CN113740029A - Rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test verification system and test method - Google Patents
Rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test verification system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113740029A CN113740029A CN202111015207.2A CN202111015207A CN113740029A CN 113740029 A CN113740029 A CN 113740029A CN 202111015207 A CN202111015207 A CN 202111015207A CN 113740029 A CN113740029 A CN 113740029A
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Abstract
A visual test system and a test method for a propellant flow field of a rocket storage tank are disclosed, wherein the test system comprises a simulation storage tank (1), an adjustable bracket (2), a field measurement and control system (3), a laser particle speed measurement system (4), a simulation conveying pipe (5), a circulating device (6), a despin anti-collapse device (7) and a remote measurement and control system (8); the invention can obtain the performance of the racemization anti-collapse device and the flow characteristic of the bottom of the simulated storage tank through performing a flow field visual test, and observe the flow condition, cavitation, air entrainment and the like in the conveying pipe through an observation window on the simulated conveying device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design of ground test systems of pressurized conveying systems, and particularly relates to a flow field visualization test system with an automatic measurement and control function and a test method.
Background
At the final stage of outflow of the propellant in the storage tank of the carrier rocket, the propellant entering the pipeline carries gas due to the vortex or liquid level collapse, and the gas carried by the propellant can cause cavitation erosion of a turbine pump, thereby seriously affecting the normal work of an engine. The mass of the unavailable propellant in the storage tank is reduced, the utilization rate of the propellant in the storage tank is improved, and the method is an effective way for ensuring the normal work of a power system of the carrier rocket and improving the carrying capacity of the carrier rocket. Quantitative data are difficult to obtain through visual observation of the flow state of the propellant in the storage tank, so that research work of a rocket storage tank propellant flow field visual test verification system is necessary to obtain an accurate storage tank propellant flow process, and data support is provided for system optimization design.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a visual test verification system and a visual test method for a propellant flow field of a rocket storage tank, which are used for simulating the flow state of the propellant during the work of a rocket, measuring and analyzing the flow process of the propellant by using a flow field visualization technology, realizing the visualization of the flow field of a liquid medium with the highest flow speed of 20m/s, and measuring and analyzing the flow process; the conveying pipe can be independently replaced without changing other systems through the automatically controlled height adjusting mechanism, and the automatic height adjusting mechanism is suitable for conveying devices of different specifications to quickly perform multiple tests; but test control and collection remote control realize man-machine separation and promote the security.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a visual test system for a propellant flow field of a rocket storage tank comprises a simulation storage tank, an adjustable bracket, an on-site measurement and control system, a laser particle speed measurement system, a simulation conveying pipe, a circulating device, a despinning anti-collapse device and a remote measurement and control system;
the simulation storage box is arranged on the adjustable bracket;
the upper stream of the simulation conveying pipe is arranged at the bottom of the simulation storage tank and is communicated with the simulation storage tank, and the lower stream of the simulation conveying pipe is communicated with the inlet of the circulating device; a transparent window is arranged on the simulation conveying pipe and is used for shooting and measuring a test medium in the simulation conveying pipe by the laser particle velocity measurement system; the outlet of the circulating device is communicated with the simulation storage tank and is used for drawing the test medium back into the simulation storage tank;
a despin anti-collapse device is arranged at the joint of the simulation storage tank and the simulation conveying pipe, and various sensors including pressure, temperature, flow and distance sensors are respectively arranged on the simulation storage tank, the simulation conveying pipe and the adjustable bracket;
the field measurement and control system receives image data shot by the laser particle velocity measurement system and data collected by each sensor and transmits the data to the remote measurement and control system;
the remote measurement and control system sends the control instruction to the field measurement and control system, and the field measurement and control system controls the simulation storage tank, the simulation valves on the conveying pipes and the execution elements on the adjustable support to act.
The simulation storage tank is made of transparent organic glass materials, adopts a split type structure and can replace the tank bottom.
The adjustable support adopts the cylinder as an actuating element, uses the displacement sensor of acting as go-between to control the stroke of cylinder, and the cylinder is used for adjusting the height of adjustable support.
A locking device is arranged on the adjustable bracket, and the position can be kept when the power is cut off after the adjustable bracket is adjusted in place.
And a valve on the simulation conveying pipe is used for controlling the flow of the test medium.
The laser particle velocity measurement system can measure a liquid medium flow field in a 500 x 500mm area, and the maximum flow velocity of the measured medium is 20 m/s; the laser particle velocity measurement system comprises two CCD cameras, and the two cameras are used for measuring the velocity of the medium in three mutually perpendicular directions.
The circulating device comprises a variable frequency water pump, a collector and a water tank, wherein the variable frequency water pump pumps out the medium according to a set flow rate, and stores the medium in the water tank after the medium passes through the collector, or fills the medium in the water tank into the simulation storage tank.
The despinning device eliminates or reduces collapse and vortex generation of the medium when flowing in the simulation storage tank, and is made of transparent organic glass and can be penetrated by the laser light source.
The flow field visualization test method by using the rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system comprises the following steps:
step one, adjusting an adjustable support to the lowest position, and installing a despin anti-collapse device in a simulation storage tank; adjusting the adjustable support to a set position, installing a simulation conveying pipe at the bottom of the simulation storage box, connecting the downstream of the simulation conveying pipe to a circulating device, and locking the adjustable support; installing a sensor on the simulation conveying pipe, and connecting the sensor to a field measurement and control system; installing a CCD camera in a laser particle velocity measurement system at a set position to observe the bottom of the simulated storage tank, and adjusting the working surface of a laser light source to the position of the bottom of the simulated storage tank; connecting the remote measurement and control system to the on-site measurement and control system;
secondly, placing a calibration plate at the bottom of the simulation storage tank, starting the laser particle velocity measurement system at the same position as the working surface of the laser particle velocity measurement system, adjusting the relative angles of the two CCD cameras, and calibrating the parameters of the laser particle velocity measurement system to enable the distance in the shot image in the laser particle velocity measurement system to correspond to the actual distance;
filling the medium in the water tank into the simulation storage tank through the circulating device, adding the velocity measurement particles while filling, and uniformly scattering the velocity measurement particles in the medium through a plurality of cycles;
starting a laser particle speed measurement system, opening a laser light source, shooting a working face through a camera, sending acquired image data to a remote measurement and control system, operating a valve on a simulation conveying pipe by using the remote measurement and control system to enable a medium to flow out of a simulation storage tank, adjusting the flow of the medium through adjusting the valve and a variable frequency water pump in a circulating device, and acquiring the pressure, the temperature and the flow of the medium through a field measurement and control system to send the pressure, the temperature and the flow of the medium to the remote measurement and control system; stopping the test after the medium in the simulation storage tank is completely emptied, and collecting the speed measuring particles for subsequent tests through a collector in the circulating device;
and fifthly, carrying out post-processing and analysis on the image data in the remote measurement and control system to obtain a visual result of the flow and various fluid parameters.
And step five, synchronizing the synchronous signals with pressure, temperature and flow data to obtain a final test result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
by utilizing the visual test system for the propellant flow field of the rocket tank, provided by the invention, the performance of the racemization anti-collapse device and the flow characteristic of the bottom of the simulated tank can be obtained by performing the visual test of the flow field, and the flow condition, cavitation, air entrainment and the like in the conveying pipe are observed through the observation window on the simulated conveying device; the visualization of the flow field of the liquid medium and the measurement and analysis of the flow process can be realized within the range of 500mm multiplied by 500mm at the maximum flow speed of 20m/s by the laser particle speed measuring device; the adjustable support is applicable to simulation conveying systems of different specifications to rapidly carry out multiple tests, and the system can be controlled through the on-site measurement and control system and the remote measurement and control system, so that data in the test process are collected, remote control is realized, and man-machine separation is realized to improve safety. The method can be widely applied to the visual test of the flow field of the storage tank of the pressurizing conveying system of various rockets and missiles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system.
Detailed Description
The visual test verification system for the rocket storage tank propellant flow field is shown in figure 1, and comprises a simulation storage tank 1, an adjustable bracket 2, an on-site measurement and control system 3, a laser particle speed measurement system 4, a simulation conveying system, a circulating device 6, a despinning anti-collapse device 7 and a remote measurement and control system 8.
The simulation storage tank 1 is arranged on the adjustable bracket 2, the upper stream of the simulation conveying pipe 5 is arranged at the bottom of the simulation storage tank 1 and communicated with the storage tank 1, the lower stream of the simulation conveying pipe 5 is communicated with the inlet of the circulating device 6, 2 transparent windows are arranged on the simulation conveying pipe 5, used for shooting and measuring a test medium in a simulation conveying pipe 5 by a laser particle velocity measuring system 4, the outlet of a circulating device 6 is communicated with a simulation storage tank 1, the device is used for pumping test medium water back to the simulation storage tank 1, a despin and anti-collapse device 7 is installed at the joint of the simulation storage tank 1 and the simulation conveying pipe 5, pressure, temperature, flow, distance sensors and the like are respectively installed on the simulation storage tank 1, the simulation conveying pipe 5 and the adjustable support 2, the field measurement and control system 3 receives image data shot by the laser particle speed measurement system 4 and data collected by other sensors of the test system, and the data are conveyed to the remote measurement and control system 8; the remote measurement and control system 8 sends the control instruction to the on-site measurement and control system 3, the on-site measurement and control system 3 controls the valves on the simulation storage tank 1 and the simulation conveying pipe 5 and the air cylinders on the adjustable support 2 to act, the valves are installed on the conveying pipes and used for controlling the flow of the test medium, and the air cylinders are used for adjusting the height of the adjustable support 2.
The simulation storage tank 1 is made of transparent organic glass materials, the volume of the simulation storage tank is 1 cubic meter, and the bottom of the simulation storage tank can be replaced by adopting a split type structure.
The adjustable support 2 is made of steel materials through welding and assembling, an air cylinder is adopted as an execution structure, the travel of the air cylinder is controlled by using a stay wire displacement sensor, the adjustable travel is 1000mm, the support bearing capacity is 2 tons, a locking device is arranged, and the position can be kept after the power is cut off after the position is adjusted in place.
The on-site measurement and control system 3 comprises an acquisition module, a control module, a sensor, a controller, a display and an interaction module, and is provided with 16 analog quantity acquisition channels, 16 digital quantity acquisition channels, 8 analog quantity output channels and 16 digital quantity output channels, wherein the acquisition resolution is 24 bits, and the sampling rate is 19.2 KHz.
The laser particle velocity measurement system uniformly puts velocity measurement particles in a medium, the velocity measurement particles are obviously visible in the surrounding environment through a laser light source and are shot by a camera, the motion direction and the velocity of the particles are obtained through post-processing, various fluid parameters of a flow field can be obtained through analysis, the flow field of a liquid medium in a 500 x 500mm area can be measured, the maximum flow velocity of the medium can be measured by 20m/s, the laser particle velocity measurement system is composed of two CCD cameras, and the two cameras can be used for measuring the velocity of the medium in three mutually perpendicular directions.
The simulation conveying system comprises a simulation conveying pipe 5 and a valve, wherein 2 organic glass transparent windows are arranged on the simulation conveying pipe 5, visual observation or high-speed camera shooting can be performed, the valve comprises a stop valve, an adjusting valve and the like, the flowing of a medium can be realized, and the flow of the medium is adjusted.
The circulating device 6 consists of a variable frequency water pump, a collector and a water tank, wherein the variable frequency water pump can pump out a medium according to a certain flow rate, and store the medium in the water tank after passing through the collector, or fill water in the water tank into the simulation storage tank.
The despinning and anti-collapse device 7 eliminates or weakens the collapse and vortex generation of a medium when flowing in the simulation storage tank through structures such as a disc and a blade, and is made of transparent organic glass for flow field measurement, so that a laser light source can penetrate through the despinning and anti-collapse device, and the shooting of a camera on velocity measurement particles is not influenced.
When the system is used for carrying out the flow field visualization test, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, system installation. Adjusting the adjustable bracket 2 to the lowest position, and installing a despin anti-collapse device 7 in the simulation storage tank 1; adjusting the adjustable support to a proper position, installing a simulation conveying pipe 5 at the bottom of the simulation storage box 1, connecting the downstream of the simulation conveying pipe 5 to a circulating device 6, and locking the adjustable support after installation; installing a sensor on the simulation conveying pipe 5, and connecting the sensor to the field measurement and control system 3; installing a CCD camera in the laser particle velocity measurement system 4 at a proper position to observe the bottom of the tank, and adjusting the working surface of a laser light source to the bottom of the storage tank; and the remote measurement and control system 8 is connected to the on-site measurement and control system 3, so that the remote operation of personnel is realized.
And step two, system calibration. And (3) placing a calibration plate at the bottom of the simulation storage box 1, starting the laser particle speed measurement system 4 at the same position as the working surface of the laser particle system 4, adjusting the relative angles of the two CCD cameras, and calibrating system parameters to enable the distance in the shot images in the system to correspond to the actual distance.
And step three, filling a medium. The medium in the water tank is filled into the simulation storage tank 1 through the circulating device 6, the velocity measuring particles are added while the medium is filled, and the velocity measuring particles are uniformly dispersed in the medium through multiple cycles.
And step four, performing formal test. The laser particle speed measurement system 4 is started, a laser light source is turned on, a working face is shot through a camera, collected image data are sent to the remote measurement and control system 8, a valve in the simulation conveying pipe 5 is operated through the remote measurement and control system 8, a medium flows out of the simulation storage tank, the flow of the medium is adjusted through a variable frequency water pump in the adjusting valve and the circulating device 6, various data such as pressure, temperature and flow of the medium collected by a sensor in the field measurement and control system 3 are sent to the remote measurement and control system, the test is stopped after the medium in the storage tank is completely emptied, and the speed measurement particles are collected by a collector in the circulating device 6 and used for subsequent tests.
And step five, data processing. And (3) carrying out post-processing and analysis on the image data in the remote measurement and control system 8 by using software to obtain a visual result of the flow and various fluid parameters, and synchronizing the visual result with data such as pressure, temperature, flow and the like by using a synchronizing signal to obtain a final result of a flow field visual test.
The present invention has not been described in detail, partly as is known to the person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A visual test system for a propellant flow field of a rocket storage tank is characterized by comprising a simulation storage tank (1), an adjustable bracket (2), a field measurement and control system (3), a laser particle speed measurement system (4), a simulation conveying pipe (5), a circulating device (6), a despinning anti-collapse device (7) and a remote measurement and control system (8);
the simulation storage box (1) is arranged on the adjustable bracket (2);
the upper stream of the simulation conveying pipe (5) is arranged at the bottom of the simulation storage tank (1) and is communicated with the simulation storage tank (1), and the lower stream of the simulation conveying pipe (5) is communicated with the inlet of the circulating device (6); a transparent window is arranged on the simulation conveying pipe (5) and is used for shooting and measuring a test medium in the simulation conveying pipe (5) by the laser particle velocity measurement system (4); the outlet of the circulating device (6) is communicated with the simulation storage tank (1) and is used for drawing the test medium back into the simulation storage tank (1);
a despin anti-collapse device (7) is arranged at the joint of the simulation storage tank (1) and the simulation conveying pipe (5), and various sensors including pressure, temperature, flow and distance sensors are respectively arranged on the simulation storage tank (1), the simulation conveying pipe (5) and the adjustable bracket (1);
the field measurement and control system (3) receives image data shot by the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) and data collected by each sensor, and transmits the data to the remote measurement and control system (8);
the remote measurement and control system (8) sends the control instruction to the field measurement and control system (3), and the field measurement and control system (3) controls the valves on the simulation storage tank (1) and the simulation conveying pipe (5) and the execution elements on the adjustable support (2) to act.
2. The rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system according to claim 1, wherein the simulation tank (1) is made of transparent organic glass material, adopts a split structure, and can replace the tank bottom.
3. A rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjustable bracket (2) uses a cylinder as an actuator, and the stroke of the cylinder is controlled by using a stay wire displacement sensor, and the cylinder is used for adjusting the height of the adjustable bracket (2).
4. A rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system as recited in claim 3, wherein the adjustable bracket (2) is provided with a locking device, and the position can be maintained when the power is cut off after the adjustment is in place.
5. A rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system according to claim 4, characterized in that the valves on the delivery pipe (5) are simulated for controlling the test medium flow.
6. A rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system according to claim 5, characterized in that the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) is capable of measuring the flow field of liquid medium in the area of 500 x 500mm, the measurement medium flow velocity is at most 20 m/s; the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) comprises two CCD cameras, and the two cameras are used for measuring the velocity of the medium in three mutually perpendicular directions.
7. A rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system according to claim 6, characterized in that the circulation device (6) comprises a variable frequency water pump, a collector and a water tank, wherein the variable frequency water pump pumps out the medium according to a set flow rate, and stores the medium in the water tank after passing through the collector, or fills the medium in the water tank into the simulation tank (1).
8. A rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system according to claim 7, characterized in that the despinning device (7) eliminates or attenuates the collapse of the medium and the generation of vortices when flowing in the simulation tank (1), and is made of transparent organic glass to allow the laser light source to transmit.
9. A flow field visualization test method by using the rocket tank propellant flow field visualization test system as recited in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
step one, adjusting an adjustable bracket (2) to the lowest position, and installing a racemization anti-collapse device (7) in a simulation storage tank (1); adjusting the adjustable bracket (2) to a set position, installing a simulation conveying pipe (5) at the bottom of the simulation storage tank (1), connecting the downstream of the simulation conveying pipe (5) to a circulating device (6), and locking the adjustable bracket (2); the sensor is arranged on the simulation conveying pipe (5) and is connected to the field measurement and control system (3); installing a CCD camera in the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) at a set position to observe the bottom of the simulated storage tank (1), and adjusting the working surface of a laser light source to the bottom of the simulated storage tank (1); connecting the remote measurement and control system (8) to the field measurement and control system (3);
secondly, placing a calibration plate at the bottom of the simulation storage box (1), starting the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) at the same position as the working surface of the laser particle velocity measurement system (4), adjusting the relative angles of the two CCD cameras, and calibrating the parameters of the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) to enable the distance in the shot image in the laser particle velocity measurement system (4) to correspond to the actual distance;
filling the medium in the water tank into the simulation storage tank (1) through the circulating device (6), adding the velocity measurement particles while filling, and uniformly scattering the velocity measurement particles in the medium through a plurality of cycles;
starting a laser particle speed measurement system (4), opening a laser light source, shooting a working face through a camera, sending acquired image data to a remote measurement and control system (8), operating a valve on a simulation conveying pipe (5) by using the remote measurement and control system (8), enabling a medium to flow out of a simulation storage box (1), adjusting the flow of the medium through adjusting the valve and a variable frequency water pump in a circulating device (6), and acquiring the pressure, temperature and flow of the medium through a field measurement and control system (3) and sending the pressure, temperature and flow of the medium to the remote measurement and control system (8); stopping the test after all the media in the simulation storage tank (1) are emptied, and collecting the velocity measurement particles for subsequent tests through a collector in the circulating device (6);
and fifthly, carrying out post-processing and analysis on the image data in the remote measurement and control system (8) to obtain a visualization result of the process and various fluid parameters.
10. The flow field visualization test method according to claim 9, wherein in step five, the final test result is obtained by synchronizing the synchronization signal with pressure, temperature and flow data.
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