CN113745953A - Method for reducing mode locking threshold of laser by injecting synchronous optical pulse - Google Patents
Method for reducing mode locking threshold of laser by injecting synchronous optical pulse Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing a mode locking threshold of a laser by injecting synchronous optical pulses, which comprises the following steps: step 1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of a laser module to be mode-locked by using an injection light module; step 2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting an injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse; and 3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, so that the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser is reduced, and ultrashort pulse light is output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrafast laser mode locking technology, in particular to a method for reducing a laser mode locking threshold by injecting synchronous optical pulses.
Background
Ultrashort pulses have extremely narrow time domain width and extremely high peak power, and have a lot of uses in scientific research and industrial production, such as laser-induced nuclear fusion, laser precision machining, laser biomedical, high-speed optical communication, and the like. The important basic technical means for generating the ultrashort pulse is mode locking, and active or passive modulation is added to enable the longitudinal modes of different oscillations in the laser spectrum to have a determined phase relation, so that the longitudinal modes of the different oscillations are coherently superposed to obtain the ultrashort pulse with extremely high peak power.
The mode locking technique is largely classified into active mode locking and passive mode locking. The active mode locking can adopt an electro-optic modulator or an acousto-optic modulator, the active modulator is arranged in a laser resonant cavity, the loss of the cavity is periodically changed under the action of an external electrical driving signal, the amplitude of each longitudinal mode is further changed, the longitudinal modes of which the phases can be coherently superposed are selected to generate resonance enhancement, and the active mode locking is realized. The passive mode locking technology can be realized by adopting a saturated absorber of a semiconductor type, a dye type and the like, a transmission or reflection type saturated absorber is added in a cavity, large loss is introduced into a weak optical signal, small loss is introduced into a strong optical signal, the strong optical signal returns to the cavity for multiple times to obtain gain, and multiple longitudinal modes are coherently superposed to realize ultrashort pulse output. In addition, the currently widely used titanium sapphire ultrashort pulse laser realizes ultrashort pulse output through kerr lens effect self-mode locking, in the mode locking mode, a high-intensity optical pulse generates a kerr lens in a medium, and only a strong pulse can stably exist in a resonant cavity after repeated round trip.
However, the above active or passive mode locking technique still faces the problems of high mode locking threshold and additional excitation required to realize self-starting mode locking. For example, the modulator added in active mode locking inevitably introduces extra loss into the cavity, which results in an increase of the mode locking threshold, and after the resonant cavity realizes mode locking, the loss caused by the modulator causes the reduction of the conversion efficiency of the pump light each time the laser goes back and forth in the cavity. In passive mode locking, in order to realize self-starting mode locking, pumping power is generally increased, a random spike pulse is introduced to excite mode locking, and after mode locking is realized, the pumping power is reduced for protecting a saturated absorber, but the spike pulse has large energy and often damages the saturated absorber. In titanium sapphire self-locking mode, a mode of realizing mode locking is to move a reflector of a resonant cavity, excitation pulse is introduced in a mechanical disturbance mode, the mechanical disturbance can influence the alignment of an optical path, the excitation process of the mode locking is completely random, the spectrum shape and distribution after the mode locking are inconsistent, and the consistency and the stability of ultrashort pulse output are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing a mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse.
The invention provides a method for reducing a mode locking threshold of a laser by injecting synchronous optical pulses, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, an injection light module is adopted to generate injection light pulse with the repetition frequency close to that of a laser module to be mode-locked.
And 2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting an injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
And 3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-locked laser module, so that the mode locking threshold of the to-be-locked laser is reduced, and ultrashort pulse light is output.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 1, the injection light module includes a first pump source, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a first gain medium, a first mode locking device, a delay adjuster, a first output coupler, a first filter device, and 2 first cavity mirrors.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the pump laser generated by the first pump source is coupled to the first gain medium through the first wavelength division multiplexer to generate stray sub-pulses, and the phase of the stray sub-pulses is constant through the first mode locking device to realize mode locking; the repetition frequencies of the injection optical module and the laser module to be mode-locked are the same through a delay regulator; a specific wavelength is selected by the first filter device and the injected light pulse is output through the first output coupler.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 1, the injection light module includes a first pump source, a first dichroic mirror, a first gain medium, a first mode-locking device, a first output coupler, a first filter device, and 2 mirrors.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the first pumping source acts on the first gain medium through the first dichroic mirror to generate stray sub-pulses, and the phase of the stray sub-pulses is constant through the first mode locking device to realize mode locking; placing one of the reflectors on a displacement platform to enable the repetition frequency of the injection optical module and the repetition frequency of the laser module to be mode-locked to be the same; a specific wavelength is selected by the first filter device and the injected light pulse is output through the first output coupler.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 1, the injection optical module is a directly modulated semiconductor laser, and the directly modulated semiconductor laser generates injection optical pulses with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 2, an injected light optimization module is used for optimizing the injected light pulse, specifically, amplifying the power of the injected light pulse, and meanwhile, performing spectral filtering on the spectrum of the injected light to select a specific wavelength to generate the optimized injected light pulse.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 3, the laser module to be mode-locked includes a second pumping source, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a second gain medium, a second mode locking device, a dual-wavelength coupling device, a second filter, a second output coupler, and 2 second cavity mirrors.
The process of outputting the ultrashort pulsed light is as follows:
the optimization injected light pulse generated by the injected light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through the dual-wavelength coupling device, the second pumping source acts on the second gain medium through the second wavelength division multiplexer to generate stray sub-pulses, the stray sub-pulses have a cross phase modulation effect in the interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that the part of the stray sub-pulses, which is overlapped with the optimization injected light pulse time, obtains extra phase modulation, stable optimization injected light pulse is formed after multiple oscillations, finally, the optimization injected light pulse in the to-be-locked laser module is filtered by the second filter device, and ultrashort pulsed light is output through the second output coupling device.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 3, the to-be-mode-locked laser module includes a second pumping source, two second dichroic mirrors, a second gain medium, a second mode locking device, a second output coupler, and 2 reflecting mirrors.
The process of outputting the ultrashort pulsed light is as follows:
the optimized injection light pulse generated by the injection light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through one of the second dichroic mirrors, the second pumping source acts on a second gain medium through the other second dichroic mirror to generate stray sub-pulses, and the stray sub-pulses have a cross phase modulation effect in an interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that extra phase modulation is obtained on the part, overlapped with the optimized injection light pulse, in the stray sub-pulses, stable optimized injection light pulses are formed after multiple oscillations, and ultrashort pulse light is output through the second output coupling device.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse further has the following characteristics: in step 3, the injected optical pulse and the stray sub-pulse are optimized to assist in establishing the mode locking process of the laser to be mode-locked under the cross phase modulation effect, so that the purpose of reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser to be mode-locked is achieved.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse, the injected optical module is adopted to generate the injected optical pulse with the repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be locked, the injected optical pulse is optimized by the injected optical optimization module to generate the optimized injected optical pulse, and the optimized injected optical pulse is injected into the laser module to be locked, so that the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked is reduced, and the ultrashort pulse light is output. The injected light pulse with the repetition frequency close to that of the laser to be locked is injected in the process, the establishment of the mode locking process of the laser to be locked is assisted under the action of cross phase modulation, the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked is greatly reduced, and the problems that the spectrum and the pumping power are slightly different when a single pulse is generated due to the random occurrence of the mode locking state in the mode locking process of a single laser, the stability of the mode locking state is poor, the mode locking pumping power is high, the mode locking device is damaged by the instantly strong spike pulse of the mode locking and the like are solved.
The delay regulator and the filter are added in the injection light module to actively control the repetition frequency and the spectral parameters of the injected light pulse, the power amplification module and the spectral filtering module realize the control of the power value and the final spectral parameters, the close repetition frequency ensures that the overlapping part of the time part of the optimized injection light pulse and the time part of the pulse with the mode locking is as much as possible, and the stronger the modulation effect is, the more easily the mode locking state is achieved.
The power amplification ensures the control of the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked under different injection powers; the spectrum filtering can select specific wavelength from the injection light source in a certain range and is more beneficial to synchronous spectrum parameters, the stability of the whole system is improved, and in addition, the mismatch length and the output spectrum of the laser to be mode-locked can be actively controlled by controlling the spectrum of the injected light pulse. Therefore, the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked can be effectively reduced by adjusting the injected optical pulse parameters, the mismatch distance can be flexibly controlled, the output spectrum can be controlled, the service life of the laser can be prolonged, the later maintenance cost can be reduced, and the mode locking state stability of the laser can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the mechanism of action of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronous optical pulse in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of mode-locking assisted by a method of injecting synchronized optical pulses to reduce the mode-locking threshold of a laser in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 7 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement objects and the effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
< example 1>
In example 1, a method of injecting a synchronization optical pulse to reduce the laser mode-locking threshold is provided.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for injecting a synchronization optical pulse to reduce the mode-locking threshold of a laser in example 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronization optical pulse according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
in step S1, as shown in fig. 2, the injection module 100 is a pulse laser with controllable repetition frequency and spectral parameters, and includes a first pump source, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a first gain medium, a first mode-locking device, a delay adjuster, a first output coupler, a first filter, and 2 first cavity mirrors.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the pump laser generated by the first pump source is coupled to the first gain medium through the first wavelength division multiplexer to generate stray sub-pulses, and the phase of the stray sub-pulses is constant through the first mode locking device to realize mode locking; the repetition frequencies of the injection optical module and the laser module to be mode-locked are the same through a delay regulator; a specific wavelength is selected by the first filter device and the injected light pulse is output through the first output coupler.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
In step S2, the injected light optimization module 200 is used to optimize the injected light pulse, specifically, amplify the power of the injected light pulse, and perform spectral filtering on the spectrum of the injected light to select a specific wavelength, thereby generating an optimized injected light pulse.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
In step S3, as shown in fig. 2, the to-be-mode-locked laser module 300 includes a second pump source, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a second gain medium, a second mode locking device, a dual wavelength coupling device, a second filter, a second output coupler, and 2 second cavity mirrors.
The process of outputting the ultrashort pulsed light is as follows:
the optimization injected light pulse generated by the injected light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through the dual-wavelength coupling device, the second pumping source acts on the second gain medium through the second wavelength division multiplexer to generate stray sub-pulses, the stray sub-pulses have a cross phase modulation effect in the interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that the part of the stray sub-pulses, which is overlapped with the optimization injected light pulse time, obtains extra phase modulation, stable optimization injected light pulse is formed after multiple oscillations, finally, the optimization injected light pulse in the to-be-locked laser module is filtered by the second filter device, and ultrashort pulsed light is output through the second output coupling device.
In step S3, the injected optical pulse and the stray sub-pulse are optimized to assist in establishing the mode locking process of the to-be-mode-locked laser under the cross-phase modulation effect, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in example 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the mechanism of this embodiment is mainly that the injected synchronization pulse and the stray pulse generated by the laser to be mode-locked generate cross phase modulation due to the interaction medium, so that the laser to be mode-locked can generate pulse light without reaching its mode-locking threshold, that is, reach the mode-locking state, then filter the optimized injected optical pulse by the filter device, and finally output the required ultrashort pulse at the low mode-locking threshold. First the injected light pulse spacing and spectral parameters are determined by the laser that produces the injected light pulses. Generally, a laser passes through several states before reaching a mode-locked state, which are: no signal, stray pulse, unstable transfer Q pulse and stable transfer Q pulse, the laser state depends on intracavity pumping power, consequently if want to reach the mode locking state then the intracavity need enough high energy reach certain mode locking threshold promptly, consequently when not reaching the mode locking threshold and pumping power is lower, wait that the mode locking laser is in and produces the stray pulse state.
Optimizing the injected light pulse and meeting with the stray pulse through dual wavelength coupling device, in the interaction medium, optimizing the change of injected light pulse intensity can cause the change of medium refractive index to make the stray pulse the same with its propagation direction take place the cross phase modulation with it, the part of overlapping with optimizing the injected light pulse time obtains extra phase modulation in the stray pulse promptly, thereby obtains extra gain in waiting mode-locked laser module mode locking process, forms the pulse through the multiple oscillation in the intracavity at last. In order to finally output the pulse only containing the laser to be locked, a filter device is added before the pulse passes through the output coupler, so that the optimized injected light pulse is filtered, and the ultrashort pulse with a specific wavelength is output.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of mode locking assisted by a method of injecting a synchronization optical pulse to reduce the mode locking threshold of a laser in example 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, in the mode locking process of a single laser, the mode locking state conversion is mainly completed by the intra-cavity pump power, and a stray pulse generated at a low pump power can only reach the mode locking state by increasing the pump power of the laser itself without any disturbance, and in the conversion process, a spike pulse often occurs to excite mode locking, and the occurrence time and the occurrence frequency of the spike pulse in the conversion process are random. Because the peak pulse energy is large, the device in the cavity is easy to damage, and therefore, a certain cavity damage risk exists in the mode locking process of a single laser.
The injection mode locking is to inject a mode locking pulse with certain power under the condition that the laser to be mode-locked is low pump power and generates stray pulses, the optical pulse disturbs the laser which is not enough to mode lock under the low pump power and induces a Q-switched mode locking state, and the injection of proper pulse power is the premise that the Q-switched envelope is generated by cross phase modulation with the stray pulses.
At this time, the difference between the pulse repetition frequency of the optical pulse and the pulse repetition frequency of the laser to be mode-locked is large, so that the Q-switching envelope interval is also large, and the mode-locking state cannot be formed. When the repetition frequency difference between the light pulse and the stray pulse is almost zero, the cross phase modulation intensity is maximum, and the Q-switching envelope interval is minimum, so that the mode locking state is achieved. The method of injecting auxiliary mode locking makes stray pulse state pass Q-switching mode locking state in mode locking state, so that the energy in cavity can be changed stably and uniformly, the risk of device damage caused by spike pulse is avoided, and the mode locking threshold of the laser to be mode locked is effectively reduced.
< example 2>
In embodiment 2, a specific application of step S1 to step S3 in embodiment 1 is provided.
In the embodiment, an optical fiber device structure is mainly adopted, and both the injection optical module and the to-be-mode-locked laser module adopt a semiconductor saturable absorption mirror passive mode locking mode.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
The injection optical module comprises a first pump source 11, a first wavelength division multiplexer 12, a first gain medium 13, a first mode locking device 14, a delay regulator device 15, a first output coupler 16, a first filter device 17 and two first cavity mirrors 10 and 18.
In the embodiment, the two first cavity mirrors 10 and 18 adopt fiber Bragg gratings; the mode locking device 14 adopts a saturable absorber, and the mode locking mode is passive mode locking; the delay regulator 15 changes the repetition frequency by regulating the cavity length, so that the output pulse and the pulse to be mode-locked reach a synchronous state; the first filter device 17 is a band-pass filter and functions to select the injected optical pulses of a specific wavelength that matches the pulses to be mode-locked.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the pump laser generated by the first pump source 11 is coupled to the first gain medium 13 through the first wavelength division multiplexer 12 to generate stray sub-pulses, and the phases of the stray sub-pulses are constant through the saturable absorber 14, so that mode locking is realized; the repetition frequencies of the injection optical module and the laser module to be mode-locked are the same through a time delay regulator device 15; a specific wavelength is selected by the band pass filter 17 and the injected optical pulse is output through the first output coupler 16.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
In this embodiment, the injection optical optimization module includes a power amplification module and a spectrum filtering module, where the power amplification module includes a pump source 21, a wavelength division multiplexer 22, and a gain medium 23; the spectral filtering module is a bandwidth filter 24.
The optimization process of the injected light optimization module comprises the following steps:
the output end of the output coupler 16 of the injection optical module is connected with an isolator 20, and the isolator 20 between the injection optical module and the injection optical optimization module is used for preventing return light generated in the amplification process from damaging elements in the cavity; the injected light pulse passing through the isolator 20 is coupled to the pumping source 21 through the wavelength division multiplexer 22, so that the power amplification of the injected light pulse is realized, and the mode locking threshold of the laser to be mode locked is reduced; the output end of the power amplification module is directly connected with the spectrum filtering module formed by the bandwidth filter 24, and outputs the optimized injection light pulse.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
The laser module to be mode-locked in this embodiment includes a second pump source 31, a second wavelength division multiplexer 31, a second gain medium 33, a second mode locking device 34, a dual-wavelength coupling device 35, a second filter device 36, a second output coupler 37, and 2 second cavity mirrors 30 and 38.
The process of outputting ultrashort pulse light by the mode-locked laser module is as follows:
the optimized injection light pulse is injected into the to-be-locked laser module through the dual-wavelength coupling device 35, stray pulses can only be generated in the to-be-locked laser module cavity due to the fact that the power of the second pumping source 31 does not reach a mode locking threshold value, but the to-be-locked pulses are modulated due to the fact that the interaction of the optimized injection light pulse and the stray pulses in the dual-wavelength coupling device 35 enables the to-be-locked pulses to be modulated, stable light pulses are generated, and the whole laser also reaches a mode locking state. And finally, filtering the optimized injected optical pulse through a band-pass filter 36, thereby realizing the output of the ultrashort pulse and finally realizing the method for effectively reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser through injecting the synchronous optical pulse.
< example 3>
In embodiment 3, a specific application of step S1 to step S3 in embodiment 1 is provided.
In the embodiment, an optical fiber device structure is mainly adopted, and both the injection optical module and the to-be-mode-locked laser module adopt a 9-word cavity structured nonlinear amplification ring mirror passive mode locking mode.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
The injection light module comprises a central coupler 11, a first pump source 12, a first wavelength division multiplexer 13, a first gain medium 14, a first mode locking device 15, a delay regulator device 17, a first output coupler 16, a first filter device 18 and a first cavity mirror 10.
In this embodiment, the first cavity mirror 10 adopts a fiber bragg grating; the mode locking device 14 adopts a phase shifter, and the mode locking mode is passive mode locking.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the gain medium 14 in the injection optical module generates a light source of a corresponding wave band, then the fiber bragg grating 10 has a reflection effect on the light of a specific wavelength, so the reflected light is divided into two beams of light with opposite transmission directions and same intensity by the central coupler 11, in the transmission process, due to the effect of the nonlinear effects of self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation related to the intensity, a certain nonlinear phase shift is generated when the two beams of light make a round trip in a nonlinear ring cavity, and due to the addition of a phase shifter in the ring cavity, the two beams of light passing through different paths obtain different nonlinear phase shifts, when the two beams of light return to the central coupler 11 again, interference occurs to generate an ultrashort pulse, and the ultrashort pulse has a delay adjuster device 17 and a band-pass filter 18 in the injection optical module, so the repetition frequency and the spectral parameters thereof can be changed, the ultrashort pulse after the control parameter outputs an injection optical pulse through the first output coupler 16.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
In this embodiment, the injection optical optimization module includes a power amplification module and a spectrum filtering module, where the power amplification module includes a pump source 21, a wavelength division multiplexer 22, and a gain medium 23; the spectral filtering module is a bandwidth filter 24.
The optimization process of the injected light optimization module comprises the following steps:
the output end of the output coupler 16 of the injection optical module is connected with an isolator 20, and the isolator 20 between the injection optical module and the injection optical optimization module is used for preventing return light generated in the amplification process from damaging elements in the cavity; the optimized injection light pulse after passing through the power amplification module passes through the band-pass filter 24 and then outputs an optimized injection light pulse.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
The laser module to be mode-locked in this embodiment includes a central coupler 34, a second pump source 33, a second wavelength division multiplexer 32, a second gain medium 31, a second mode-locking device 38, a dual-wavelength coupling device 30, a second filter device 36, a second output coupler 37, and a second cavity mirror 35.
The process of outputting ultrashort pulse light by the mode-locked laser module is as follows:
the optimized injection light pulse is injected into the laser module to be mode-locked through the dual-wavelength coupling device 30, the laser module to be mode-locked and the injection light module have the same mode locking mechanism, but the power of the second pump source 33 is lower than the mode locking threshold, so that only stray pulses can be generated, interaction between the optimized injection light pulse and the stray pulses in the optical fiber is optimized, cross phase modulation is generated, and finally ultrashort pulse light is generated and output through the second output coupler 37, and finally the method for effectively reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser through injection of the synchronous light pulse is achieved.
< example 4>
In example 4, a method of injecting a synchronization optical pulse to reduce the laser mode-locking threshold is provided.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulses comprises the following steps:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
In step S1, the injection light module includes a first pump source, a first dichroic mirror, a first gain medium, a first mode-locking device, a first output coupler, a first filter device, and 2 mirrors.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the first pumping source acts on the first gain medium through the first dichroic mirror to generate stray sub-pulses, and the phase of the stray sub-pulses is constant through the first mode locking device to realize mode locking; placing one of the reflectors on a displacement platform to enable the repetition frequency of the injection optical module and the repetition frequency of the laser module to be mode-locked to be the same; a specific wavelength is selected by the first filter device and the injected light pulse is output through the first output coupler.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
In step S2, the injected light optimization module is used to optimize the injected light pulse, specifically, amplify the power of the injected light pulse, and perform spectral filtering on the spectrum of the injected light to select a specific wavelength.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
In step S3, the to-be-mode-locked laser module includes a second pump source, two second dichroic mirrors, a second gain medium, a second mode-locking device, a second output coupler, and 2 mirrors.
The process of outputting ultrashort pulse light by the mode-locked laser module is as follows:
the optimized injection light pulse generated by the injection light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through one of the second dichroic mirrors, the second pumping source acts on a second gain medium through the other second dichroic mirror to generate stray sub-pulses, and the stray sub-pulses have a cross phase modulation effect in an interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that extra phase modulation is obtained on the part, overlapped with the optimized injection light pulse, in the stray sub-pulses, stable optimized injection light pulses are formed after multiple oscillations, and ultrashort pulse light is output through the second output coupling device.
In step S3, the injected optical pulse and the stray sub-pulse are optimized to assist in establishing the mode locking process of the to-be-mode-locked laser under the cross-phase modulation effect, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser.
< example 5>
In embodiment 5, a specific application of step S1 to step S3 in embodiment 4 is provided.
In this embodiment, a spatial device structure is mainly adopted, and both the injection optical module and the to-be-mode-locked laser module are solid lasers, so that this embodiment is mainly applied to and reduces the mode locking threshold of the solid lasers, such as the existing titanium sapphire lasers.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 5 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
The injection optical module in this embodiment includes a first pump source 12, a first dichroic mirror 11, a first gain medium 13, a first mode-locking device 14, a first output coupler 15, a first filter device 16, and 2 mirrors 10 and 17.
In this embodiment, the first mold locking device 14 uses a saturable absorber, and the first dichroic mirror 11 uses a dichroic mirror.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the pump laser generated by the first pump source 12 is coupled to the first gain medium 13 through the dichroic mirror 11, then the narrow modulation of the pulse is realized through the saturable absorber 14 with nonlinear absorption and reflection characteristics along with the change of the input light intensity, the pump laser oscillates back and forth between the two cavity mirrors 10 and 17, and finally the stable mode-locked pulse is output through the output coupler 15. The cavity mirror 17 can be placed on the displacement platform, the length of the cavity can be controlled by adjusting the screw rod or the motor, so that the repetition frequency of the injection optical module is the same as the repetition frequency of the laser to be mode-locked, the spectral parameters of the injection optical pulse are actively controlled by adjusting the first filter 16, and the optimization of the repetition frequency and the spectral parameters can help the injection optical pulse to more effectively reduce the mode-locking threshold of the laser to be mode-locked.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
In this embodiment, the injection optical optimization module includes a power amplification module and a spectral filtering module, where the power amplification module includes a pump source 22 and a gain medium 21; the spectral filtering module is a bandwidth filter 23.
The injected light pulse output by the injected light module enters the gain medium 21 after passing through the isolator 20, and is power-amplified by the excitation of the pumping source 22, wherein the isolator ensures the unidirectional transmission of the injected light pulse so as to prevent the injected light pulse from returning to light and damaging devices in the cavity due to mirror reflection and the like, and the power of the injected light pulse is changed by controlling the power amplification module, so that the reduction of the degree of the mode locking threshold of the laser to be mode-locked is influenced. The amplified injected light pulse is subjected to a change in spectral parameters of the amplified pulse by an optimizing filter 23 to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
The laser module to be mode-locked in this embodiment includes a second pump source 32, two second dichroic mirrors 31 and 35, a second gain medium 33, a second mode-locking device 34, a second output coupler 36, and 2 reflecting mirrors 30 and 37.
In this embodiment, the second mode locking device 34 employs a saturable absorber, and the two second dichroic mirrors 31 and 35 employ a dichroic mirror.
The process of outputting ultrashort pulse light by the mode-locked laser module is as follows:
the optimized injected light pulse is injected into the laser module to be mode-locked through the dichroic mirror 35, the optimized injected light pulse and the stray pulse act together in the same propagation direction for a period of time, so that cross phase modulation is caused to finally generate stable mode-locking pulses and the stable mode-locking pulses are output through the second output coupler 36, and finally the method for effectively reducing the mode-locking threshold of the laser through injecting the synchronous light pulse is realized.
< example 6>
In example 6, a method of injecting a synchronization optical pulse to reduce the laser mode-locking threshold is provided.
The method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulses comprises the following steps:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
In step S1, the injection optical module is a directly modulated semiconductor laser, and the directly modulated semiconductor laser generates an injection optical pulse having a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
In step S2, the injected light optimization module is used to optimize the injected light pulse, specifically, amplify the power of the injected light pulse, and perform spectral filtering on the spectrum of the injected light to select a specific wavelength.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
In step S3, the to-be-mode-locked laser module includes a second pump source, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a second gain medium, a second mode locking device, a dual-wavelength coupling device, a second filter, a second output coupler, and 2 second cavity mirrors.
The process of outputting ultrashort pulse light by the mode-locked laser module is as follows:
the optimization injected light pulse generated by the injected light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through the dual-wavelength coupling device, the second pumping source acts on the second gain medium through the second wavelength division multiplexer to generate stray sub-pulses, the stray sub-pulses have a cross phase modulation effect in the interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that the part of the stray sub-pulses, which is overlapped with the optimization injected light pulse time, obtains extra phase modulation, stable optimization injected light pulse is formed after multiple oscillations, finally, the optimization injected light pulse in the to-be-locked laser module is filtered by the second filter device, and ultrashort pulsed light is output through the second output coupling device.
In step S3, the injected optical pulse and the stray sub-pulse are optimized to assist in establishing the mode locking process of the to-be-mode-locked laser under the cross-phase modulation effect, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser.
< example 7>
In example 7, a specific application of step S1 to step S3 in example 6 is provided.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a method for reducing the mode-locking threshold of a laser by injecting a synchronization optical pulse in embodiment 7 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 8, the specific implementation manner of this embodiment is:
and step S1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked by using the injection light module.
The injection module in this embodiment is mainly produced by a directly modulated semiconductor laser.
The process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module comprises the following steps:
the directly modulated semiconductor laser is composed of a laser with tunable continuous wave wavelength and an electro-optic modulator, the electro-optic modulator modulates a light source to generate an optical pulse source, a driving electric pulse is provided by the pulse generator, the pulse generator has a certain pulse width tuning range, and the repetition frequency of the electric modulation pulse can be easily adjusted by changing the output sine frequency in the signal generator. The injected light pulses can thus be directly actively controlled in terms of center wavelength, pulse duration and repetition frequency.
And step S2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting the injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse.
The optimization process of the injected light optimization module comprises the following steps:
the modulated injection light pulse is directly input to an optical amplifier for parameter control on power, and due to the fact that the spectrum changes caused by the influence of various nonlinear effects in the amplification process, the amplified injection light pulse needs to be optimized through a spectrum filtering system, and the optimized injection light pulse is obtained.
And step S3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, thereby reducing the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser and outputting ultrashort pulse light.
In this embodiment, the laser module to be mode-locked includes a second pump source, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a second gain medium, a second mode-locking device, a dual-wavelength coupling device, a second filter device, a second output coupler, and 2 second cavity mirrors.
The process of outputting ultrashort pulse light by the mode-locked laser module is as follows:
the method has the advantages that the injected optical pulse is optimized to meet the pulse to be mode-locked through the dual-wavelength coupling device and act together in the same propagation direction for a period of time, so that cross phase modulation is caused to finally generate stable mode-locked pulse and the stable mode-locked pulse is output through the output coupling device, and finally the method for effectively reducing the mode-locked threshold of the laser through injecting the synchronous optical pulse is realized.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the method for reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser by injecting the synchronous optical pulse in embodiments 1 to 7, the injection optical module is adopted to generate the injection optical pulse with the repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked, the injection optical optimization module is adopted to optimize the injection optical pulse to generate the optimized injection optical pulse, and the optimized injection optical pulse is injected into the laser module to be mode-locked, so that the mode locking threshold of the laser to be mode-locked is reduced, and the ultrashort pulse light is output. The injected light pulse with the repetition frequency close to that of the laser to be locked is injected in the process, the establishment of the mode locking process of the laser to be locked is assisted under the action of cross phase modulation, the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked is greatly reduced, and the problems that the spectrum and the pumping power are slightly different when a single pulse is generated due to the random occurrence of the mode locking state in the mode locking process of a single laser, the stability of the mode locking state is poor, the mode locking pumping power is high, the mode locking device is damaged by the instantly strong spike pulse of the mode locking and the like are solved.
The delay regulator and the filter are added in the injection light module to actively control the repetition frequency and the spectral parameters of the injected light pulse, the power amplification module and the spectral filtering module realize the control of the power value and the final spectral parameters, the close repetition frequency ensures that the overlapping part of the time part of the optimized injection light pulse and the time part of the pulse with the mode locking is as much as possible, and the stronger the modulation effect is, the more easily the mode locking state is achieved.
The power amplification ensures the control of the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked under different injection powers; the spectrum filtering can select specific wavelength from the injection light source in a certain range and is more beneficial to synchronous spectrum parameters, the stability of the whole system is improved, and in addition, the mismatch length and the output spectrum of the laser to be mode-locked can be actively controlled by controlling the spectrum of the injected light pulse. Therefore, the mode locking threshold of the laser to be locked can be effectively reduced by adjusting the injected optical pulse parameters, the mismatch distance can be flexibly controlled, the output spectrum can be controlled, the service life of the laser can be prolonged, the later maintenance cost can be reduced, and the mode locking state stability of the laser can be improved.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of injecting a synchronization optical pulse to reduce a mode-locking threshold of a laser, comprising the steps of:
step 1, generating an injection light pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of a laser module to be mode-locked by using an injection light module;
step 2, optimizing the injected light pulse by adopting an injected light optimization module to generate an optimized injected light pulse;
and 3, injecting the optimized injection light pulse into the to-be-mode-locked laser module, so that the mode locking threshold of the to-be-mode-locked laser is reduced, and ultrashort pulse light is output.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
wherein, in step 1, the injection optical module comprises a first pumping source, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a first gain medium, a first mode locking device, a time delay regulator, a first output coupler, a first filter device and a first cavity mirror,
the process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module is as follows:
pump laser generated by the first pump source is coupled to the first gain medium through the first wavelength division multiplexer to generate stray sub-pulses, and the phases of the stray sub-pulses are constant through the first mode locking device to realize mode locking; enabling the repetition frequencies of the injection optical module and the laser module to be mode-locked to be the same through the time delay adjuster; a specific wavelength is selected by the first filter device and the injected light pulses are output through the first output coupler.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
wherein, in step 1, the injection optical module comprises a first pumping source, a first dichroic mirror, a first gain medium, a first mode locking device, a first output coupler, a first filter device and 2 reflecting mirrors,
the process of generating the injection light pulse by the injection light module is as follows:
the first pump source acts on a first gain medium through the first dichroic mirror to generate a stray sub-pulse, and the phase of the stray sub-pulse is made constant through the first mode locking device to realize mode locking; placing one of the reflectors on a displacement platform to enable the repetition frequency of the injection optical module and the repetition frequency of the laser module to be mode-locked to be the same; a specific wavelength is selected by the first filter device and the injected light pulses are output through the first output coupler.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
in step 1, the injection optical module is a directly modulated semiconductor laser, and the directly modulated semiconductor laser generates the injection optical pulse with a repetition frequency close to that of the laser module to be mode-locked.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
in step 2, an injected light optimization module is used for optimizing the injected light pulse, specifically, amplifying the power of the injected light pulse, and simultaneously performing spectral filtering on the spectrum of the injected light to select a specific wavelength to generate the optimized injected light pulse.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
wherein, in step 3, the laser module to be mode-locked comprises a second pumping source, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a second gain medium, a second mode locking device, a dual-wavelength coupling device, a second filter device, a second output coupler and a second cavity mirror,
the process of outputting the ultrashort pulsed light is as follows:
the optimized injection light pulse generated by the injection light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through the dual-wavelength coupling device, the second pumping source acts on the second gain medium through the second wavelength division multiplexer to generate a stray sub-pulse, the stray sub-pulse has a cross phase modulation effect in an interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that a part of the stray sub-pulse, which is overlapped with the optimized injection light pulse in time, obtains extra phase modulation, forms a stable optimized injection light pulse after multiple oscillations, and finally, the optimized injection light pulse in the to-be-locked laser module is filtered by the second filter device, and the ultrashort pulse light is output through the second output coupling device.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
wherein, in step 3, the laser module to be mode-locked includes a second pumping source, two second dichroic mirrors, a second gain medium, a second mode-locking device, a second output coupler and 2 reflecting mirrors,
the process of outputting the ultrashort pulsed light is as follows:
the optimized injection light pulse generated by the injection light optimization module enters the to-be-locked laser module through one of the second dichroic mirrors, the second pumping source acts on the second gain medium through the other second dichroic mirror to generate a stray sub-pulse, and the stray sub-pulse generates a cross-phase modulation effect in an interaction medium through the second mode locking device, so that a part of the stray sub-pulse, which is overlapped with the optimized injection light pulse in time, obtains additional phase modulation, forms a stable optimized injection light pulse after multiple oscillations, and outputs the ultrashort pulse light through the second output coupling device.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the synchronization optical pulse reduces a mode-locking threshold of the laser by:
in step 3, the optimization injection optical pulse and the stray sub-pulse assist in establishing a mode locking process of the laser to be mode-locked under the cross phase modulation effect, so that the purpose of reducing the mode locking threshold of the laser to be mode-locked is achieved.
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