CN113765140A - Operation mode control method, device and system suitable for current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter - Google Patents

Operation mode control method, device and system suitable for current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter Download PDF

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CN113765140A
CN113765140A CN202110978975.1A CN202110978975A CN113765140A CN 113765140 A CN113765140 A CN 113765140A CN 202110978975 A CN202110978975 A CN 202110978975A CN 113765140 A CN113765140 A CN 113765140A
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voltage
inverter
current
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abc
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王伟
韦徵
姬秋华
郑玉平
王彤
邓小君
茹心芹
陈遗志
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Nari Technology Co Ltd
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Nari Technology Co Ltd
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an operation mode control method, device and system suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which are used for calculating an inner ring current reference in a current source operation mode; calculating the amplitude value of the voltage of the power grid, the voltage phase of the power grid and the actual output active power and reactive power of the inverter; calculating an inner loop current reference in a voltage source operation mode based on the power grid voltage, the actual output active power and reactive power of the inverter, the power grid voltage amplitude, the given value of the active power and the given value of the reactive power of the inverter and the given value of the voltage amplitude; and accessing an inner ring current reference in a current source operation mode or an inner ring current reference in a voltage source operation mode, calculating an inverter modulation wave by combining the output current of the inverter and the voltage phase of the power grid, modulating a carrier signal, and generating a control signal for controlling a power switch of the inverter. The invention can realize the signal access of the external controller when the inverter receives the control signal sent by the site controller and needs to operate in the voltage source mode, thereby realizing the voltage source mode operation of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.

Description

Operation mode control method, device and system suitable for current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grid-connected inverter control, and particularly relates to a control method, a device and a system for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
Background
By the end of 2019, installed capacities of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation in China are 210GW and 204GW, which account for about 20.63% of total capacity of power supplies in China, and new energy becomes the second largest energy in China. New energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic will continue to develop rapidly, and finally a high-proportion new energy power system is formed nationwide. However, the conventional photovoltaic grid-connected inverter installed in a large scale at present generally adopts a current source operation mode and works along with grid voltage/frequency grid connection, and in a high-proportion new energy power system, the photovoltaic inverter lacks inertia, frequency modulation and voltage regulation functions, so that the challenges are brought to the safe and stable operation of the power system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method, a device and a system for controlling the operation mode of a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, wherein the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter adopts the traditional current source operation mode under the normal working condition, and the software and hardware functions of the original inverter are reserved; when the inverter receives a control signal sent by the station controller and needs to operate in a voltage source mode, the external controller is accessed to realize the voltage source mode operation of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an operation mode control system suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which comprises a direct current voltage measurement module, a direct current measurement module, an alternating voltage measurement module, a PLL phase locking module, an MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module, a current inner loop control module, a pulse width modulation module, an actual power calculation module and a self-synchronous voltage source droop control and virtual impedance control module;
the direct current voltage measuring module acquires the direct current voltage U of the inverterdcAnd output to MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module;
the direct current measuring module acquires direct current I of the inverterdcAnd output to MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module;
the alternating current measuring module acquires the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd output to the actual power calculation module and the current inner loop control module;
the alternating voltage measurement module collects the voltage u of the power gridgabcRespectively output to a PLL phase locking module, an actual power calculation module, a droop control module of a self-synchronizing voltage source and a virtual impedance control module;
the PLL phase locking module is used for locking the phase according to the power grid voltage ugabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmAnd grid voltage phase thetag；
The MPPT and DC outer ring control module is used for controlling the DC voltage U of the inverterdcAnd the DC current I of the inverterdcAnd calculating to obtain an inner ring current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
The actual power calculation module outputs current i according to the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcAnd calculating to obtain the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
The droop control and virtual impedance control module of the self-synchronizing voltage source is used for controlling droop according to the voltage u of the power gridgabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefAnd the grid voltage amplitude UgmGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnAnd calculating to obtain an inner ring current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
The current inner loop control module responds to different operation mode control instructions and is connected to an inner loop current reference i in a current source operation mode in combination with a gating signal output by a gating switch Sref_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virAnd an inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagObtaining the modulation wave V of the photovoltaic grid-connected invertermabc；
The pulse width modulation module modulates a wave VmabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling a power switch of the photovoltaic inverter, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
Optionally, the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000021
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
Optionally, the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000022
Figure BDA0003228441980000023
Figure BDA0003228441980000031
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
Optionally, the inverter modulates the wave VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000032
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the inductance value of the main circuit filter，Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an operation mode control method suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, including:
based on dc current I of inverterdcAnd a DC voltage UdcCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
Based on the voltage u of the networkgabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGrid voltage phase thetag；
Based on the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcCalculating the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
Based on the voltage u of the networkgabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
Responding to different operation mode control instructions, and switching in an inner ring current reference i in a current source operation moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virCombined with inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagCalculating the modulation wave V of the invertermabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
Optionally, the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000041
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qIs a current reference i in a current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
Optionally, the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000042
Figure BDA0003228441980000043
Figure BDA0003228441980000051
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
Optionally, the inverter modulates the wave VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000052
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an operation mode control device suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, including:
a first calculation module for calculating a DC current I based on the inverterdcAnd a DC voltage UdcCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
A second calculation module for calculating a grid voltage u based ongabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmAnd grid voltage phase thetag；
A third calculation module for outputting a current i based on the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcCalculating the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
A fourth calculation module for calculating a grid voltage u based ongabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
A control module for responding to different operation mode control instructions and accessing an inner ring current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virCombined with inverter output powerStream iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagCalculating the modulation wave V of the invertermabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
Optionally, the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000061
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
Optionally, the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000062
Figure BDA0003228441980000063
Figure BDA0003228441980000064
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency generated for virtual synchronous machine control，θVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
Optionally, the inverter modulates the wave VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000071
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an operation mode control system for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, comprising a storage medium and a processor;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform a method according to any of the second aspects.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a control method, a device and a system for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, wherein the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter adopts a traditional current source operation mode under normal working conditions, and software and hardware functions of the original inverter are reserved; when the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter receives a control signal sent by the site controller and needs to operate in a voltage source mode, the external controller is accessed to realize the voltage source mode operation of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter. Therefore, the method not only provides an important technical basis for the inverter control scheme applied to the distributed new energy power generation and high-proportion new energy power system, but also completely reserves the software and hardware structure of the traditional photovoltaic inverter and can effectively reduce the production cost.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an inverter operation mode control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides an operation mode control method suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which specifically comprises the following steps:
based on dc current I of inverterdcAnd a DC voltage UdcCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
Based on the voltage u of the networkgabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGrid voltage phase thetag；
Based on the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcCalculating the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
Based on the voltage u of the networkgabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd is idleGiven value of power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
Responding to different operation mode control instructions, and switching in an inner ring current reference i in a current source operation moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virCombined with inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagCalculating the modulation wave V of the invertermabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000091
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000092
Figure BDA0003228441980000093
Figure BDA0003228441980000094
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the invention, the inverter modulation wave VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000101
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
Example 2
Based on the same inventive concept as embodiment 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an operation mode control device suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, including:
a first calculation module for calculating a DC current I based on the inverterdcAnd a DC voltage UdcInner in current source operation modeLoop current reference iref_abc；
A second calculation module for calculating a grid voltage u based ongabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGrid voltage phase thetag；
A third calculation module for outputting a current i based on the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcCalculating the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
A fourth calculation module for calculating a grid voltage u based ongabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
A control module for responding to different operation mode control instructions and accessing an inner ring current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virCombined with inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagCalculating the modulation wave V of the invertermabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000111
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000112
Figure BDA0003228441980000113
Figure BDA0003228441980000114
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the invention, the inverter modulation wave VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000121
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
Example 3
Based on the same inventive concept as embodiment 1, the embodiment of the invention provides an operation mode control system suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which comprises a storage medium and a processor;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform a method according to any of the embodiments 1.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, a photovoltaic inverter main circuit 1 is a photovoltaic cell panel, and is incorporated into a power grid after passing through a three-phase inverter main circuit and an LC filter circuit, and an embodiment of the present invention provides an operation mode control system suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, which specifically includes a dc voltage measurement module 2, a dc current measurement module 3, an ac current measurement module 4, an ac voltage measurement module 5, a PLL phase locking module 6, an MPPT and dc voltage outer loop control module 7, an actual power calculation module 8, a self-synchronous voltage source droop control and virtual impedance control module 9, a current inner loop control module 10, and a pulse width modulation module 11;
the direct current voltage measuring module 2 collects the direct current voltage U of the inverterdcAnd output to MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module;
the direct current measuring module 3 collects direct current I of the inverterdcAnd output to MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module;
the alternating current measuring module 4 collects the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd output to the actual power calculation module and the current inner loop control module;
the alternating voltage measuring module 5 collects the voltage u of the power gridgabcRespectively transportThe output signals are sent to a PLL phase locking module, an actual power calculation module and a droop control and virtual impedance control module of a self-synchronizing voltage source;
the PLL phase-locking module 6 is used for locking the phase according to the power grid voltage ugabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmAnd grid voltage phase thetag；
The MPPT and DC voltage outer loop control module 7 is used for controlling the DC voltage U according to the inverterdcAnd the DC current I of the inverterdcAnd calculating to obtain an inner ring current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
The actual power calculation module 8 outputs current i according to the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcAnd calculating to obtain the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
The droop control and virtual impedance control module 9 of the self-synchronizing voltage source is used for controlling droop according to the voltage u of the power gridgabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnAnd calculating to obtain an inner ring current reference i in a voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
The current inner loop control module 10 responds to different operation mode control instructions, and signals gated after passing through the gating switch S are accessed to the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virAnd an inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagObtaining the modulation wave V of the photovoltaic grid-connected invertermabc；
The pulse width modulation module 11 modulates the wave VmabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling a power switch of the photovoltaic inverter, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes a current source operation mode or a voltage source operation mode.
The MPPT and DC voltage outer loop control module, the current inner loop control module and the pulse width modulation module are traditionalAnd the actual power calculation module, the droop control of the self-synchronizing voltage source and the virtual impedance control module are realized by an external embedded controller. Under normal working conditions, the photovoltaic inverter operates in an MPPT mode, and the inner ring current reference is an inner ring current reference i under a current source operation moderef_abc(ii) a When the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter receives a signal of a station control system and needs to operate in a voltage source mode, the inner ring current reference is switched to be the inner ring current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir。
The gating switch S in the embodiment of the invention can adopt a logic gating switch in the prior art, and the gating signal can be manually controlled by an upper computer or automatically controlled by a system. When the inverter works in the current source operation mode, the gating switch S gates the inner-loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abcConnecting a current inner ring control module; when the inverter operates in the voltage source operation mode, the gating switch S gates the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virAnd connecting the current inner ring control module.
The device of the invention is mainly implemented as follows:
when the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter works in a current source operation mode, firstly, the grid voltage u obtained through samplinggabcSending into PLL phase-locked module 6, calculating power grid voltage amplitude U by PLL phase-locked module 6 based on phase-locked loop algorithm in prior artgmAnd grid voltage phase thetagThen the inverter DC voltage U obtained by samplingdcAnd the DC current I of the inverterdcSending the current to an MPPT and DC voltage outer ring control module 7, and obtaining an inner ring current reference i under a current source operation mode by the MPPT and DC voltage outer ring control module 7 according to MPPT control and DC voltage outer ring PI controlref_abc(ii) a Inner loop current reference i in gating switch S gating current source operation moderef_abcSampling to obtain the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagThe current is sent to a current control module 10, and a grid-connected inverter modulation wave V under the current source control scheme is obtained through calculationmabc(ii) a The obtained modulated wave VmabcInput pulse width modulation module 11, for carrierSignal VrAnd modulating to generate a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch. The control signal D controls the on-off of a power switch device in the inverter, the amplitude, the frequency and the phase of alternating voltage can be adjusted, the output current of the alternating voltage is enabled to be synchronous with the phase and the frequency of the voltage of a power grid, and the inverter works in a current source operation mode at the moment.
The MPPT in the MPPT and dc voltage outer loop control module 7 is controlled by a hill climbing method, the dc voltage outer loop is controlled by a PI, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000141
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivThe outer ring PI parameter of the direct current voltage is obtained;
the current inner loop control module 10 adopts a conventional grid-connected inverter control scheme, and the invention indirectly obtains a corresponding active current instruction I under a two-phase rotating coordinate system (dq coordinate system)drefAnd a reactive current command IqrefThen, current closed loop regulation is carried out under two-phase rotating coordinate by feeding back inverter inductive current, and finally the regulator under the two-phase rotating coordinate system (dq coordinate system) is output Md、MqThree-phase modulation wave V is obtained in three-phase static coordinate system through coordinate transformationmabc. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000142
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcAt two sidesDq component, K, in a phase rotation coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
When the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter works in a voltage source operation mode, firstly, the inverter output current i obtained by sampling is usedLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcSending the actual power calculation module 8 (the power calculation method is the prior general technology) to obtain the actual output active power P of the grid-connected invertereAnd reactive power QeThe obtained actual output active power P of the grid-connected invertereAnd reactive power QeGiven value of active power PrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude UnGrid voltage ugabcAnd the PLL phase locking module 6 calculates to obtain the power grid voltage amplitude UgmSending the voltage to a droop control and virtual impedance control module 9 of the self-synchronizing voltage source, and calculating to obtain an inner loop current reference i in a voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir(ii) a Inner loop current reference i in gated switch S-gated voltage source operating moderef_abc_virSampling to obtain the output current i of the inverterLabcThe current is sent to a current control module 10, and a grid-connected inverter modulation wave V under the current source control scheme is obtained through calculationmabc(ii) a The obtained modulated wave VmabcInput to a pulse width modulation module 11 for a carrier signal VrAnd modulating to generate a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch. The control signal D is used for controlling the on-off of a power switch device in the inverter, so that the amplitude, the frequency and the phase of the alternating voltage can be adjusted, and the inverter works in a voltage source operation mode.
The calculation formula of the droop control and virtual impedance control module 9 of the self-synchronous voltage source is as follows:
Figure BDA0003228441980000151
Figure BDA0003228441980000152
Figure BDA0003228441980000153
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims (13)

1. An operation mode control system suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is characterized by comprising a direct current voltage measuring module, a direct current measuring module, an alternating voltage measuring module, a PLL phase locking module, an MPPT and direct current voltage outer ring control module, a current inner ring control module, a pulse width modulation module, an actual power calculating module and a self-synchronizing voltage source droop control and virtual impedance control module;
the direct current voltage measurement module acquires inverse voltageConverter DC voltage UdcAnd output to MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module;
the direct current measuring module acquires direct current I of the inverterdcAnd output to MPPT and direct current voltage outer loop control module;
the alternating current measuring module acquires the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd output to the actual power calculation module and the current inner loop control module;
the alternating voltage measurement module collects the voltage u of the power gridgabcRespectively output to a PLL phase locking module, an actual power calculation module, a droop control module of a self-synchronizing voltage source and a virtual impedance control module;
the PLL phase locking module is used for locking the phase according to the power grid voltage ugabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmAnd grid voltage phase thetag；
The MPPT and DC outer ring control module is used for controlling the DC voltage U of the inverterdcAnd the DC current I of the inverterdcAnd calculating to obtain an inner ring current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
The actual power calculation module outputs current i according to the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcAnd calculating to obtain the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
The droop control and virtual impedance control module of the self-synchronizing voltage source is used for controlling droop according to the voltage u of the power gridgabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefAnd the grid voltage amplitude UgmGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnAnd calculating to obtain an inner ring current reference i in a voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
The current inner loop control module responds to different operation mode control instructions and is connected to an inner loop current reference i in a current source operation mode in combination with a gating signal output by a gating switch Sref_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virAnd an inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagObtaining the modulation wave V of the photovoltaic grid-connected invertermabc；
The pulse width modulation module modulates a wave VmabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling a power switch of the photovoltaic inverter, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the inner loop current reference i is selected from a group consisting of i, iref_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000021
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the inner loop current reference i is selected from the group consisting of i, iref_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000022
Figure FDA0003228441970000023
Figure FDA0003228441970000024
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the inverter modulation wave V is a voltage of the inverter modulation wave VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000031
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
5. An operation mode control method suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
based on dc current I of inverterdcAnd a DC voltage UdcCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
Based on the voltage u of the networkgabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGrid voltage phase thetag；
Based on the output current i of the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcCalculating the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
Based on the voltage u of the networkgabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
Responding to different operation mode control instructions, and switching in an inner ring current reference i in a current source operation moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virCombined with inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagCalculating the modulation wave V of the invertermabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner loop current reference i is determined according to the current source type PV grid-connected inverter, and the current source type PV grid-connected inverter is operated in the current source moderef_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000032
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qIn a current source modeLower current reference iref_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner loop current reference i is determined according to the voltage source operation moderef_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000041
Figure FDA0003228441970000042
Figure FDA0003228441970000043
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
8. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inverter modulation wave V is a voltage of the grid-connected invertermabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000051
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
9. An operation mode control device suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, characterized by comprising:
a first calculation module for calculating a DC current I based on the inverterdcAnd a DC voltage UdcCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the current source operation moderef_abc；
A second calculation module for calculating a grid voltage u based ongabcCalculating the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmAnd grid voltage phase thetag；
A third calculation module for outputting a current i based on the inverterLabcAnd the network voltage ugabcCalculating the actual output active power P of the invertereAnd reactive power Qe；
A fourth calculation module for calculating a grid voltage u based ongabcActual output active power P of invertereAnd reactive power QeAnd the voltage amplitude U of the power gridgmGiven value P of active power of inverterrefAnd given value of reactive power QrefGiven value of voltage amplitude value UnCalculating the inner loop current reference i in the voltage source operation moderef_abc_vir；
A control module for responding to different operation mode control commands and switching in currentInner loop current reference i in source operating moderef_abcOr inner loop current reference i in voltage source operation moderef_abc_virCombined with inverter output current iLabcAnd grid voltage phase thetagCalculating the modulation wave V of the invertermabcFor carrier signal VrAnd modulating, generating a control signal D for controlling the inverter power switch, and sending the control signal D to the inverter so that the inverter finishes the control of the operation mode.
10. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the inner loop current reference i is selected from the group consisting of iref_abcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000061
in the formula: u shapedcrefDC voltage i corresponding to maximum power point for photovoltaic array working after MPPT controlref_abc_d、iref_abc_qCurrent reference i in current source moderef_abcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempv、KivAnd the parameter is the outer loop PI parameter of the direct current voltage.
11. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the inner loop current reference i is selected from the group consisting of iref_abc_virThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000062
Figure FDA0003228441970000063
Figure FDA0003228441970000064
in the formula: u shapenTo a nominal voltage amplitude, DqIs a reactive sag factor, KqAs integral coefficient, ωnAt a nominal angular frequency, DpIs the active droop coefficient, J is the virtual moment of inertia, s is the Laplace operator, UVSGAmplitude, omega, of modulated wave generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGModulated wave angular frequency, theta, generated for virtual synchronous machine controlVSGControlling the generated phase, U, for a virtual synchronizerVmabcThe virtual synchronizer is used for controlling self-generated three-phase voltage, L is the inductance value of a main circuit filter, and r is the parasitic resistance of the filter inductance.
12. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the inverter modulation wave V is a modulation wave of VmabcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003228441970000071
wherein: i isdref、IqrefAre respectively inner ring current reference iref_abcOr iref_abc_virDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Id、IqAre respectively the inductive current iLabcDq component, K, in a two-phase rotating coordinate systempi、KiiIs the current regulator PI parameter, omega is the grid angular frequency, s is the Laplace operator, L is the main circuit filter inductance value, Vd、VqIs ugabcDq-axis component in a two-phase rotating coordinate system, Md、MqIs a dq axis modulation component under the two-phase rotating coordinate system of the inverter.
13. An operation mode control system suitable for a current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is characterized by comprising a storage medium and a processor;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is configured to operate in accordance with the instructions to perform a method according to any one of claims 5-8.
CN202110978975.1A 2021-08-25 2021-08-25 Operation mode control method, device and system suitable for current source type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter Pending CN113765140A (en)

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