CN113739891B - Sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of train and weighing method - Google Patents
Sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of train and weighing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113739891B CN113739891B CN202111002824.9A CN202111002824A CN113739891B CN 113739891 B CN113739891 B CN 113739891B CN 202111002824 A CN202111002824 A CN 202111002824A CN 113739891 B CN113739891 B CN 113739891B
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/02—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
- G01G19/04—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles
- G01G19/045—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles for weighing railway vehicles for weighing railway vehicles in motion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G23/00—Auxiliary devices for weighing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G9/00—Methods of, or apparatus for, the determination of weight, not provided for in groups G01G1/00 - G01G7/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of a train and a weighing method, wherein the sensor assembly comprises a connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixedly arranged on a steel rail bottom limb between two adjacent sleepers, and the top surface of the connecting frame is attached to the bottom surface of the steel rail bottom limb. The coupling frame is clamped with a fiber bragg grating sensor which is used for dynamically weighing the train passing through the steel rail between two adjacent sleepers, and further the sensor assembly can be used for dynamically weighing the train. The invention realizes dynamic weighing of the train by utilizing the fiber bragg grating sensor, and the fiber bragg grating sensor has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, good electrical insulation performance, corrosion resistance, small volume, light weight, small transmission loss, large transmission capacity and wide measurement range, can realize dynamic weighing of the train, avoids the influence of a symmetrical weighing result of the running speed, and can obviously improve the precision of the weighing result compared with the traditional electric strain sensor used in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dynamic weighing of trains, in particular to a sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of trains and a weighing method.
Background
The train overload and unbalanced load detection device is used for detecting overload and unbalanced load conditions of railway trains and needs to install weighing sensors on steel rails. Existing devices typically employ either pressure (plate) sensors or shear sensors or a combination of both as load cells, with the load cells being utilized to weigh the weight of the train.
At present, two common devices are used when a train is weighed, and six plate-type sensors are respectively arranged at two ends of a special steel rail for weighing; the other device comprises 2-8 bridge-measuring devices, 2 bridge-measuring devices for single-shaft dynamic measurement and 8 bridge-measuring devices for static whole-vehicle measurement, wherein the bridge-measuring devices are all ridden with steel sleeper and are fixed on the rail by inner clamping plates and outer clamping plates, pressure sensors are fixed at two ends of the bridge-measuring devices, the pressure sensors are transmitted with load by the wheel rims, and overload and unbalanced load conditions are deduced by detecting pressure changes. However, the two common devices adopt traditional electric strain sensors, a plurality of sensors are needed to detect different parts of the rail, and are limited by factors such as position, time and the like, so that the two common devices have the problems of low sensitivity and large zero drift, and have the defects of larger nonlinearity, low precision, poor electromagnetic interference resistance, poor corrosion resistance and the like in a large strain state.
Based on this, there is a need for a sensor assembly and weighing method that can dynamically weigh a train with greater accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sensor assembly and a weighing method for dynamic weighing of a train, which can dynamically weigh the train and have high accuracy of weighing results.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of a train, the sensor assembly comprising a coupling rack;
the connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the steel rail bottom limb between two adjacent sleepers, and the top surface of the connecting frame is attached to the bottom surface of the steel rail bottom limb;
the coupling frame clamps the fiber grating sensor; the fiber bragg grating sensor is used for dynamically weighing the train passing through the steel rail between the two adjacent sleepers.
A weighing method for dynamic weighing of a train, weighing by using the sensor assembly, the weighing method comprising:
acquiring the wavelength variation output by the fiber bragg grating sensor when a train passes through a steel rail between two adjacent sleepers, and acquiring the running speed of the train when the train passes through the steel rail;
and taking the wavelength variation and the running speed as inputs, and obtaining a dynamic weighing result by using a weighing formula.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of a train and a weighing method. The coupling frame clamps a fiber grating sensor which is used for dynamically weighing the train passing through the steel rail between two adjacent sleepers. When the sensor assembly is used for weighing, the wavelength variation output by the fiber bragg grating sensor when a train passes through the steel rail between two adjacent sleepers is firstly obtained, and the running speed of the train when the train passes through the steel rail is obtained. And then the wavelength variation and the running speed are used as input, and a dynamic weighing result can be obtained by using a weighing formula. The invention further utilizes the fiber bragg grating sensor to realize dynamic weighing of the train, and the fiber bragg grating sensor has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, good electrical insulation performance, corrosion resistance, small volume, light weight, small transmission loss, large transmission capacity and wide measurement range, the problems of low sensitivity and large zero drift are avoided, the dynamic weighing of the train can be realized, the influence of the symmetrical weighing result of the running speed is avoided, and compared with the traditional electric strain sensor used in the prior art, the precision of the weighing result can be obviously improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of a sensor assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating sensor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating sensor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the weighing method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Symbol description:
1-a train; 2-a steel rail; 3-crossties; 4-a sensor assembly; 5-rail bottom limbs; 41-a connecting frame; 42-a fiber bragg grating sensor; 43-locking block; 44-tightening the screw; 421-fiber cladding; 422-grating; 423-core portion.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a sensor assembly and a weighing method for dynamic weighing of a train, which can dynamically weigh the train and have high accuracy of weighing results.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1:
the present embodiment is used to provide a sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of a train, as shown in fig. 1, the sensor assembly 4 is disposed between two adjacent sleepers 3, and the sensor assembly 4 may be disposed at any position between two adjacent sleepers 3, preferably may be disposed at an intermediate position between two adjacent sleepers 3. According to the weighing requirement, the sensor assembly 4 can be arranged between any two adjacent sleepers 3, and the sensor assembly 4 can also be arranged between any plurality of two adjacent sleepers 3, at this time, the sensor assemblies 4 can be arranged at intervals or can be arranged continuously, and a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the continuous arrangement of the sensor assemblies 4 is given in fig. 1. The sensor assembly 4 can dynamically weigh the train 1 passing through the rail 2 between the two adjacent sleepers 3 corresponding to the sensor assembly to obtain the dynamic weighing result of part of trains positioned on the rail 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the sensor assembly 4 of the present embodiment includes a coupling frame 41, the coupling frame 41 is fixedly mounted on the rail bottom limb 5 between two adjacent sleepers 3, and the top surface of the coupling frame 41 is attached to the bottom surface of the rail bottom limb 5. The coupling frame 41 is clamped with a fiber grating sensor 42, and the fiber grating sensor 42 is used for dynamically weighing the train 1 passing through the steel rail 2 between two adjacent sleepers 3.
Further, the coupling frame 41 and the rail bottom limb 5 may be aligned in the center, and the width of the coupling frame 41 and the width of the rail bottom limb 5 may be the same or different, and the width is in the transverse direction shown in fig. 2. Preferably, the width of the coupling frame 41 is the same as the width of the rail bottom limb 5, that is, the end face of the rail bottom limb 5 is aligned with the end face of the insertion end of the coupling frame 41 corresponding to the end, and the end face corresponding to the end and the end face of the insertion end on the same side are positioned on the same vertical plane, so that the rail bottom limb 5 can be better and more effectively supported by using the coupling frame 41, and the material requirement and the occupied space of the coupling frame 41 are minimum.
In order to more accurately utilize the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 to dynamically weigh, the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 is clamped at a position corresponding to the center position of the steel rail bottom limb 5, the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 can be fixedly arranged on the connecting frame 41, and particularly, the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 can be fixed on the connecting frame 41 in a welding mode or a bolt connection mode, so that the telescopic strain of the steel rail 2 during passing of the train 1 can be more effectively sensed, and the calculated dynamic weighing result is higher in accuracy. It should be noted that, a recess is formed on the top surface of the coupling frame 41, and the recess is used for accommodating the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 and fixing an object, such as a bolt, used for disposing the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 on the coupling frame 41, so as to avoid damage to the rail bottom limb 5 when the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 is clamped.
The fiber grating sensor 42 used in this embodiment, whose sensing process is realized by modulating the central wavelength by the external parameters (strain, temperature, etc.), belongs to a wavelength modulation type fiber sensor, and its structure is shown in fig. 3, where the fiber grating sensor 42 includes a fiber cladding 421, a grating 422, and a core portion 423. The sensing principle is shown in fig. 4, where (a) in fig. 4 is an incident spectrum diagram, (b) in fig. 4 is a transmission spectrum diagram, and (c) in fig. 4 is a reflection spectrum diagram.
Based on the fiber grating sensor 42, the weighing principle of this embodiment is as follows: when the train 1 passes through the steel rail 2 between the two adjacent sleepers 3, as shown in fig. 1, the steel rail 2 between the two adjacent sleepers 3 is deformed, and then the connecting frame 41 is driven to deform by means of the fixed connection between the steel rail bottom limbs 5 and the connecting frame 41, the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 senses the deformation, and converts the deformation into the wavelength variation of the reflected light wavelength, and the weight of the train 1 can be obtained according to the corresponding relation between the wavelength variation and the weight.
Based on the weighing principle, after the sensor assembly 4 is installed on the rail bottom limb 5, a numerical model is established by a static mechanical calibration and dynamic test method to obtain the corresponding relation between the wavelength variation and the weight, namely, a weighing formula is obtained. In the case of dynamic weighing using a weighing formula, the sensor assembly 4 of the present embodiment further includes a calculation unit, which is in communication with the fiber bragg grating sensor 42. The fiber bragg grating sensor 42 is used to output the wavelength variation when the train 1 passes through the rail 2. The calculation unit is used for obtaining the wavelength variation and the running speed of the train 1 passing through the steel rail 2, and obtaining a dynamic weighing result by using a weighing formula with the wavelength variation and the running speed as input.
The dynamic weighing of the train 1 is realized by using the fiber bragg grating sensor 42, and the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, good electrical insulation performance, corrosion resistance, small volume, light weight, small transmission loss, large transmission capacity and wide measurement range, the problems of low sensitivity and large zero drift are solved, the dynamic weighing of the train 1 can be realized, the influence of a running speed symmetrical weighing result is avoided, and compared with the traditional electric strain sensor used in the prior art, the accuracy of the weighing result can be remarkably improved. In addition, the dynamic weighing of the train 1 can be realized by only one type of sensor, compared with the conventional equipment for realizing the dynamic weighing of the train 1, the dynamic weighing of the train 1 generally needs a plurality of sensors such as a pressure sensor, a shear sensor and the like, the problem of various types of the sensors of the conventional equipment is solved, the sensing part is simplified, and the material and maintenance cost is reduced.
In the prior art, 10 fiber bragg grating sensors are welded on a section of rail between two sleepers according to a certain rule, each two fiber bragg grating sensors are symmetrically welded on the bottoms of the rails on the left rail and the right rail to form a pair of sensor groups, the axial stress of the rail is calculated by measuring the offset of the reflection wavelength of the fiber bragg grating sensors, and then the rail is weighed by a wheel metering method. However, the device needs to weld the fiber Bragg grating sensor on the rail for weighing, which not only limits the weighing place and damages the rail to a certain extent, but also needs to polish the surface of the rail before welding, thus the process is complex.
And the existing pressure type weighing sensor is complex to install and high in cost, and the sleeper needs to be replaced. When the existing shear type weighing sensor is installed, holes are required to be drilled on the steel rail, the steel rail is damaged, and the requirement of a drilling process is high. When the train is weighed, the strain sensor can be directly welded on the steel rail, the steel rail and the strain gauge form the weighing sensor so as to weigh the train, but the existing strain type weighing sensor needs to be welded on the steel rail to damage the steel rail to a certain extent, and the surface of the steel rail needs to be polished before welding, so that the process is complex.
Based on the above, the weighing sensors used in the prior art have the defects of complex installation and damage to the steel rail, and aiming at the problem, the embodiment improves the installation mode of the sensor assembly 4. Specifically, the sensor assembly 4 of the present embodiment further includes two locking blocks 43, and each locking block 43 is provided with a groove. Each tail end of the rail bottom limb 5 and the insertion end of the connecting frame 41 corresponding to the tail end are inserted into the groove of the same locking block, the tail end and the insertion end positioned on the same side are simultaneously inserted into the groove of the same locking block, the locking of the connecting frame 41 and the rail bottom limb 5 is realized through the two locking blocks 43 by means of the insertion of the tail ends and the insertion ends on the two sides and the grooves of the locking blocks, namely, the connecting frame 41 is fixedly arranged on the rail bottom limb 5 through the locking blocks 43.
Further, the contact surfaces of the grooves of the locking blocks and the steel rail bottom limbs 5 and the contact surfaces of the grooves of the locking blocks and the connecting frame 41 are inclined surfaces, the height of the steel rail bottom limbs 5 is gradually increased in the direction from the tail ends of the steel rail bottom limbs 5 to the inside, the height of the connecting frame 41 is gradually increased in the direction from the inserting ends of the connecting frame 41 to the inside, and when the steel rail bottom limbs 5 and the connecting frame 41 are installed, the contact areas of the locking blocks 43 and the steel rail bottom limbs 5 are increased as much as possible, so that a better locking effect is achieved, the vibration resistance is good, and looseness is not easy to occur. In addition, the height of the plugging end of the connecting frame 41 is different from the height of the middle position of the connecting frame 41, a notch is further formed below the plugging end, the thickness of the notch can be the same as the thickness of the extending end, which is positioned at the lower side of the groove, of the locking block 43, through the design of the notch, the excessive height of the groove of the locking block can be avoided, compared with the locking of the connecting frame 41 and the rail bottom limb 5, which is designed by utilizing the locking block 43, the height of the groove is reduced, the strength of the locking block 43 is further improved, and the service life of the locking block 43 is prolonged.
In order to further lock, the sensor assembly 4 of the present embodiment further includes fastening screws 44, the fastening screws 44 penetrate through the locking blocks 43 and extend into the coupling frame 41, the locking blocks 43 on both sides are provided with fastening screws 44, and the number of fastening screws 44 on one locking block 43 may be one or more. Specifically, the fastening screw 44 horizontally passes through the locking block 43 and extends into the coupling frame 41, so that the locking effect can be improved.
The sensor assembly 4 provided in this embodiment has a simple structure, and is only composed of four parts, namely the locking block 43, the connecting frame 41, the fiber bragg grating sensor 42 and the fastening screw 44, and can be installed and disassembled by only one person, so that the installation is simple and convenient, and the labor cost is reduced. The sensor assembly 4 does not need to carry out special treatment on the steel rail 2 during installation, does not change the physical state of the steel rail 2, has good vibration resistance performance of the whole structure, is not easy to loosen, and does not influence the running safety of a train. The sensor assembly 4 provided by the embodiment has a simple structure, is convenient to install, solves the problem that the existing pressure sensor, shear sensor and stress sensor are complex in installation process, does not damage the steel rail 2 in the installation process, does not need to punch or weld, skillfully utilizes the inclined plane of the steel rail bottom limb 5, and the connecting frame 41 is fixedly connected with the steel rail bottom limb 5 between two adjacent sleepers 3 through the locking blocks 43 and horizontally locks from two sides through the fastening screws 44, so that the vibration resistance is good, the vibration resistance is not easy to loosen, and the problem that the existing shear sensor needs to punch on the steel rail 2 and the stress sensor needs to polish the steel rail 2 to carry out welding operation and other installation modes to damage the steel rail 2 is solved.
Example 2:
the present embodiment is used to provide a weighing method for dynamic weighing of a train, and the sensor assembly described in embodiment 1 is used for weighing, as shown in fig. 5, and the weighing method includes:
s1: acquiring the wavelength variation output by the fiber bragg grating sensor when a train passes through a steel rail between two adjacent sleepers, and acquiring the running speed of the train when the train passes through the steel rail;
when the running speed is acquired, real-time data of the sensor assemblies at two different installation positions on the same steel rail can be acquired to calculate: when the same train wheel passes through the two sensor assemblies successively, two peak waveforms are generated in the data, the time for the wheel to pass through the two sensor assemblies can be calculated according to the sampling rate and the interval between the two peak sampling points, and the train running speed can be obtained by dividing the interval length of the two sensor assemblies by the time.
S2: and taking the wavelength variation and the running speed as inputs, and obtaining a dynamic weighing result by using a weighing formula.
Before S2, the weighing method of the embodiment further includes a step of obtaining a weighing formula by using a static mechanical calibration and dynamic test method, where the step may include:
1) Acquiring a static linear formula between the weight of a load loaded on a steel rail and the wavelength variation under a static condition by using a static mechanical calibration method;
2) Acquiring a compensation calculation formula between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error by using a dynamic test method; specifically, a dynamic test method is utilized to obtain the corresponding relation between the wavelength variation and the load weight at different running speeds, then a static calculation formula is utilized to calculate a static weighing result corresponding to each wavelength variation, and the difference between the static weighing result and the load weight is used as a dynamic weighing error corresponding to the running speed to obtain a compensation calculation formula between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error.
3) And obtaining a weighing formula according to the static linear formula and the compensation calculation formula.
In the embodiment, after the sensor assembly is installed on the bottom limb of the steel rail, a static linear relation between the weight of the load loaded on the steel rail under the static condition and the wavelength variation of the sensor is obtained through a static calibration method, so that a static linear formula is obtained, and a static weighing result can be obtained according to the static linear formula. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the wavelength variation of a sensor under the conditions of running speed and dynamic conditions through a dynamic test (namely, a train passes through at different speeds), calculating a static weighing result according to a static linear relation, subtracting a load weight true value to obtain a dynamic weighing error, finding out a compensation calculation relation between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error to obtain a compensation calculation formula, and obtaining a weighing formula by combining the compensation calculation formula and the static linear formula obtained before to obtain the corresponding relation between the wavelength variation of the sensor under the conditions of different running speeds and the weight to further realize high-precision dynamic weighing.
The sensor assembly used in the weighing method of the embodiment only comprises four parts of a locking block, a connecting frame, a fiber bragg grating sensor and a fastening screw, and has the advantages of simple structure, low installation process requirement, low construction cost and convenience in maintenance. The inclined plane of the steel rail is skillfully utilized without punching or welding, the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the bottom limbs of the steel rail through the locking blocks and horizontally locked from two sides through the fastening screws, the vibration resistance is good, the vibration resistance is not easy to loosen, special treatment on the steel rail is not needed during field application, the physical state of the steel rail is not changed, the driving safety is not influenced, the device can be quickly installed and detached by only one person, the construction occupied time is short, and the normal passing of a train is not influenced. And the used fiber grating sensor is not affected by electromagnetic interference.
In this specification, each embodiment is mainly described in the specification as a difference from other embodiments, and the same similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A sensor assembly for dynamic weighing of a train, the sensor assembly comprising a coupling frame;
the connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the steel rail bottom limb between two adjacent sleepers, and the top surface of the connecting frame is attached to the bottom surface of the steel rail bottom limb;
the coupling frame clamps the fiber grating sensor; the fiber bragg grating sensor is used for dynamically weighing the train passing through the steel rail between the two adjacent sleepers;
the sensor assembly further comprises two locking blocks; each locking block is provided with a groove; each tail end of the steel rail bottom limb and the insertion end of the connecting frame corresponding to the tail end are inserted into the groove of the same locking block; the connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the bottom limb of the steel rail through the locking block;
the tail end is aligned with the end face of the plug end corresponding to the tail end;
the contact surfaces of the grooves and the steel rail bottom limbs and the contact surfaces of the grooves and the connecting frame are inclined planes, the height of the steel rail bottom limbs is gradually increased in the direction from the tail ends of the steel rail bottom limbs inwards, and the height of the connecting frame is gradually increased in the direction from the inserting ends of the connecting frame inwards;
the sensor assembly further includes a computing unit; the computing unit is in communication connection with the fiber bragg grating sensor; the fiber bragg grating sensor is used for outputting wavelength variation when a train passes through the steel rail; the calculation unit is used for obtaining the wavelength variation and the running speed of the train passing through the steel rail, and obtaining a dynamic weighing result by taking the wavelength variation and the running speed as inputs and utilizing a weighing formula;
the weighing formula is obtained by using a static mechanical calibration and dynamic test method, and specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring a static linear formula between the load weight loaded on the steel rail under a static condition and the wavelength variation by using a static mechanical calibration method; acquiring a compensation calculation formula between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error by using a dynamic test method; and obtaining a weighing formula according to the static linear formula and the compensation calculation formula.
2. The sensor assembly of claim 1, wherein the fiber bragg grating sensor is fixedly disposed on the coupling frame.
3. The sensor assembly of claim 1, further comprising a fastening screw; the fastening screw penetrates through the locking block and stretches into the connecting frame.
4. A weighing method for dynamic weighing of a train, weighing with a sensor assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the weighing method comprises:
acquiring the wavelength variation output by the fiber bragg grating sensor when a train passes through a steel rail between two adjacent sleepers, and acquiring the running speed of the train when the train passes through the steel rail;
the wavelength variation and the travelling speed are used as input, and a dynamic weighing result is obtained by using a weighing formula;
before the wavelength variation and the running speed are used as inputs and a dynamic weighing result is obtained by using a weighing formula, the weighing method further comprises the step of obtaining the weighing formula by using a static mechanical calibration and dynamic test method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring a static linear formula between the load weight loaded on the steel rail under a static condition and the wavelength variation by using a static mechanical calibration method;
acquiring a compensation calculation formula between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error by using a dynamic test method;
and obtaining a weighing formula according to the static linear formula and the compensation calculation formula.
5. The weighing method according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining a compensation calculation formula between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error by using the dynamic test method specifically comprises:
obtaining the corresponding relation between the wavelength variation and the load weight under different running speeds by using a dynamic test method;
and calculating a static weighing result corresponding to each wavelength variation by using the static calculation formula, and taking the difference between the static weighing result and the load weight as a dynamic weighing error corresponding to the running speed to obtain a compensation calculation formula between the running speed and the dynamic weighing error.
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