CN113740779A - Distribution transformer state discrimination method, system, device and storage medium - Google Patents
Distribution transformer state discrimination method, system, device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for distinguishing the state of a distribution transformer, which comprises the following steps: measuring and obtaining the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer; comparing the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer; wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard includes: adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary among various states, which are preset for multiple times; and calculating the confidence coefficient of the operation in each state of the distribution transformer to obtain the state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer. The judgment standard of each working state of the distribution transformer is formulated in advance, the working state of the distribution transformer can be judged quickly by measuring the short-circuit current of the current distribution transformer and comparing the short-circuit current with the judgment standard of the state of the distribution transformer, and the detection efficiency of maintenance personnel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transformer power analysis, in particular to a distribution transformer state discrimination method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The operating state of distribution transformers is one of the most important issues of concern to power suppliers.
Statistics show that a large fraction of distribution transformer faults are related to the live part of the transformer, especially internal winding and tap short circuit faults. And internal faults generally have a certain development process, and power grid operators are difficult to find and process the internal faults from the outside in time.
The internal fault discovery and the processing of present distribution transformer are usually accomplished in spring and autumn preliminary examination and overhaul, need the transformer to have a power failure for a long time and experiment and dismantle the inspection, influence customer's normal power consumption, simultaneously because the slight trouble of equipment precision reason part probably can not obtain accurate detection. The potential problems can not be solved in time due to long-term faulty operation of part of distribution transformers, the damage probability of the transformers is increased, and serious economic loss and customer service satisfaction are reduced.
Therefore, a detection method which is efficient and does not damage the structural integrity of the transformer is lacked, the detection of the internal condition of the transformer can be completed within a short power failure time, and the operation state of the transformer can be graded, so that reference is provided for the decision of power grid operators.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for determining a state of a distribution transformer, which can grade an operation state of the distribution transformer. The specific scheme is as follows:
a distribution transformer state discrimination method comprises the following steps:
measuring and obtaining the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer;
comparing the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer;
wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard comprises:
disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer;
injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal;
adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary between states, which are preset for multiple times;
calculating the confidence coefficient of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state by utilizing the statistical index value of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state;
and obtaining the state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
Optionally, the calculating a confidence level of the distribution transformer in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state includes:
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using a confidence coefficient calculation formula and the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
wherein the confidence coefficient calculation formula is: c (x) S (x | x ∈ P)/S (y | y ∈ Q);
wherein, x is the statistical index value of the frequency response spectrum obtained by a certain measurement, S (x) is the area of univariate Gaussian distribution in a region P to which x belongs, P is the set of all the statistical index values of the region to which x belongs, S (y) is the area Q of the univariate Gaussian distribution in a sweep frequency range, Q is the set of all the statistical index values, t is the Gaussian distribution function integral variable, sigma is the standard deviation, d is the minimum average distance of all the statistical index values in the region P, alpha is the correction factor, where the value is 0.674, z is the value of the correction factor, and S (x) is the area of the region P to which x belongsi、zjThe ith and jth value-taking points of the statistical indicator function in the region P are respectively.
The invention also discloses a distribution transformer state discrimination system, which comprises:
the short-circuit current acquisition module is used for measuring and acquiring the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer;
the state discrimination module is used for comparing the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer;
wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard comprises:
disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer;
injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal;
adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary between states, which are preset for multiple times;
calculating the confidence coefficient of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state by utilizing the statistical index value of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state;
and obtaining the state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
Optionally, the calculating a confidence level of the distribution transformer in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state includes:
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using a confidence coefficient calculation formula and the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
wherein the confidence coefficient calculation formula is: c (x) S (x | x ∈ P)/S (y | y ∈ Q);
wherein x is the statistical index value of the frequency response spectrum obtained by a certain measurement, S (x) is the area of univariate Gaussian distribution in a region P to which x belongs, P is the set of values of all the statistical index values of the region to which x belongs, S (y) is the set of values of all the statistical index values of the univariate Gaussian distribution in a sweep frequency range, Q is the set of values of all the statistical index values of a certain statistical index value, t is a Gaussian distribution function integral variable, and sigma is a standard deviation,d is the minimum average distance of all statistical index values in the region P, alpha is a correction factor, and the value is 0.674, zi、zjThe ith and jth value-taking points of the statistical indicator function in the region P are respectively.
The invention also discloses a distribution transformer state discrimination device, which comprises:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing the computer program to implement the distribution transformer state discrimination method as described above.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the distribution transformer state discrimination method.
The method for judging the state of the distribution transformer comprises the following steps: measuring and obtaining the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer; comparing the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer; wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard includes: disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer; injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal; adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary among various states, which are preset for multiple times; calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state; and obtaining a state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
The invention sets the judgment standard of each working state of the distribution transformer in advance, and can quickly judge the working state of the distribution transformer by measuring the short-circuit current of the current distribution transformer and comparing the short-circuit current with the judgment standard of the state of the distribution transformer, thereby improving the detection efficiency of maintenance personnel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a state of a distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a short circuit monitoring experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for measuring frequency response according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution transformer state determination system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for judging the state of a distribution transformer, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s11: measuring and obtaining the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer;
s11: and comparing the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state judgment standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer.
Wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard includes:
disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer;
injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal;
adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary among various states, which are preset for multiple times;
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
and obtaining a state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
Specifically, the distribution transformer state criterion may specifically include (i) a normal (green) region: the transformer operates normally in this region, with zero inter-turn short circuit current in the distribution transformer and 0 current through the varistor. ② green-yellow boundary: by reducing the resistance of the varistor, the severity of turn-to-turn shorts is increased. The resistance value at which the short-circuit current through the varistor begins to appear is the boundary between the green and yellow regions. Zone of slight failure (yellow): the transformer has slight turn-to-turn fault in the area, and the turn-to-turn short circuit current in the distribution transformer increases from zero, and the current passing through the rheostat is not 0. Fourthly, yellow-red boundary: the current passing through the rheostat is increased to 10% of the setting value of the transformer differential protection, namely 0.5% of the nominal current is used as the upper limit of the short-circuit current which can be tolerated by the yellow region, and the resistance value at the moment is the boundary between the yellow region and the red region. Fifth, serious fault (red) area: the transformer has a severe turn-to-turn fault in its interior, when the current through the varistor exceeds the critical value of the upper yellow-red zone boundary.
Specifically, referring to the short circuit monitoring experiment performed on the distribution transformer winding in the manner shown in fig. 2, the varistor ZROne end of a series ammeter (precision grade: 1.5 grade) is connected with a terminal of a low-voltage side winding of the transformer, the other end of the series ammeter is connected with each tap of the winding, and a high-voltage side winding is connected with a power-frequency alternating-current voltage source. By adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat, the change of the insulation condition between turns of the winding is simulated, namely the severity of the turn-to-turn short circuit fault of the winding. When the rheostat is connected to a certain tap, the resistance value of the rheostat is gradually reduced from 5k omega to 0 omega at intervals of 500 omega for each adjustment, and the current flowing through the ammeter under different resistance values is recorded. Moving the tap position, repeatedly adjusting the resistance of the rheostat and recording the electricityThe flow works.
Specifically, the frequency response measurement is performed on the distribution transformer winding in the manner shown in fig. 3, where Z is the resistance of the measurement wire, the high-voltage side winding injection power supply is disconnected, a commercial Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) device is connected across the terminals of the low-voltage side winding, and the device injection sweep frequency signal range is 0Hz to 5 KHz. And (3) connecting the rheostat under different taps in sequence, adjusting the rheostat to the resistance values of the green-yellow boundary and the yellow-red boundary obtained in the step (1), measuring the frequency response frequency spectrum at the moment, and calculating statistical index values such as a correlation coefficient, a standard deviation, a sum of squares of errors, an absolute sum of logarithmic errors and the like according to the frequency response frequency spectrum.
Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of boundary measurement, statistical index values of the distribution transformer in each state are used, confidence coefficients of the distribution transformer in each state are calculated, error data are removed according to the confidence coefficients, and the accuracy is improved.
Therefore, the working state judgment standard of each working state of the distribution transformer is preset, the working state of the distribution transformer can be quickly judged by measuring the short-circuit current of the current distribution transformer and comparing the short-circuit current with the state judgment standard of the distribution transformer, and the detection efficiency of maintenance personnel is improved.
Further, the process of calculating the confidence level of the distribution transformer operating in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer operating in each state includes:
and calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using a confidence coefficient calculation formula and the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state.
Specifically, in order to eliminate uncertainty caused in the data collection process, a confidence level that a statistical index value is located in each region is introduced. For a certain statistical index value, the confidence of the certain statistical index value in a certain state region is the value at the point by taking the point as the center, namely the mean value, and the integral value of the univariate Gaussian distribution in the region with the standard deviation of sigma (the variance of all the statistical index values in the same region is the same). From the frequency point of view, the confidence can be understood as the proportion of times that the statistical index value is located in a specific area under repeated experiments, which is helpful for more objective decision.
Wherein, the confidence coefficient calculation formula is as follows: c (x) S (x | x ∈ P)/S (y | y ∈ Q);
wherein, x is the statistical index value of the frequency response spectrum obtained by a certain measurement, S (x) is the area of univariate Gaussian distribution in a region P to which x belongs, P is the set of all the statistical index values of the region to which x belongs, S (y) is the area Q of the univariate Gaussian distribution in a sweep frequency range, Q is the set of all the statistical index values, t is the Gaussian distribution function integral variable, sigma is the standard deviation, d is the minimum average distance of all the statistical index values in the region P, alpha is the correction factor, where the value is 0.674, z is the value of the correction factor, and S (x) is the area of the region P to which x belongsi、zjThe ith and jth value-taking points of the statistical indicator function in the region P are respectively.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention further discloses a distribution transformer state discrimination system, as shown in fig. 4, the system includes:
the short-circuit current acquisition module 11 is used for measuring and acquiring the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer;
the state discrimination module 12 is configured to compare the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain a state of the distribution transformer;
wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard includes:
disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer;
injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal;
adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary among various states, which are preset for multiple times;
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
and obtaining a state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
Therefore, the working state judgment standard of each working state of the distribution transformer is preset, the working state of the distribution transformer can be quickly judged by measuring the short-circuit current of the current distribution transformer and comparing the short-circuit current with the state judgment standard of the distribution transformer, and the detection efficiency of maintenance personnel is improved.
Optionally, the process of calculating the confidence level of the distribution transformer operating in each state by using the statistical index value of the distribution transformer operating in each state includes:
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using a confidence coefficient calculation formula and the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
wherein, the confidence coefficient calculation formula is as follows: c (x) S (x | x ∈ P)/S (y | y ∈ Q);
wherein x is the statistical index value of the frequency response spectrum obtained by a certain measurement, and S (x) is the univariate Gaussian distribution in the region P to which x belongsP is the value set of all statistical index values in the region to which x belongs, s (y) is the value area Q of all statistical index values of the univariate gaussian distribution in the sweep frequency range, Q is the value set of all statistical index values, t is the gaussian distribution function integral variable, σ is the standard deviation, d is the minimum average distance of all statistical index values in the region P, α is the correction factor, where the value is 0.674, z is the minimum average distance of all statistical index values in the region P, and α is the correction factori、zjThe ith and jth value-taking points of the statistical indicator function in the region P are respectively.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a distribution transformer state discrimination device, which comprises:
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for executing a computer program to realize the distribution transformer state judging method.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when being executed by a processor, the computer program realizes the distribution transformer state discrimination method.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The technical content provided by the present invention is described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in this document by applying specific examples, and the above description of the examples is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A distribution transformer state discrimination method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring and obtaining the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer;
comparing the inter-turn short circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer;
wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard comprises:
disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer;
injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal;
adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary between states, which are preset for multiple times;
calculating the confidence coefficient of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state by utilizing the statistical index value of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state;
and obtaining the state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the confidence level of the distribution transformer in each state by using the statistical indicator of the distribution transformer in each state comprises:
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using a confidence coefficient calculation formula and the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
wherein the confidence coefficient calculation formula is: c (x) S (x | x ∈ P)/S (y | y ∈ Q);
wherein, x is the statistical index value of the frequency response spectrum obtained by a certain measurement, S (x) is the area of univariate Gaussian distribution in a region P to which x belongs, P is the set of all the statistical index values of the region to which x belongs, S (y) is the area Q of the univariate Gaussian distribution in a sweep frequency range, Q is the set of all the statistical index values, t is the Gaussian distribution function integral variable, sigma is the standard deviation, d is the minimum average distance of all the statistical index values in the region P, alpha is the correction factor, where the value is 0.674, z is the value of the correction factor, and S (x) is the area of the region P to which x belongsi、zjThe ith and jth value-taking points of the statistical indicator function in the region P are respectively.
3. A distribution transformer state discrimination system, comprising:
the short-circuit current acquisition module is used for measuring and acquiring the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer;
the state discrimination module is used for comparing the inter-turn short-circuit current of the distribution transformer with a pre-specified state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer to obtain the state of the distribution transformer;
wherein, the process of formulating the distribution transformer state discrimination standard comprises:
disconnecting the high-voltage side winding injection power supply of the distribution transformer;
injecting a sweep frequency signal into two ends of a low-voltage side winding terminal;
adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to obtain a frequency response amplitude value and a corresponding statistical index value when the distribution transformer is in a boundary between states, which are preset for multiple times;
calculating the confidence coefficient of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state by utilizing the statistical index value of the operation of the distribution transformer in each state;
and obtaining the state discrimination standard of the distribution transformer according to the confidence coefficient.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the process of calculating the confidence level of the distribution transformer operating in each state by using the statistical indicator of the distribution transformer operating in each state comprises:
calculating the confidence coefficient of the distribution transformer in each state by using a confidence coefficient calculation formula and the statistical index value of the distribution transformer in each state;
wherein the confidence coefficient calculation formula is: c (x) S (x | x ∈ P)/S (y | y ∈ Q);
wherein, x is the statistical index value of the frequency response spectrum obtained by a certain measurement, S (x) is the area of univariate Gaussian distribution in a region P to which x belongs, P is the set of all the statistical index values of the region to which x belongs, S (y) is the area Q of the univariate Gaussian distribution in a sweep frequency range, Q is the set of all the statistical index values, t is the Gaussian distribution function integral variable, sigma is the standard deviation, d is the minimum average distance of all the statistical index values in the region P, alpha is the correction factor, where the value is 0.674, z is the value of the correction factor, and S (x) is the area of the region P to which x belongsi、zjThe ith and jth value-taking points of the statistical indicator function in the region P are respectively.
5. A distribution transformer state discrimination device, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for executing the computer program to implement the distribution transformer state discrimination method of claim 1 or 2.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a distribution transformer state discrimination method according to claim 1 or 2.
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