CN113739204B - Pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for backflow combustion chamber - Google Patents
Pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for backflow combustion chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN113739204B CN113739204B CN202110971129.7A CN202110971129A CN113739204B CN 113739204 B CN113739204 B CN 113739204B CN 202110971129 A CN202110971129 A CN 202110971129A CN 113739204 B CN113739204 B CN 113739204B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/283—Attaching or cooling of fuel injecting means including supports for fuel injectors, stems, or lances
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for a backflow combustion chamber, which relates to the technical field of fuel nozzles of miniature turbine engines and solves the technical problem that the existing single-way pressure atomizing nozzle cannot ensure that the miniature turbine engine has good atomizing quality; the invention realizes that a single part has three oil ways of a fuel oil inlet way, a rotational flow oil spraying way and an oil return way, and has compact structure, thereby ensuring that the single part has the advantage of good atomization quality under the conditions of high oil pressure and low oil pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro turbine engine fuel nozzles, in particular to the technical field of a pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for a backflow combustion chamber.
Background
The combustion chamber is used as a core component of the turbine engine, wherein the type of the fuel nozzle and the atomization quality thereof directly determine the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber, and the fuel nozzles of the current turbine engines are of various types, generally including direct injection type nozzles, one-way pressure atomization nozzles, two-way pressure atomization nozzles, adjustable mechanical atomization nozzles and rotary atomization nozzles. Because the oil supply pressure of the turbine engine changes dozens of times under the change from low working condition rotating speed to high working condition rotating speed, the single-way pressure atomizing nozzle can not ensure good atomizing quality under the conditions of large oil pressure and small oil pressure, and the turbine engine is frequently used with the double-way pressure atomizing nozzle.
However, in the micro turbine engine, the nozzle structure is required to be compact due to the limitation of compact size, and the two-way pressure atomizing nozzle is not suitable for the micro turbine engine because the two-way pressure atomizing nozzle has two nozzles and is a two-way nozzle, and the large oil path and the small oil path are complicated. Although the single-way pressure atomizing nozzle has a compact structure and is a single way compared with the two-way pressure atomizing nozzle, the single-way pressure atomizing nozzle does not have a multi-oil-way and oil return function, so that the single-way pressure atomizing nozzle can only well atomize under the condition of high oil pressure, but can not ensure the atomization under the condition of low oil pressure, so that the micro turbine engine can not ensure the good atomization quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for a backflow combustion chamber.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
the utility model provides a backflow combustion chamber is with taking pneumatics centrifugation backward flow formula fuel nozzle, is including the nozzle bush that is equipped with the oil inlet, supports in the nozzle bush to be equipped with rather than self and forms the integral type whirl pole of annular oil feed chamber, the narrow passageway of axial fuel, and the extension end of whirl pole is equipped with rather than self the nozzle cap that forms the swirl chamber, and the extension end of whirl pole is equipped with the double-tangential entrance slot, is equipped with the spout on the nozzle cap, is equipped with the oil gallery with the swirl chamber intercommunication on the whirl pole.
The two sides of the swirl rod are respectively provided with an inner flow passage plane, and the inner flow passage plane and the inner wall of the nozzle bushing form an annular oil inlet cavity and an axial fuel narrow channel.
The cyclone chamber is a hemispherical cavity.
The nozzle bushing is internally provided with a stop collar, a supporting sleeve, a spring and a swirl rod which are detachably connected from bottom to top in sequence, a pressing groove is arranged at the position, close to the spring, of the swirl rod, a pressing space is formed by the pressing groove and the supporting sleeve, and the spring is accommodated in the pressing space.
The part of the swirl rod close to the spring is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing rubber ring in sealing contact with the inner wall of the nozzle bushing is arranged in the sealing groove.
The nozzle bush is internally provided with a containing groove for containing the nozzle cap.
Be equipped with the nozzle dustcoat that can dismantle the connection on the nozzle bush, the extension end on the nozzle dustcoat is equipped with the opening, and the vertical central line of opening, spout is unanimous, and the both sides of nozzle dustcoat are equipped with air inlet, exhaust hole respectively.
The diameter of the air inlet is larger than that of the exhaust hole.
The air inlet is consistent with the transverse center line of the exhaust hole.
The nozzle bush is circumferentially provided with oil inlets communicated with the annular oil inlet cavity and the axial fuel narrow channel, the oil inlets are consistent with the transverse central line of the annular oil inlet cavity, and the axial fuel narrow channel is arranged above the annular oil inlet cavity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, because the integrated swirl rod and the nozzle bushing form an annular oil inlet cavity and an axial fuel narrow channel, the oil return hole and the inner cavity of the swirl rod form a fuel oil return path, and the nozzles on the double tangential inlet groove, the swirl chamber and the nozzle cap are swirl oil injection paths, the invention realizes that a single part has three paths of oil paths of the fuel oil inlet path, the swirl oil injection paths and the oil return path, has compact structure and ensures that the fuel oil atomization device has good atomization quality under the conditions of high oil pressure and low oil pressure.
2. In the invention, the two sides of the integrated swirling flow rod are respectively provided with the inner flow passage planes, and the inner flow passage planes and the nozzle bushing form the annular oil inlet cavity and the axial fuel narrow channel, so that the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is reduced by nearly twenty times from an inlet to an outlet, the pressure of the fuel in the flow passage is stabilized, the tangential flow velocity in the swirling flow chamber is enhanced, the centrifugal rotation effect in the swirling flow chamber is optimized, and the nozzle atomization effect is enhanced.
3. In the invention, the cyclone chamber is a hemispherical cavity, so that the centrifugal rotation of the fuel oil in the cyclone chamber can be enhanced and cyclone is formed, thereby enhancing the atomization effect of the nozzle.
4. In the invention, the limiting sleeve is detachably connected with the nozzle bushing and is fixed at the bottom of the nozzle bushing and extends into the nozzle bushing, so that the limiting sleeve can press the supporting sleeve and the spring, the reaction force of the spring presses the nozzle cap and the swirl rod, the nozzle cap and the swirl rod form a seamless swirl chamber, and the top of the nozzle bushing and the nozzle cap form end face seal.
5. In the invention, the nozzle bush is internally provided with the containing groove for containing the nozzle cap, so that the nozzle cap can be tightly pressed in the containing groove under the reverse action of the spring, and the containing groove and the nozzle cap are in a sealed state.
6. In the invention, cold air enters from the air inlet and flows out from the opening of the extending end of the nozzle outer cover and the exhaust hole, the cold air contacts the outer wall of the nozzle bushing and the top of the nozzle cap, the temperature of the whole nozzle is reduced, the nozzle is effectively protected, the fuel oil is prevented from coking at the nozzle, the fuel oil and air are fully collided and atomized and then enter the combustion chamber by mixing the air flow of the opening of the nozzle outer cover and the fuel oil film sprayed out from the nozzle cap, and the performance of the nozzle is improved; the vertical central lines of the opening and the nozzle are consistent, so that cold gas can contact the top of the nozzle cap, and the temperature of the nozzle cap is reduced.
7. In the invention, the diameter of the air inlet is larger than that of the air outlet, so that a large amount of cold gas can enter the inner cavity of the nozzle housing, and the detention time of the cold gas in the inner cavity of the nozzle housing is prolonged, thereby reducing the temperature of the whole nozzle.
8. In the invention, the transverse central lines of the air inlet and the exhaust hole are consistent, and a cold air circulation flow channel is provided, so that cold air contacts the outer wall of the nozzle bushing and the nozzle of the nozzle cap and can reduce the temperature of the nozzle bushing and the nozzle cap, and fuel oil coking is prevented to improve the performance of the nozzle.
9. In the invention, oil inlets communicated with the annular oil inlet cavity and the axial fuel narrow channel are circumferentially distributed on the nozzle bush, so that the oil inlet amount entering the annular oil inlet cavity can be ensured, the oil inlets are consistent with the transverse central line of the annular oil cavity, so that oil can smoothly enter the oil inlets, and the axial fuel narrow channel is arranged above the annular oil inlet cavity, so that the pressure of the fuel in a flow path can be stabilized, and the tangential flow velocity in the swirl chamber is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the nozzle flow path with solid arrows indicating fuel flow and open arrows indicating cold flow;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an integrated cyclone pole;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle cap;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the nozzle housing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the stop collar;
FIG. 10 is a pneumatic schematic of the invention in a reverse flow combustor;
FIG. 11 is a vector diagram of the flow field of the gas stream in the recirculating combustor of the present invention;
reference numerals: 11 a limiting sleeve, 12 a supporting sleeve, 13 a spring, 14 a nozzle bushing, 141 an oil inlet, 142 an annular oil inlet cavity, 143 an axial fuel narrow channel, 144 an accommodating groove, 15 a nozzle outer cover, 151 an air inlet, 152 an opening, 153 an exhaust hole, 16 a nozzle cap, 161 a nozzle, 17 a swirl chamber, 18 a swirl rod, 181 an oil return hole, 182 a tangential inlet groove, 183 an inner flow channel plane, 184 a sealing groove, 185 a sealing rubber ring and 186 a pressing groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present embodiment provides a pneumatic centrifugal backflow fuel nozzle for a backflow combustion chamber, including a nozzle bushing 14 having an oil inlet 141, an integrated swirling rod 18 being supported in the nozzle bushing 14 and forming an annular oil inlet cavity 142 and an axial fuel narrow channel 143 with itself, a nozzle cap 16 forming a swirling chamber 17 with itself being disposed at an extending end of the swirling rod 18, a bi-tangential inlet slot 182 being disposed at the extending end of the swirling rod 18, a nozzle 161 being disposed on the nozzle cap 16, and an oil return hole 181 communicating with the swirling chamber 17 being disposed on the swirling rod 18.
The three-way oil way with the fuel oil inlet way, the rotational flow oil spraying way and the oil return way is adopted in the embodiment, and the structure is compact, so that the high-pressure oil atomizer has good atomization quality under the conditions of high oil pressure and low oil pressure; the oil inlet 141, the annular oil inlet cavity 142 and the axial narrow fuel oil channel 143 are fuel oil inlet paths, the double tangential inlet slot 182, the swirl chamber 17 and the nozzle 161 on the nozzle cap 16 are swirl oil injection paths, the cavity inside the swirl rod 18 and the oil return hole 181 are oil return paths, and the cavity inside the swirl rod 18 is an oil return path, so that the oil return path cooperates with a fuel pump and a regulating valve to enable partial fuel oil to flow back, and the fuel oil injection nozzle can be used for improving the atomization quality of the nozzle at low oil pressure, and enables the whole fuel oil nozzle to have good atomization quality under the conditions of high oil pressure and low oil pressure.
Specifically, the integrated swirl rod 18 is a hollow cylindrical cavity, the oil return hole 181 of the integrated swirl rod is communicated with the cavity and the swirl chamber 17, and part of fuel oil flows into the cavity through the oil return hole 181 and is discharged from the through hole of the stop collar 11, so that the function that a single nozzle has an oil inlet path, a swirl oil injection path and an oil return path is realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, on the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment provides that the swirl rod 18 is provided with inner flow channel planes 183 on both sides, and the inner flow channel planes 183 and the inner wall of the nozzle liner 14 form an annular oil inlet chamber 142 and an axial fuel narrow passage 143.
In this embodiment, the two sides of the integrated swirling bar 18 are respectively provided with the inner flow channel plane 183, and the inner flow channel plane 183 and the nozzle bushing 14 form the annular oil inlet cavity 142 and the axial fuel narrow channel 143, so that the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is reduced by nearly twenty times from the inlet to the outlet, the fuel passes through the tangential inlet slot 182 of the swirling chamber 17, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is further reduced by five times and forms an angle, thereby enhancing the tangential flow velocity in the swirling chamber 17, stabilizing the pressure of the fuel in the flow path, optimizing the centrifugal rotation effect in the swirling chamber 17, and enhancing the nozzle atomization effect.
Specifically, because the two sides of the swirling bar 18 are respectively provided with the inner runner planes 183, the number of the axial fuel narrow passages 143 is two, and the two axial fuel narrow passages 143 can improve the flow velocity, enhance the tangential flow velocity of the fuel in the swirling chamber 17 and the stability of the pressure of the fuel in the runners, optimize the centrifugal rotation effect in the swirling chamber 17, and enhance the atomization effect.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, in the first embodiment, the cyclone chamber 17 is provided as a hemispherical cavity.
In the present embodiment, the extension ends of the nozzle cap 16 and the swirl rod 18 form a swirl chamber 17, and the swirl chamber 17 is a hemispherical cavity, that is, the nozzle cap 16 is hemispherical; after entering the hemispherical cavity from the oil inlet 141, the annular oil inlet cavity 142, the axial fuel narrow channel 143 and the tangential inlet groove 182 in sequence, the fuel can rotate centrifugally in the swirl chamber 17 to form a swirl, thereby enhancing the atomization effect of the nozzle.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, on the basis of the first embodiment, the nozzle bushing 14 is provided with a stop sleeve 11, a support sleeve 12, a spring 13, and a swirl rod 18, which are detachably connected, in sequence from bottom to top, a pressing groove 186 is provided at a position of the swirl rod 18 close to the spring 13, the pressing groove 186 and the support sleeve 12 form a pressing space, and the spring 13 is accommodated in the pressing space.
Furthermore, a sealing groove 184 is provided at a position of the swirling bar 18 close to the spring 13, and a sealing rubber ring 185 that is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the nozzle liner 14 is provided in the sealing groove 184.
Further, a receiving groove 144 is provided in the nozzle liner 14 to receive the nozzle cap 16.
In the embodiment, because the stop collar 11 is fixed at the bottom of the nozzle bushing 14 and extends into the nozzle bushing 14, the stop collar 11 can press the support collar 12 and the spring 13, and the reaction force of the spring 13 presses the nozzle cap 16 and the swirl rod 18, so that the nozzle cap 16 and the swirl rod 18 form a seamless swirl chamber 17, and the top of the nozzle bushing 14 and the nozzle cap 16 form an end face seal; the spring 13 is accommodated in the pressing space, so that the spring 13 is prevented from moving and deforming under stress; a containing groove 144 for containing the nozzle cap 16 is arranged in the nozzle bushing 14, so that the spring 13 can press the nozzle cap 16 in the containing groove 144 in a counter-acting manner, and the containing groove 144 and the nozzle cap 16 are in a sealing state; the sealing rubber ring 185 can prevent the fuel from leaking.
Specifically, the limiting sleeve 11 is connected to the bottom of the nozzle bushing 14 through a plurality of high-temperature alloy screws which are uniformly distributed, and the extending end of the limiting sleeve 11 extends into the nozzle bushing 14; wherein the high temperature alloy screw of equipartition can make nozzle bush 14 atress more even to make individual part compress tightly, through high temperature alloy screw connection, can make the junction can be able to bear the high temperature that the combustion chamber produced and easily part dismantlement maintenance.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, on the basis of the first embodiment, the nozzle bush 14 of the first embodiment is provided with a detachably connected nozzle housing 15, an extending end of the nozzle housing 15 is provided with an opening 152, vertical center lines of the opening 152 and a nozzle 161 are consistent, and both sides of the nozzle housing 15 are respectively provided with an air inlet 151 and an air outlet 153.
Further, the diameter of the air inlet 151 is larger than that of the air outlet 153.
Further, the air inlet 151 coincides with the lateral center line of the air discharge hole 153.
In this embodiment, the nozzle housing 15 provides a circulation path for the cooling air to contact the extension end and the outer wall of the nozzle liner 14, thereby reducing the temperature of the nozzle and preventing the coking of fuel to improve the performance of the nozzle; the cold air enters from the air inlet 151 and flows out from the opening 152 and the exhaust hole 153 of the extending end of the nozzle outer cover 15, the cold air contacts the outer wall of the nozzle bushing 14 and the top of the nozzle cap 16, the temperature of the whole nozzle is reduced, the nozzle 161 is effectively protected, fuel oil is prevented from coking at the nozzle 161, the fuel oil and air are fully collided and atomized and then enter a combustion chamber through mixing of the air flow at the opening 152 of the nozzle outer cover 15 and a fuel oil film sprayed out from the nozzle cap 16, and the performance of the nozzle is improved; the vertical central lines of the openings 152 and the nozzles 161 are consistent, so that cold gas can contact the top of the nozzle cap 16, and the temperature of the nozzles 161 of the nozzle cap 16 is reduced; the diameter of the air inlet 151 is larger than that of the air outlet 153, so that a large amount of cold air can enter the inner cavity of the nozzle housing 15, the detention time of the cold air in the inner cavity of the nozzle housing 15 is prolonged, and the temperature of the whole nozzle is reduced; the air inlet 151 is aligned with the transverse center line of the air outlet 153, and provides a circulation path for the cool air, so that the cool air contacts the outer wall of the nozzle bushing 14 and the nozzle 161 of the nozzle cap 16 and reduces the temperature thereof, thereby preventing fuel from coking and improving the performance of the nozzle.
Specifically, the nozzle liner 14 is attached to the nozzle cover 15 by an M3 screw.
Specifically, cool air is introduced through the intake port of the reverse flow combustion chamber, and the cool air is introduced into the nozzle housing 15 from the intake port of the nozzle housing 15.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, on the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment provides that oil inlets 141 communicated with an annular oil inlet cavity 142 and an axial fuel narrow passage 143 are circumferentially distributed on the nozzle liner 14, the oil inlets 141 are consistent with the transverse center line of the annular oil inlet cavity 142, and the axial fuel narrow passage 143 is arranged above the annular oil inlet cavity 142.
In this embodiment, the nozzle bushing 14 is circumferentially provided with oil inlets 141 communicated with the annular oil inlet cavity 142 and the axial fuel narrow passage 143, so as to ensure the oil inlet amount entering the annular oil inlet cavity 142, the oil inlets 141 are consistent with the transverse center line of the annular oil cavity, so that the oil can smoothly enter the oil inlets 141, and the axial fuel narrow passage 143 is arranged above the annular oil inlet cavity 142, so as to stabilize the pressure of the fuel in the flow path and enhance the tangential flow velocity in the swirl chamber 17.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a backflow combustion chamber is with taking pneumatics centrifugation backward flow formula fuel nozzle, includes nozzle bush (14) that is equipped with oil inlet (141), its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a nozzle structure, including nozzle bush (14), support and be equipped with integral type whirl pole (18) rather than self formation annular oil feed chamber (142), the narrow passageway of axial fuel (143), the extension end of whirl pole (18) is equipped with nozzle cap (16) rather than self formation whirl chamber (17), the extension end of whirl pole (18) is equipped with double-tangential inlet groove (182), be equipped with spout (161) on nozzle cap (16), be equipped with on whirl pole (18) return gallery (181) with whirl chamber (17) intercommunication, whirl pole (18) both sides are equipped with interior runner plane (183) respectively, interior runner plane (183) forms annular oil feed chamber (142), the narrow passageway (143) of axial fuel with the inner wall of nozzle bush (14), whirl chamber (17) are the hemisphere cavity, up being equipped with stop collar (11), supporting sleeve (12), spring (13), whirl pole (18) that can dismantle the connection down in proper order in nozzle bush (14), the position that whirl pole (18) are close to spring (13) is equipped with compressing tightly the groove (186), compress tightly the space (186) and compress tightly the spring (12) formation in the space.
2. The pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for the backflow combustion chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sealing groove (184) is formed in a portion, close to the spring (13), of the swirl rod (18), and a sealing rubber ring (185) which is in sealing contact with an inner wall of the nozzle bush (14) is arranged in the sealing groove (184).
3. A pneumatic centrifugal return fuel nozzle for a reverse flow combustor according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle liner (14) has a receiving groove (144) therein for receiving the nozzle cap (16).
4. The fuel nozzle with the pneumatic centrifugal backflow function for the backflow combustion chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein a nozzle outer cover (15) which is detachably connected is arranged on the nozzle bushing (14), an extending end of the nozzle outer cover (15) is provided with an opening (152), vertical center lines of the opening (152) and a nozzle opening (161) are consistent, and an air inlet (151) and an air outlet (153) are respectively arranged on two sides of the nozzle outer cover (15).
5. A fuel injector with pneumatic centrifugal return flow for a recirculating combustion chamber as set forth in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the intake port (151) is larger than the diameter of the exhaust port (153).
6. An aerodynamic, centrifugal recirculation fuel nozzle for a recirculation combustor according to claim 4, characterized in that said intake port (151) coincides with the transverse centerline of the exhaust port (153).
7. The pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle with the backflow combustor is characterized in that oil inlets (141) communicated with an annular oil inlet cavity (142) and an axial fuel narrow channel (143) are circumferentially distributed on the nozzle bushing (14), the oil inlets (141) are consistent with the transverse center line of the annular oil inlet cavity (142), and the axial fuel narrow channel (143) is arranged above the annular oil inlet cavity (142).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110971129.7A CN113739204B (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for backflow combustion chamber |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110971129.7A CN113739204B (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Pneumatic centrifugal backflow type fuel nozzle for backflow combustion chamber |
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| CN113739204A CN113739204A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
| CN113739204B true CN113739204B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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| CN114543118B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-04-25 | 中国航发贵阳发动机设计研究所 | Centrifugal starting nozzle |
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| CN113739204A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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