CN113776872B - Detection sampling method for environmental pollutants - Google Patents
Detection sampling method for environmental pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- CN113776872B CN113776872B CN202110133052.6A CN202110133052A CN113776872B CN 113776872 B CN113776872 B CN 113776872B CN 202110133052 A CN202110133052 A CN 202110133052A CN 113776872 B CN113776872 B CN 113776872B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants, which comprises the following steps: s100: acquiring a picture of a polluted area: acquiring pictures of the environmental pollution area by using unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography and uploading the pictures to a ground computer terminal; s200: and (3) grid division of a pollution area: carrying out gridding division on the acquired aerial photo according to the pollution degree by using a gridding division system; s300: collecting the polluted soil: carry out soil sampling to contaminated area with artifical sampling mode, the pollutant sample that will get is packed into sample and is held the device and the censorship. According to the invention, the polluted area is divided by the system, so that sampling can be carried out purposefully during manual sampling, classified sampling can be carried out according to the pollution degree, and the sampling efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pollutant sampling, in particular to a method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants.
Background
The environmental pollutants refer to substances which change the normal composition and properties of the environment after entering the environment, are directly or indirectly harmful to human survival or cause the decline of the natural ecological environment, and are the objects of environmental monitoring research. Most environmental pollutants are produced by human production and living activities. Some substances are originally useful substances in production, even nutrient elements necessary for people and organisms, and are discharged in large quantity due to underutilization, so that not only is the waste of resources caused, but also the substances can become environmental pollutants.
At present, chemical plants are disorderly arranged and disorderly placed, pollution surfaces of soil caused by pollution stealing and discharging of some chemical plants are huge and scattered, pollution of some places is serious, pollution of some places is light, the current sampling mode of people for the polluted soil can only carry out sampling blindly, and classification sampling detection cannot be carried out according to the severity of the polluted soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants, which divides a polluted area through a system, so that sampling can be carried out purposefully during manual sampling, classified sampling can be carried out according to the pollution degree, the sampling efficiency is improved, and the problems in the background art are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants comprises the following steps:
s100: acquiring a picture of a polluted area: acquiring pictures of the environmental pollution area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle for aerial photography and uploading the pictures to a ground computer terminal;
s200: and (3) grid division of a pollution area: carrying out gridding division on the acquired aerial photo according to the pollution degree by using a gridding division system;
s300: collecting the polluted soil: carry out soil sampling to contaminated area with artifical sampling mode, the pollutant sample that will get is packed into sample and is held the device and the censorship.
Further, the unmanned aerial vehicle of S100 carries 4G/5G communication module, transmits to ground computer terminal through 4G/5G network.
Further, the grid division system of S200 includes a picture identification module, a picture analysis module, a picture sorting module, a picture division module, a picture numbering module, and a coordinate calibration module, wherein an output end of the picture identification module is connected to an input end of the picture analysis module, an output end of the picture analysis module is connected to an input end of the picture sorting module, an output end of the picture sorting module is connected to an input end of the picture division module, an output end of the picture division module is connected to an input end of the picture numbering module, and an output end of the picture numbering module is connected to an input end of the coordinate calibration module.
Further, the picture identification module is used for identifying the picture content transmitted and reading data;
the picture analysis module is used for carrying out system analysis on the identified data;
the image sorting module is used for sorting the images according to the analyzed data from low to high according to the pollution degree;
the image dividing module divides the similar pollution degree images into grid areas;
the picture numbering module is used for numbering the sampling Arabic numerals in each area;
and the coordinate calibration module is used for calibrating the coordinates of the pictures in each area, so that the sampling can be conveniently carried out manually according to the geographic coordinates.
Further, the picture content includes the color of the shaded portion displayed on the picture.
Further, the system analysis comprises analyzing the color depth of the picture, and judging the pollution degree according to the color depth.
Further, S200 may also rank the contaminated area: and carrying out grading division on the acquired aerial pictures according to the pollution degree by using a grading system, wherein the grading system and the grid dividing system have the same composition.
Further, the S300 sample holding device comprises a base and a plurality of sampling frames distributed in a stepped manner, wherein the plurality of layers of sampling frames are sequentially arranged from one end to the other end of the base.
Furthermore, the sampling frames are numbered from low to high in sequence.
Furthermore, the sampling frame is divided into two parts by a middle clapboard, wherein one part is provided with a round hole groove, and the other part is provided with a square hole groove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention summarizes the defects of the prior art, acquires the images of the polluted areas by aerial photography, divides the environmental pollution areas by using a grid/grade division system, divides the pollution degrees into one area by using an image division module, sorts and numbers the area by using an image sorting module, and calibrates the area coordinates by using a coordinate calibration module, so that the sampling can be carried out purposefully during manual sampling, and the classified sampling can be carried out according to the pollution degrees, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for detecting and sampling environmental contaminants;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a meshing system/grading system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the sample holding device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of the sample-containing device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a picture identification module; 2. a picture analysis module; 3. a picture sorting module; 4. a picture dividing module; 5. a picture numbering module; 6. a base; 7. a sampling frame; 8. and a coordinate calibration module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants includes the following steps:
s100: acquiring a picture of a polluted area: acquiring pictures of the environmental pollution area by using unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography and uploading the pictures to a ground computer terminal; because some soil pollution areas's area is great, and the pollution degree in every region also is different, if adopt artifical blind go to take a sample not purposefully, waste time and energy, the sampling efficiency is low, adopt unmanned aerial vehicle technique of taking photo by plane, take photo by plane to the pollution area, gather the high definition aerial photograph picture in pollution area, because unmanned aerial vehicle carries 4G 5G communication module, through 4G 5G network to ground computer terminal transmission, can acquire comparatively clear pollution area aerial photograph picture on ground.
S200: and (3) grid division of a pollution area: the method comprises the steps that a gridding system is utilized to gridd collected aerial pictures according to pollution degrees, a pollution area is possibly large, the area with approximate pollution is divided into a grid through picture analysis, manual sampling is carried out in the area, and soil in the area is filled in a sampling bag or a sampling tube.
Referring to fig. 2, the mesh division system includes a picture identification module 1, a picture analysis module 2, a picture sorting module 3, a picture division module 4, a picture numbering module 5, and a coordinate calibration module 8, wherein an output end of the picture identification module 1 is connected to an input end of the picture analysis module 2, an output end of the picture analysis module 2 is connected to an input end of the picture sorting module 3, an output end of the picture sorting module 3 is connected to an input end of the picture division module 4, an output end of the picture division module 4 is connected to an input end of the picture numbering module 5, and an output end of the picture numbering module 5 is connected to an input end of the coordinate calibration module 8.
The picture identification module 1 is used for identifying the picture content transmitted and reading data. The picture content includes the color of the shaded portion displayed on the picture, and the read data is downloaded to the picture analysis module 2.
The picture analysis module 2 is used for carrying out system analysis on the identified data, mainly analyzing the pollution degree of a pollution area on the picture, and analyzing the pollution degree according to the difference of the color depth on the picture, wherein the part with the deeper color is analyzed as a serious pollution area, the part with the shallower color is analyzed as a slight pollution area, and the analysis between the two is an intermediate pollution area.
The picture sequencing module 3 is used for sequencing the pictures according to the pollution degree from low to high according to the analyzed data, sequencing according to the pollution degree, and manually sampling from high to low according to the pollution degree or from low to high according to the pollution degree during sampling.
The image dividing module 4 divides the similar pollution degree images into grid areas, and after the similar pollution degree images are divided into the grid areas, the manual sampling can be carried out purposefully, and the sampling place or the random sampling cannot be found blindly.
The picture numbering module 5 numbers the sampling Arabic numerals of each region for easy identification.
The coordinate calibration module 8 calibrates the coordinates of the pictures in each area, so that the sampling can be performed manually according to the geographic coordinates.
S300: collecting the polluted soil: carry out soil sampling to contaminated area with artifical sampling mode, the pollutant sample that will get is packed into sample and is held the device and the censorship.
The system analysis comprises the steps of analyzing the color depth of the picture and judging the pollution degree according to the color depth.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the sample holding device comprises a base 6 and a plurality of sampling frames 7 distributed in a stepped manner, wherein the plurality of layers of the sampling frames 7 are sequentially arranged on the base 6 from one end to the other end, and the number of the layers of the sampling frames 7 is determined by the number of the numbers. The sampling racks 7 are numbered sequentially from bottom to top, the number corresponds to the number of the picture numbering module 5, that is, the number of the sampling place, for example, the number of the sampling place of a certain block is 01, and then the sampling object of the sampling place is placed in the circular hole groove or the square hole groove of the sampling rack 7 No. 01. The sampling frame 7 is divided into two parts by the middle partition plate, wherein one part is provided with a round hole groove, the other part is provided with a square hole groove, the round hole groove is used for placing a sampling test tube, and the square hole groove is used for placing a sampling bag.
Example 2
A method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants comprises the following steps:
s100: acquiring a picture of a polluted area: acquiring pictures of the environmental pollution area by using unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography and uploading the pictures to a ground computer terminal; because some soil pollution areas's area is great, and the pollution degree in every region also is different, if adopt artifical blind go to take a sample not purposefully, waste time and energy, the sampling efficiency is low, adopt unmanned aerial vehicle technique of taking photo by plane, take photo by plane to the pollution area, gather the high definition aerial photograph picture in pollution area, because unmanned aerial vehicle carries 4G 5G communication module, through 4G 5G network to ground computer terminal transmission, can acquire comparatively clear pollution area aerial photograph picture on ground.
S200: grading the polluted area: the method comprises the steps that a grading system is utilized to grade collected aerial pictures according to pollution degrees, a pollution area is possibly large, the area with approximate pollution is divided into a grade through picture analysis, manual sampling is carried out in the area, and soil in the area is filled in a sampling bag or a sampling pipe.
The grading system also comprises a picture identification module 1, a picture analysis module 2, a picture sorting module 3, a picture dividing module 4, a picture numbering module 5 and a coordinate calibration module 8, wherein the output end of the picture identification module 1 is connected with the input end of the picture analysis module 2, the output end of the picture analysis module 2 is connected with the input end of the picture sorting module 3, the output end of the picture sorting module 3 is connected with the input end of the picture dividing module 4, the output end of the picture dividing module 4 is connected with the input end of the picture numbering module 5, and the output end of the picture numbering module 5 is connected with the input end of the coordinate calibration module 8.
The picture identification module 1 is used for identifying picture contents in transmission and reading data. The picture content includes the color of the shaded portion displayed on the picture, and the read data is downloaded to the picture analysis module 2.
The picture analysis module 2 is used for carrying out system analysis on the identified data, mainly analyzing the pollution degree of a pollution area on the picture, and analyzing the pollution degree according to the difference of the color depth on the picture, wherein the part with the deeper color is analyzed as a serious pollution area, the part with the shallower color is analyzed as a slight pollution area, and the analysis between the two is an intermediate pollution area.
The picture sequencing module 3 is used for sequencing the pictures according to the pollution degree from low to high according to the analyzed data, sequencing according to the pollution degree, and manually sampling from high to low according to the pollution degree or from low to high according to the pollution degree during sampling.
The image dividing module 4 divides the similar pollution degree images into the grade areas, so that the manual sampling can be carried out purposefully without blindly searching for a sampling place or randomly sampling.
The picture numbering module 5 numbers each region sampling Arabic numerals for easy identification.
The coordinate calibration module 8 calibrates the coordinates of the pictures in each area, so that the sampling can be performed manually according to the geographic coordinates.
S300: collecting the polluted soil: carry out soil sampling to the contaminated site with artifical sampling mode, the pollutant sample that will get is packed into the sample thing and is held the device and the censorship.
The system analysis comprises the steps of analyzing the color depth of the picture and judging the pollution degree according to the color depth.
The sample holding device is composed of a base 6 and a sampling frame 7 distributed in a step shape, and the base 6 is sequentially provided with a plurality of layers of sampling frames 7 from one end to the other end. The sampling frame 7 is numbered from the bottom to the top, the number corresponds to the number of the picture numbering module 5, i.e. the number of the sampling place, for example, the number of the sampling place of a certain block is 01, and then the sampling object of the sampling place is placed in the circular hole groove or the square hole groove of the sampling frame 7 No. 01. The sampling frame 7 is divided into two parts by the middle partition plate, wherein one part is provided with a round hole groove, the other part is provided with a square hole groove, the round hole groove is used for placing a sampling test tube, and the square hole groove is used for placing a sampling bag.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: acquiring a picture of a polluted area: acquiring pictures of the environmental pollution area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle for aerial photography and uploading the pictures to a ground computer terminal;
s200: and (3) grid division of a pollution area: carrying out gridding division on the acquired aerial photo according to the pollution degree by using a gridding division system; the grid division system comprises a picture identification module (1), a picture analysis module (2), a picture sorting module (3), a picture division module (4), a picture numbering module (5) and a coordinate calibration module (8), wherein the output end of the picture identification module (1) is connected with the input end of the picture analysis module (2), the output end of the picture analysis module (2) is connected with the input end of the picture sorting module (3), the output end of the picture sorting module (3) is connected with the input end of the picture division module (4), the output end of the picture division module (4) is connected with the input end of the picture numbering module (5), and the output end of the picture numbering module (5) is connected with the input end of the coordinate calibration module (8); the picture identification module (1) is used for identifying the picture content transmitted and reading data; the picture content comprises the color of a shaded part displayed on the picture; the picture analysis module (2) is used for carrying out system analysis on the identified data; the system analysis comprises the steps of analyzing the color depth of the pictures, judging the pollution degree according to the color depth, and sequencing the pictures from low to high according to the analyzed data by using a picture sequencing module (3); the image dividing module (4) divides the similar pollution degree images into grid areas; the picture numbering module (5) numbers each region by taking Arabic numerals; the coordinate calibration module (8) calibrates the coordinates of the pictures of each area, so that the sampling is conveniently carried out manually according to the geographic coordinates;
the classification for the contaminated area can also be: grading the acquired aerial images according to the pollution degree by using a grading system, wherein the grading system has the same composition as the grid grading system;
s300: collecting the polluted soil: soil sampling is carried out on the polluted area in a manual mode, and the taken pollutant sample is put into a sample containing device and is submitted for inspection.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle of S100 carries a 4G/5G communication module, and transmits the signal to the ground computer terminal through a 4G/5G network.
3. The method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the sample holding device of S300 is composed of a base (6) and a plurality of sampling frames (7) distributed in a stepped manner, and the base (6) is sequentially provided with the plurality of layers of sampling frames (7) from one end to the other end.
4. The method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants according to claim 3, wherein the sampling frames (7) are sequentially numbered from low to high.
5. The method for detecting and sampling environmental pollutants according to claim 4, wherein the sampling frame (7) is divided into two parts by a middle clapboard, wherein one part is provided with a round hole groove, and the other part is provided with a square hole groove.
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| KR102182500B1 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-11-24 | 국방과학연구소 | Apparatus and method for estimating location of pollutant source |
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| CN104408526A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 武汉大学 | Method for monitoring hydrological area pollutant |
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