CN113776498A - River bed sedimentation static force leveling system and method for river-crossing tunnel construction - Google Patents
River bed sedimentation static force leveling system and method for river-crossing tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction, which comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument, a reading instrument, a mounting bracket and a sealing device, wherein the magnetostrictive static leveling instrument is arranged on the mounting bracket; a plurality of levels of test planes are arranged in the river bed range, each level of test plane is provided with a plurality of test points, mounting supports are arranged on the test points, magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels are fixed on the mounting supports, sealing devices are arranged outside the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels, and the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels of each level of test plane are mutually connected and connected to a reading instrument. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the magnetostrictive static leveling instrument with a large range is adopted, and the leveling instruments are connected in series in a grading way according to the difference of the topography of the riverbed, so that the problem of measuring the sedimentation of the riverbed under the condition of large topography fluctuation is solved; the invention adopts automatic measurement aiming at river bed settlement in the river-crossing tunnel construction, does not need manual measurement, can automatically obtain vertical displacement and settlement relative to a reference point, and has higher measurement precision than manual measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering construction monitoring, and relates to a riverbed sedimentation static leveling system and a measuring method for river-crossing tunnel construction, which are mainly used for riverbed sedimentation deformation monitoring engineering caused by construction of a shield tunnel downward crossing river.
Background
The coastal area of China has developed water systems, densely staggered rivers and complex river conditions, and the planning of rail transit lines inevitably needs to cross rivers. The subway construction inevitably passes through rivers, lakes or seas due to the urban traffic planning requirement, the safest construction method of the cross-river tunnel at the present stage is the shield construction method, but the construction is influenced by multiple factors such as geology, hydrology, river potential, channels, bridges, flood prevention facilities, wharfs and the like, the construction still breaks out engineering dangerous situations, the cross-country tunnel is a very complex engineering subject, and once an engineering accident occurs, the society is greatly influenced, and personal injury and property loss are brought.
In the excavation process of an urban subway shield tunnel, disturbance is often caused to soil around the tunnel in the excavation process, or the soil generates creeping deformation towards an empty surface due to the loss of a bottom layer, in order to obtain the deformation condition of the ground in the shield excavation process in time, a proper monitoring scheme is required to be adopted, in the subway shield excavation process, the disturbance to the surrounding soil inevitably causes the ground to generate settlement deformation, the common method is to arrange ground surface settlement monitoring points on the ground above a shield line, obtain the settlement variation quantity of the ground in a leveling mode, then adjust shield excavation parameters according to the ground settlement variation condition, and scientifically guide construction. However, when the shield passes through a river, monitoring points cannot be directly arranged on a riverbed under general conditions, the traditional precise leveling measurement cannot be directly carried out, and the common method is to measure the deformation of segments in a tunnel and carry out field inspection on the water surface of the river. The deformation of the segment is generally lagged after being influenced by a trolley behind the shield tunneling machine, and the requirement on the professional technical level of monitoring personnel is high in field inspection, so that the method cannot visually obtain the settlement change condition of the soil body above the shield, and is not beneficial to controlling the construction risk.
The patent with the application number of 201810363830.9 discloses a GPS positioning frame structure and a monitoring method for riverbed settlement deformation, aiming at the riverbed settlement deformation, wherein the structure comprises an anchor block, an inclined strut, a main sleeve, a connecting sleeve, an outdoor electric box, a solar cell, a top sleeve and a GPS positioning antenna. The technology is easily influenced by external factor changes, so that the monitoring result error is large, the monitoring precision is not high, the actual change condition of the river bottom cannot be reflected really, and meanwhile, a monitoring signal obtained by real-time monitoring cannot be converted into the change condition of visually describing the water pressure and settlement of each measuring point of the river bottom in real time; the patent with the application number of 200410051122.X discloses a device and a method for monitoring river bed settlement in tunnel river-crossing construction, the device comprises a water pressure sensing and collecting mechanism consisting of at least two water pressure sensing devices fixed by sinking into the bottom of a river and a signal receiving, processing and analyzing device arranged at the edge of the river, and the technology cannot measure the settlement change when the river bed is greatly fluctuated. In addition, the unmanned ship measurement technology adopts a single-beam depth measurement system, is matched with GNSS (global navigation satellite system) positioning products, acquisition, navigation and the like to carry out underwater topography measurement, has the characteristics of high efficiency and safety compared with the traditional measurement method, is mainly applied to underwater topography mapping projects at present, and has less application in the aspect of underwater topography deformation caused by tunnel excavation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a riverbed sedimentation static leveling system and a riverbed sedimentation static leveling method for river-crossing tunnel construction.
The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument, a reading instrument, a mounting bracket and a sealing device; a plurality of levels of test planes are arranged in the river bed range, each level of test plane is provided with a plurality of test points, mounting supports are arranged on the test points, magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels are fixed on the mounting supports, sealing devices are arranged outside the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels, and the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels of each level of test plane are mutually connected and connected to a reading instrument.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and a mounting bracket is arranged at the same vertical measuring point between two adjacent test planes, and two magnetostrictive static level gauges are correspondingly arranged on the mounting bracket.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the magnetostriction type static level mainly comprises a magnetostriction liquid level meter, a liquid storage cylinder, a liquid through pipe, a vent pipe and an observation cable; a magnetostrictive liquid level meter is arranged on the liquid storage cylinder, an observation cable is arranged on the magnetostrictive liquid level meter, and the measuring rod and the floater are positioned in the liquid storage cylinder; the upper part of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a vent pipe and a horizontal bubble, the lower part of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with a liquid through pipe, and the liquid through pipe is communicated with the liquid storage cylinder through a liquid through pipe joint and a liquid through pipe valve; in each level of test plane, liquid passing pipes of the magnetostrictive static level gauges are connected with each other, and SG solution is filled in the liquid passing pipes; in each stage of test plane, the vent pipes of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels are connected with each other, and the observation cables of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels are connected with each other.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the mounting bracket comprises a support leg and a base, the support leg is composed of a plurality of steel pipes, a plurality of bolt holes are distributed in the base, and the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level base is fixedly connected with the base through fixing bolts.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the size of the base of the mounting bracket is 200-300mm, and the aperture of the bolt hole is 6-10 mm; the support legs of the mounting bracket are steel pipes with the diameter of 40mm-60mm, and the length of the support legs inserted into the riverbed is not less than 2 m.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the sealing device is a hollow cylindrical glass cover, small holes for leading out a liquid supply pipe, a vent pipe and an observation cable are reserved on the sealing device, and a base of the sealing device is connected and sealed with a base of the mounting support.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the sealing device base is smaller than that of the base, and the diameter of the sealing device base is 180 mm and 280 mm.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the output of the reading instrument is 4000uA-20000 uA.
The measuring method of the riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction comprises the following steps:
s1, underwater topography measurement:
an ultrasonic wave depth finder is adopted to be equipped with a global positioning system to form an underwater topography measuring system, the corresponding elevation of each measuring point is calculated through water level data, and a cross-section diagram or an underwater topography diagram of a river bed is drawn;
s2, determining the classification of the whole riverbed range:
dividing the riverbed in the measuring range into a plurality of levels of testing planes according to the height difference of the whole riverbed on the cross-sectional diagram, wherein N levels of testing planes are counted;
s3, measuring point layout:
in each horizontal range, a settlement measuring point is arranged at intervals above the axis of the shield tunnel; at the same measuring point belonging to the two adjacent test planes, an installation support is provided with an upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and a lower magnetostrictive static level gauge for settlement transmission of the two adjacent test planes;
s4, system installation:
setting a measuring pier as a datum point outside the influence range of the river bank surface settlement, and mounting a magnetostrictive static force level gauge on the measuring pier; according to the classification of the riverbed and the arrangement of the measuring points, underwater operation is carried out on each level of test plane, the support legs of the mounting support are pressed into the riverbed, and the elevation of the mounting support on each level of test plane is on the same plane; sleeving a sealing device outside the magnetostrictive static level gauge, fastening and sealing the sealing device through a fixing bolt, and then installing and fixing the sealing device on a base of the mounting bracket;
connecting the magnetostrictive static level gauges on the settlement measuring points of the first-stage test plane and the magnetostrictive static level gauges on the reference points in series by using a vent pipe and a liquid passing pipe, and filling SG solution into the liquid passing pipe; connecting the magnetostrictive static level gauges on all levels of test planes to the reading instrument by using observation cables;
s5, calculating the sedimentation of the riverbed.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, the bed settlement calculation includes:
calculating the liquid level variation quantity delta h of the datum point of the static level according to the following formula:
△h0＝K0(F0－F01)
in the formula: k0-hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficients;
F0-a current reading of a hydrostatic level reference point;
F01-an initial reading of a reference point of the hydrostatic level;
second, the liquid level variation quantity delta h of each observation point of the first-stage static level1iCalculated according to the following formula:
△h1i＝K1i(F1i－F10i)
in the formula: k1i-first stage hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients, i ═ 1, 2, …, N;
F10i-an initial reading of a first level hydrostatic level observation point;
F1i-a current reading of the observation point of the first level hydrostatic level;
③ the amount of change delta H of settlement or elevation of each observation point of the first level1iCalculated according to the following formula:
△H1i＝△h0－△h1i＝K0(F0－F01)－K1i(F1i－F10i)
fourthly, the upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and the lower magnetostrictive static level gauge belong to the same measuring point on the two adjacent test planes, and the same measuring point delta H of the first test plane and the second test plane1NAnd Δ H21Calculated according to the following formula:
the variation quantity delta H of settlement or elevation of observation point of last static level gauge in the first stage1NCalculated according to the following formula:
△H1N＝△h0－△h1N＝K0(F0－F01)－K1N(F1N－F10N)
in the formula: k1N-the last hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficient of the first stage;
F10N-initial reading of the last observation point of the hydrostatic level of the first stage;
F1N-the current reading of the last observation point of the hydrostatic level of the first stage;
△h1N-the variation of the level of the observation point of the last hydrostatic level of the first stage;
second stage first hydrostatic level variationQuantity Δ h21Calculated according to the following formula:
△h21＝K21(F21－F201)
in the formula: k21-second stage first hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficients;
F21-a current reading of a second level first hydrostatic level reference point;
F201-an initial reading of a second level first hydrostatic level reference point;
liquid level variation delta h of each observation point of more than second static level gauge in second stage2iI is not less than 2 and is calculated according to the following formula:
△h2i＝K2i(F2i－F20i)
in the formula: k2i-second and more than second static level observation point sensor coefficients;
F20i-an initial reading of a second or more static level observation points;
F2i-a current reading of more than a second observation point of the hydrostatic level of the second stage;
second-stage first observation point settlement or elevation variation quantity delta H21Calculated according to the following formula:
△H21＝△H1N
second-stage more than second observation point settlement or elevation variation quantity delta H2iI is not less than 2 and is calculated according to the following formula:
△H2i＝△h2i-△h21+△H1N
the other stages are analogized in turn.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a wide-range magnetostrictive static level gauge, and simultaneously, the level gauges are connected in series in a grading way according to the difference of the topography of the riverbed, thereby solving the problem of measuring the sedimentation of the riverbed under the condition of large topography fluctuation.
2. The invention adopts automatic measurement aiming at river bed settlement in the river-crossing tunnel construction, does not need manual measurement, can automatically obtain vertical displacement and settlement relative to a reference point, has higher measurement precision than manual measurement and stronger stability, and is not influenced by low temperature.
3. The static leveling system for riverbed sedimentation provided by the invention can convert the monitored monitoring signals into the water pressure and sedimentation change conditions which can visually describe each measuring point at the bottom of a river in real time, has large range, is suitable for riverbed sedimentation measurement with large range and large fluctuation height difference, and solves the technical problem of riverbed sedimentation measurement in river-crossing tunnel construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a magnetostrictive hydrostatic level;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting bracket.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a magnetostrictive hydrostatic level; 2-a reading instrument; 3-observation of the cable; 4, mounting a bracket; 5-datum point; 6-river bank; 7-sealing means; 8-a breather pipe; 9-measuring rod; 10-a float; 11-horizontal bubble; 12-liquid pipe joint; 13-a liquid through pipe valve; 14-liquid passing pipe; 15-sealing device base; 16-a fixing bolt; 17-a liquid reservoir; 18-a base; 19-bolt holes; 20-a leg; 21-a magnetostrictive level gauge; 22-SG solution.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment of the application provides a riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for river-crossing tunnel construction, which comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument 1, a reading instrument 2, a mounting bracket 4 and a sealing device 7, as shown in figures 1-3. A plurality of levels of test planes are arranged in the river bed range, each level of test plane is provided with a plurality of test points, each test point is provided with a mounting support 4, the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1 is fixed on the upper portion of the mounting support 4, a sealing device 7 is arranged outside the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1, and the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1 of each level of test plane are mutually connected and connected with the reading instrument 2. The multistage magnetostrictive static level gauge and the reference water level point are matched with an acquisition system to form a complete riverbed sedimentation static leveling system.
In this embodiment, the whole riverbed range is divided into a plurality of test planes according to the height difference, each test plane is a first level, a plurality of test points are arranged on the test plane at certain intervals according to regulations, and each test point is provided with a magnetostrictive static level gauge 1. And (3) adopting two magnetostrictive static level gauges to perform settlement transmission at the same vertical measuring point between the two testing planes.
In this embodiment, the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1 is composed of a magnetostrictive liquid level gauge 21, a liquid storage tank 17, a liquid through pipe 14, a liquid through pipe 8, an observation cable 3 and the like; a magnetostrictive liquid level meter 21 is arranged on the liquid storage barrel 17, an observation cable 3 is arranged on the magnetostrictive liquid level meter 21, and the measuring rod 9 and the floater 10 are positioned in the liquid storage barrel 17; the upper part of the liquid storage barrel 17 is provided with a vent pipe 8 and a horizontal bubble 11, the lower part of the liquid storage barrel 17 is provided with a liquid through pipe 14, and the liquid through pipe 14 is communicated with the liquid storage barrel 17 through a liquid through pipe joint 12 and a liquid through pipe valve 13; in each stage, the liquid through pipes 14 of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1 are connected with each other, and SG solution 22 is filled in the liquid through pipes; in each stage, the vent pipes 8 of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1 are connected to each other, and the observation cables 3 of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level 1 are connected to each other.
In this particular embodiment, the reader 2 has red +, black + as the power supply and green-, white + as the signal line.
In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 4 comprises a foot 20 and a base 18, and the foot 20 is composed of 4 steel pipes, and the length of the foot is determined according to the distance between each stage of the test plane and the river bed. 4 bolt holes 19 are distributed on the base 18, the bolt hole positions correspond to the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level base, and the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level base is connected and fixed with the base 18 of the mounting bracket 4 through fixing bolts 16 during mounting.
In this embodiment, the sealing device 7 is a hollow cylindrical glass cover, on which a small hole is reserved for leading out the liquid feeding pipe 14, the air pipe 8 and the observation cable 3, and the sealing device base 15 is connected and sealed with the base 18 of the mounting bracket 4 to prevent the damage of the magnetostrictive static level.
In this embodiment, the magnetostrictive liquid level meter 21 has a range of 0-3000mm, a resolution of 0.005-0.015mm/uA, a repetition accuracy of < 0.05% F.S., and a combined error of < 0.1% F.S. The working environment temperature of the riverbed sedimentation static leveling system is-15 ℃ to +70 ℃.
In this embodiment, the output of the reader 2 is 4000uA to 20000 uA.
In this embodiment, the observation cable 3 is a quad cable with model number YSPT-4, the quad color lines are defined as red (DC24V +), black (or GND) as power line, and green (signal-or RS485B) and white (signal + or RS485A) as signal lines.
In this embodiment, the size of the base 18 of the mounting bracket is 200 mm to 300mm, and the hole diameter of the bolt hole 19 is 6mm to 10 mm.
In this embodiment, the legs 20 of the mounting bracket are steel tubes with a diameter of 40mm-60mm, which should be inserted into the river bed for a length of no less than 2 m.
In this embodiment, the bottom diameter of the sealing device 7 is slightly smaller than the size of the base 18, which is 180 mm and 280 mm.
Example two
The second embodiment of the application provides a river bed settlement static leveling method for river-crossing tunnel construction, which comprises the following steps:
s1, underwater topography measurement
An ultrasonic wave depth finder is provided with an RTK GPS to form an underwater topography measuring system, and the corresponding elevation of each measuring point is calculated through data such as water level and the like, so that a cross-sectional diagram or an underwater topography diagram of a river bed is drawn.
S2, determining the classification of the whole riverbed range
According to the height difference of the whole river bed on the section diagram, dividing the river bed in the measuring range into a plurality of horizontal levels, and totally N horizontal levels (namely testing planes).
S3 measuring point layout
And in each horizontal range, according to the settlement measurement specification, a settlement measuring point is arranged at every 20m right above the axis of the shield tunnel. At the same measuring point belonging to two adjacent horizontal stages, the mounting bracket is required to be capable of mounting and distributing an upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and a lower magnetostrictive static level gauge for settlement transmission of the two adjacent horizontal stages.
S4, system installation
And arranging a measuring pier as a datum point outside the influence range of the river bank surface settlement, and mounting a magnetostrictive static force level gauge on the measuring pier. According to the classification of the riverbed and the arrangement of measuring points, the underwater operation is carried out at each horizontal level, the support legs of the mounting support are pressed into the riverbed, and the elevation of the mounting support at each horizontal level is ensured to be on the same plane. The sealing device is sleeved outside the magnetostrictive static level gauge, fastened and sealed through the fixing bolt, and then installed on the base of the mounting bracket for fastening.
The magnetostrictive static levels on the settlement measuring points of the first horizontal level and the magnetostrictive static levels on the datum points are connected in series by using the vent pipes and the liquid passing pipes, and pressure-guiding liquid (SG solution) is filled in the liquid passing pipes. The magnetostrictive static level gauges on two adjacent horizontal stages are not communicated. Finally, the magnetostrictive hydrostatic level gauges on all the levels are connected to an acquisition system (reading instrument) by using observation cables, so that a complete magnetostrictive hydrostatic level settlement monitoring system can be formed.
S5, river bed settlement calculation
Liquid level variation delta h of datum point of hydrostatic level0(mm) can be calculated by the following formula:
△h0＝K0(F0－F01)
in the formula: k0Static level reference point sensor coefficient (mm/F)；
F0-a current reading (F) of a reference point of the hydrostatic level;
F01-initial reading (F) of the reference point of the hydrostatic level.
Second, the liquid level variation quantity delta h of each observation point of the first-stage static level1i(mm) can be calculated by the following formula:
△h1i＝K1i(F1i－F10i)
in the formula: k1iFirst-level static level observation point sensor coefficients (mm/F), i ═ 1, 2, ·, N;
F10i-an initial reading (F) of the observation point of the first level hydrostatic level;
F1i-a current reading (F) of the observation point of the first level hydrostatic level.
③ the amount of change delta H of settlement or elevation of each observation point of the first level1i(mm) can be calculated by the following formula:
△H1i＝△h0－△h1i＝K0(F0－F01)－K1i(F1i－F10i)
fourthly, the upper magnetostrictive hydrostatic level gauge and the lower magnetostrictive hydrostatic level gauge which belong to the same measuring point on two adjacent horizontal levels subside and transfer delta Hji(mm) can be calculated by the following formula (same measuring point Δ H in the first and second horizontal stages)1NAnd Δ H21For example):
the variation quantity delta H of settlement or elevation of observation point of last static level gauge (first stage, Nth measurement point) of first stage1N(mm) can be calculated by the following formula:
△H1N＝△h0－△h1N＝K0(F0－F01)－K1N(F1N－F10N)
in the formula: k1N-first stage last hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficient (mm/F);
F10N-an initial reading (F) of the last observation point of the hydrostatic level of the first stage;
F1N-the current reading (F) of the last observation point of the hydrostatic level of the first stage;
△h1Nthe liquid level variation of the last observation point (first stage, Nth measurement point) of the hydrostatic level gauge in the first stage. Second-stage first hydrostatic level (second-stage, 1 st) level variation Δ h21(mm) can be calculated by the following formula:
△h21＝K21(F21－F201)
in the formula: k21-second stage first hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficient (mm/F);
F21-a current reading (F) of a second level first hydrostatic level reference point;
F201-initial reading (F) of the first hydrostatic level reference point of the second stage.
Liquid level variation delta h of each observation point of more than second static level gauge in second stage2i(mm) (i.gtoreq.2) can be calculated according to the following formula:
△h2i＝K2i(F2i－F20i)
in the formula: k2i-a second and more than second level of hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients (mm/F);
F20i-an initial reading (F) of a second or more static level observation point;
F2i-a current reading (F) of more than a second observation point of the hydrostatic level of the second stage.
Second-stage first observation point settlement or elevation variation quantity delta H21(mm) can be calculated by the following formula:
△H21＝△H1N
second and higher observation points of the second stage sink or raise the amount of change Δ H2i(mm) (i.gtoreq.2) can be calculated according to the following formula:
△H2i＝△h2i-△h21+△H1N(i≥2)
the other stages are analogized in turn.
Compared with the traditional inductive, capacitive or vibrating wire type static level gauge, the measuring system and the measuring method have the advantages of small measuring range, low precision and higher requirement on environment, the river bed settlement static level measuring system and the measuring method for river-crossing tunnel construction adopt the wide-range magnetostrictive static level gauge, and meanwhile, the measuring devices are connected in series in a grading mode according to the difference of the topography of the river bed, so that the problem of measuring the river bed settlement under the condition that the topography of the river bed is greatly fluctuated is solved. The static leveling system for riverbed sedimentation can convert the monitored monitoring signals into the water pressure and sedimentation change conditions which can visually describe each measuring point at the bottom of a river in real time, has high precision and wide range, is suitable for riverbed sedimentation measurement with large range and large fluctuation height difference, and solves the technical problem of riverbed sedimentation measurement in the construction of the cross-river tunnel.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a river bed subsides static force leveling system of river crossing tunnel construction which characterized in that: the static leveling instrument comprises a magnetostrictive static leveling instrument (1), a reading instrument (2), a mounting bracket (4) and a sealing device (7); the river bed range is equipped with a plurality of levels of test planes, and every level of test plane is equipped with a plurality of measurement station, sets up installing support (4) on the measurement station, fixes magnetostriction type hydrostatic level (1) on installing support (4), and magnetostriction type hydrostatic level (1) outside sets up sealing device (7), interconnect between every level of test plane's magnetostriction type hydrostatic level (1) to connect in reading appearance (2).
2. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the same vertical measuring point between two adjacent test planes is provided with a mounting bracket (4), and the mounting bracket (4) is correspondingly provided with two magnetostrictive static level gauges (1).
3. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetostrictive static level gauge (1) mainly comprises a magnetostrictive liquid level meter (21), a liquid storage cylinder (17), a liquid through pipe (14), a gas through pipe (8) and an observation cable (3); a magnetostrictive liquid level meter (21) is arranged on the liquid storage barrel (17), an observation cable (3) is arranged on the magnetostrictive liquid level meter (21), and the measuring rod (9) and the floater (10) are positioned in the liquid storage barrel (17); the upper part of the liquid storage barrel (17) is provided with an air pipe (8) and a horizontal bubble (11), the lower part of the liquid storage barrel (17) is provided with a liquid through pipe (14), and the liquid through pipe (14) is communicated with the liquid storage barrel (17) through a liquid through pipe joint (12) and a liquid through pipe valve (13); in each stage of test plane, liquid passing pipes (14) of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels (1) are connected with each other, and SG solution (22) is filled in the liquid passing pipes (14); in each stage of test plane, the vent pipes (8) of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels (1) are connected with each other, and the observation cables (3) of the magnetostrictive hydrostatic levels (1) are connected with each other.
4. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting support (4) comprises a support leg (20) and a base (18), the support leg (20) is composed of a plurality of steel pipes, a plurality of bolt holes (19) are distributed in the base (18), and the magnetostrictive static level base is fixedly connected with the base (18) through fixing bolts (16).
5. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 4, wherein: the size of the base (18) of the mounting bracket is 200-300mm, and the aperture of the bolt hole (19) is 6-10 mm; the support legs (20) of the mounting bracket are steel pipes with the diameter of 40mm-60mm, and the length of the support legs inserted into the riverbed is not less than 2 m.
6. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sealing device (7) is a hollow cylindrical glass cover, a small hole for leading out a liquid supply pipe (14), an air pipe (8) and the observation cable (3) is reserved on the sealing device, and a base (15) of the sealing device is connected and sealed with a base (18) of the mounting bracket (4).
7. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the cross-river tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein: the diameter of the sealing device base (15) is smaller than the size of the base (18), and the diameter of the sealing device base (15) is 180 mm and 280 mm.
8. The riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output of the reading instrument (2) is 4000uA-20000 uA.
9. The measuring method of the riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the cross-river tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, underwater topography measurement:
an ultrasonic wave depth finder is adopted to be equipped with a global positioning system to form an underwater topography measuring system, the corresponding elevation of each measuring point is calculated through water level data, and a cross-section diagram or an underwater topography diagram of a river bed is drawn;
s2, determining the classification of the whole riverbed range:
dividing the riverbed in the measuring range into a plurality of levels of testing planes according to the height difference of the whole riverbed on the cross-sectional diagram, wherein N levels of testing planes are counted;
s3, measuring point layout:
in each horizontal range, a settlement measuring point is arranged at intervals above the axis of the shield tunnel; at the same measuring point belonging to the two adjacent test planes, an installation support is provided with an upper magnetostrictive static level gauge and a lower magnetostrictive static level gauge for settlement transmission of the two adjacent test planes;
s4, system installation:
setting a measuring pier as a datum point outside the influence range of the river bank surface settlement, and mounting a magnetostrictive static force level gauge on the measuring pier; according to the classification of the riverbed and the arrangement of the measuring points, underwater operation is carried out on each level of test plane, the support legs of the mounting support are pressed into the riverbed, and the elevation of the mounting support on each level of test plane is on the same plane; sleeving a sealing device outside the magnetostrictive static level gauge, fastening and sealing the sealing device through a fixing bolt, and then installing and fixing the sealing device on a base of the mounting bracket;
connecting the magnetostrictive static level gauges on the settlement measuring points of the first-stage test plane and the magnetostrictive static level gauges on the reference points in series by using a vent pipe and a liquid passing pipe, and filling SG solution into the liquid passing pipe; connecting the magnetostrictive static level gauges on all levels of test planes to the reading instrument by using observation cables;
s5, calculating the sedimentation of the riverbed.
10. The measuring method of the riverbed sedimentation static leveling system for the river-crossing tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: in step S5, the bed settlement calculation includes:
calculating the liquid level variation quantity delta h of the datum point of the static level according to the following formula:
△h0＝K0(F0－F01)
in the formula: k0-hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficients;
F0-a current reading of a hydrostatic level reference point;
F01-an initial reading of a reference point of the hydrostatic level;
second, the liquid level variation quantity delta h of each observation point of the first-stage static level1iCalculated according to the following formula:
△h1i＝K1i(F1i－F10i)
in the formula: k1i-first stage hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficients, i ═ 1, 2, …, N;
F10i-an initial reading of a first level hydrostatic level observation point;
F1i-a current reading of the observation point of the first level hydrostatic level;
③ the amount of change delta H of settlement or elevation of each observation point of the first level1iCalculated according to the following formula:
△H1i＝△h0－△h1i＝K0(F0－F01)－K1i(F1i－F10i)
membership to adjacencyThe upper and lower magnetostriction type hydrostatic level gauges at the same measuring point on the two-stage test plane are subjected to settlement transmission, and the same measuring point delta H of the first and second-stage test planes1NAnd Δ H21Calculated according to the following formula:
the variation quantity delta H of settlement or elevation of observation point of last static level gauge in the first stage1NCalculated according to the following formula:
△H1N＝△h0－△h1N＝K0(F0－F01)－K1N(F1N－F10N)
in the formula: k1N-the last hydrostatic level observation point sensor coefficient of the first stage;
F10N-initial reading of the last observation point of the hydrostatic level of the first stage;
F1N-the current reading of the last observation point of the hydrostatic level of the first stage;
△h1N-the variation of the level of the observation point of the last hydrostatic level of the first stage;
liquid level variation quantity delta h of first static level gauge of second stage21Calculated according to the following formula:
△h21＝K21(F21－F201)
in the formula: k21-second stage first hydrostatic level reference point sensor coefficients;
F21-a current reading of a second level first hydrostatic level reference point;
F201-an initial reading of a second level first hydrostatic level reference point;
liquid level variation delta h of each observation point of more than second static level gauge in second stage2iI is not less than 2 and is calculated according to the following formula:
△h2i＝K2i(F2i－F20i)
in the formula: k2i-second and more than second static level observation point sensor coefficients;
F20isecond stage of observation of more than a second hydrostatic levelInitial readings of the points;
F2i-a current reading of more than a second observation point of the hydrostatic level of the second stage;
second-stage first observation point settlement or elevation variation quantity delta H21Calculated according to the following formula:
△H21＝△H1N
second-stage more than second observation point settlement or elevation variation quantity delta H2iI is not less than 2 and is calculated according to the following formula:
△H2i＝△h2i-△h21+△H1N
the other stages are analogized in turn.
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