CN113738711B - Hybrid energy storage unit of electrostatic liquid and flywheel - Google Patents
Hybrid energy storage unit of electrostatic liquid and flywheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113738711B CN113738711B CN202111025730.3A CN202111025730A CN113738711B CN 113738711 B CN113738711 B CN 113738711B CN 202111025730 A CN202111025730 A CN 202111025730A CN 113738711 B CN113738711 B CN 113738711B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/04—Accumulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/26—Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/18—Combined units comprising both motor and pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/30—Hydraulic or pneumatic motors or related fluid control means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2201/00—Accumulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
- F15B2211/88—Control measures for saving energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/30—Hydraulic or pneumatic motors or related fluid control means therefor
- F16H2061/305—Accumulators for fluid supply to the servo motors, or control thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit. The invention comprises a flywheel, a storage battery, a motor controller, a motor, a hydraulic pump motor and a hydraulic oil tank; the storage battery is electrically connected with the motor through the motor controller, an output shaft of the motor is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor, the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor is also coaxially connected with an output shaft of the flywheel, a first oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic pump motor is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, and a second oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic pump motor is used as an oil inlet and outlet of the hybrid energy storage unit. When the invention is charged and discharged with low power, the motor is mainly used for mutually converting electric energy and hydraulic energy, and the flywheel speed only has small fluctuation; when high-power charging and discharging are carried out, mechanical energy and hydraulic energy are converted into each other mainly by the flywheel, and the flywheel speed has larger fluctuation. Compared with the traditional hydraulic accumulator for energy storage, the hybrid energy storage with high power density and high energy density can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic energy storage unit, in particular to an electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit.
Background
The hydraulic energy storage unit is widely applied to the fields of engineering machinery, vehicles, ocean energy utilization and the like, wherein the most common hydraulic energy storage unit is a hydraulic energy accumulator, and the hydraulic energy storage unit has high power density and has the following defects: 1) The energy density is low, the energy storage capacity is small, and the energy cannot be released for a long time; 2) The output hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic accumulator is quickly reduced to be lower than the pressure required by the system along with the release of the stored energy, so that the working stability of the system is affected; 3) The charging depends on the main power source, and when the energy storage state is low, a part of power is required to be distributed to charge the energy storage device, so that the power output of the load end can be influenced. The electric hydrostatic pump can be driven by a motor to work under a pumping working condition or work under a motor working condition to reversely drag the motor to operate as a generator, so that the hydraulic energy and the electric energy are mutually converted. The electric energy storage method has higher energy density but lower power density, can not provide high-power energy charge and discharge, and the flywheel has higher power density, can provide instant high-power charge and discharge and has lower energy density.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the art, the invention provides an electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit, which combines flywheel energy storage with high power density with storage battery energy storage with high energy density to realize the hybrid energy storage unit with high energy density and high power density. The hydraulic pump motor 5 is used as an electro-hydrostatic pump, a flywheel is connected to a shaft of the electro-hydrostatic pump, hydraulic energy can be stored and released through the hydraulic pump motor, and the hydraulic pump motor is integrated into an energy storage unit for use; when high-power charging and discharging are carried out, mechanical energy and hydraulic energy are converted into each other mainly by the flywheel, and the flywheel speed has larger fluctuation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention comprises a flywheel, a storage battery, a motor controller, a motor, a hydraulic pump motor and a hydraulic oil tank;
The storage battery is electrically connected with the motor through the motor controller, an output shaft of the motor is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor, the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor is also coaxially connected with an output shaft of the flywheel, the hydraulic pump motor is provided with two oil inlet and outlet ports, a first oil inlet and outlet port of the hydraulic pump motor is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, and a second oil inlet and outlet port of the hydraulic pump motor is used as an oil inlet and outlet port of the hybrid energy storage unit.
The hydraulic pump motor is a single hydraulic pump motor or a combination of more than two hydraulic pump motors.
The hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor is a closed hydraulic circuit or an open hydraulic circuit.
The storage battery is a battery pack or a super capacitor.
The flywheel is directly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor or is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor after passing through a clutch or a transmission mechanism.
The motor is directly connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor or is connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor after passing through a clutch or a transmission mechanism.
The power of the hybrid energy storage unit and the power of the flywheel and the motor meet the following relation:
P＝Pf+Pe
Wherein P is the power of the hybrid energy storage unit, P f is the power of the flywheel, and P e is the power of the motor.
The flywheel provides short-time high-power energy charging and discharging, and the electric hydrostatic pump provides long-time low-power energy charging and discharging so as to adapt to the requirements of the energy storage system under different working conditions. When more energy is needed to be absorbed in a short time, the flywheel can directly absorb high-power energy and release the high-power energy when needed, or can be used as a buffer for temporarily storing the high-power energy, and then the motor generates electricity with low power and converts the electricity into electric energy for storage; when the flywheel speed is low, the motor can accelerate for a long time with low power, and can be released once when the system needs high power to release energy.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The electric energy storage has high energy density, the flywheel energy storage has high power density but lower energy density, the flywheel is connected to the shaft of the electric hydrostatic pump, the electric hydrostatic pump provides low-power long-time hydraulic charging and discharging, and the flywheel provides short-time high-power hydraulic charging and discharging. When more energy is needed to be absorbed in a short time, the flywheel can directly absorb high-power energy and release the high-power energy when needed, or can be used as a buffer for temporarily storing the high-power energy, and then the motor generates electricity with low power and converts the electricity into electric energy for storage; when the flywheel speed is low, the motor can accelerate for a long time with low power, and can be released once when the system needs high power to release energy. The integrated design can reduce the volume of the energy storage unit and is convenient to integrate into the design of the hydraulic system. Compared with the traditional hydraulic accumulator for energy storage, the hybrid energy storage with high power density and high energy density can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series hydraulic hybrid system for wheel drive of a wheel loader according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front parallel hybrid system of a transmission for wheel drive of a wheel loader according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rear parallel hybrid system of the invention for a wheel-drive gearbox of a wheel loader.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front-to-parallel hybrid transmission system for use with a truck powertrain of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rear parallel hybrid system of a transmission for a truck powertrain in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1. flywheel, 2, storage battery, 3, motor controller, 4, motor, 5, hydraulic pump motor, 6, hydraulic tank, 7, main hydraulic pump, 8, hydraulic motor, 9, vehicle main reducer, 10, engine, 11, torque converter, 12, gearbox, 13, meshing gear pair, 14, first clutch, 15 second clutch.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a flywheel 1, a battery 2, a motor controller 3, a motor 4, a hydraulic pump motor 5, and a hydraulic oil tank 6;
The storage battery 2 is electrically connected with the motor 4 through the motor controller 3, an output shaft of the motor 4 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor 5, the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is also coaxially connected with an output shaft of the flywheel 1, the hydraulic pump motor 5 is provided with two oil inlet and outlet ports, a first oil inlet and outlet port of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 6, a second oil inlet and outlet port of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is used as a first oil inlet and outlet port of the hybrid energy storage unit, and in specific implementation, the first oil inlet and outlet port of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is used as a second oil inlet and outlet port of the hybrid energy storage unit or not.
The hydraulic pump motor 5 is a single hydraulic pump motor or a combination of two or more hydraulic pump motors.
The hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is a closed hydraulic circuit or an open hydraulic circuit.
The hydraulic pump motor 5 is a variable displacement hydraulic pump motor.
The battery 2 is a battery pack or a supercapacitor.
The flywheel 1 is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor 5 directly or through a clutch or through a transmission mechanism.
The motor 4 is directly connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor 5 or is connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor through a clutch or a transmission mechanism.
The power of the hybrid energy storage unit and the power of the flywheel 1 and the motor 4 satisfy the following relation:
P＝Pf+Pe
Wherein P is the power of the hybrid energy storage unit, P f is the power of the flywheel 1, and P e is the power of the motor 4.
The flywheel is connected to the shaft of the electro-hydrostatic pump, the electro-hydrostatic pump provides low-power and long-time hydraulic charging and discharging, and the flywheel provides short-time and high-power hydraulic charging and discharging. When more energy is needed to be absorbed in a short time, the flywheel can directly absorb high-power energy and release the high-power energy when needed, or can be used as a buffer for temporarily storing the high-power energy, and then the motor generates electricity with low power and converts the electricity into electric energy for storage; when the flywheel speed is low, the motor can accelerate for a long time with low power, and can be released once when the system needs high power to release energy.
The embodiment of the invention for different power systems and the implementation working process thereof are as follows:
Example 1
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series hydraulic hybrid system for a wheel loader travel drive according to the invention. The wheel loader is a widely applied engineering machine, a small and medium-sized wheel loader walking drive common hydrostatic transmission system, and the invention is applied to the hydrostatic transmission system of the wheel loader.
The hydrostatic transmission system comprises a main hydraulic pump 7, a hydraulic motor 8, a vehicle main speed reducer 9 and an engine 10, wherein an output shaft of the engine 10 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the main hydraulic pump 7, two oil inlet and outlet ports of the main hydraulic pump 7 are respectively communicated with two oil inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulic motor 8, the main hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic motor 8 form a hydrostatic transmission loop, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 is connected with the vehicle main speed reducer 9 through a transmission shaft, and an oil pipe connected between the main hydraulic pump 7 and the hydraulic motor 8 is communicated with a first oil inlet and outlet port of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit. The hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor 5 of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit in this embodiment is an open hydraulic circuit.
The main power source is an engine 10, drives a main hydraulic pump 7, drives a hydraulic motor 8 through a hydrostatic transmission loop, drives a vehicle main speed reducer 9 through the hydraulic motor 8, and finally drives vehicle wheels to run through the vehicle main speed reducer 9. The parallel hybrid energy storage unit can ensure that the hydraulic pressure of the hydrostatic transmission loop is at a more stable level on one hand and reduce system vibration caused by abrupt pressure change by controlling the hydraulic pressure of the oil inlet and outlet and the oil inlet and outlet flow; on the other hand, the power matching of the engine and the load can be adjusted through energy charging and discharging, so that the problem that the power matching of the engine and the load is poor when the load speed is too fast to change, and the working condition of the engine is deteriorated is solved, and the main power source is enabled to work stably. Meanwhile, the hybrid energy storage unit can recycle braking energy and provide auxiliary power, and the engine works in a higher-efficiency interval in an energy storage and recycling mode.
Example 2
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front parallel hybrid system of the gearbox for the travelling drive of the wheel loader according to the invention. For medium and large wheel loaders, the usual power transmission system is hydrodynamic transmission + gear shift transmission.
The power transmission system comprises a hydraulic motor 8, a vehicle main speed reducer 9, an engine 10, a hydraulic torque converter 11, a gearbox 12 and a meshing gear pair 13;
The two oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor 8 are respectively communicated with the first oil inlet and outlet and the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit, the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit (namely the first oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic pump motor 5) is not communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, namely the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is a closed hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic pump motor 5 and the hydraulic motor 8 constitute a hydrostatic transmission circuit.
The two gears of the meshing gear pair 13 are meshed to form a gear pair, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 is coaxially connected with one gear of the meshing gear pair 13, the other gear of the meshing gear pair 13 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic torque converter 11 and an input shaft of the gearbox 12 respectively, the hydraulic torque converter 11 and the gearbox 12 are respectively arranged on two sides of the meshing gear pair 13, the input shaft of the hydraulic torque converter 11 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the engine 10, an output shaft of the gearbox 12 is coaxially connected with the vehicle main speed reducer 9, and the output shaft of the hydraulic torque converter 11 and the input shaft of the gearbox 12 which are coaxially connected with the meshing gear pair 13 are used as transmission shafts of a power transmission system.
The hydraulic energy of the electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit can be converted into mechanical energy through the hydraulic motor 8 and is transmitted to the main power transmission shaft, and the redundant mechanical energy output by the engine 10 can be converted into hydraulic energy and stored in the energy storage unit. On one hand, through energy storage and release, the engine working point can be adjusted to a high-efficiency working area, so that the fuel economy is improved and the exhaust emission is reduced; on the other hand, the parallel hydraulic motor 8 can be used as auxiliary power, and the quick response and high power density characteristics of the hydraulic power are utilized to play a role in working conditions such as start-stop, acceleration and deceleration, and the like, so that the power performance and the maneuvering performance of the wheel loader are improved.
Example 3
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rear parallel hybrid system of the invention for a wheel loader travel drive gearbox. The main difference from embodiment 2 is that the hydraulic motor 8 is connected in parallel to the main drive shaft in different positions and different conditions. The speed of the rear parallel gearbox is lower and the torque demand is greater than the speed of the front parallel gearbox.
The power transmission system comprises a hydraulic motor 8, a vehicle main speed reducer 9, an engine 10, a hydraulic torque converter 11, a gearbox 12 and a meshing gear pair 13;
The two oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor 8 are respectively communicated with the first oil inlet and outlet and the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit, the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit (namely the first oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic pump motor 5) is not communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, namely the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is a closed hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic pump motor 5 and the hydraulic motor 8 constitute a hydrostatic transmission circuit.
The two gears of the meshing gear pair 13 are meshed to form a gear pair, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 is coaxially connected with one gear of the meshing gear pair 13, the other gear of the meshing gear pair 13 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the gearbox 12 and a connecting shaft of the vehicle main speed reducer 9 respectively, the vehicle main speed reducer 9 and the gearbox 12 are arranged on two sides of the meshing gear pair 13 respectively, the engine 10 is coaxially connected with an input shaft of the gearbox 12 through the hydraulic torque converter 11, and the output shaft of the gearbox 12 and the connecting shaft of the vehicle main speed reducer 9 which are coaxially connected with the meshing gear pair 13 are used as transmission shafts of a power transmission system.
The hydraulic energy of the electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit can be converted into mechanical energy through the hydraulic motor 8 and is transmitted to the main power transmission shaft, and the redundant mechanical energy output by the engine 10 can be converted into hydraulic energy and stored in the hybrid energy storage unit. Likewise, on the one hand, by means of energy storage and release, the engine operating point can be adjusted to a high-efficiency operating area, improving fuel economy and reducing exhaust emissions; on the other hand, the parallel hydraulic motor 8 can be used as auxiliary power, and the quick response and high power density characteristics of the hydraulic power are utilized to play a role in working conditions such as start-stop, acceleration and deceleration, and the like, so that the power performance and the maneuvering performance of the wheel loader are improved.
Example 4
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a front-to-parallel hybrid transmission system for use with a truck powertrain of the present invention. The heavy-duty truck has higher requirements on power performance, particularly on starting, braking, ascending and other working conditions, the power system needs to be simultaneously adapted to the low-speed working condition and the high-speed working condition of long-distance transportation, and the requirements on an engine and a gearbox are higher. Meanwhile, a large amount of braking energy is wasted when the truck descends a slope in a long distance, and an auxiliary heat dissipation device of a brake pad is required to be assembled.
The truck power system comprises a hydraulic motor 8, a vehicle final drive 9, an engine 10, a gearbox 12, a meshing gear pair 13, a first clutch 14 and a second clutch 15;
The two oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor 8 are respectively communicated with the first oil inlet and outlet and the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit, the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit (namely the first oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic pump motor 5) is not communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, namely the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is a closed hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic pump motor 5 and the hydraulic motor 8 constitute a hydrostatic transmission circuit.
The two gears of the meshing gear pair 13 are meshed to form a gear pair, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 is coaxially connected with one gear of the meshing gear pair 13 through a second clutch 15, the other gear of the meshing gear pair 13 is coaxially connected with an input shaft of the gearbox 12 and an output shaft of a first clutch 14 respectively, the first clutch 14 and the gearbox 12 are arranged on two sides of the meshing gear pair 13 respectively, the engine 10 is coaxially connected with the input shaft of the first clutch 14, and an output shaft of the gearbox 12 is coaxially connected with the vehicle main reducer 9; the input shaft of the gearbox 12, which is coaxially connected to the meshing gear pair 13, and the output shaft of the first clutch 14 are both used as drive shafts of the driveline.
On the one hand, during low-speed working conditions such as start-stop, acceleration and deceleration, ascending slope and the like, the second clutch 15 is connected, the parallel hydraulic motor 8 provides auxiliary power, the quick response and high power density characteristics of the hydraulic power are utilized to improve the power performance and the maneuvering performance of the truck, and under the high-speed working condition, the second clutch 15 is disconnected, so that the engine work is not influenced; on the other hand, under the working conditions of braking, long-distance downhill and the like, the second clutch 15 is connected, braking force is provided, braking energy is recovered at the same time, mechanical energy on the transmission shaft is converted and stored into the electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit through the hydraulic motor 8, and the mechanical energy is released again under the working conditions of auxiliary starting and the like, so that the energy efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the heat generated by braking is reduced.
Example 5
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rear parallel hybrid system of a transmission for a truck powertrain in accordance with the present invention. The main difference from embodiment 4 is that the hydraulic motor 8 is connected in parallel to the main drive shaft at different positions and under different conditions. The speed of the rear parallel hybrid of the gearbox is lower and the torque demand is greater than the speed of the front parallel hybrid of the gearbox.
The truck power system comprises a hydraulic motor 8, a vehicle final drive 9, an engine 10, a gearbox 12, a meshing gear pair 13, a first clutch 14 and a second clutch 15;
The two oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor 8 are respectively communicated with the first oil inlet and outlet and the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit, the second oil inlet and outlet of the electrohydraulic hybrid energy storage unit (namely the first oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic pump motor 5) is not communicated with the hydraulic oil tank, namely the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic pump motor 5 is a closed hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic pump motor 5 and the hydraulic motor 8 constitute a hydrostatic transmission circuit.
The two gears of the meshing gear pair 13 are meshed to form a gear pair, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 is coaxially connected with one gear of the meshing gear pair 13 through a second clutch 15, the other gear of the meshing gear pair 13 is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the gearbox 12 and a connecting shaft of the vehicle main speed reducer 9 respectively, the vehicle main speed reducer 9 and the gearbox 12 are arranged on two sides of the meshing gear pair 13 respectively, the engine 10 is coaxially connected with an input shaft of the gearbox 12 through a first clutch 14, and the output shaft of the gearbox 12 and the connecting shaft of the vehicle main speed reducer 9 which are coaxially connected with the meshing gear pair 13 are used as transmission shafts of a power transmission system.
Likewise, on the one hand, during low-speed working conditions such as start-stop, acceleration and deceleration, ascending slope and the like, the second clutch 15 is connected, the parallel hydraulic motor 8 provides auxiliary power, the quick response and high power density characteristics of the hydraulic power are utilized to improve the power performance and the maneuvering performance of the truck, and under the high-speed working condition, the second clutch 15 is disconnected without influencing the engine work; on the other hand, under the working conditions of braking, long-distance downhill and the like, the second clutch 15 is connected, braking force is provided, braking energy is recovered at the same time, mechanical energy on the transmission shaft is converted and stored into the electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit through the hydraulic motor 8, and the mechanical energy is released again under the working conditions of auxiliary starting and the like, so that the energy efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the heat generated by braking is reduced.
Claims (6)
1. An electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit, characterized by: comprises a flywheel (1), a storage battery (2), a motor controller (3), a motor (4) and a hydraulic pump motor (5);
The storage battery (2) is electrically connected with the motor (4) through the motor controller (3), an output shaft of the motor (4) is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor (5), and the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor (5) is also coaxially connected with an output shaft of the flywheel (1); when the energy storage unit performs low-power charging and discharging, the electric energy and the hydraulic energy are converted with each other mainly by the motor (4), and the speed of the flywheel (1) only has small fluctuation; when the energy storage unit performs high-power charging and discharging, mechanical energy and hydraulic energy are converted with each other mainly by the flywheel (1), and the speed of the flywheel (1) has larger fluctuation;
the target power transmission system comprises a hydraulic motor (8), a vehicle main speed reducer (9), an engine (10), a gearbox (12) and a meshing gear pair (13); the engine (10) is connected with the vehicle main speed reducer (9) after passing through the gearbox (12), the output shaft of the hydraulic motor (8) is coaxially connected with one gear of the meshing gear pair (13), the meshing gear pair (13) is arranged in front of/behind the gearbox (12), and the other gear of the meshing gear pair (13) is coaxially and mechanically connected with the gearbox (12);
When the electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit is connected in parallel with the target power transmission system, a first oil inlet and an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump motor (5) in the electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit are respectively communicated with two oil inlet and oil outlet of the hydraulic motor (8) in the target power transmission system, so that a hydraulic loop of the hydraulic pump motor (5) is a closed hydraulic loop, and the hydraulic pump motor (5) and the hydraulic motor (8) form a hydrostatic transmission loop.
2. An electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic pump motor (5) is a single hydraulic pump motor or a combination of more than two hydraulic pump motors.
3. An electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the storage battery (2) is a battery pack or a super capacitor.
4. An electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the flywheel (1) is directly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor (5) or is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor (5) through a clutch or a transmission mechanism.
5. An electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the motor (4) is directly connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor (5) or is connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic pump motor (5) through a clutch or a transmission mechanism.
6. An electro-hydrostatic-flywheel hybrid energy storage unit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the power of the hybrid energy storage unit and the power of the flywheel (1) and the power of the motor (4) meet the following relation:
P＝Pf+Pe
Wherein P is the power of the hybrid energy storage unit, P f is the power of the flywheel (1), and P e is the power of the motor (4).
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