and O in real time 2 The content analyzer, the control method includes the following steps:
s1, calculating gas and H which are introduced into the non-oxidation section 2 Just burn out the theoretical air quantity F needed to be supplemented PhAirL ；
S2, establishing a fuel gas content PID controller and O 2 A content PID controller; the parameters of the fuel gas content PID controller comprise an actual measurement value PV Gas combustion Set value SV Gas combustion Output value MV Gas combustion The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The O is 2 The parameters of the content PID controller include actual measured values
Set value->
Output value->
The cascade PID control method is adopted, a fuel gas content PID controller is used as a cascade large loop, O 2 The content PID controller is used as a cascade small loop, when O 2 When the content PID controller is set in a cascade state, the output value MV of the content PID controller is calculated according to the fuel gas Gas combustion Calculate O 2 Setting value of content PID controller
S3, setting the surplus coefficient G and setting a value
And actual measured value +.>
Delivery to O 2 Content PID controller, via O 2 The content PID controller outputs according to the output value +.>
Converting to obtain an excess coefficient G; />
Based on the coefficient of excess G and the theoretical air quantity F to be fed PhAirL Calculate the actual air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirS ；
S4, calculating the calculated actual air quantity F required to be supplemented PhAirS As a set value of the air-conditioning valve PID controller, the air-conditioning valve PID controller output acts on the make-up air-conditioning valve.
Further, in the step S1, the theoretical air quantity F to be fed in is required PhAirL The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
measuring in real time the air flow F to the non-oxidized section NofAir Gas flow F Gas combustion And H 2 Flow rate
Calculating theoretical air-gas ratio M Gas combustion And theoretical air hydrogen ratio->
The theoretical air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirL The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
further, in the step S2, the O 2 Set point SV of content PID controller O2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Further, the parameters of the fuel gas content PID controller also comprise a proportion parameter P Gas combustion Integral parameter I Gas combustion Differential parameter D Gas combustion And the proportion parameter P Gas combustion Integral parameter I Gas combustion Differential parameter D Gas combustion And calculating and setting in real time by adopting a fuzzy PID control algorithm.
Further, in the step S3, the conversion formula of the excess coefficient G is:
further, in the step S3, the actual air quantity F to be fed in is calculated PhAirS The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
F PhAirS ＝F PhAirL ×(1+G)。
further, the fuel gas is coke oven gas or natural gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention utilizes the content of flue gas and O 2 The measurement of the content and the cascade PID control method realize the automatic closed-loop control of the flow of the post-combustion air in the preheating section, so that the system can automatically control the oxygen content of the preheating non-oxidation furnace while ensuring the safety of the flue so as to realize the non-oxidation heating function.
(2) The invention can effectively reduce the influence of the controller on the afterburning control hysteresis of the preheating section by utilizing the fuzzy PID control algorithm, and improve the reliability of the control effect of the system;
(3) The invention utilizes the combination of the two controls to ensure that the air quantity fed in the preheating section is the lowest, thereby ensuring the lowest oxygen content of the preheating non-oxidation furnace and preventing the strip steel from being oxidized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preheating non-oxidizing furnace in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a control process diagram (when coke oven gas is used as fuel gas) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the preheating non-oxidizing furnace of the embodiment is divided into a preheating section and a non-oxidizing section, and the strip steelFrom the preheating section to the non-oxidizing section, excessive fuel gas components in the non-oxidizing section and H added in the post-process section due to process requirement 2 The combustible gas flows to the preheating section and is discharged through a flue at the inlet of the preheating section; the configuration of the non-oxidation section respectively measures the gas flow, the combustion air flow and H of the gas introduced into the non-oxidation section in real time 2 A flow monitor; the preheating section is provided with a supplementing air regulating valve for regulating supplementing air flow to the preheating section, and an O is arranged in a flue at the inlet of the preheating section 2 Content analyzer and gas content analyzer (CO content analyzer is configured if the gas is coke oven gas; CH is configured if the gas is natural gas) 4 Content analyzer), O 2 Content analyzer and gas content analyzer real-time detection O in flue 2 Content and gas content, and is transferred to O 2 A content PID controller and a fuel gas content PID controller; empirically, CO/CH 4 The content control range is 0-300 ppm, O 2 The content control range is 0-10%.
The embodiment provides a control method for preventing strip steel oxidation for preheating an oxidation-free furnace, which is described by taking coke oven gas as an example, and is similar to natural gas when the gas is natural gas, and is not described in detail herein; the process gas adopts H 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the As shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, measuring air flow F introduced into the non-oxidation section in real time NofAir Flow rate F of coke oven gas co And H 2 Flow rate
Calculating a theoretical air-gas ratio F co And theoretical air hydrogen ratio->
Calculating coke oven gas and H which are introduced into the non-oxidation section 2 Just burn out the theoretical air quantity F needed to be supplemented PhAirL The formula is:
F PhAirL ＝F co ×M co +F H2 ×M H2 -F NofAir ；
s2, in PLCEstablishing a PID controller for CO content and O in a control system 2 Content PID controller, wherein each parameter of the CO content PID controller is an actual measurement value PV CO Set value SV CO Output value MV CO (MV CO ∈[0,100]) Proportional parameter P CO Integral parameter I CO Differential parameter D CO ，O 2 The parameters of the content PID controller are respectively the actual measured value PV O2 (maximum value of measuring range PH O2 ) Set value SV O2 Output value MV O2 
Wherein the actual measurement value PV CO And the actual measurement value PV O2 From a CO content analyzer and O respectively 2 The content analyzer detects in real time and then transmits the detected content to a corresponding controller;
the cascade PID control method is adopted, a CO content PID controller is used as a cascade large loop, O 2 The content PID controller is used as a cascade small loop, when O 2 When the content PID controller is set in a cascade state, O is calculated 2 Setting value of content PID controller
The formula is: />
I.e. O 2 Content PID controller set value +.>
Output value MV by CO content PID controller CO Size determination;
empirically, the actual measurement value PV of the PID controller for CO content CO Measuring range of 0-300 ppm, O 2 Actual measurement value PV of content PID controller O2 The measuring range is 0-10%; set value SV of CO content PID controller CO Typically given as 50ppm;
because the control of the CO content PID controller on the post combustion of the preheating section has certain hysteresis, the overshoot of the controller is easy to generate, so that the CO content of the flue exceeds the standardHas influence on the safety of the flue, so the proportion parameter P of the PID controller of the CO content CO Integral parameter I CO Differential parameter D CO The calculation and real-time setting are carried out by adopting a fuzzy PID control algorithm, and the specific method is as follows:
comprehensively considering the scanning time of a PLC control system and the change rate of CO content fluctuation, and setting the PV CO The time period t (which may be set to 0.2s in general) of (a) to calculate PV CO Time change ΔPV of (a) CO ＝PV CO (t+1)–PV CO (t) time Change Rate EPV CO ＝ΔPV CO (t+1)–ΔPV CO (t); the PLC control system uses the delta PV CO EPV (expanded polypropylene) CO Performing blurring processing, executing a PID parameter blurring self-setting program, and calculating to obtain PID parameters;
PID parameter fuzzy self-tuning is to find out the proportion parameter P CO Integral parameter I CO Differential parameter D CO And ΔPV CO And EPV (expanded polypropylene) CO The fuzzy relation between them is detected by continuously detecting DeltaPV in operation CO And EPV (expanded polypropylene) CO Fuzzy reasoning is carried out by utilizing fuzzy rules, and a fuzzy matrix table is inquired to carry out online modification on three parameters so as to meet different delta PV CO And EPV (expanded polypropylene) CO The different requirements on control parameters are met, so that the controlled object has good dynamic and static properties;
the PID parameters must take into account the roles of the three parameters at different times and the relationship to each other; definition of ΔPV CO And EPV (expanded polypropylene) CO And outputting the linguistic variable q (i.e., P CO 、I CO 、D CO ) The fuzzy subsets of (a) are { NB, NM, NS, ZO, PS, PM, PB }, the elements in the subsets represent negative large, negative medium, negative small, zero, positive small, medium, positive large, respectively.
As shown in tables 1-3, according to manual technical knowledge and actual operation experience, a proper fuzzy rule table is established to obtain a target P CO 、I CO 、D CO A fuzzy control table of three parameters;
table 1P CO Is a fuzzy rule table of (a)
Table 2I CO Is a fuzzy rule table of (a)
Table 3D CO Is a fuzzy rule table of (a)
The fuzzy rule table contains 49 fuzzy rules, the relation of the fuzzy sentences is OR, and the control quantity q1 can be calculated by the control rule determined by the first sentence. Similarly, the control amounts q2, …, q49 can be obtained from the remaining respective sentences, and the fuzzy set q of control amounts can be expressed as: q=q1+q2+ … +q49;
according to the thought, the control quantity can be changed from the fuzzy quantity to the accurate quantity; in order to obtain accurate control quantity, a weighted average deblurring method is adopted, and for each element (i=1, 2, …, n) in the theoretical domain, the weighted coefficient is used as a weighted coefficient of membership of an output fuzzy set to be judged, namely, a product is obtained, and then the average value of the product and the sum of membership is calculated; the average value is the decision result obtained by the weighted average method for the fuzzy set, thereby obtaining the corresponding delta P CO 、ΔI CO 、ΔD CO Then substitutes into P CO ＝P′ CO +ΔP CO ,I CO ＝I′ CO +ΔI CO ,D CO ＝D′ CO +ΔD CO (P′ CO 、I′ CO 、D′ CO PID parameters of the previous moment), substituting the calculation result into the CO content PID controller, and setting the value SV CO And CO content analyzerActual measurement value PV of time detection CO Transmitting to a CO content PID controller, outputting by the CO content PID controller to obtain an output value MV CO And transmitting the result to the association operation controller; MV is then added CO Substitution of O 2 Setting value of content PID controller
O is obtained by the calculation formula of (2) 2 Setting value of content PID controller ∈>
S3, setting an excess coefficient G, and then the required actual air quantity F is supplemented PhAirS ＝F PhAirL X (1+G); and the excess coefficient G is represented by O 2 Output value of content PID controller
Obtained by conversion, i.e. the excess coefficient G is subjected to O 2 Controlling the content PID controller; according to experience, the range of the excess coefficient G is-0.2 to 0.5, and then the conversion formula is +.>
Wherein O is 2 Output value of content PID controller +.>
From O 2 Setting value of content PID controller ∈>
And O 2 Real-time detected actual measurement value of content analyzer>
Run PID algorithm and then run the PID algorithm on O 2 The output of the content PID controller is obtained and the content PID controller is obtained by>
Substituting the conversion formula of the excess coefficient G to obtain the excess coefficient G, and substituting F PhAirS F is obtained by the calculation formula of (2) PhAirS ；
S4, calculating the calculated actual air quantity F required to be supplemented PhAirS As a set value of the air regulating valve PID controller, the output of the air regulating valve PID controller acts on the supplementing air regulating valve, and the air flow supplementing to the preheating section is regulated through the air regulating valve, so that the excessive coke oven gas and H entering the preheating section are caused 2 Just burn out and finally realize the accurate control of the non-oxidizing atmosphere in the furnace.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for preventing strip steel from oxidizing for preheating an oxidation-free furnace is characterized in that a preheating section of the preheating oxidation-free furnace is provided with a supplementing air regulating valve for regulating air flow supplementing the preheating section, and a flue is internally provided with a device for measuring fuel gas content and O in real time 2 The content analyzer, the control method includes the following steps:
s1, calculating gas and H which are introduced into the non-oxidation section 2 Just burn out the theoretical air quantity F needed to be supplemented PhAirL ；
S2, establishing a fuel gas content PID controller and O 2 A content PID controller; the parameters of the fuel gas content PID controller comprise an actual measurement value PV Gas combustion Set value SV Gas combustion Output value MV Gas combustion The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The O is 2 The parameters of the content PID controller include actual measured values
Set value->
Output value->
The cascade PID control method is adopted, a fuel gas content PID controller is used as a cascade large loop, O 2 The content PID controller is used as a cascade small loop, when O 2 When the content PID controller is set in a cascade state, the output value MV of the content PID controller is calculated according to the fuel gas Gas combustion Calculate O 2 Setting value of content PID controller
S3, setting the surplus coefficient G and setting a value
And actual measured value +.>
Delivery to O 2 Content PID controller, via O 2 The content PID controller outputs according to the output value +.>
Converting to obtain an excess coefficient G;
based on the coefficient of excess G and the theoretical air quantity F to be fed PhAirL Calculate the actual air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirS ；
S4, calculating the calculated actual air quantity F required to be supplemented PhAirS As a set value of the air-conditioning valve PID controller, the air-conditioning valve PID controller output acts on the make-up air-conditioning valve.
2. The method for controlling oxidation of a strip steel for preheating a non-oxidizing furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein in said step S1, a theoretical air quantity F is required to be fed in PhAirL The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
measuring in real time the air flow F to the non-oxidized section NofAir Gas flow F Gas combustion And H 2 Flow rate
Calculating theoretical air-gas ratio M Gas combustion And theoretical air hydrogen ratio->
The theoretical air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirL The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
3. the method for controlling oxidation of a strip steel for preheating a non-oxidizing furnace of claim 1, wherein in said step S2, said O 2 Set point SV of content PID controller O2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein->
Is the maximum value of the measuring range.
4. The method for controlling the oxidation of a strip steel for preheating an oxidation-free furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the parameters of the fuel gas content PID controller also comprise a proportion parameter P Gas combustion Integral parameter I Gas combustion Differential parameter D Gas combustion And the proportion parameter P Gas combustion Integral parameter I Gas combustion Differential parameter D Gas combustion And calculating and setting in real time by adopting a fuzzy PID control algorithm.
5. The method for controlling oxidation of a strip steel for preheating a non-oxidizing furnace of claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the conversion formula of the excess coefficient G is:
6. the method for controlling the oxidation of a strip steel for preheating an oxidation-free furnace according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the actual air quantity F to be supplemented PhAirS The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
F PhAirS ＝F PhAirL ×(1+G)。
7. the method for controlling the oxidation of a strip steel for preheating an oxidation-free furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the fuel gas is coke oven gas or natural gas.
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