CN113763168A - Block chain-based carbon asset transaction method and system - Google Patents

Block chain-based carbon asset transaction method and system Download PDF

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CN113763168A
CN113763168A CN202110979968.3A CN202110979968A CN113763168A CN 113763168 A CN113763168 A CN 113763168A CN 202110979968 A CN202110979968 A CN 202110979968A CN 113763168 A CN113763168 A CN 113763168A
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transaction
carbon asset
asset
block chain
carbon
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何清素
靳丹
张旭
王婷
孙沛
李方军
房晓勇
程玉涛
黎翔
韩庆芝
吴岚
郭凯
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Pingliang Power Supply Co Of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co
State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co Ltd
Gansu Tongxing Intelligent Technology Development Co Ltd
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Pingliang Power Supply Co Of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co
State Grid Gansu Electric Power Co Ltd
Gansu Tongxing Intelligent Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60Protecting data
    • G06F21/64Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures

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Abstract

The invention provides a block chain-based carbon asset transaction method and system, and relates to the field of carbon asset transaction. The method comprises the following steps: creating carbon asset data information, generating carbon asset records according to the carbon asset data information, packaging and recording the carbon asset records into a block, and adding a new block into a block chain; and (3) the buyer and the seller send out a carbon asset transaction application, the buyer and the seller agree on the transaction target and the transaction amount of the carbon asset, digital signature is carried out, a carbon asset transaction record is generated according to the compliance transaction data information and is packaged and recorded in a block chain node, a new block is added into the block chain, and the single carbon asset transaction is finished. The method verifies and stores the carbon asset registration data and the transaction data thereof by using the block chain type data structure, simplifies the transaction process of the carbon asset, generates and updates the carbon asset and the transaction data thereof by using the distributed node consensus algorithm, prevents the data from being falsified in the transaction process, traces the transaction source of the carbon asset by using the block chain, tracks each transaction, and improves the transaction efficiency and the transaction safety.

Description

Block chain-based carbon asset transaction method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon asset transaction, in particular to a block chain-based carbon asset transaction method and system.
Background
Carbon asset trading refers to the quota emission rights, emission reduction credits and related activities that can directly or indirectly affect the greenhouse gas emission of an organization under a mandatory carbon emission rights trading mechanism or a voluntary carbon emission rights trading mechanism. Under a carbon trading regime, carbon assets can be subdivided into quota carbon assets and emission reduction carbon assets.
The blockchain is a novel application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, a consensus mechanism and an encryption algorithm. The block chain is essentially a decentralized database and has the characteristics of decentralized, non-falsification, trace remaining in the whole process, traceability, collective maintenance, public transparency and the like. The block chain has potential huge application value in the financial fields of international exchange, credit cards, stock right registration, securities exchange and the like. The block chain technology is applied to the financial industry, a third-party intermediary link can be omitted, point-to-point direct butt joint is achieved, and therefore transaction payment is completed quickly while cost is greatly reduced.
The existing carbon asset transaction has the characteristics of centralization, more transaction links and high operation cost, each participant of the carbon asset transaction communicates with other parties through a centralized network mechanism, once the centralized mechanism fails, the normal operation of the whole transaction system is influenced, and the safety of the system cannot be guaranteed; the carbon asset registration data and the transaction data are stored in a centralized database, and once the database is attacked, the database is easy to tamper and is not safe; the settlement of the transaction depends on manual account checking among transaction participants, and the settlement is delayed and easy to make mistakes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a block chain-based carbon asset transaction method and a block chain-based carbon asset transaction system aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the method verifies and stores carbon asset registration data and transaction data thereof by using a block chain type data structure, thereby simplifying the transaction flow of the carbon asset and preventing the data from being tampered in the transaction process; and an intelligent contract formed by programming script codes is used for realizing automatic clearing and settlement of carbon asset transactions, and a block chain is used for tracing the carbon asset transactions, tracking each transaction, and improving the transaction efficiency and the transaction safety.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a blockchain-based carbon asset transaction method, comprising:
(1) the method comprises the steps that a carbon asset issuing organization creates carbon asset data information, whether the carbon asset data information is in compliance or not is checked, carbon asset records generated by the carbon asset data information in compliance are packaged and recorded into a block, a new block is added into a block chain based on a consensus mechanism and is stored in accounting nodes of each block chain, and a distributed account book is formed;
(2) the seller sends out carbon asset selling information, the buyer sends out a carbon asset purchasing application, the buyer and the seller reach the agreement of the transaction target and the transaction amount of the carbon asset, digital signature is carried out, whether the transaction data is in compliance is checked, the compliance transaction data information generates a carbon asset transaction record and is packaged and recorded in block chain nodes, new blocks are added into the block chain based on a common identification mechanism and are stored in the accounting nodes of each block chain to form a distributed account book, and the single carbon asset transaction is finished.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), the carbon asset data information includes, but is not limited to, a carbon asset name, a carbon asset number, a carbon asset measure unit, a carbon asset description, a carbon asset code.
Further, in the step (2), when the transaction data is transmitted among the block chain nodes, the sender uses a hash function to generate an abstract from the transaction data packet, a private key is used to encrypt the abstract to form a digital signature, the digital signature and the transaction data packet are sent to the receiver, the receiver uses the hash function which is the same as that of the sender to calculate the abstract from the received original transaction data packet, a public key of the sender is used to decrypt the digital signature, the abstract value is compared, if the abstracts are the same, the block chain nodes of the receiver can confirm that the digital signature and the original transaction data packet are sent by the sender, the original transaction data packet can be determined to be complete and consistent, and each asset transaction has a corresponding hash value.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), the information recorded in the blockchain accounting node includes, but is not limited to, a transaction hash function, a transaction time, a carbon asset name, a carbon asset issuer address, a transaction initiator address, a transaction receiver address, and a transaction asset number.
Further, in the step (2), according to the clearing settlement intelligent contract in the transaction process of the buyer and the seller, and according to whether the clearing settlement condition is met, the clearing settlement of assets, data, payment, expense and profit sharing and accounts among all the participants of the real-time transaction is triggered.
Further, the method of the invention also comprises carbon asset transaction information query, specifically, according to the transaction hash value provided by input, comparing the historical transaction hash value, and querying the details of a certain carbon asset transaction.
The invention also provides a block chain-based carbon asset transaction system, which comprises an account module, a generation module, an inspection module, a signature module, a packaging storage module, a transaction module and an inquiry module, wherein the account module is used for registering and authenticating block chain carbon asset transaction users, mapping user information and a block chain address, wherein the generating module is used for creating carbon asset data information, the checking module is used for carrying out compliance check on the carbon asset creating data information and/or transaction data information, the signing module is used for generating and decrypting a digital signature, the packing module is used for packing the carbon asset creating data information and/or transaction data information into a block, and the transaction module is used for the buyer and the seller to issue transaction information and carry out online real-time transaction to complete payment, and the query module is used for the user to query details of data information before and after carbon asset transaction.
Furthermore, the transaction module comprises a quotation submodule, a matching submodule, a payment submodule and an settlement operator module, wherein the quotation submodule is used for displaying regularly generated K-line data with multiple time periods, the matching submodule is used for acquiring carbon asset transaction data information issued by a buyer or a seller, the carbon asset transaction data information of the buyer and the seller is matched, a result is fed back to the user, the payment submodule is used for confirming transaction, the two parties pay for the transaction in real time, and the settlement operator module is used for automatically clearing and settling the assets and accounts after the transaction is conducted by settlement intelligent contracts.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the method verifies and stores the carbon asset registration data and the transaction data thereof by using the block chain data structure, simplifies the transaction flow of the carbon asset, generates and updates the carbon asset and the transaction data thereof by using a distributed node consensus algorithm, and prevents the data from being tampered in the transaction process; and an intelligent contract composed of programming script codes is used for realizing automatic clearing and settlement of carbon asset transactions, a cryptology public key and a cryptology private key are used for guaranteeing data transmission safety among block chain nodes, a digital signature mode is used for guaranteeing authenticity and credibility of a transaction main body and ensuring non-repudiation of the transactions, the block chain is used for tracing the carbon asset transactions, each transaction is tracked, and transaction efficiency and transaction safety are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of creating carbon asset data information based on blockchains in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block chain based transaction flow diagram for both buyer and seller of a carbon asset in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a carbon asset creating process and an asset data chaining process thereof in a block chain-based carbon asset transaction method according to the present invention, specifically, a carbon asset issuer creates carbon asset data information, checks whether the carbon asset data information is compliant, generates carbon asset records according to the compliant carbon asset data information, packages and records the carbon asset records into a block, adds a new block into a block chain based on a common recognition mechanism, and stores the new block in accounting nodes of each block chain to form a distributed ledger; the carbon asset data information includes, but is not limited to, carbon asset name, number of carbon assets, carbon asset measure units, carbon asset description, carbon asset code.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a transaction flow of a carbon asset in the block chain-based carbon asset transaction method of the present invention and a chain linking process of transaction data thereof, specifically, a seller sends out carbon asset selling information, a buyer sends out a carbon asset purchasing application, a buyer and a seller agree on a transaction target and a transaction amount of the carbon asset, perform a digital signature, check whether the transaction data is compliant, generate a carbon asset transaction record by the compliant transaction data information, package and record the carbon asset transaction record into block chain nodes, add a new block into the block chain based on a common identification mechanism, store the new block in each block chain accounting node, form a distributed ledger, and end a single carbon asset transaction. When transaction data are transmitted among block chain nodes, a sender generates an abstract from a transaction data packet by using a hash function, encrypts the abstract by using a private key to form a digital signature, sends the digital signature and the transaction data packet to a receiver, the receiver calculates the abstract from a received original transaction data packet by using the hash function which is the same as that of the sender, decrypts the digital signature by using a public key of the sender, compares the abstract values, if the abstracts are the same, the block chain nodes of the receiver can confirm that the digital signature and the original transaction data packet are sent by the sender, can confirm that the original transaction data packet is complete and consistent, and each asset transaction has a corresponding hash value. The information recorded in the blockchain accounting node includes, but is not limited to, a transaction hash function, transaction time, carbon asset name, carbon asset issuer address, transaction initiator address, transaction receiver address, transaction asset quantity. And triggering real-time transaction of assets, data, payment, expense and profit sharing and clearing and settling of accounts among all the participants according to clearing and settling intelligent contracts and whether clearing and settling conditions are met or not in the transaction process of the buyer and the seller.
In this embodiment, in the underlying networking based on the P2P protocol, each block link point performs message distribution through the P2P protocol, and the processes of verification, accounting, storage, maintenance, transmission and the like of block chain data are based on a distributed system structure. The system is responsible for ensuring strong consistency of bottom data and preventing attacks from 'malicious' nodes; the intelligent contract encapsulation for carbon asset transaction realizes various scripts, algorithms and contract codes, is the basis of the programmable characteristic of a carbon asset block chain system, and business logic and algorithms established on the block chain realize flexible programming and data operation of the block chain-based carbon asset transaction system. The intelligent contract is written by configuring the scripting language, so that the intelligent transaction of the carbon assets is allowed, and the safe and automatic execution of the transaction is supported. Every asset transaction has a corresponding hash value, has uniqueness, and is identification information. When the asset transaction data is inquired, the historical transaction hash value is compared according to the transaction hash value provided by input, and the inquiry of the transaction details is carried out.
In this embodiment, the method further includes a carbon asset transaction information query, specifically, a historical transaction hash value is compared according to a transaction hash value provided by an input, and a carbon asset transaction detail query is performed at a certain time.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a block chain-based carbon asset transaction system, which comprises an account module, a generation module, an inspection module, a signature module, a packaging storage module, a transaction module and an inquiry module, wherein the account module is used for registration and authentication of block chain carbon asset transaction users, mapping user information and a block chain address, wherein the generating module is used for creating carbon asset data information, the checking module is used for carrying out compliance check on the carbon asset creating data information and/or transaction data information, the signing module is used for generating and decrypting a digital signature, the packing module is used for packing the carbon asset creating data information and/or transaction data information into a block, and the transaction module is used for the buyer and the seller to issue transaction information and carry out online real-time transaction to complete payment, and the query module is used for the user to query details of data information before and after carbon asset transaction.
Specifically, the transaction module comprises a quotation submodule, a matching submodule, a payment submodule and an settlement operator module, wherein the quotation submodule is used for displaying regularly generated K-line data with multiple time periods, the matching submodule is used for acquiring carbon asset transaction data information issued by a buyer or a seller, the carbon asset transaction data information of the buyer and the seller is matched, a result is fed back to a user, the payment submodule is used for confirming a transaction, the two parties pay for the transaction in real time, and the settlement operator module is used for automatically clearing and settling the assets and accounts after the transaction is conducted on an settlement intelligent contract.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A block chain-based carbon asset transaction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps that a carbon asset issuing organization creates carbon asset data information, whether the carbon asset data information is in compliance or not is checked, carbon asset records generated by the carbon asset data information in compliance are packaged and recorded into a block, a new block is added into a block chain based on a consensus mechanism and is stored in accounting nodes of each block chain, and a distributed account book is formed;
(2) the seller sends out carbon asset selling information, the buyer sends out a carbon asset purchasing application, the buyer and the seller reach the agreement of the transaction target and the transaction amount of the carbon asset, digital signature is carried out, whether the transaction data is in compliance is checked, the compliance transaction data information generates a carbon asset transaction record and is packaged and recorded in block chain nodes, new blocks are added into the block chain based on a common identification mechanism and are stored in the accounting nodes of each block chain to form a distributed account book, and the single carbon asset transaction is finished.
2. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction method of claim 1, wherein: in step (1), the carbon asset data information includes, but is not limited to, a carbon asset name, a carbon asset number, a carbon asset measure unit, a carbon asset description, and a carbon asset code.
3. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction method of claim 1, wherein: when transaction data are transmitted among block chain nodes, a sender generates an abstract from a transaction data packet by using a hash function, encrypts the abstract by using a private key to form a digital signature, sends the digital signature and the transaction data packet to a receiver, the receiver calculates the abstract from a received original transaction data packet by using the hash function which is the same as that of the sender, decrypts the digital signature by using a public key of the sender, compares the abstract values, if the abstracts are the same, the block chain nodes of the receiver can confirm that the digital signature and the original transaction data packet are sent by the sender, can confirm that the original transaction data packet is complete and consistent, and each asset transaction has a corresponding hash value.
4. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction method of claim 1, wherein: in step (2), the information recorded in the blockchain accounting node includes, but is not limited to, a transaction hash function, transaction time, a carbon asset name, a carbon asset issuer address, a transaction initiator address, a transaction receiver address, and a transaction asset number.
5. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), according to the clearing settlement intelligent contract in the transaction process of the buyer and the seller, according to whether a clearing settlement condition is met, the clearing settlement of assets, data, payment, expense and profit sharing and accounts among all the participants of the real-time transaction is triggered.
6. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction method of claim 1, wherein: and the method also comprises carbon asset transaction information query, specifically, historical transaction hash values are compared according to the transaction hash values provided by input, and the details of a certain carbon asset transaction are queried.
7. A blockchain-based carbon asset transaction system, comprising: the system comprises an account module, a generating module, a checking module, a signature module, a packing and storing module, a transaction module and an inquiring module, wherein the account module is used for registering and authenticating a block chain carbon asset transaction user to map user information with a block chain address, the generating module is used for creating carbon asset data information, the checking module is used for performing compliance check on the carbon asset creating data information and/or transaction data information, the signature module is used for generating and decrypting a digital signature, the packing module is used for packing the carbon asset creating data information and/or the transaction data information into blocks and storing the blocks in all block chain accounting nodes in a distributed mode, the transaction module is used for issuing transaction information and performing online real-time transaction by buyers and sellers to complete payment, and the inquiring module is used for inquiring details of the data information before and after the carbon asset transaction by the user.
8. The blockchain-based carbon asset transaction system of claim 7, wherein: the transaction module comprises a market condition submodule, a matching submodule, a payment submodule and an settlement operator module, wherein the market condition submodule is used for displaying regularly generated K-line data with multiple time periods, the matching submodule is used for acquiring carbon asset transaction data information issued by a buyer or a seller, the carbon asset transaction data information of the buyer and the seller is matched, a result is fed back to a user, the payment submodule is used for confirming a transaction, the two parties pay for the transaction in real time, and the settlement operator module is used for automatically clearing and settling assets and accounts after the transaction is conducted by settlement intelligent contracts.
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CN116385164A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-07-04 沈阳工业大学 Block chain-based carbon asset transaction system and method
CN116664140A (en) * 2023-08-02 2023-08-29 华北电力大学 Carbon emission right trading method based on blockchain
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CN116664140A (en) * 2023-08-02 2023-08-29 华北电力大学 Carbon emission right trading method based on blockchain
CN116664140B (en) * 2023-08-02 2023-09-29 华北电力大学 Carbon emission right trading method based on blockchain
CN117635145A (en) * 2024-01-26 2024-03-01 中国信息通信研究院 Block chain-based carbon transaction method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
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