CN113738540B - Prechamber gas nozzle for gas engine - Google Patents

Prechamber gas nozzle for gas engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113738540B
CN113738540B CN202111034903.8A CN202111034903A CN113738540B CN 113738540 B CN113738540 B CN 113738540B CN 202111034903 A CN202111034903 A CN 202111034903A CN 113738540 B CN113738540 B CN 113738540B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
valve seat
gas
nozzle body
air inlet
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CN202111034903.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113738540A (en
Inventor
郑石兵
李野
张重
杨宇坤
周科
冼则良
汪波
陈明
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Chongqing Hongjiang Machinery Co Ltd
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Chongqing Hongjiang Machinery Co Ltd
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Publication of CN113738540A publication Critical patent/CN113738540A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0263—Inwardly opening single or multi nozzle valves, e.g. needle valves
    • F02M21/0266—Hollow stem valves; Piston valves; Stems having a spherical tip
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248—Injectors
    • F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-combustion chamber gas nozzle for a gas engine, which is used for a marine gas engine with a pre-combustion chamber. The structure of the device consists of a nozzle body and an air inlet valve component which are integrated into a whole through interference fit; the air inlet valve assembly comprises a valve seat, a valve rod, a spring, a valve sleeve and a casting ball head. After the valve rod penetrates through the middle hole of the valve seat and is connected with the valve sleeve in a welding mode, the end face of the valve rod is cast and reinforced, and the valve rod and the valve sleeve are combined into a whole; the spring is clamped between the valve sleeve and the valve seat to provide power for resetting the valve rod. This gas nozzle compact structure, simple adopt the modularized design, carry out the difference design to nozzle body, case subassembly according to service environment and reliability requirement, outside the functional requirement that satisfies the precombustion chamber and admit air the burning, also make things convenient for the product to change the maintenance.

Description

Prechamber gas nozzle for gas engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel injection systems of gas engines and dual-fuel engines, in particular to a marine gas engine with a pre-combustion chamber for ignition.
Background
As emissions regulations become more stringent at home and abroad, new emissions regulations define very strict limits on the NOx, SOx and particulate matter content in exhaust gases. With the strong market pursuit of clean power, the engine industry is energetically developing gas fuel engine technology. Because the gas fuel (CNG, LPG) can not be like diesel oil to carry out compression ignition, ignition combustion is carried out by means of an ignition system, the ignition energy is higher than that of a gasoline engine and is generally not lower than 900K, in order to promote the multi-dimensional flame propagation rate, accelerate combustion heat release, improve the heat efficiency, improve lean combustion of a gas engine and avoid knocking, and the cylinder pre-combustion chamber structure is produced.
For a marine gas engine cylinder prechamber, a special gas nozzle needs to be arranged to provide gas fuel injection supply, and the existing gas nozzle has large flow area, rich gas fuel supply and air-fuel ratio which can not meet the requirement of the condition of lean combustion of a gas engine; in addition, the existing gas nozzle has a complex structure, and the occupation ratio of the appearance installation space is not favorable for the structural arrangement of the cylinder cover of the marine gas engine. The gas nozzle has the advantages of small flow area, short stroke, simple structure and one-way valve function, and can better solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a prechamber gas nozzle for a gas engine, which is used for meeting the requirement of a marine gas engine prechamber on gas fuel injection supply, further realizing the ignition and combustion of the prechamber, improving the ignition energy of a main combustion zone, increasing the flame propagation rate of lean mixture in the main combustion zone and improving the heat efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a prechamber gas nozzle for a gas engine comprises a nozzle body and an air inlet valve assembly arranged at the air outlet end of the nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body and the air inlet valve assembly are in interference fit. The air inlet valve assembly comprises a valve seat, a valve rod, a spring and a valve sleeve; the lower end of the valve rod is provided with an annular conical surface with the diameter larger than that of the middle hole of the valve seat and is matched with a valve port at the lower end of the valve seat; the upper end of the valve rod penetrates through the middle hole of the valve seat and then is connected with the valve sleeve into a whole in a welding mode, the spring is clamped between the valve sleeve and the valve seat to provide power for resetting the valve rod, and the end portion of the valve sleeve is larger than the middle hole of the valve seat to limit the descending stroke of the valve rod; the valve seat is three sections with diameters gradually reduced from top to bottom, the upper section of the valve seat is provided with pressure difference holes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and are communicated with air inlet of the nozzle body and a middle hole of the valve seat, the upper end of the middle section of the valve seat is provided with a second-stage excircle inclined shoulder, the air inlet inclined holes are uniformly distributed on the second-stage excircle inclined shoulder and are communicated to the upper part of a valve port in the valve seat, fuel gas is introduced, the excircle of the middle section of the valve seat is tightly matched with an inner hole of the nozzle body, the lower section of the valve seat is exposed out of the nozzle body, and the upper end of the valve seat is provided with a first-stage shoulder matched with the lower end face of the nozzle body.
Furthermore, a ball head is cast at the upper end of the valve rod and the end face of the valve sleeve, so that the valve rod, the valve sleeve and the ball head are more stably integrated.
Furthermore, the air inlet end of the nozzle body is provided with an external thread which is used for being meshed and screwed with the internal thread of the air inlet pipe, and an annular conical surface Z1 is arranged for sealing; the air outlet end is provided with an external thread M-2 for being meshed and screwed with the internal thread of the cylinder cover, and an annular conical surface Z2 is arranged on the outer circle for sealing.
Furthermore, the air inlet valve component adopts a short stroke H and linear sealing structure, when the air inlet valve component is completely opened, the stroke of the valve rod is 1.0-1.3 mm, and the flow cross section area is 4.0mm 2 ～5.0mm 2 When the intake valve component is closed, the R round corner on the valve port of the valve seat is in line sealing with the annular conical surface Z3 on the valve rod.
Further, the length of the air inlet valve component is less than 2cm, and the outer diameter of the air inlet valve component is less than 1 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the air inlet valve component is of a non-detachable structure. In case the valve rod among the inlet valve subassembly welds and the casting back with the valve barrel, the valve rod both ends all are greater than the mesopore of disk seat, make its unable normal dismantlement, when satisfying inlet valve functional requirement like this, improve the reliability of valve rod, valve barrel.
2. The valve seat of the air inlet valve component is provided with the pressure difference hole and the air inlet inclined hole, and the pressure difference hole can ensure that the inner cavity of the air inlet valve component and the gas in the nozzle body quickly reach pressure balance once the gas nozzle is ventilated, so that clamping stagnation caused by the pressure difference in the opening or closing process of the valve rod is avoided, and the opening or closing sensitivity of the air inlet valve is improved. The air inlet inclined holes are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the second-stage outer circle inclined shoulder of the valve seat, so that the valve rod is pushed by air inlet pressure and only subjected to axial force, and radial force is mutually counteracted, and the valve rod is ensured to be smoothly opened without clamping stagnation under a fit clearance of 0.1mm level; and meanwhile, when the air inlet valve is opened, sufficient flow area is provided for gas to enter the cylinder pre-combustion chamber, and the combustion requirement is met.
3. The two ends of the nozzle body adopt the design of external threads and annular conical surfaces, the external threads M-1 at the air inlet end are meshed and screwed with the internal threads of the air inlet pipe, and the annular conical surfaces Z1 are used for sealing, so that the gas at the air inlet is prevented from leaking; and the external thread M-2 at the gas outlet end is meshed and screwed with the internal thread of the cylinder cover and is sealed by using an annular conical surface Z2, so that gas at the gas outlet is prevented from leaking. The design can ensure that the fuel gas can smoothly enter the combustion chamber of the cylinder, and simultaneously, the safety and the reliability of the system are improved; in addition, the gas nozzle is very convenient to disassemble, examine, maintain and replace.
4. The intake valve subassembly adopts short stroke, and the structural design of line seal when the intake valve subassembly is opened completely: the stroke of the valve rod is 1.0 mm-1.3 mm, and the flow cross section area is 4.0mm 2 ～5.0mm 2 (ii) a When the admission valve was closed, the annular conical surface Z3 on R fillet and the valve rod on utilizing the disk seat carries out the line seal, and the sealed design of line is favorable to reducing sealing area, and the increase is specific pressure, realizes better sealed effect, prevents that the admission valve from closing the back, and the gas in the cylinder flows backward to the gas nozzle.
5. The gas nozzle has a light and handy structure and is compact; the air inlet valve component has the weight less than 5 g, the length less than 2cm and the outer diameter less than 1 cm. Adopt the modularized design, the gas nozzle maintenance of being convenient for, in case the admission valve subassembly breaks down, only need to strike it out with the help of the frock, and the new admission valve subassembly of reloading can use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an intake valve assembly;
FIGS. 3 and 3A are schematic views of a valve seat;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the valve stem and valve sleeve after welding and casting;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a nozzle body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the intake valve opening;
fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of intake valve closing.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the prechamber gas nozzle for a gas engine includes an intake valve assembly (1) and a nozzle body (2), and the intake valve assembly (1) is assembled at the gas outlet end of the intake valve assembly (1) and is in interference fit with the intake valve assembly (1).
Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the air inlet valve assembly consists of a valve seat (1-1), a valve rod (1-2), a spring (1-3), a valve sleeve (1-4) and a casting ball head (1-5). The lower end of the valve rod (1-2) is provided with an annular conical surface (Z3) with the diameter larger than that of the middle hole of the valve seat (1-1), and the annular conical surface is matched with a valve port at the lower end of the valve seat (1-1) to open and close gas. The upper end of the valve rod (1-2) penetrates through the middle hole of the valve seat (1-1) and then is connected with the valve sleeve (1-4) through welding, and the end surfaces of the valve rod and the valve sleeve are cast and reinforced to form a ball head (1-5), so that the valve rod, the valve sleeve and the cast ball head (1-5) are integrated. The spring (1-3) is clamped between the valve sleeve (1-4) and the valve seat (1-1) to provide power for the valve rod to reset. The end part of the valve sleeve (1-4) is larger than the middle hole of the valve seat (1-1) to limit the descending stroke of the valve rod of the valve. Thus, the air inlet valve assembly is formed into an undetachable structure, and has a small outline and light weight.
Referring to fig. 3 and 3A, in the present embodiment, the valve seat (1-1) is three stages with diameters gradually decreasing from top to bottom. Wherein, the upper section of the valve seat is provided with 4 pressure difference holes (phi-1) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and are communicated with the air inlet of the nozzle body (2) and the middle hole of the valve seat (1-1). The upper end of the middle section of the valve seat is provided with a second-stage excircle inclined shoulder, 6 air inlet inclined holes (phi-2) are uniformly distributed on the second-stage excircle inclined shoulder, the second-stage excircle inclined shoulders are communicated to the upper part of a valve port in the valve seat (1-1), fuel gas is introduced, and the excircle of the middle section of the valve seat is tightly matched with the inner hole of the nozzle body (2). The lower section of the valve seat is exposed out of the nozzle body (2), and the upper end of the valve seat is provided with a first-stage shoulder which is matched with the lower end surface of the nozzle body (2).
In this embodiment, the nozzle body both ends are "external screw thread + toroidal cone" design, and the inlet end of nozzle body (1) has the external screw thread for screw up with intake pipe internal thread meshing, and has toroidal cone (Z1), and bulb and toroidal cone Z1 rigid contact compress tightly bulb and toroidal cone through the mode that the hood is screwed up with the inlet end external screw thread, realize line seal. The air outlet end is provided with an external thread M-2 for being meshed and screwed with the internal thread of the cylinder cover, and the outer circle of the air outlet end is provided with an annular conical surface (Z2) for sealing.
In the embodiment, the air inlet valve component (2) adopts a short stroke (H) and linear sealing structure, and when the air inlet valve component is completely opened, the valve rod (H)1-2) has a stroke of 1.0mm to 1.3mm and a flow cross-sectional area of 4.0mm 2 ～5.0mm 2 When the intake valve component is closed, the R round angle on the valve port of the valve seat (1-1) and the annular conical surface (Z3) on the valve rod (1-2) are in line sealing, and the valve is suitable for gas engines needing pre-combustion chamber combustion ignition.
The working principle of the gas nozzle is explained in detail with reference to fig. 6 to 7:
gas inlet: after the gas nozzle is correctly installed on the cylinder cover, the gas inlet pipe is connected, the gas check valve is opened, and gas enters the central hole of the nozzle body (2) along the pipeline. Because 4 pressure difference holes (phi-1) are uniformly distributed on the small excircle of the valve seat (1-1) in the circumferential direction, the pressure balance between the inner cavity of the air inlet valve component (1) and the gas in the nozzle body (2) is achieved instantly, and meanwhile, the gas passes through 6 air inlets (phi-2) on the secondary excircle sloping shoulder of the valve seat (1-1) and acts on the annular conical surface (Z3) of the valve rod (1-2); when the thrust generated by the fuel gas is larger than the mounting pretightening force of the spring (1-3), the valve rod (1-2) in the air inlet valve component (1) is pushed away by the fuel gas, and the fuel gas enters the cylinder pre-combustion chamber along the gap between the valve rod and the valve seat (1-1).
Gas cutoff: when gas enters the cylinder pre-combustion chamber and reaches a combustion condition soon, an ignition system on the cylinder cover is opened, a gas check valve is closed, fresh gas does not enter a middle hole of the nozzle body (2), the gas in the gas nozzle can continuously flow to the pre-combustion chamber due to flow inertia and pressure difference, when the air pressure in the air inlet valve assembly and the pre-combustion chamber reach balance, the valve rod (1-2) loses gas thrust and returns quickly under the thrust generated by spring compression, and the air inlet valve assembly is closed.
The embodiments described above describe only some of the one or more embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the present examples and embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and various modifications and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A pre-combustion chamber gas nozzle for a gas engine comprises a nozzle body (2) and an air inlet valve component (1) arranged at the air outlet end of the nozzle body (2), wherein the nozzle body and the air inlet valve component are in interference fit; the air inlet valve assembly is characterized by comprising a valve seat (1-1), a valve rod (1-2), a spring (1-3) and a valve sleeve (1-4); the lower end of the valve rod (1-2) is provided with an annular conical surface (Z3) with the diameter larger than that of the middle hole of the valve seat (1-1), and the annular conical surface is matched with a valve port at the lower end of the valve seat (1-1); the upper end of the valve rod (1-2) penetrates through a middle hole of the valve seat (1-1) and then is connected with the valve sleeve (1-4) into a whole through welding, the spring (1-3) is clamped between the valve sleeve (1-4) and the valve seat (1-1) to provide power for resetting the valve rod, and the end part of the valve sleeve (1-4) is larger than the middle hole of the valve seat (1-1) to limit the descending stroke of the valve rod; the valve seat (1-1) is three sections with diameters gradually increased from top to bottom, the upper section of the valve seat is provided with differential pressure holes (phi-1) which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the differential pressure holes are communicated with air inlet of the nozzle body (2) and a middle hole of the valve seat (1-1), the upper end of the middle section of the valve seat is provided with a second-stage excircle inclined shoulder, the air inlet inclined holes (phi-2) are uniformly distributed on the valve seat, the valve seat is communicated to the upper part of a valve port in the valve seat (1-1) to introduce gas, the excircle of the middle section of the valve seat is tightly matched with the inner hole of the nozzle body (2), the lower section of the valve seat is exposed out of the nozzle body (2), and the upper end of the valve seat is provided with a first-stage shoulder which is matched with the lower end face of the nozzle body (2).
2. The prechamber gas nozzle for gas engines as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ball (1-5) is cast onto the upper end of the valve rod (1-2) and the end face of the valve sleeve (1-4) so that the valve rod, the valve sleeve and the ball (1-5) are integrated.
3. A prechamber gas nozzle for gas engines, according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the inlet end of the nozzle body (1) is provided with an external thread for screwing in engagement with an internal thread of the inlet pipe and with an annular conical surface (Z1) for sealing; the air outlet end is provided with an external thread M-2 for being meshed and screwed with the internal thread of the cylinder cover, and an annular conical surface (Z2) is arranged on the outer circle for sealing.
4. A prechamber gas nozzle for gas engines, according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet valve assembly (2) is of short stroke (H), linear sealing construction, with the valve stem (1-2) having a stroke of 1.0mm to 1.3mm and a cross-sectional flow area of 4.0mm when the inlet valve assembly is fully open 2 ～5.0mm 2 When the intake valve component is closed, the R round angle on the valve port of the valve seat (1-1) and the annular conical surface (Z3) on the valve rod (1-2) are in line sealing.
5. A prechamber gas nozzle for a gas engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake valve assembly (1) has a length of less than 2cm and an outer diameter of less than 1 cm.
CN202111034903.8A 2021-09-04 2021-09-04 Prechamber gas nozzle for gas engine Active CN113738540B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111034903.8A CN113738540B (en) 2021-09-04 2021-09-04 Prechamber gas nozzle for gas engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111034903.8A CN113738540B (en) 2021-09-04 2021-09-04 Prechamber gas nozzle for gas engine

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CN113738540A CN113738540A (en) 2021-12-03
CN113738540B true CN113738540B (en) 2022-08-23

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2654469A1 (en) * 1989-11-14 1991-05-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine, allowing an umbrella-shaped jet of fuel
DE10344880A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector
AT516619B1 (en) * 2015-02-27 2016-07-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Cylinder head and internal combustion engine
CN109989854A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-07-09 中船动力研究院有限公司 A kind of electromagnetism snifting valve

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