CN113756753A - Carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering - Google Patents
Carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering specifically comprises the following steps: a. increasing the yield of the coal bed gas in the coal bed gas development stage; b. sealing and storing carbon dioxide after coal bed gas development; c. performing biological methanation on the carbon dioxide after coal bed gas development; d. capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide discharged after the coal bed gas is developed and utilized is captured and injected into coal reservoir layers of coal mine goafs and abandoned regions, so that carbon dioxide sealing and methanation are realized, the closed-loop operation of the technology is further realized, and the net zero emission is realized. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, wide application range, realization of resource utilization and sealing of carbon dioxide in multiple ways and modes, and great resource significance and environmental significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the engineering field of coal bed gas development and carbon dioxide resource combination, in particular to a carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering.
Background
Fossil energy is currently the leading energy source in human society and is also the largest contributor to atmospheric carbon dioxide. Compared with coal (high-carbon energy), natural gas which belongs to the same fossil energy is efficient medium-low carbon energy, and the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced by about two thirds compared with coal under the condition of generating the same calorific value, so that the natural gas is an important transition energy in the process of converting the fossil energy into low-carbon clean energy. For China still using coal as the main energy consumption body, accelerating the development of natural gas has important significance for realizing the double-carbon target and ensuring the national energy safety. Coal bed gas is an important unconventional natural gas, and the amount of shallow resources of 2000 m in China can reach 36.8 multiplied by 1012 m3. The coal bed gas development of China has been over 40 years, more than 21000 coal bed gas wells are constructed accumulatively, but the commercial yield of the coal bed gas wells is still not one third, a considerable part of the low-yield wells are located in favorable blocks of the coal bed gas development of China, and the exploration of an effective yield increasing technology becomes the focus of attention of people. The coal bed gas bioengineering can convert part of coal into clean methane and be developed and utilized, and is an effective yield increase and emission reduction way for coal bed gas development. In addition, CCUS (CO)2Capture, utilization, and sequestration) are considered indispensable technologies to cope with global climate change, achieve carbon neutralization.
The achievement of the dual carbon goal includes the following major approaches, namely (1) carbon reduction techniques: the unit GDP energy consumption is reduced through energy conservation and consumption reduction; (2) the low-carbon technology comprises the following steps: generating electricity by utilizing wind energy, light energy and the like; (3) the zero-carbon technology comprises the following steps: energy is provided by utilizing hydroelectric power, nuclear power and geothermal heat; (4) carbon-loading technology: the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is reduced by means of forest carbon sequestration, geological sequestration and the like. The carbon source is taken as an efficient and low-cost negative carbon technology, namely Coalbed methane Bioengineering (CGB), and the carbon source can be produced under the conditions of carbon emission reduction, carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization. The concept of CGB is provided by Suxibo et al, which is a special anaerobic fermentation engineering, i.e. a new technology for converting coal part into coal bed gas and liquid phase organic matter associated with the coal bed gas by using some specific functions of microorganism by means of modern engineering technology. The coal reservoir and the coal mine goaf in the abandoned area are the best sealing and storing place of carbon dioxide, and are expected to become the first-choice implementation objects of the CCUS technology. But the cost for realizing carbon dioxide emission reduction in the coal bed gas development process is higher at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering, which has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, wide application range, realization of multi-way and multi-mode resource utilization and sealing of carbon dioxide, and great resource significance and environmental significance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering specifically comprises the following steps:
a. and (3) increasing the yield of the coal bed gas in the coal bed gas development stage: for the condition of temperature and pressure as' reservoir temperatureT c<31.6 ℃ and reservoir pressureP c<The coal reservoir bed under 7.39 MPa adopts microbial anaerobic fermentation to increase the coal bed gas, and the method aims at the temperature and pressure conditions "T c=31.6℃~45℃、P c>Coal reservoir under 7.39 MPa adopts supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined operation to increase coal bed gas, and aims at the temperature and pressure conditions "T c>45℃、P c>Coal storage under 7.39 ″Extracting the coal bed gas by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to increase the yield of the coal bed gas, thereby realizing the development and yield increase of the coal bed gas;
b. and (3) carbon dioxide sequestration after coal bed gas development: the coal mine goaf and the coal reservoir in the abandoned area after coal bed methane development are used as carbon dioxide sealing places, and the carbon dioxide after coal bed methane development is injected into the coal mine goaf and the coal reservoir in the abandoned area for temporary sealing and permanent sealing, so that carbon-negative emission reduction is realized;
c. carbon dioxide biological methanation after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide after the coal bed gas development realizes the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide in the coal reservoir in the coal mine goaf and the abandoned area after the coal bed gas development, and realizes the secondary development of the coal bed gas;
d. capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide discharged after the coal bed gas is developed and utilized is captured and injected into coal reservoir layers of coal mine goafs and abandoned regions, so that carbon dioxide sealing and methanation are realized, the closed-loop operation of the technology is further realized, and the net zero emission is realized.
In the step a, microbial anaerobic fermentation is used for increasing the yield of coal bed gas by microbial modification, the physical and chemical properties of the surface of coal are changed after the coal is acted by microbes, the methane desorption capacity of the coal bed is increased, channels for methane migration and diffusion in the coal bed are increased, the amplification and anti-reflection yield increase is realized, the reservoir pressure is increased to a certain extent by the generated biomethane, the pressure gradient of fluid migration output is increased, and the yield increase is realized; the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined action is to realize degradation, amplification, permeability increase, pressurization and yield increase by modifying a coal reservoir through supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and modifying the reservoir caused by anaerobic fermentation combined action, and can realize biological methanation of carbon dioxide in the process; the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction yield increase is suitable for reservoir layers which are not suitable for microbial growth and metabolism and are more than 1500 m deep, the reservoir layers are modified through supercritical extraction to realize degradation, amplification, permeability increase and pressurization yield increase, coal is partially converted into cleaner methane, and low-carbon emission reduction is realized.
In the step b, the carbon dioxide sealing comprises temporary sealing and permanent sealing, the sealing implementation places are a coal reservoir and a coal mine goaf of the abandoned area, a coal reservoir distribution area which reaches the abandonment pressure and no longer has development value in coal bed gas extraction is called as the abandoned area, the coal reservoir of the abandoned area is the coal reservoir of the abandoned area, carbon dioxide is injected into the coal reservoir with the temperature lower than 45 ℃ of the abandoned area, microorganisms carry out carbon dioxide biological methanation through nutrient substance supply of underground water to realize the temporary sealing of the carbon dioxide, the permanent sealing of the carbon dioxide is realized in the coal reservoir with the temperature higher than 45 ℃ of the abandoned area, the carbon dioxide and quicklime are injected into the coal mine goaf to realize the mineralization sealing of the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide sealing has positive significance for the solidification of the coal mine goaf and is beneficial to the prevention of ecological damage caused by ground settlement.
In the step c, the implementation place is a coal reservoir with the temperature of the coal mine goaf and the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃, the coal reservoir with the temperature of the coal mine goaf can provide a relatively suitable reduction environment for the growth, the propagation and the metabolism of the microorganisms, the smooth proceeding of anaerobic fermentation is ensured, the coal reservoir with the temperature of the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃ is supplied by underground water, sufficient nutrient substances can be provided for the growth and the propagation of the microorganisms, the injected carbon dioxide can generate biological methane under the action of hydrogenotrophic methanogens, the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide is realized, the secondary development of the coal bed gas is further realized, and the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide is a mode for temporarily sealing the carbon dioxide.
In the step d, the developed and utilized coal bed gas is collected after power generation and heating utilization and is continuously injected into a coal mine goaf and a coal reservoir in a abandoned area, so that the carbon dioxide is continuously sealed and biologically methanated, and the resource utilization of the carbon dioxide is realized;
the capture, sequestration and utilization of the carbon dioxide can be accompanied with the development of the coal bed gas and the whole process after the development, and the steps a to d can be operated circularly to realize closed-loop operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and particularly has the following advantages:
(1) undoubtedly, the method provides a basis for the formulation of carbon emission reduction, carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization schemes of coal, coal bed gas and power generation enterprises, is also the perfection of a coal bed gas biological engineering system, and has strong theoretical significance for the richness and extension of the connotation;
(2) the technical process has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and wide application range, and most importantly, the closed-loop operation can be realized, so that the yield increase in the coal bed gas development can be realized, the disposal of the developed carbon dioxide can be solved, and the emission of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be greatly reduced;
(3) can realize the resource utilization and the sealing of the carbon dioxide in multiple ways and ways, and has great resource significance and environmental significance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a technical schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of biomethane production versus carbon dioxide biomethanation for a PDS coal sample in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the change in porosity versus permeability of coal after microbial action in an example of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing pore size distribution before and after the action of coal-like microorganisms in the example of the present invention as a function of pore volume increase.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the stage gas production and the cumulative gas production of biomethane after supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of a PDS coal sample in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of Langmuir volume versus pressure for flat-topped mountain coal-like methane and carbon dioxide in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of supercritical extraction-biological anaerobic fermentation on pore volume (a) and specific surface area (b) in coal in examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed methane bioengineering specifically includes the following steps:
a. and (3) increasing the yield of the coal bed gas in the coal bed gas development stage: for the condition of temperature and pressure as' reservoir temperatureT c<31.6 ℃ and reservoir pressureP c<The coal reservoir bed under 7.39 MPa adopts microbial anaerobic fermentation to increase the coal bed gas, and the method aims at the temperature and pressure conditions "T c=31.6℃~45℃、P c>Coal reservoir under 7.39 MPa adopts supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined operation to increase coal bed gas, and aims at the temperature and pressure conditions "T c>45℃、P c>Extracting the coal bed gas from the coal reservoir under 7.39' by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to increase the yield of the coal bed gas, thereby realizing the development and yield increase of the coal bed gas;
b. and (3) carbon dioxide sequestration after coal bed gas development: the coal mine goaf and the coal reservoir in the abandoned area after coal bed methane development are used as carbon dioxide sealing places, and the carbon dioxide after coal bed methane development is injected into the coal mine goaf and the coal reservoir in the abandoned area for temporary sealing and permanent sealing, so that carbon-negative emission reduction is realized;
c. carbon dioxide biological methanation after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide after the coal bed gas development realizes the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide in the coal reservoir in the coal mine goaf and the abandoned area after the coal bed gas development, and realizes the secondary development of the coal bed gas;
d. capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide discharged after the coal bed gas is developed and utilized is captured and injected into coal reservoir layers of coal mine goafs and abandoned regions, so that carbon dioxide sealing and methanation are realized, the closed-loop operation of the technology is further realized, and the net zero emission is realized.
In the step a, microbial anaerobic fermentation is used for increasing the yield of coal bed gas by microbial modification, the physical and chemical properties of the surface of coal are changed after the coal is acted by microbes, the methane desorption capacity of the coal bed is increased, channels for methane migration and diffusion in the coal bed are increased, the amplification and anti-reflection yield increase is realized, the reservoir pressure is increased to a certain extent by the generated biomethane, the pressure gradient of fluid migration output is increased, and the yield increase is realized; the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined action is to realize degradation, amplification, permeability increase, pressurization and yield increase by modifying a coal reservoir through supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and modifying the reservoir caused by anaerobic fermentation combined action, and can realize biological methanation of carbon dioxide in the process; the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction yield increase is suitable for reservoir layers which are not suitable for microbial growth and metabolism and are more than 1500 m deep, the reservoir layers are modified through supercritical extraction to realize degradation, amplification, permeability increase and pressurization yield increase, coal is partially converted into cleaner methane, and low-carbon emission reduction is realized.
In the step b, the carbon dioxide sealing comprises temporary sealing and permanent sealing, the sealing implementation places are a coal reservoir and a coal mine goaf of the abandoned area, a coal reservoir distribution area which reaches the abandonment pressure and no longer has development value in coal bed gas extraction is called as the abandoned area, the coal reservoir of the abandoned area is the coal reservoir of the abandoned area, carbon dioxide is injected into the coal reservoir with the temperature lower than 45 ℃ of the abandoned area, microorganisms carry out carbon dioxide biological methanation through nutrient substance supply of underground water to realize the temporary sealing of the carbon dioxide, the permanent sealing of the carbon dioxide is realized in the coal reservoir with the temperature higher than 45 ℃ of the abandoned area, the carbon dioxide and quicklime are injected into the coal mine goaf to realize the mineralization sealing of the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide sealing has positive significance for the solidification of the coal mine goaf and is beneficial to the prevention of ecological damage caused by ground settlement.
In the step c, the implementation place is a coal reservoir with the temperature of the coal mine goaf and the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃, the coal reservoir with the temperature of the coal mine goaf can provide a relatively suitable reduction environment for the growth, the propagation and the metabolism of the microorganisms, the smooth proceeding of anaerobic fermentation is ensured, the coal reservoir with the temperature of the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃ is supplied by underground water, sufficient nutrient substances can be provided for the growth and the propagation of the microorganisms, the injected carbon dioxide can generate biological methane under the action of hydrogenotrophic methanogens, the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide is realized, the secondary development of the coal bed gas is further realized, and the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide is a mode for temporarily sealing the carbon dioxide.
In the step d, the developed and utilized coal bed gas is collected after power generation and heating utilization and is continuously injected into a coal mine goaf and a coal reservoir in a abandoned area, so that the carbon dioxide is continuously sealed and biologically methanated, and the resource utilization of the carbon dioxide is realized;
the capture, sequestration and utilization of the carbon dioxide can be accompanied with the development of the coal bed gas and the whole process after the development, and the steps a to d can be operated circularly to realize closed-loop operation.
The coal bed gas yield increase in the coal bed gas development stage is explained by taking a certain mining area of Henan Flat-topped mountains as an example:
(I) microorganism anaerobic fermentation coal bed gas production increase and carbon dioxide biological methanation experiment
Selecting a fresh large coal sample in a flat-topped mountain area as an experimental sample, numbering the sample as PDS, analyzing the coal quality as shown in Table 1, and taking a bacterial liquid domesticated in a laboratory for a long time as a strain source:
TABLE 1 coal quality analysis
Firstly, preparing a coal sample: selecting a high-strength and non-fragile large coal sample with the lumpiness of not less than 100 mm for drilling a coal column with the specification of phi 50 mm multiplied by L50 mm for permeability test; one part of the rest coal sample is crushed into 3-6 mm for mercury suppression test, the other part is crushed into 0.18-0.25 mm coal powder, the rest coal sample is divided into two parts, one part is used for isothermal adsorption test and mercury suppression test, and the other part is used for biological fermentation gas production experiment;
secondly, carrying out isothermal adsorption test, mercury injection test and permeability test on the raw coal;
thirdly, carrying out an anaerobic fermentation gas production experiment of the coal in a laboratory, wherein the experiment is divided into A, B groups, and the experiment A is used for evaluating the gas increasing and degrading effects of CBGB: placing 100g of coal samples with the particle size of 0.18-0.25 mm in a fermentation bottle, adding 1000 mL of bacterial liquid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 according to previous research, setting three groups of parallel samples, monitoring methane yield, evaluating the anti-reflection effect of CBGB (cubic boron nitride) by using a group B experiment, respectively placing prepared coal columns in the fermentation bottle, adding the bacterial liquid according to the proportion for anaerobic fermentation, setting the three groups of parallel samples, simultaneously setting a blank control group, and naming the original coal sample as PDS-1; the coal sample after the microbial treatment is PDS-2, after the anaerobic fermentation gas production of the group A is stopped, a coal bed CO2 biomethanation experiment is simulated, high-purity sterile CO2 gas is continuously introduced on the premise of not adding any nutrient substance and degradation substrate, a gas flowmeter is connected, gas is introduced at the gas flow rate of 20 mL/min for 10min, then anaerobic sealing is carried out, the contribution degree of the fermentation system to carbon dioxide emission reduction is evaluated through the gas production rate of methane and the conversion rate of carbon dioxide, and finally isothermal adsorption, permeability and mercury intrusion tests are carried out on the coal sample after the biological fermentation gas production is finished;
fourth, experimental results
The duration of the methane production peak period of the PDS coal sample is long, the peak value reaches 1.369 mL/g, and the final accumulated methane production amount reaches 4.521 mL/g, as shown in figure 2, so that the coal can generate a certain amount of methane under the action of microorganisms under appropriate conditions, the resource amount in the single well control range of the coal bed gas is increased, the yield is increased, and low-carbon emission reduction is realized;
after the experiment of 40day, 200 mL of carbon dioxide is injected into the fermentation system, the yield of methane begins to rise again in the subsequent 7 days, the cumulative yield of methane in the second stage is 1.85 mL/g, the amount of carbon dioxide converted into methane in the whole fermentation process is calculated to be 2.25 mL/g by the formula (1), and the microbial methanation of the carbon dioxide provides a new way for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, so that the second advantage of the coal bed gas bioengineering is formed:
in formula (1):δthe volume of carbon dioxide converted per gram of coal; v0Is the gas phase volume of carbon dioxide injected;V d1volume of dissolved carbon dioxide after injection;V d2the volume of the dissolved carbon dioxide after the gas production of the second stage is finished;V 0’the volume of the carbon dioxide left in the headspace after the second-stage gas production is finished;V Cthe accumulated amount of carbon dioxide generation for the first stage;m 0the mass of the coal in the fermentation system; the carbon dioxide conversion per gram of coal is shown in table 2:
table 2, carbon dioxide conversion per gram of coal;
the Langmuir volume is generally used for reflecting the adsorption capacity of coal to methane, and the reduction amplitude of the Langmuir volume of a PDS coal sample after anaerobic fermentation is respectively 4.07 percent, which is shown in Table 3, namely the adsorption capacity of coal to methane is reduced, and the desorption capacity of coal is increased, namely degradation is increased;
TABLE 3 adsorption Capacity of coal samples before and after biological action
The permeability of PDS was increased by 37% after microbial action, see figure 3; mercury intrusion experiments show that the total pore volume of a coal sample of PDS after biological methane metabolism is increased to 0.0578 mL/g from original 0.0460 mL/g, the pore volume of large pores is increased remarkably, and small pores and micro pores are not changed greatly, which is shown in figure 4; common methanogens and fermentation bacteria have different shapes and sizes, and the average diameter is several microns to dozens of microns, so that the methanogens and the fermentation bacteria can only propagate and metabolize in some macropores and cracks in coal to degrade part of coal bodies, thereby the permeability of a coal bed is improved intentionally, the microbial degradation of the coal promotes the increase of the porosity, the permeability is improved, and the purposes of increasing the permeability and increasing the yield are achieved.
(II) supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined production increase experiment
The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method is characterized in that the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method is carried out under the conditions that the temperature Tc is more than 31.06 ℃, the pressure Pc is more than 7.39 MPa, the optimal survival temperature of methanogenic flora is 30-50 ℃, the immersion type static supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of a coal sample is carried out at the temperature, the pressure and the time of the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction according to the temperature-pressure condition of the supercritical carbon dioxide and the optimal survival temperature of the flora and by combining the development depth of coalbed methane in a sampling area, the methane yield is used as an evaluation standard, so that the static immersion type supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is adopted, the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method is consistent with the action mode of fracturing fluid containing carbon dioxide after entering a coal reservoir, the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and the anaerobic fermentation experiment of the second stage are carried out, the experiment for researching the yield-increasing mechanism of the coalbed methane by the combined action of the supercritical extraction and the anaerobic fermentation of microorganisms is carried out, in the first stage of experiment, isothermal adsorption and mercury intrusion test of the coal sample after supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is finished are used for evaluating the modification and yield increase mechanism of the supercritical carbon dioxide on the reservoir, the second stage of experiment is divided into A, B groups, the group A experiment is used for evaluating the contribution of the supercritical carbon dioxide to the preparation of biological methane by coal anaerobic fermentation and the desorption capacity of the coal to the methane after the supercritical extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined action, 50 g of the coal sample after the supercritical extraction is taken and placed in a fermentation bottle, adding 500 mL of bacterial liquid according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 according to the previous research, introducing argon for 10min to drive oxygen, sealing, placing in a constant-temperature incubator at 35 ℃, constructing an anaerobic fermentation system by using an original coal sample as a control group, evaluating the pore structure of the coal sample after the combined action of the supercritical carbon dioxide and the microorganism by using a group B experiment, and carrying out an anaerobic fermentation gas production experiment on the coal sample with the diameter of 3-6 mm according to the operation; after anaerobic fermentation gas production is finished, washing the gas by deionized water, and drying the gas for isothermal adsorption and mercury intrusion test;
the experimental results are as follows:
after the PDS coal sample is extracted by the supercritical carbon dioxide, the yield of the biological methane is increased from 1.77 mL/g to 2.91 mL/g, the amplification is 64.40%, the feasibility of promoting the biological methane by the supercritical carbon dioxide is proved again, as shown in figure 5, in addition, the generation rate of the methane and the yield in a peak period are obviously increased after the supercritical carbon dioxide is extracted, therefore, the yield and the yield of the methane can be effectively improved by the combination of the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and the anaerobic fermentation, the amount of coal bed gas resources in a single well control range is increased, and the most direct yield increasing measure is provided;
the output of the coal bed gas is a complex process of depressurization, desorption, diffusion and seepage, and the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and the anaerobic fermentation are combined to cause the modification of a reservoir bed by changing the surface physicochemical property and the pore structure of the coal, thereby effectively realizing the yield increase of the coal bed gas through 'degradation, amplification, permeability increase and pressurization';
after the microbial fracturing fluid and liquid carbon dioxide are injected into the coal bed, the carbon dioxide is converted from liquid to gas, taking a flat-topped mountain coal sample as an example, the Langerhans volume of methane is 26.67 cm3G, Langmuir volume of carbon dioxide 52.35 cm3The adsorption capacity of carbon dioxide is higher than that of methane, as shown in figure 6, according to the characteristic that carbon dioxide is preferentially adsorbed, partial methane can be replaced, and the degradation and yield increase are realized;
after the carbon dioxide is gasified, the temperature and the pressure of the supercritical reservoir are gradually balanced, the supercritical extraction of the coal is carried out, and the oxygen content of the coal sample after the first-stage extractionThe functional groups are reduced to different degrees, and the Langerhans volume of the PDS coal sample is reduced from 17.59 cm after extraction3The/g is reduced to 17.18 cm3The reduction amplitude is 2.33%, the specific surface area of micropores in the coal is reduced in different degrees, and the reduction of the Langerhans volume is determined, namely the methane desorption capacity of the coal is increased;
after extraction, after the microorganisms utilize the extracted residual coal, the reduction amplitude of the Langerhans volume of the PDS coal sample is 2.15%, see Table 4, and meanwhile, the specific surface area of total pores in the coal is continuously reduced and mainly reflected on micropores, see FIG. 7, which also shows that the methane adsorption capacity of the residual coal after biological action is further weakened, and the desorption of coal bed gas is further promoted;
TABLE 4 change in volume of raw coal and blue after first and second stage treatment, mL/g
The desorption and diffusion rate of the upstream determines the output rate of the coal bed gas in the seepage stage of the downstream, and the mercury intrusion test result shows that the tortuosity of pores of the PDS coal sample is reduced from 7.14% to 6.71% after extraction, and the reduction amplitude is 6.02%; the tortuosity is further reduced to 6.61% after the second stage of biological anaerobic fermentation, the amplitude reduction is 1.50%, the complexity of pores in the coal is generally reduced after the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and the anaerobic fermentation, and the throat width of the pores in the coal reservoir is further widened after the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, so that the diffusion capacity of the coal bed gas is improved, the diffusion migration of the coal bed gas is facilitated, and the amplification and yield increase are realized;
the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined action realizes the upstream amplification and the downstream anti-reflection, the carbon dioxide enters pores of coal in a liquid phase, when Ts =0 ℃ and Ps =101.325 KPa, 1 ton of liquid carbon dioxide can generate 510 square gaseous carbon dioxide, and in the process of rapid expansion of gasification volume, when the expansion pressure exceeds the fracture pressure of a coal reservoir, microcracks are generated, so that carbon dioxide phase change fracturing increases a gas migration channel, particularly a microcrack channel between matrix pores and fracture is increased, and the porosity of a PDS coal sample is increased from 6.07% to 10.88% after the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction; the increase of macropores is most remarkable, the total pore volume of the PDS coal sample is increased from 0.0451 cm3/g to 0.0885 cm3/g, which shows that the source for increasing the pore volume of macropores not only comprises extraction macropores, but also has corrosion conversion of part of small pores in the middle into macropores, and in addition, the breakthrough pressure of mercury entering the PDS coal sample is reduced from 1.00 psia of raw coal to 0.95 psia, and the permeability of a coal reservoir is proved to be remarkably improved after supercritical carbon dioxide extraction;
after the second stage of biological anaerobic fermentation occurs, the porosity in the coal reservoir and the pore volume of macropores are continuously increased, the porosity of the PDS coal sample is continuously increased from 10.88% to 12.01% after the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, and the pore volume of the macropores is increased from 0.0676 cm3/g to 0.0768 cm3/g after the extraction; in general, after the coal sample is subjected to combined action of supercritical extraction and biological anaerobic fermentation, the pore connectivity is improved, the pore volume of macropores is greatly increased, further the downstream channel of coal bed methane transportation and output is increased, and the anti-reflection and yield increase are realized.
The above embodiments are merely to illustrate rather than to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that; modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A carbon emission reduction method based on coal bed gas bioengineering is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. and (3) increasing the yield of the coal bed gas in the coal bed gas development stage: for the condition of temperature and pressure as' reservoir temperatureT c<31.6 ℃ and reservoir pressureP c<The coal reservoir bed under 7.39 MPa adopts microbial anaerobic fermentation to increase the coal bed gas, and the method aims at the temperature and pressure conditions "T c=31.6℃~45℃、P c>The coal reservoir under 7.39 MPa' adopts supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined operation to increase the coal bed gas, and the temperature and pressure conditions are“T c>45℃、P c>Extracting the coal bed gas from the coal reservoir under 7.39' by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction to increase the yield of the coal bed gas, thereby realizing the development and yield increase of the coal bed gas;
b. and (3) carbon dioxide sequestration after coal bed gas development: the coal mine goaf and the coal reservoir in the abandoned area after coal bed methane development are used as carbon dioxide sealing places, and the carbon dioxide after coal bed methane development is injected into the coal mine goaf and the coal reservoir in the abandoned area for temporary sealing and permanent sealing, so that carbon-negative emission reduction is realized;
c. carbon dioxide biological methanation after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide after the coal bed gas development realizes the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide in the coal reservoir in the coal mine goaf and the abandoned area after the coal bed gas development, and realizes the secondary development of the coal bed gas;
d. capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide after coal bed gas development: the carbon dioxide discharged after the coal bed gas is developed and utilized is captured and injected into coal reservoir layers of coal mine goafs and abandoned regions, so that carbon dioxide sealing and methanation are realized, the closed-loop operation of the technology is further realized, and the net zero emission is realized.
2. The carbon emission reduction method based on coalbed methane bioengineering according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, microbial anaerobic fermentation is used for increasing the yield of coal bed gas by microbial modification, the physical and chemical properties of the surface of coal are changed after the coal is acted by microbes, the methane desorption capacity of the coal bed is increased, channels for methane migration and diffusion in the coal bed are increased, the amplification and anti-reflection yield increase is realized, the reservoir pressure is increased to a certain extent by the generated biomethane, the pressure gradient of fluid migration output is increased, and the yield increase is realized; the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-anaerobic fermentation combined action is to realize degradation, amplification, permeability increase, pressurization and yield increase by modifying a coal reservoir through supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and modifying the reservoir caused by anaerobic fermentation combined action, and can realize biological methanation of carbon dioxide in the process; the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction yield increase is suitable for reservoir layers which are not suitable for microbial growth and metabolism and are more than 1500 m deep, the reservoir layers are modified through supercritical extraction to realize degradation, amplification, permeability increase and pressurization yield increase, coal is partially converted into cleaner methane, and low-carbon emission reduction is realized.
3. The carbon emission reduction method based on coalbed methane bioengineering according to claim 2, wherein: in the step b, the carbon dioxide sealing comprises temporary sealing and permanent sealing, the sealing implementation places are a coal reservoir and a coal mine goaf of the abandoned area, a coal reservoir distribution area which reaches the abandonment pressure and no longer has development value in coal bed gas extraction is called as the abandoned area, the coal reservoir of the abandoned area is the coal reservoir of the abandoned area, microbial fracturing fluid and carbon dioxide are simultaneously injected into the coal reservoir with the temperature of the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃, the microorganisms carry out carbon dioxide biological methanation through underground water nutrient substance supply to realize the temporary sealing of the carbon dioxide, the permanent sealing of the carbon dioxide is realized in the coal reservoir with the temperature of the abandoned area higher than 45 ℃, the carbon dioxide and quicklime are injected into the coal mine to realize the mineralization sealing of the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide sealing has positive significance for the solidification of the coal mine goaf, and is beneficial to the prevention of ecological damage caused by ground settlement.
4. The carbon emission reduction method based on coalbed methane bioengineering according to claim 3, wherein: in the step c, the implementation place is a coal reservoir with the temperature of the coal mine goaf and the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃, the coal reservoir with the temperature of the coal mine goaf can provide a relatively suitable reduction environment for the growth, the propagation and the metabolism of the microorganisms, the smooth proceeding of anaerobic fermentation is ensured, the coal reservoir with the temperature of the abandoned area lower than 45 ℃ is supplied by underground water, sufficient nutrient substances can be provided for the growth and the propagation of the microorganisms, the injected carbon dioxide can generate biological methane under the action of hydrogenotrophic methanogens, the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide is realized, the secondary development of the coal bed gas is further realized, and the biological methanation of the carbon dioxide is a mode for temporarily sealing the carbon dioxide.
5. The carbon emission reduction method based on coalbed methane bioengineering according to claim 4, wherein: in the step d, the developed and utilized coal bed gas is collected after power generation and heating utilization and is continuously injected into a coal mine goaf and a coal reservoir in a abandoned area, so that the carbon dioxide is continuously sealed and biologically methanated, and the resource utilization of the carbon dioxide is realized;
the capture, sequestration and utilization of the carbon dioxide can be accompanied with the development of the coal bed gas and the whole process after the development, and the steps a to d can be operated circularly to realize closed-loop operation.
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| CN114320447A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-12 | 北京科技大学 | Efficient utilization and secondary sequestration method for carbon resources of deep coal seam difficult to mine |
| CN115059445A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-16 | 成都理工大学 | Method and system for geological sequestration of carbon dioxide in depleted reservoirs |
| CN115492557A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep non-recoverable coal seam CO 2 Sealing and coal bed gas negative pressure extraction device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114320447A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-12 | 北京科技大学 | Efficient utilization and secondary sequestration method for carbon resources of deep coal seam difficult to mine |
| CN115059445A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-16 | 成都理工大学 | Method and system for geological sequestration of carbon dioxide in depleted reservoirs |
| CN115492557A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep non-recoverable coal seam CO 2 Sealing and coal bed gas negative pressure extraction device and method |
| CN115492557B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-11-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep non-recoverable coal seam CO 2 Sealing and storing device and method for extracting coalbed methane under negative pressure |
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