CN113741051B - 3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle - Google Patents
3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113741051B CN113741051B CN202111065166.8A CN202111065166A CN113741051B CN 113741051 B CN113741051 B CN 113741051B CN 202111065166 A CN202111065166 A CN 202111065166A CN 113741051 B CN113741051 B CN 113741051B
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
- G02B30/32—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers characterised by the geometry of the parallax barriers, e.g. staggered barriers, slanted parallax arrays or parallax arrays of varying shape or size
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide visual angle, which comprises a display screen and a stepped gradual change compound slit grating; the pitches of a plurality of continuous polarized light transmission slits positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating are the same; the pitch of the polarized light transmission slits in the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is increased step by step from the middle to two sides; the polarization unit I modulates the light passing through the polarization unit I into polarized light I with the same polarization direction; the polarization unit II modulates the light passing through the polarization unit II into polarized light II with the same polarization direction; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarization unit I corresponding to the image element; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarizing unit II corresponding to the image element; a high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle 3D image is formed in the viewing area.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to 3D display, and more particularly, to a 3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle.
Background
The integrated imaging records the information of the 3D scene to the photosensitive film, and the information on the photosensitive film is projected to an imaging space by utilizing the principle of reversibility of an optical path, so that the 3D scene is reconstructed. Compared with other 3D displays, the integrated imaging 3D display has the advantages of continuous viewing viewpoint, no vision-aiding equipment and coherent light and the like. In the prior art, the step gradient pitch pinhole array is adopted to reduce the pitch change times, so that the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the traditional gradient pitch pinhole array are reduced. The horizontal pitches of pinholes in the same row in the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the vertical pitches of pinholes in the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitch of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array gradually increases from the center to the left and right sides. Occlusion exists in integrated imaging 3D displays based on stepped graded pitch pinhole arrays. Imaging efficiency is a parameter that measures the impact of occlusion on viewing effects. The horizontal and vertical aperture widths of the pinholes typically do not exceed 20% of the horizontal and vertical pitch of the corresponding picture elements. Thus, the imaging efficiency of the prior art solution does not exceed 4%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide visual angle, as shown in figure 1, which is characterized by comprising a display screen and a stepped gradual change compound slit grating; the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is arranged in front of the display screen in parallel and aligned correspondingly; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradual change pitch image element array; the stepped gradual change compound slit grating comprises a shading material and a polarized light transmission slit, as shown in figure 2; the pitches of a plurality of continuous polarized light transmission slits positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating are the same; the pitch of the polarized light transmission slits in the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is increased step by step from the middle to two sides; the polarized light transmission slit comprises a polarized unit I and a polarized unit II; the polarized units I and II in the polarized light transmission slit are alternately and tightly arranged; the polarization direction of the polarization unit I is orthogonal to that of the polarization unit II; the shading material blocks light rays from passing through; the polarization unit I modulates the light passing through the polarization unit I into polarized light I with the same polarization direction; polarized light I cannot pass through the light blocking material and the polarizing unit II; the polarization unit II modulates the light passing through the polarization unit II into polarized light II with the same polarization direction; polarized light II cannot pass through the light blocking material and the polarizing unit I; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarization unit I corresponding to the image element; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarizing unit II corresponding to the image element; a high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle 3D image is formed in the viewing area.
Preferably, the image elements in the step-gradient pitch image element array are in one-to-one correspondence with the polarized light transmission slits in the step-gradient composite slit grating; the center of the image element is correspondingly aligned with the center of the corresponding polarized light transmitting slit; the pitch of the image elements is the same as the pitch of the corresponding polarized light transmissive slits.
Preferably, the number of the polarization units in the single polarization light transmission slit is the same; the width of the polarization unit I and the width of the polarization unit II in the same polarization light transmission slit are the same.
Preferably, the firstiWidth of polarizing element I in each polarized light transmitting slitw i Satisfies the following conditions
Wherein,,p i is the firstiThe pitch of the individual polarized light transmissive slits,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarization transmission slit,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating.
Preferably, the firstiLight-transmitting slits of polarizationIs of the pitch of (a)p i And the firsti+nPitch of each polarized light transmitting slitp i n+ Satisfies the following conditions
Wherein,,nis the number of continuous multiple polarized light transmitting slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,mis the number of polarization transmitting slits,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarization transmission slit,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating.
Preferably, the imaging efficiency of the 3D display devicekIs that
Wherein,,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarized light transmissive slit.
Preferably, the viewing angle of the 3D display deviceθIs that
Wherein,,
is->
The pitch of the individual polarized light transmissive slits,nis the number of continuous multiple polarized light transmitting slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,mis the number of polarization transmitting slits,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis a display screen and a ladder gradual change complexThe spacing of the slit gratings is matched,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarized light transmissive slit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stepped graded composite slit grating according to the present invention
The graphic reference numerals in the above figures are:
1. the display screen, 2, ladder gradual change compound slit grating, 3, shading material, 4, polarization light transmission slit, 5, polarization unit I,6, polarization unit II.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It is noted that the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be within the scope of the invention as viewed by one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides a 3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide visual angle, as shown in figure 1, which is characterized by comprising a display screen and a stepped gradual change compound slit grating; the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is arranged in front of the display screen in parallel and aligned correspondingly; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradual change pitch image element array; the stepped gradual change compound slit grating comprises a shading material and a polarized light transmission slit, as shown in figure 2; the pitches of a plurality of continuous polarized light transmission slits positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating are the same; the pitch of the polarized light transmission slits in the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is increased step by step from the middle to two sides; the polarized light transmission slit comprises a polarized unit I and a polarized unit II; the polarized units I and II in the polarized light transmission slit are alternately and tightly arranged; the polarization direction of the polarization unit I is orthogonal to that of the polarization unit II; the shading material blocks light rays from passing through; the polarization unit I modulates the light passing through the polarization unit I into polarized light I with the same polarization direction; polarized light I cannot pass through the light blocking material and the polarizing unit II; the polarization unit II modulates the light passing through the polarization unit II into polarized light II with the same polarization direction; polarized light II cannot pass through the light blocking material and the polarizing unit I; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarization unit I corresponding to the image element; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarizing unit II corresponding to the image element; a high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle 3D image is formed in the viewing area.
Preferably, the image elements in the step-gradient pitch image element array are in one-to-one correspondence with the polarized light transmission slits in the step-gradient composite slit grating; the center of the image element is correspondingly aligned with the center of the corresponding polarized light transmitting slit; the pitch of the image elements is the same as the pitch of the corresponding polarized light transmissive slits.
Preferably, the number of the polarization units in the single polarization light transmission slit is the same; the width of the polarization unit I and the width of the polarization unit II in the same polarization light transmission slit are the same.
Preferably, the firstiWidth of polarizing element I in each polarized light transmitting slitw i Satisfies the following conditions
Wherein,,p i is the firstiThe pitch of the individual polarized light transmissive slits,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarization transmission slit,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating.
Preferably, the firstiPitch of each polarized light transmitting slitp i And the firsti+nPitch of each polarized light transmitting slitp i n+ Satisfies the following conditions
Wherein,,nis the number of continuous multiple polarized light transmitting slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,mis the number of polarization transmitting slits,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarization transmission slit,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating.
Preferably, the imaging efficiency of the 3D display devicekIs that
Wherein,,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarized light transmissive slit.
Preferably, the viewing angle of the 3D display deviceθIs that
Wherein,,
is->
The pitch of the individual polarized light transmissive slits,nis the number of continuous multiple polarized light transmitting slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,mis the number of polarization transmitting slits,lis the viewing distance of the object to be viewed,gis the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,tis the thickness of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating,ais the number of polarization units in a single polarized light transmissive slit.
The distance between the display screen and the step-gradient composite slit grating is 4mm, the number of the polarization light-transmitting slits is 6, the number of the continuous multiple polarization light-transmitting slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the step-gradient composite slit grating is 2, the pitch of the 3 rd polarization light-transmitting slit is 10mm, the thickness of the step-gradient composite slit grating is 1mm, the viewing distance is 204mm, the number of the polarization units in the single polarization light-transmitting slit is 2, and the pitches of the 1-6 th polarization light-transmitting slits in the step-gradient composite slit grating are 11mm, 10mm, 11mm and 11mm respectively obtained by calculation of the formulas (1) and (2); the widths of the polarization units in the 1 st to 6 th polarization light transmission slits are 1.1mm, 1mm, 1.1mm and 1.1mm respectively; the imaging efficiency calculated from formula (3) was 20%; the viewing angle calculated from (4) is 90 °.
Claims (3)
1. The 3D display device with high imaging efficiency and wide visual angle is characterized by comprising a display screen and a stepped gradual change compound slit grating; the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is arranged in front of the display screen in parallel and aligned correspondingly; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradual change pitch image element array; the stepped gradual change compound slit grating comprises a shading material and a polarized light transmission slit; the pitches of a plurality of continuous polarized light transmission slits positioned in the middle of the stepped gradual change compound slit grating are the same; the pitch of the polarized light transmission slits in the stepped gradual change compound slit grating is increased step by step from the middle to two sides; pitch p of ith polarized light transmissive slit i Pitch p with i+n-th polarized light transmitting slit i+n Satisfies the following conditions
Wherein n is the number of continuous multiple polarized light transmission slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the step-gradient composite slit grating, m is the number of polarized light transmission slits, l is the viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the step-gradient composite slit grating, a is the sum of the numbers of the polarized units I and II in the single polarized light transmission slit, and t is the thickness of the step-gradient composite slit grating; the polarized light transmission slit comprises a polarized unit I and a polarized unit II; polarizing unit I and polarizing unit in polarized light transmitting slitII are alternately and tightly arranged; the polarization direction of the polarization unit I is orthogonal to that of the polarization unit II; the shading material blocks light rays from passing through; the polarization unit I modulates the light passing through the polarization unit I into polarized light I with the same polarization direction; polarized light I cannot pass through the light blocking material and the polarizing unit II; the polarization unit II modulates the light passing through the polarization unit II into polarized light II with the same polarization direction; polarized light II cannot pass through the light blocking material and the polarizing unit I; the image elements in the step-gradient pitch image element array are in one-to-one correspondence with the polarized light transmission slits in the step-gradient composite slit grating; the center of the image element is correspondingly aligned with the center of the corresponding polarized light transmitting slit; the pitch of the image elements is the same as the pitch of the corresponding polarized light transmission slits; the sum of the numbers of the polarized units I and the polarized units II in the single polarized light transmission slit is the same; the widths of the polarization units I and II in the same polarization light transmission slit are the same; width w of polarizing element I in the ith polarized light transmissive slit i Satisfies the following conditions
A part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarization unit I corresponding to the image element; a part of light rays emitted by each image element are projected to an imaging space through a polarizing unit II corresponding to the image element; a high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle 3D image is formed in the viewing area.
2. The high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle 3D display device of claim 1, wherein the imaging efficiency k of the 3D display device is
Wherein g is the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradient composite slit grating, t is the thickness of the stepped gradient composite slit grating, and a is the sum of the numbers of the polarizing units I and II in the single polarizing light-transmitting slit.
3. The high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle 3D display device of claim 2, wherein the viewing angle θ of the 3D display device is
Wherein,,
is->
The pitch of each polarization transmission slit is n, the number of continuous multiple polarization transmission slits with the same pitch positioned in the middle of the step-gradient composite slit grating, m is the number of the polarization transmission slits, l is the viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the step-gradient composite slit grating, t is the thickness of the step-gradient composite slit grating, and a is the sum of the number of the polarization units I and the number of the polarization units II in the single polarization transmission slit.
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