CN113735355A - Hemodialysis water production equipment with host capable of being thermally sterilized and temperature compensation and sterilization method thereof - Google Patents
Hemodialysis water production equipment with host capable of being thermally sterilized and temperature compensation and sterilization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113735355A CN113735355A CN202111104946.9A CN202111104946A CN113735355A CN 113735355 A CN113735355 A CN 113735355A CN 202111104946 A CN202111104946 A CN 202111104946A CN 113735355 A CN113735355 A CN 113735355A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/003—Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a host machine heat-sterilizable water production device for hemodialysis, which comprises a raw water pump, a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening filter, a precision filter, a first heater, a balancer, a first-stage high-pressure pump, a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system, a second-stage high-pressure pump, a second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system, a second heater, a heat sterilization water tank, a circulating pipeline and a ward pipeline. The water production equipment for hemodialysis adopts a sanitary reverse osmosis membrane element capable of carrying out heat sterilization, two heaters consisting of a plurality of electric heating rods are added in the equipment to heat water flow in a pipeline, hot water at 85-90 ℃ is adopted to carry out heat sterilization on a reverse osmosis system pipeline and a reverse osmosis membrane, and chemical sterilization can also be carried out, so that the problem of breeding of microorganisms and bacteria in a main machine pipeline is solved, and the problem of water yield reduction of the reverse osmosis system caused by over-low temperature of tap water in winter is also solved by heating the pipeline water flow by the electric heaters at 10-15 ℃ through temperature compensation; the novel valve is adopted in the pipeline of the equipment, so that the mute effect is achieved, and the problem of high noise of the equipment is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical pure water, in particular to a hemodialysis water production device with a host capable of being thermally sterilized and a temperature compensation and sterilization method thereof.
Background
In a common water production device for hemodialysis, the device mainly comprises a raw water pump, a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening filter, a balancer, a first-stage high-pressure pump, a first-stage RO system, a second-stage high-pressure pump, a second-stage RO system and an electric control system. At present, the water making equipment for hemodialysis mainly has the following defects:
(1) the RO host machine is sterilized without heat. In the existing devices on the market, the problem of excessive control of microorganisms and bacteria is mainly achieved by heat sterilization of an external circulation pipeline for supplying water to a hemodialysis machine through heat sterilization devices developed by respective companies, for example, a water production device for hemodialysis, patent CN209759147U, a water production device for two-stage direct supply hemodialysis, patent CN211836601, a water production device for hemodialysis, a heat sterilization patent CN104474903B electromagnetic heating device, an ultrapure water preparation system for hemodialysis, and patent CN210084996U, a water production device for hemodialysis, which uses electromagnetic heating and has a sterilization function, are patents.
(2) The equipment operation is noisy. Certain noise exists when the water production equipment for hemodialysis runs, the noise of the existing equipment is more than 70 decibels, and the noise penetrates through a machine room, so that the rest of a patient is influenced, and the field experience of equipment maintenance personnel is also influenced.
(3) The water yield decreases in winter. Under the condition that the temperature of tap water is lower in winter, the water yield of the RO main machine is reduced due to the influence of factors of expansion with heat and contraction with cold on the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane, and the normal water supply of equipment is influenced. Therefore, when the equipment is selected, the model with larger water production is generally selected, which undoubtedly increases the energy consumption and the cost of the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide hemodialysis water production equipment with a host capable of being thermally sterilized and a sterilization method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of reduction of water production of a reverse osmosis system, high equipment noise and the like caused by breeding of microorganisms and bacteria in pipelines of the host and low temperature of tap water in winter.
One of the technical schemes provided by the invention is as follows: a host machine can be used for the water making apparatus of hemodialysis of thermal sterilization, raw water pump, quartz sand filter, activated carbon filter, softening filter, precise filter, first heater and balancer of the said water making apparatus connect sequentially through the pipeline before the first class high-pressure pump, the first class high-pressure pump connects the first class reverse osmosis membrane system after the first class high-pressure pump, the water producing end of the first class reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the second class high-pressure pump inlet all the way after the flow counter, all the way is connected with pipeline of ward, the said first class high-pressure pump inlet still has pipeline all the way to pass the inlet connection of the fourth valve and second class high-pressure pump, the concentrated water end of the first class reverse osmosis membrane system passes the eighth valve and connects with the water tank of thermal sterilization all the way through the pipeline, all the way flows back to the balancer through the fifth valve, there is a water drainage pipe with third valve at the bottom of the balancer; the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected behind the second-stage high-pressure pump, one path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is directly connected with the upper end of the balancer through a ninth valve, the other path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the upper end of the balancer through a tenth valve, the other path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the upper end of the heat disinfection water tank through an eleventh valve, a sampling port, a conductivity meter, a flow meter and a thirteenth valve are sequentially arranged on a water production end pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system, the thirteenth valve is a three-way valve, the other path of the thirteenth valve is connected with a ward pipeline through a fifteenth valve, the thirteenth valve and the fifteenth valve are connected with the upper part of the heat disinfection water tank through a twelfth valve pipeline, the other path of the thirteenth valve is communicated with the first-stage permeable membrane pipeline, the balancer is connected with the upper end of the heat disinfection water tank through a pipeline, a fourteenth valve is arranged on the pipeline, one path of the fourteenth valve is connected with the ward pipeline, the bottom of the heat disinfection water tank is connected with a hot water pump through a pipeline, the second heater returns to the water inlet end of the first-stage high-pressure pump through a seventeenth valve and an eighteenth valve, and the second heater is connected with a ward pipeline through a sixteenth valve pipeline.
Further, the reverse osmosis membrane elements in the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are sanitary-grade heat disinfection reverse osmosis membrane elements.
Furthermore, the first heater and the second heater are both composed of a plurality of electric heating rods, a first valve and a second valve in front of the first heater are connected in series, and a manual valve is arranged on the first heater in parallel.
Furthermore, the concentrated water outlet pipelines of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a back pressure valve, the concentrated water outlet pipelines of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are divided into two paths after passing through the back pressure valves, one path freely flows through a seventh valve, and the other path flows back to the balancer after passing through a sixth valve; a back pressure valve on a concentrated water outlet pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is arranged on a tenth valve pipeline.
Further, a salt barrel is arranged on the softening filter.
Furthermore, a water sample detection sampling port is arranged in front of the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the softening filter and the precision filter.
The water outlet pipelines of the water production ends of the first high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a conductivity sensor; pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the raw water pump water outlet pipe, the primary high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the primary reverse osmosis membrane component water inlet pipe, the secondary high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the secondary reverse osmosis membrane component water inlet pipe and the ward dialysis water point pipeline; flow sensors are respectively arranged on a return pipeline of the concentrated water end and the balancer of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane component and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component, a water inlet pipeline from the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane component to the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component, and a water production outlet pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component; liquid level sensors are arranged on the balancer and the heat disinfection water tank; the raw water pump, the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the softening filter, the precision filter, the primary reverse osmosis membrane system, the secondary high-pressure pump and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a pressure gauge at the front and the back, the conductivity sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor, the liquid level sensor and the pressure gauge are in signal connection with a control system, and the control system is in signal connection with a display.
The invention also provides another technical scheme: a first heater and a second heater adopted by the water making equipment are overcurrent type electric heaters consisting of a plurality of electric heating rods, the first heater and the second heater are adopted to heat water flow in a pipeline for temperature compensation, and the temperature of the temperature compensation is 10-15 ℃.
The invention also provides another technical scheme: a disinfection method of water production equipment for hemodialysis comprises the steps of heat disinfection of a main machine, heat disinfection of a circulating pipeline and chemical disinfection of the circulating pipeline, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) host machine heat sterilization: before disinfection, water is supplemented to the heat disinfection water tank, the water level of the heat disinfection water tank reaches a high liquid level, a corresponding valve on a heat disinfection pipeline of the host is opened, other valves are closed, a hot water pump is started, a time delay is carried out for several seconds, the second heater starts to work, hot water passes through an eighteenth valve pipeline between the second heater and the primary high-pressure pump, reaches a pipeline in front of the primary high-pressure pump, enters the secondary reverse osmosis membrane system through a fourth valve pipeline for heat disinfection, and simultaneously passes through the primary high-pressure pump for heat disinfection of the primary reverse osmosis membrane, and all hot water flows back to the heat disinfection water tank from a concentrated water side through a pipeline; when the temperature of the water is monitored to reach 85-90 ℃, stopping the pump, continuously heating by the electric heater, and keeping the temperature for 30-45 minutes; after the heat sterilization is finished, an electric drain valve at the tail end of the circulating pipeline can be automatically opened or a drain valve of a heat sterilization water tank can be manually opened, and a hot water pump is started to quickly drain water;
(2) and (3) heat sterilization of a circulating pipeline: before disinfection, the heat disinfection water tank is replenished with water, the water level of the heat disinfection water tank reaches a high liquid level, a hot water pump is started, a second heating rod starts to work after a few seconds of delay, hot water passes through a pipeline between the second heating rod and a ward pipeline to carry out heat disinfection on a circulating pipeline, and the hot water flows back to the heat disinfection water tank; when the temperature of the water is monitored to reach 85-90 ℃, stopping the pump, continuously heating by the electric heater, and keeping the temperature for 30-45 minutes; after the heat sterilization is finished, an electric drain valve at the tail end of the circulating pipeline can be automatically opened or a drain valve of a heat sterilization water tank can be manually opened, and a hot water pump is started to quickly drain water;
(3) chemical disinfection of the circulating pipeline: preparing a disinfectant in a balance water tank, wherein the water quantity of a balancer is above the middle liquid level, opening a corresponding valve on a disinfection pipeline, starting a secondary high-pressure pump, enabling the disinfectant flowing out of a secondary reverse osmosis water production side to enter a ward pipeline and then flow back to the balancer, circularly disinfecting for 20-30 minutes, and stopping the secondary high-pressure pump after soaking for 20-30 minutes; after the pipeline disinfection is finished, the first-stage high-pressure pump is started to chemically disinfect the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane, the cyclic disinfection is carried out for 20-30 minutes, the high-pressure pump is stopped after the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane is soaked for 20-30 minutes, and the disinfectant flows back to the balancer through a return pipeline behind the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system; after chemical disinfection is finished, a drain valve at the bottom of the balancer is opened to discharge disinfectant, then a host startup flushing program is started, the index of the residual quantity of the discharged disinfectant is monitored, and a plurality of times of discharge flushing and discharge circulation are carried out when the residual quantity of the discharged disinfectant does not reach the standard until the drain quantity of the drain valve at the bottom of the balancer is opened to drain water after the residual quantity of the discharged disinfectant reaches the standard.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the water production equipment for the mute hemodialysis adopts a sanitary reverse osmosis membrane element capable of carrying out heat disinfection, two heaters consisting of a plurality of electric heating rods are added in the equipment to heat water flow in a pipeline, hot water at 85-90 ℃ is adopted to carry out heat disinfection on a reverse osmosis system pipeline and a reverse osmosis membrane, chemical disinfection can be adopted, the problem of breeding of microorganisms and bacteria in a main machine pipeline is solved, the pipeline is subjected to temperature compensation, and the problem of water yield reduction of the reverse osmosis system caused by over-low temperature of tap water in winter is also solved by heating the water flow in the pipeline to 10-15 ℃; the novel valve is adopted in the pipeline of the equipment, so that the mute effect is achieved, and the problem of high noise of the equipment is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process of the hemodialysis water production facility with a heat sterilizable main unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a thirteenth valve;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a fourteenth valve;
wherein: 101 to 119 are numbers of the first to nineteenth valves;
1. a raw water pump; 2. a quartz sand filter; 3. an activated carbon filter; 4. a softening filter; 5. a precision filter; 6. a first heater; 7. a balancer; 8. a first stage high pressure pump; 9. a water sample detection sampling port; 10. a salt barrel; 11. a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system; 12. a second stage high pressure pump; 13. a heat disinfection water tank; 14. a secondary reverse osmosis membrane system; 15. a hot water pump; 16. a second heater; 17. a manual valve; 18. a back pressure valve; 19. a point of water for dialysis; 20. a constant pressure valve; 21. preparing a liquid water point; 22. water points for washing; 23. a diaphragm valve; 24. a conductivity sensor; 25. a pressure sensor; 26. a flow sensor; 27. a liquid level sensor; 28. and a pressure gauge.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application better understood, the following description clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a water production device for hemodialysis with a host machine capable of being thermally sterilized, a raw water pump 1, a quartz sand filter 2, an activated carbon filter 3, a softening filter 4, a precision filter 5, a first heater 6 and a balancer 7 of the water production device are sequentially connected through a pipeline in front of a primary high-pressure pump 8, and a water sample detection sampling port 9 is arranged in front of each of the quartz sand filter 2, the activated carbon filter 3, the softening filter 4 and the precision filter 5; the softening filter 4 is provided with a salt barrel 10; the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11 is connected behind the first-stage high-pressure pump 8, one path of a water production end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11 is connected with an inlet of a second-stage high-pressure pump 12, the other path of the water production end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11 is connected with a ward pipeline, the inlet of the first-stage high-pressure pump 8 is also connected with the inlet of the second-stage high-pressure pump 12 through a fourth valve 104, a concentrated water end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11 is connected with a heat disinfection water tank 13 through an eighth valve 108 through one path of a pipeline, the other path of the concentrated water end flows back to the balancer 7 through a fifth valve 105, and a drain pipe with a third valve 103 is arranged at the bottom of the balancer 7; the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 14 is connected behind the second-stage high-pressure pump 12, one path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 14 is directly connected with the upper end of the balancer 7 through a ninth valve 109, one path of the concentrated water end is connected with the upper end of the balancer 7 through a tenth valve 110, the other path of the concentrated water end is connected with the upper end of the heat disinfection water tank 13 through an eleventh valve 111, a thirteenth valve 113 and a thirteenth valve 113 are three-way valves on a water production end pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 14, one path of the concentrated water end is connected with a ward pipeline through a fifteenth valve 115, the thirteenth valve 113 and the fifteenth valve 115 are connected with the upper part of the heat disinfection water tank 13 through a twelfth valve 112 pipeline, one path of the concentrated water end is communicated with the water production end pipeline of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11, the balancer 7 is connected with the upper end of the heat disinfection water tank 13 through a pipeline, a fourteenth valve 114 is arranged on the pipeline and is a three-way valve, one path of the concentrated water end is connected with the ward pipeline, the bottom of the heat disinfection water tank 13 is connected with a hot water pump 15 through a pipeline, the second heater 16 returns to the water inlet end of the first-stage high-pressure pump 8 through a seventeenth valve 117 and an eighteenth valve 118, and is connected with a ward pipeline through a sixteenth valve 116.
The reverse osmosis membrane elements in the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11 and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 14 are sanitary-grade heat disinfection reverse osmosis membrane elements; the first heater 6 and the second heater 16 are both composed of a plurality of electric heating rods, a first valve 101 and a second valve 102 are connected in series in front of the first heater 6, a manual valve 17 is connected in parallel on the first heater, the manual valve 17 is a bypass valve of the first valve and the second valve of the electric valve, and when the water machine is adjusted manually, the manual valve 17 is opened manually to inject water into a balancer.
In order to well control the flow of the concentrated water, the concentrated water outlet pipelines of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 11 and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system 14 are respectively provided with a back pressure valve 18, the concentrated water outlet pipeline of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is divided into two paths after passing through the back pressure valve 18, one path freely flows and discharges through a seventh valve 107, and the other path flows back to the balancer after passing through a sixth valve 106; a back pressure valve 18 is arranged on a concentrated water outlet pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system on a tenth valve pipeline.
The water point 19 for dialysis, the constant pressure valve 20, the water point 21 for liquid preparation, the water point 22 for flushing and the diaphragm valve 23 are sequentially arranged on the ward pipeline, the constant pressure valve 21 is connected in parallel on the water point for dialysis on the pipeline, and the tail end of the ward pipeline is also provided with a discharge pipeline through a nineteenth valve 119.
The host machine can be used for heat sterilization, and the water production equipment for hemodialysis further comprises a control system and a display, wherein the water outlet pipelines of the water production ends of the first high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a conductivity sensor 24 for detecting the conductivity change of water in the pipelines; pressure sensors 25 are respectively arranged on a raw water pump water outlet pipe, a primary high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, a primary reverse osmosis membrane component water inlet pipe, a secondary high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, a secondary reverse osmosis membrane component water inlet pipe and a ward dialysis water point pipeline; flow sensors 26 are respectively arranged on a return pipeline of the concentrated water end and the balancer of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane component and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component, a water inlet pipeline from the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane component to the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component and a water production and outlet pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component, and are used for displaying the flow state of each process point of reverse osmosis so as to monitor the running performance of the membrane; the balancer and the heat disinfection water tank are provided with liquid level sensors 27 which are used for detecting the liquid levels in the balancer and the heat disinfection water tank and guiding the equipment system to control the liquid levels; the raw water pump, the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the softening filter, the precision filter, the primary reverse osmosis membrane system, the secondary high-pressure pump and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a pressure gauge 28 in front and at the back, and the pressure gauges are used for displaying the operating pressure and facilitating the transportation and setting of the adjusting equipment. The conductivity sensor 24, the pressure sensor 25, the flow sensor 26, the level sensor 27 and the pressure gauge 28 are in signal connection with a control system, which is in signal connection with a display.
The operation process of the equipment, the heat disinfection method and the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) starting up and flushing: when the liquid level of the balancer is high, the sixth valve, the tenth valve, the fifteenth valve and the nineteenth valve are opened, the thirteenth valve and the fourteenth valve are in default ON-0 positions, other valves are closed, and the first-stage high-pressure pump and the second-stage high-pressure pump are started; when the liquid level in the balancer is lower than the preset liquid level, the first valve and the second valve are opened, other valves are closed, and the raw water pump is started, wherein the liquid level of the balancer is generally judged first, and then the pump is started.
(2) Normal water production: raw water sequentially enters a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening filter, a precision filter, a first heater, a balancer, a first-stage high-pressure pump, a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system, a second-stage high-pressure pump and a second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system through a raw water pump and then reaches a ward pipeline, and pure water flows back to the balancer. When the liquid level of the balancer is high, the sixth valve, the tenth valve and the fifteenth valve are opened, the thirteenth valve and the fourteenth valve are in default ON-0 positions, other valves are closed, and the first-stage high-pressure pump and the second-stage high-pressure pump are started; when the liquid level in the balancer is lower than the preset liquid level, the first valve and the second valve are opened, other valves are closed, and the raw water pump is started, wherein the liquid level of the balancer is generally judged first, and then the pump is started.
(3) Single-stage water production: raw water passes through a raw water pump and then sequentially enters a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening filter, a precision filter, a first heater, a balancer, a first-stage high-pressure pump and a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system to reach a ward pipeline, and pure water flows back to the balancer; when the liquid level of the balancer is high, the sixth valve and the fifteenth valve are opened, the thirteenth valve is switched to a horizontal ON-1 position, the fourteenth valve defaults to an ON-0 position, other valves are in a closed state, and the primary high-pressure pump is started; when the liquid level of the balancer is lower than the middle liquid level, the first valve and the second valve are opened, other valves are closed, the raw water pump is started, when the liquid level of the balancer reaches the middle liquid level, the single-stage water production is automatically started usually when the two-stage high-pressure pump fails according to the action of the high liquid level of the balancer.
(4) Single-stage and two-stage water preparation: raw water passes through a raw water pump and then sequentially enters a quartz sand filter, an activated carbon filter, a softening filter, a precision filter, a first heater, a balancer, a second-stage high-pressure pump and a second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system to reach a ward pipeline, and pure water flows back to the balancer; when the liquid level of the balancer is high, the fourth valve, the tenth valve and the fifteenth valve are opened, the thirteenth valve and the fourteenth valve are in default ON-0 positions, other valves are in closed states, and the secondary high-pressure pump is started; when the liquid level of the balancer is lower than the middle liquid level, the first valve and the second valve are opened, other valves are closed, the raw water pump is started, when the liquid level of the balancer reaches the middle liquid level, the single-stage and two-stage water making actions are carried out according to the high liquid level of the balancer, and the single-stage and two-stage water making actions are automatically started when the first-stage high-pressure pump fails.
(5) Water replenishing of a hot water tank: and (4) starting a normal water making program, opening a twelfth valve to supplement water, closing the twelfth valve when the liquid level of the hot water tank is high, and entering a subsequent program.
(6) Host machine heat sterilization: and opening a fourth valve, an eighth valve, an eleventh valve and an eighteenth valve, keeping a thirteenth valve and a fourteenth valve at default ON-0 positions, closing other valves, starting a hot water pump, electrifying and heating an electric heater, monitoring whether the temperature reaches a set disinfection temperature, stopping the pump, keeping the electric heater powered off, keeping the temperature for 20-30 minutes, circularly cooling after the electric heater is powered off, preparing water by equipment, supplementing cold water in the hot water tank and neutralizing the temperature, and only opening a seventeenth electromagnetic valve when the hot water tank discharges, and starting the hot water pump to discharge hot water.
(7) And (3) heat sterilization of a circulating pipeline: and opening a sixteenth valve, setting a thirteenth valve at a default ON-0 position, operating a fourteenth valve to an ON-1 position, closing the rest valves, electrifying the electric heater, starting the hot water pump, monitoring whether the temperature reaches a set disinfection temperature, stopping the pump, keeping the electric heater powered off, keeping the temperature for 20-30 minutes, circularly cooling after the electric heater is powered off, preparing water by equipment, supplementing cold water in the hot water tank to the neutral temperature, and only opening a seventeenth electromagnetic valve when the hot water tank discharges, and starting the hot water pump to discharge hot water.
(8) Chemical disinfection of the circulating pipeline: firstly, judging the liquid level of a balancer, adding a disinfectant into the liquid level of the balancer, running a program, opening a fourth valve and a fifteenth valve, setting a thirteenth valve and a fourteenth valve at default ON-0 positions, closing the other valves, starting a second-stage high-pressure pump, circulating for 20-30 minutes, soaking for 20-30 minutes, stopping the pump, and entering a first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system disinfection program: opening a fifth valve, setting a thirteenth valve and a fourteenth valve at default ON-0 positions, closing the other valves, starting a first-level high-pressure pump, circulating for 20-30 minutes, soaking for 20-30 minutes, stopping the pump, resetting the valves, and entering a balancer discharge program: and opening the third valve, setting the thirteenth valve and the fourteenth valve at default ON-0 positions, closing the other valves, entering a starting flushing mode of the balancer and the host, detecting the residual quantity index of the water disinfectant, and entering an automatic operation program.
(9) Temperature compensation: when the water inlet temperature of the balancer is too low in the equipment water making process, the first heater and the second heater are powered on to heat water flow in the pipeline, and the temperature is controlled to be 10-15 ℃.
While embodiments of the present invention have been described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A hemodialysis water making device with a host machine capable of being sterilized by heat is characterized in that: the raw water pump, the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the softening filter, the precision filter, the first heater and the balancer of the water making equipment are sequentially connected through a pipeline in front of the first-stage high-pressure pump, the first-stage high-pressure pump is connected with the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system, one water producing end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the inlet of the second-stage high-pressure pump after passing through a flowmeter, the other water producing end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the inlet of the second-stage high-pressure pump through a fourth valve, one concentrated water end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the heat disinfection water tank through an eighth valve through a pipeline, the other water producing end of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system returns to the balancer through a fifth valve, and a drain pipe with a third valve is arranged at the bottom of the balancer; the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected behind the second-stage high-pressure pump, one path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is directly connected with the upper end of the balancer through a ninth valve, the other path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the upper end of the balancer through a tenth valve, the other path of the concentrated water end of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is connected with the upper end of the heat disinfection water tank through an eleventh valve, a sampling port, a conductivity meter, a flow meter and a thirteenth valve are sequentially arranged on a water production end pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system, the thirteenth valve is a three-way valve, the other path of the thirteenth valve is connected with a ward pipeline through a fifteenth valve, the thirteenth valve and the fifteenth valve are connected with the upper part of the heat disinfection water tank through a twelfth valve pipeline, the other path of the thirteenth valve is communicated with the first-stage permeable membrane pipeline, the balancer is connected with the upper end of the heat disinfection water tank through a pipeline, a fourteenth valve is arranged on the pipeline, one path of the fourteenth valve is connected with the ward pipeline, the bottom of the heat disinfection water tank is connected with a hot water pump through a pipeline, the second heater returns to the water inlet end of the first-stage high-pressure pump through a seventeenth valve and an eighteenth valve, and the second heater is connected with a ward pipeline through a sixteenth valve pipeline.
2. A host heat sterilizable hemodialysis water production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and the reverse osmosis membrane elements in the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are sanitary-grade heat disinfection reverse osmosis membrane elements.
3. A host heat sterilizable hemodialysis water production apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the first heater and the second heater are overcurrent type electric heaters consisting of a plurality of electric heating rods, a first valve and a second valve in front of the first heater are connected in series, and a manual valve is arranged on the first heater in parallel.
4. A host heat sterilizable hemodialysis water production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the concentrated water outlet pipelines of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a back pressure valve, the concentrated water outlet pipelines of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are divided into two paths after passing through the back pressure valves, one path freely flows through a seventh valve, and the other path flows back to the balancer after passing through a sixth valve; a back pressure valve on a concentrated water outlet pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system is arranged on a tenth valve pipeline.
5. A host machine heat sterilizable hemodialysis water production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: and a salt barrel is arranged on the softening filter.
6. A host machine heat sterilizable hemodialysis water production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: and water sample detection sampling ports are arranged in front of the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the softening filter and the precision filter.
7. A host heat sterilizable hemodialysis water production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the water outlet pipelines of the water production ends of the first high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a conductivity sensor; pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the raw water pump water outlet pipe, the primary high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the primary reverse osmosis membrane component water inlet pipe, the secondary high-pressure pump water inlet pipe, the secondary reverse osmosis membrane component water inlet pipe and the ward dialysis water point pipeline; flow sensors are respectively arranged on a return pipeline of the concentrated water end and the balancer of the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane component and the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component, a water inlet pipeline from the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane component to the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component, and a water production outlet pipeline of the second-stage reverse osmosis membrane component; liquid level sensors are arranged on the balancer and the heat disinfection water tank; the raw water pump, the quartz sand filter, the activated carbon filter, the softening filter, the precision filter, the primary reverse osmosis membrane system, the secondary high-pressure pump and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane system are respectively provided with a pressure gauge at the front and the back, the conductivity sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor, the liquid level sensor and the pressure gauge are in signal connection with a control system, and the control system is in signal connection with a display.
8. A temperature compensation method of a water preparation device for hemodialysis is characterized in that: the water making equipment adopts the first heater and the second heater which are over-flow electric heaters consisting of a plurality of electric heating rods, and the first heater and the second heater are adopted to heat water flow in the pipeline for temperature compensation, wherein the temperature of the temperature compensation is 10-15 ℃.
9. A method for disinfecting a water production device for hemodialysis, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the disinfection method of the water production equipment for hemodialysis comprises heat disinfection and chemical disinfection, specifically comprises heat disinfection of a main machine, heat disinfection of a circulating pipeline and chemical disinfection of the circulating pipeline, and specifically comprises the following disinfection steps:
(1) host machine heat sterilization: before disinfection, the water is supplemented to the heat disinfection water tank, the water level of the heat disinfection water tank reaches a high liquid level, a corresponding valve on a heat disinfection pipeline of the host is opened, other valves are closed, a hot water pump is started, a time delay is carried out for several seconds, the second heater starts to work, hot water passes through a pipeline between the second heater and the first-stage high-pressure pump, reaches the first-stage high-pressure pump and carries out heat disinfection on the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane, and a part of hot water flows back to the heat disinfection water tank from a concentrated water side through a pipeline between the concentrated water side and the heat disinfection water tank; one part of the hot water enters a secondary reverse osmosis membrane through a water production side, the secondary reverse osmosis membrane is subjected to heat sterilization, and all the hot water flows back to a heat sterilization water tank from a concentrated water side through a pipeline; when the temperature of the water is monitored to reach 85-90 ℃, stopping the pump, continuously heating by the electric heater, and keeping the temperature for 30-45 minutes; after the heat sterilization is finished, an electric drain valve at the tail end of the circulating pipeline can be automatically opened or a drain valve of a heat sterilization water tank can be manually opened, and a hot water pump is started to quickly drain water;
(2) and (3) heat sterilization of a circulating pipeline: before disinfection, the heat disinfection water tank is replenished with water, the water level of the heat disinfection water tank reaches a high liquid level, a hot water pump is started, a second heating rod starts to work after a few seconds of delay, hot water passes through a pipeline between the second heating rod and a ward pipeline to carry out heat disinfection on a circulating pipeline, and the hot water flows back to the heat disinfection water tank; when the temperature of the water is monitored to reach 85-90 ℃, stopping the pump, continuously heating by the electric heater, and keeping the temperature for 25-30 minutes; after the heat sterilization is finished, an electric drain valve at the tail end of the circulating pipeline can be automatically opened or a drain valve of a heat sterilization water tank can be manually opened, and a hot water pump is started to quickly drain water;
(3) chemical disinfection of the circulating pipeline: preparing a disinfectant in a balance water tank, wherein the water quantity of a balancer is above the middle liquid level, opening a corresponding valve on a disinfection pipeline, starting a secondary high-pressure pump, enabling the disinfectant flowing out of a secondary reverse osmosis water production side to enter a ward pipeline and then flow back to the balancer, circularly disinfecting for 20-30 minutes, and stopping the secondary high-pressure pump after soaking for 20-30 minutes; after the pipeline disinfection is finished, the first-stage high-pressure pump is started to chemically disinfect the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane, the cyclic disinfection is carried out for 20-30 minutes, the high-pressure pump is stopped after the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane is soaked for 20-30 minutes, and the disinfectant flows back to the balancer through a return pipeline behind the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane system; after the chemical disinfection is finished, a drain valve at the bottom of the balancer is opened to discharge disinfectant, then a host startup flushing program is started, the index of the residual quantity of the discharged disinfectant is monitored, and the discharged disinfectant is subjected to multiple flushing cycles when the residual quantity of the discharged disinfectant does not reach the standard, and the drain valve at the bottom of the balancer is opened to drain water after the residual quantity of the discharged disinfectant reaches the standard.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114163024A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 江苏龙净科杰环保技术有限公司 | Novel water treatment system |
| CN117582824A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-23 | 武汉启诚生物技术有限公司 | Water purification equipment heat sterilization method and water purification equipment heat sterilization system |
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- 2021-09-22 CN CN202111104946.9A patent/CN113735355A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114163024A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-11 | 江苏龙净科杰环保技术有限公司 | Novel water treatment system |
| CN114163024B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-10-04 | 江苏龙净科杰环保技术有限公司 | Water treatment system |
| CN117582824A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-23 | 武汉启诚生物技术有限公司 | Water purification equipment heat sterilization method and water purification equipment heat sterilization system |
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