CN113736278A - Fiber-plastic section floor tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber-plastic section floor tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113736278A CN113736278A CN202111007162.4A CN202111007162A CN113736278A CN 113736278 A CN113736278 A CN 113736278A CN 202111007162 A CN202111007162 A CN 202111007162A CN 113736278 A CN113736278 A CN 113736278A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber-plastic section floor tile and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials. The fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention takes the fiber-plastic composite material made of waste textile fabrics and waste plastics as the raw material, is low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and realizes the reutilization of the waste textile fabrics and the waste plastics, so that the floor tile has a very high application prospect in the aspects of ground decoration and the like; the fiber-plastic composite material used by the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention has better mechanical property than a single component in the fiber-plastic section floor tile, so that the floor tile has longer service life; the container bottom plate made of the fiber-plastic section provided by the invention is provided with the anti-wear layer made of the fiber-plastic composite material doped with the wear-resistant agent as a raw material, so that the service life of the floor tile is further prolonged; the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention is provided with the waterproof layer, and the waterproof layer can effectively prevent the corrosion of liquid to the fiber-plastic composite material, so that the service life of the floor tile is further prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a fiber-plastic section floor tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The floor tile is a kind of floor decorating material, and is used mainly in floor and floor of public and civil buildings. In the past, floor tiles were typically fired with clay. At the present stage, the plastic floor tiles are gradually popular due to the advantages of light weight, simple preparation and the like. However, plastics are not easily degraded, and the environmental problem is aggravated by using the plastic floor tiles for a long time, so that it is very important to find a material which is more environment-friendly, light in weight and simple to prepare and replaces plastics to manufacture the floor tiles.
With the increasing living standard of people, the yield of waste textiles and waste plastics is greatly increased. The wastes pollute the environment, occupy land resources and cause great waste of resources, so that the comprehensive recycling of the wastes is urgently developed. Wherein the waste plastics are recycled industrially.
China is a large country for producing chemical fibers, textiles and textiles (clothing, etc.), and is also a large country for consuming and exporting textiles, and a large amount of waste textiles are generated from a production end and a consumption end every year. The utilization method of the waste textiles in China is mainly divided into 3 types, firstly, the waste textiles are physically recycled and are mechanically decomposed into fibers for recycling, but the waste textiles are difficult to classify, the utilization rate of the recycled fibers is low, a certain proportion of new materials are needed, the obtained regenerated textiles are low in quality, a large amount of non-spinnable fiber dust is generated in the regeneration process, and the environment is polluted; secondly, chemical recovery, namely treating the waste textiles by using a chemical method to obtain monomers to prepare new fibers, wherein a large amount of hazardous wastes are generated in the chemical recovery process, a large amount of carbon dioxide is discharged in the regeneration process, the equipment investment is large, the production cost is high, the conversion rate of the carbon dioxide used as a resource is low, so that the economic benefit is poor, the high-purity raw material source is limited, and the popularization is difficult in terms of resource utilization, environmental load and economy; and thirdly, energy recovery, namely directly burning the waste textiles to convert the waste textiles into heat energy, but the heat energy recovery rate is low, the waste of the textiles is serious, a large amount of carbon dioxide is discharged, and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like can be generated. The comprehensive utilization rate of domestic waste textiles is lower than 20 percent, so that the method for efficiently increasing the value and recycling the waste textiles is not slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plastic floor tile made of fiber-plastic composite materials and a preparation method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects that the plastic floor tile materials used in the prior art are not environment-friendly enough and the utilization rate of waste textiles is poor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a fiber-plastic section floor tile which is made of a fiber-plastic composite material A; the raw materials of the fiber-plastic composite material A comprise textile fibers and plastics; the textile fibers are derived from a textile.
In one embodiment of the invention, the floor tile comprises a core layer and a wear layer; the core layer is made of a fiber-plastic composite material A; the wear-resistant layer is made of a fiber-plastic composite material B; the raw materials of the fiber-plastic composite material B comprise textile fibers, plastics and an anti-wear agent; the textile fibers are derived from a textile.
In one embodiment of the invention, the floor tile further comprises a waterproof layer; the wear-resistant layer is positioned between the core layer and the waterproof layer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the core layer to the wear-resistant layer is 1: 0.1-0.5.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fiber-plastic composite material a is prepared by the following steps:
s1: crushing, opening, removing impurities and carding the textile fabric in the interweaving state to obtain treated textile fiber; the textile can be woven fabric, knitted fabric or non-woven fabric, and the treated textile fiber is uniform and completely separated single fiber or fiber in a yarn structure;
s2: reducing the volume of the treated textile fiber and plastic, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture, wherein the fiber-plastic mixture is in a block shape;
s3: dispersing the fibers in the fiber-plastic mixture in the plastic and forming an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound;
s4: granulating and cooling the crude fiber-plastic composite to obtain the fiber-plastic composite material A.
In one embodiment of the invention, the opening is to break up the textile fabric into a fluffy state, so that the volume of the finally treated textile fiber is enlarged by 2-6 times compared with the textile fabric.
In one embodiment of the invention, the opening times are 2-5 times, and the carding times are 1-3 times.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, the mixing is performed by screw mixing and extruding the treated textile fiber and plastic at 150-200 ℃ and 30-150 r/min, and the density of the fiber-plastic mixture obtained after volume reduction is 1050-1300 kg/m3。
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the dispersion is banburying under the conditions of no oxygen and 150-200 ℃, the rotor speed of the banburying is 30-60 r/min, the differential ratio is 0.8-1.2, and the time is 5-20 min.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the granulating and cooling are cone double extrusion and water cooling or biaxial tearing and air cooling, and the obtained fiber-plastic composite material has a particle size of 2-6 mm and a surface temperature of 80 ℃ or lower.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the removing is to remove metal fragments and particles from the textile fabric by using gravity, sieving, air flow sorting, and the like.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a cooling step of cooling the fiber-plastic mixture to 120 to 150 ℃ is further included between steps S2 and S3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the textile fabric in step S1 is new material, recycled material or a composite, a blended material or a mixture of the new material and the recycled material, the new material includes one or more of chemical fiber, plant fiber and animal fiber, the blended material or the mixture, and the recycled material includes old clothes or leftover materials generated in the textile processing process.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the plastic is at least one of PE, PP, PVC, PS and ABS.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S2, the mass ratio of the treated textile fibers to the plastic is 1: 0.4-0.8.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S2, when the processed fiber and plastic are mixed, the method further includes adding auxiliary materials in an amount of 10-20% of the total mass of the fiber and the plastic, where the auxiliary materials include fillers, wood materials, and compatible, lubricating and dispersing aids.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the wood-based material includes at least one of wood flour, rice hulls, and straw.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filler comprises at least one of limestone, talc powder, fly ash, construction waste crushing, slag, and electronic circuit board crushing.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of mineral oil, vegetable oil, stearic acid and its derivatives, degraded polyolefin wax, antioxidant and ultraviolet absorber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fiber-plastic composite material B is prepared by the following steps:
on the basis of the preparation method of the fiber-plastic composite material A, S2 is replaced by: and reducing the volume of the treated textile fibers, the treated plastic and the wear-resisting agent, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture, wherein the fiber-plastic mixture is formed into blocks.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the mass ratio of the treated textile fibers, the treated plastic and the treated anti-abrasion agent is 1: 0.4-0.8: 0.1-0.3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the plastic is at least one of HDPE, ASA and PMMA.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the fiber-plastic section floor tile, which comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing, opening, removing impurities and carding the textile fabric in the interweaving state to obtain treated textile fiber;
s2: reducing the volume of the treated textile fiber and plastic, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture A;
s3: dispersing the fibers in the fiber-plastic mixture A in the plastic and forming an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic composite A;
s4: granulating and cooling the crude fiber-plastic composite A to obtain a fiber-plastic composite material A;
s5: molding the fiber-plastic composite material A to obtain the fiber-plastic section floor tile;
alternatively, the method is as follows:
s1: crushing, opening, removing impurities and carding the textile fabric in the interweaving state to obtain treated textile fiber;
s2: reducing the volume of the treated textile fiber and plastic, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture A; reducing the volume of the treated textile fibers, the treated plastic and the abrasion-resistant agent, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture B;
s3: dispersing the fibers in the fiber-plastic mixture A and the fiber-plastic mixture B in the plastic and forming an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound A and a crude fiber-plastic compound B;
s4: granulating and cooling the crude fiber-plastic composite A and the crude fiber-plastic composite B to obtain a fiber-plastic composite material A and a fiber-plastic composite material B;
s5: and carrying out mould pressing on the fiber-plastic composite material A and the fiber-plastic composite material B to obtain the fiber-plastic section floor tile.
In one embodiment of the invention, the opening is specifically to break up the textile into a fluffy state, so that the volume of the finally treated textile fiber is enlarged by 2-6 times compared with the textile;
the opening times are 2-5 times, and the carding times are 1-3 times.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, the mixing is performed by screw mixing and extruding the treated textile fiber and plastic at 150-200 ℃ and 30-150 r/min, and the density of the fiber-plastic mixture obtained after volume reduction is 1050-1300 kg/m3。
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the dispersion is banburying under the conditions of no oxygen and 150-200 ℃, the rotor speed of the banburying is 30-60 r/min, the differential ratio is 0.8-1.2, and the time is 5-20 min.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the granulating and cooling are cone double extrusion and water cooling or biaxial tearing and air cooling, and the obtained fiber-plastic composite material has a particle size of 2-6 mm and a surface temperature of 80 ℃ or lower.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the removing is to remove metal fragments and particles from the textile fabric by using gravity, sieving, air flow sorting, and the like.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a cooling step of cooling the fiber-plastic mixture to 120 to 150 ℃ is further included between steps S2 and S3.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the step S5 and the step S5, the temperature for molding the fiber-plastic composite material a is 150 to 200 ℃;
or in the step S5, the temperature for molding the fiber-plastic composite material A and the fiber-plastic composite material B is 150-200 ℃.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises step S6; the S6 is as follows: and coating waterproof paint on one surface of the fiber-plastic section floor tile.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the textile fabric in step S1 is new material, recycled material or a composite, a blended material or a mixture of the new material and the recycled material, the new material includes one or more of chemical fiber, plant fiber and animal fiber, the blended material or the mixture, and the recycled material includes old clothes or leftover materials generated in the textile processing process.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the fiber-plastic mixture a, the plastic is at least one of PE, PP, PVC, PS and ABS.
In one embodiment of the invention, in the fiber-plastic mixture A, the mass ratio of the treated textile fibers to the plastic is 1: 0.4-0.8.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the fiber-plastic mixture B, the plastic is at least one of HDPE, ASA and PMMA.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the treated textile fibers, the treated plastic and the treated anti-wear agent in the fiber-plastic mixture B is 1: 0.4-0.8: 0.1-0.3.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step S2, when the processed fiber and plastic are mixed, the method further includes adding auxiliary materials in an amount of 10-20% of the total mass of the fiber and the plastic, where the auxiliary materials include fillers, wood materials, and compatible, lubricating and dispersing aids.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the wood-based material includes at least one of wood flour, rice hulls, and straw.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filler comprises at least one of limestone, talc powder, fly ash, construction waste crushing, slag, and electronic circuit board crushing.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of mineral oil, vegetable oil, stearic acid and its derivatives, degraded polyolefin wax, antioxidant and ultraviolet absorber.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention takes the fiber-plastic composite material made of waste textile fabrics and waste plastics as the raw material, and has the advantages of low cost, environmental protection and realization of reutilization of the waste textile fabrics and the waste plastics, so the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention has extremely high application prospect in the aspects of ground decoration and the like, and the fiber-plastic composite material used by the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention has better mechanical property than a single component in the fiber-plastic section floor tile, so the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention has longer service life, in addition, the fiber-plastic section container bottom plate provided by the invention is provided with an anti-wear layer made of the fiber-plastic composite material doped with a wear-resisting agent as the raw material, and the service life of the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention is further prolonged.
(2) The fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention is provided with the waterproof layer, and the waterproof layer can effectively prevent liquid from corroding the fiber-plastic composite material, so that the service life of the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention is further prolonged.
(3) According to the preparation method of the fiber-plastic section floor tile, the opening step is added before the impurities are removed from the textile, so that the problems of uneven feeding, incomplete crushing of fine-count high-density cloth and non-orientation of the fiber caused by forced feeding in the prior art are solved, and the fiber → yarn → textile interweaving structure is separated through opening and returns to the state of the yarn or even single fiber, so that the fiber length during feeding is improved, and the fiber orientation is consistent.
(4) Because the textile fiber, the straw and other herbal fibers are thinner, softer and flexible, the volume reduction step of the preparation method of the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention can prevent the problem that the fiber reinforcement effect is not obvious due to the uneven dispersion of the fiber-plastic section floor tile in plastic and the difficulty in forming a fiber-plastic interface, and simultaneously improves the production efficiency, so that the whole scheme is more suitable for industrial production; the subsequent banburying leads the fiber to be dispersed in the plastic in a yarn or fiber shape, has certain orientation and forms a fiber-plastic interface coated by the plastic.
(5) The preparation method of the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention directly increases the cooling step, protects the fabric fibers such as cotton and hemp which are easy to carbonize, and prevents the fabric fibers from carbonizing or spontaneous combustion; the cooling between the steps S2 and S3 ensures that sufficient banburying time exists in the step S3, so that the fibers are fully dispersed in the plastic matrix and a good fiber-plastic interface is formed; and meanwhile, the cooling step prevents the aggregation and adhesion of materials, so that the burden is caused on the subsequent steps and the performance of the prepared composite material is influenced.
(6) The preparation method of the fiber-plastic section floor tile provided by the invention is simple and feasible, is convenient for large-scale industrial production, is environment-friendly and energy-saving in raw materials, and has excellent performance and wide application field of the prepared fiber-plastic composite material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a fiber-plastic section floor tile.
In fig. 1, a core layer 1, a wear layer 2 and a waterproof layer 3.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
The textiles used in examples 1-4 were clothing mill offcuts and recovered uniforms, and the source was "two-net fusion" waste sorting.
The plastic used in examples 1-4 was PE, and the source was "two-network-fused" garbage sorting.
In the auxiliary materials used in the embodiments 1-4, the wood material is waste wood chips of a wood processing factory, and the source is 'two-net fusion' garbage classification and sorting.
The filler used in examples 1 to 4 was conventional commercially available 100 mesh calcium carbonate.
The auxiliary agents used in the embodiments 1 to 4 include conventional commercially available rubber process oil, stearic acid and derivatives thereof, degraded polyolefin wax, antioxidant 1010, and ultraviolet absorbent UV-531, and the specific use auxiliary materials include waste wood chips in mass ratio: calcium carbonate: rubber process oil: stearic acid: degrading the polyolefin wax: antioxidant: the ultraviolet absorbent is 10:5:1:1:1:1: 1.
Example 1: fiber-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof
The embodiment provides a fiber-plastic composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the woven fabric, scattering the woven fabric into a fluffy state, repeating the process for 3 times, removing metal fragments and particles in the woven fabric by using airflow separation, and finally carding for 2 times to obtain the treated textile fiber, wherein the volume of the treated textile fiber is 3 times of that of the woven fabric, and the treated textile fiber is uniform and completely separated single fiber or fiber with a yarn structure;
(2) mixing the treated textile fiber, plastic and auxiliary material at 200 deg.C and 100r/min by screw extrusion, and reducing volume to obtain block fiber-plastic mixture with density of 1200kg/m3Then cooling the fiber-plastic mixture to 140 ℃; wherein the weight ratio of the textile fiber, the plastic and the auxiliary material is 1:0.5: 0.2.
(3) Banburying the fiber-plastic mixture under the conditions of no oxygen and 200 ℃ to ensure that fibers are dispersed in plastic and form an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound, wherein the banburying has a rotor rotating speed of 30r/min, a differential speed ratio of 1.1 and a time of 12 min;
(4) and (3) carrying out cone double extrusion and water cooling on the rough fiber-plastic composite to obtain the fiber-plastic composite material, wherein the particle size is 2-6 mm, and the surface temperature is below 80 ℃.
Example 2: fiber-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof
The embodiment provides a fiber-plastic composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the woven fabric, scattering the woven fabric into a fluffy state, repeating the process for 4 times, removing metal fragments and particles in the woven fabric by using airflow separation, and finally carding for 3 times to obtain the treated textile fiber, wherein the volume of the treated textile fiber is 4 times of that of the woven fabric, and the treated textile fiber is uniform and completely separated single fiber or fiber with a yarn structure;
(2) extruding the treated textile fiber, plastic and auxiliary materials by a screw at 180 ℃ and 110r/min, mixing and reducing the volume to obtain a blocky fiber-plastic mixture with the density of 1100kg/m3Then cooling the fiber-plastic mixture to 120 ℃; wherein the textile fiber,The weight ratio of the plastic to the auxiliary materials is 1:0.4: 0.15.
(3) Banburying the fiber-plastic mixture at 280 ℃ in the absence of oxygen to enable fibers to be dispersed in plastic and form an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound, wherein the banburying has a rotor rotating speed of 50r/min, a differential speed ratio of 0.9 and a time of 10 min;
(4) and (3) carrying out cone double extrusion and water cooling on the rough fiber-plastic composite to obtain the fiber-plastic composite material, wherein the particle size is 2-6 mm, and the surface temperature is below 80 ℃.
Example 3: fiber-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof
The embodiment provides a fiber-plastic composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the woven fabric, scattering the woven fabric into a fluffy state, repeating for 2 times, sorting and removing metal fragments and particles in the woven fabric by using airflow, and finally carding for 1 time to obtain the treated textile fiber, wherein the volume of the treated textile fiber is 2 times of that of the woven fabric, and the treated textile fiber is a uniform and completely separated fiber and yarn-forming structure;
(2) extruding the treated textile fiber, plastic and auxiliary materials by a screw at 170 ℃ under 100r/min, mixing and reducing the volume to obtain a blocky fiber-plastic mixture with the density of 1200kg/m3Then cooling the fiber-plastic mixture to 140 ℃; wherein the weight ratio of the textile fiber, the plastic and the auxiliary material is 1:0.5: 0.2.
(3) Banburying the fiber-plastic mixture under the conditions of no oxygen and 200 ℃ to ensure that fibers are dispersed in plastic and form an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound, wherein the banburying has a rotor rotating speed of 40r/min, a differential speed ratio of 1.0 and a time of 5 min;
(4) and (3) carrying out cone double extrusion and water cooling on the rough fiber-plastic composite to obtain the fiber-plastic composite material, wherein the particle size is 2-6 mm, and the surface temperature is below 80 ℃.
Example 4: fiber-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof
This example provides a fiber-plastic composite and a method for making the same, which differs from example 1 in that there is no cooling step for the fiber-plastic mixture.
Comparative example 1: fiber-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof
This comparative example provides a fiber-plastic composite and a method for preparing the same, differing from example 1 in that there is no opening of the textile fibers.
Test example 1: performance testing of fiber-plastic composites
The fiber-plastic composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, as well as the PE new material (for injection bottle caps) derived from the Yanshan petrochemical 1300J and the recycled PE of mineral water bottle caps were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test results for examples 1-4 and comparative example materials
| Group of | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Flexural Strength (MPa) | Flexural modulus (MPa) |
| PE new material | 22 | 21 | 1100 |
| Recycled PE | 18 | 18 | 600 |
| Example 1 | 32 | 40 | 3100 |
| Example 2 | 28 | 35 | 2800 |
| Example 3 | 34 | 31 | 2500 |
| Example 4 | 33 | 36 | 2400 |
| Comparative example 1 | 25 | 28 | 2100 |
As can be seen from the above table, the performance effect of each example is obviously higher than that of PE new material and regenerated PE; example 4 lacks a cooling step, the performance of which has little influence, but which seriously affects the preparation efficiency of the material and simultaneously causes potential safety hazard to the whole process; comparative example 1 compared with example 1, the performance of PE virgin stock and PE reclaimed stock is much poorer than that of example 1, but still higher than that of the base body because of the non-opening, uneven feeding, incomplete cloth crushing and non-oriented fiber.
The textile used in example 5 was clothing mill offal and recycled uniform, the source being "two-net-merge" waste sorting.
The plastic a used in example 5 was PE, the plastic B was HDPE and the source was "two-net fusion" waste sorting.
The anti-wear agent used in example 5 was a conventional commercially available a-186 anti-wear agent.
In the auxiliary materials used in example 5, the wood material is waste wood chips of a wood processing factory, and the source is 'two-net fusion' garbage classification and sorting.
The filler used in example 5 was a conventional commercially available 100 mesh calcium carbonate.
The auxiliary agent used in the embodiment 5 comprises conventional commercially available rubber processing oil, stearic acid and derivatives thereof, degraded polyolefin wax, antioxidant 1010 and ultraviolet absorbent UV-531, and the mass ratio of each component in the auxiliary materials is waste wood chips: calcium carbonate: rubber process oil: stearic acid: degrading the polyolefin wax: antioxidant: the ultraviolet absorbent is 10:5:1:1:1:1: 1.
The water-repellent coating used in example 5 was a conventional commercially available H818 standard type water-repellent slurry.
Example 5: fiber-plastic section floor tile and preparation method thereof
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fiber-plastic floor tile, which includes a core layer 1, a wear-resistant layer 2, and a waterproof layer 3, and the preparation method includes:
(1) crushing the woven fabric, scattering the woven fabric into a fluffy state, repeating the process for 3 times, removing metal fragments and particles in the woven fabric by using airflow separation, and finally carding for 2 times to obtain the treated textile fiber, wherein the volume of the treated textile fiber is 3 times of that of the woven fabric, and the treated textile fiber is uniform and completely separated single fiber or fiber with a yarn structure;
(2) extruding the treated textile fiber, plastic A and auxiliary materials by a screw at 200 ℃ and 100r/min for mixing and volume reduction to obtain a blocky fiber-plastic mixture A with the density of 1200kg/m3Then cooling the fiber-plastic mixture A to 140 ℃; in the fiber-plastic mixture A, the weight ratio of the textile fibers, the plastic A and the auxiliary materials is 1:0.5: 0.2;
extruding the treated textile fiber, plastic B, auxiliary materials and wear-resisting agent by a screw at 200 ℃ under the condition of 100r/min, mixing and reducing the volume to obtain a blocky fiber-plastic mixture B with the density of 1200kg/m3Then cooling the fiber-plastic mixture B to 140 ℃; fiber-plastic mixtureIn the step B, the weight ratio of the textile fibers, the plastic B, the auxiliary materials and the wear-resisting agent is 1:0.5:0.2: 0.2.
(3) Banburying the fiber-plastic mixture A and the fiber-plastic mixture B under the conditions of no oxygen and 200 ℃ to enable fibers to be dispersed in plastics and form an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound A and a crude fiber-plastic compound B, wherein the banburying has a rotor rotating speed of 30r/min, a differential ratio of 1.1 and a time of 12 min;
(4) carrying out cone double extrusion and water cooling on the rough fiber-plastic composite A and the rough fiber-plastic composite B to obtain a fiber-plastic composite material A and a fiber-plastic composite material B, wherein the particle size is 2-6 mm, and the surface temperature is below 80 ℃;
(5) molding the fiber-plastic composite material A and the fiber-plastic composite material B at 180 ℃, and coating a waterproof coating on one surface of the fiber-plastic composite material B, which is not in contact with the fiber-plastic composite material A, to obtain the fiber-plastic section floor tile; the mass ratio of the fiber-plastic composite material A to the fiber-plastic composite material B is 1: 0.3.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fiber-plastic section floor tile is characterized in that the floor tile is made of a fiber-plastic composite material A; the raw materials of the fiber-plastic composite material A comprise textile fibers and plastics; the textile fibers are derived from a textile.
2. The fiber-plastic profile floor tile according to claim 1, wherein the floor tile comprises a core layer and a wear layer; the core layer is made of a fiber-plastic composite material A; the wear-resistant layer is made of a fiber-plastic composite material B; the raw materials of the fiber-plastic composite material B comprise textile fibers, plastics and an anti-wear agent; the textile fibers are derived from a textile.
3. The fiber-plastic profile floor tile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the floor tile further comprises a waterproof layer; the wear-resistant layer is positioned between the core layer and the waterproof layer.
4. The fiber-plastic floor tile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mass ratio of the core layer to the wear-resistant layer is 1: 0.1-0.5.
5. A method for preparing the fiber-plastic floor tile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing, opening, removing impurities and carding the textile fabric in the interweaving state to obtain treated textile fiber;
s2: reducing the volume of the treated textile fiber and plastic, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture A;
s3: dispersing the fibers in the fiber-plastic mixture A in the plastic and forming an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic composite A;
s4: granulating and cooling the crude fiber-plastic composite A to obtain a fiber-plastic composite material A;
s5: molding the fiber-plastic composite material A to obtain the fiber-plastic section floor tile;
alternatively, the method is as follows:
s1: crushing, opening, removing impurities and carding the textile fabric in the interweaving state to obtain treated textile fiber;
s2: reducing the volume of the treated textile fiber and plastic, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture A; reducing the volume of the treated textile fibers, the treated plastic and the abrasion-resistant agent, and mixing to obtain a fiber-plastic mixture B;
s3: dispersing the fibers in the fiber-plastic mixture A and the fiber-plastic mixture B in the plastic and forming an interface to obtain a crude fiber-plastic compound A and a crude fiber-plastic compound B;
s4: granulating and cooling the crude fiber-plastic composite A and the crude fiber-plastic composite B to obtain a fiber-plastic composite material A and a fiber-plastic composite material B;
s5: and carrying out mould pressing on the fiber-plastic composite material A and the fiber-plastic composite material B to obtain the fiber-plastic section floor tile.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the opening is carried out by scattering the textile fabric into a fluffy state, so that the volume of the finally treated textile fiber is enlarged by 2-6 times compared with the textile fabric;
the opening times are 2-5 times, and the carding times are 1-3 times.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in step S2, the mixing is performed by screw mixing and extruding the treated textile fiber and plastic at 150-200 ℃ and 30-150 r/min, and the density of the fiber-plastic mixture obtained after volume reduction is 1050-1300 kg/m3。
8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein in the step S3, the dispersion is banburying in the absence of oxygen at 150 to 200 ℃, the rotor speed of the banburying is 30 to 60r/min, the differential ratio is 0.8 to 1.2, and the time is 5 to 20 min.
9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein in the step S5, the temperature for molding the fiber-plastic composite material A is 150 to 200 ℃;
or in the step S5, the temperature for molding the fiber-plastic composite material A and the fiber-plastic composite material B is 150-200 ℃.
10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, further comprising a step S6; the S6 is as follows: and coating waterproof paint on one surface of the fiber-plastic section floor tile.
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