CN113735213B - Power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device - Google Patents
Power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113735213B CN113735213B CN202111170499.7A CN202111170499A CN113735213B CN 113735213 B CN113735213 B CN 113735213B CN 202111170499 A CN202111170499 A CN 202111170499A CN 113735213 B CN113735213 B CN 113735213B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a focusing solar seawater desalination device with power-enhanced evaporation, wherein a solar absorption pipe is arranged on a focal line of a groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of a focusing solar heat collector, the left end of the solar absorption pipe is connected with a seawater storage tank through a first absorption pipe, the right end of the solar absorption pipe is connected with a condensing coil pipe through a second absorption pipe, the other end of the condensing coil pipe is connected with a fresh water storage tank through a fresh water collecting pipe, the condensing coil pipe is positioned in a water-cooled condenser, the upper part of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a second low-pressure pump through a second exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a fresh water outlet. The lower part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a cold seawater inlet pipe, the upper part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a seawater outlet pipe, and the other end of the seawater outlet pipe is connected with a seawater storage tank. The upper part of the seawater storage tank is connected with the first low-pressure pump through a first exhaust pipe. The device strengthens the evaporation of seawater, improves the water yield of the device, fully utilizes the condensation latent heat of vapor and improves the utilization rate of solar energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a focusing solar seawater desalination device with power enhanced evaporation.
Background
Steam of traditional disk solar still condenses on the apron, and the latent heat of condensation of vapor makes the temperature rise of glass apron to reduced the difference in temperature between the evaporation surface of water and the condensation surface, weakened the production rate of surface of water steam, and then reduced the water yield and the utilization efficiency of energy of distiller, make disk solar still's water yield lower. The total heat capacity of the conventional tray type solar distillation apparatus is too large, thereby reducing the efficiency of increasing the temperature of water in the tray, and reducing the water outlet time and water yield of the apparatus. The seawater in the plate evaporates, rises to the cover plate to be condensed, latent heat is released, heat is finally dissipated to the atmosphere through the cover plate, heat loss is large, efficient utilization of solar energy is not facilitated, the process is related to water yield in unit time, the larger the water yield is, the more the heat is dissipated to the atmosphere, the higher the speed of taking away the heat in the seawater is, and further improvement of the water body temperature is limited. It would be beneficial to increase the water production rate of the device if the rate of heat loss at the cover plate could be controlled or the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor could be recycled rather than wasted. Therefore, it is necessary to design a seawater desalination device to enhance the evaporation of seawater, increase the water yield of the device, and fully utilize the latent heat of condensation of water vapor to increase the utilization rate of solar energy.
Increasing the vacuum of the system enables the seawater to boil at a lower temperature, further reducing the heat lost by convection and radiation. But due to the lower vapor pressure generated, it will be unfavorable for the condensation of these vapors in the condenser coil. The lower the vacuum level, the more vapor that cannot be condensed is carried away by the vacuum pump. Therefore, a reasonable vacuum range must be selected, which is best when the vacuum is maintained to boil the seawater at 80 to 85 ℃. The invention discloses a low-pressure solar seawater desalination device using an ejector, which is disclosed in Chinese patent No. CN200910197518.8, the low-pressure vacuum of the whole system is formed by the self weight of seawater, so the vacuum degree of the system is not easy to control. The invention can control the vacuum degree in a reasonable and stable range by using the low-pressure pump in the system, ensures that the seawater boils at about 80 ℃, stabilizes the generation rate of water surface steam, and greatly improves the water yield of unit area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a focusing solar seawater desalination device with power enhanced evaporation aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art. The device makes the pressure in the solar absorption pipe lower than the atmospheric pressure of the environment by using the low-pressure pump in the system, so as to reduce the boiling temperature of seawater, strengthen the evaporation of seawater, simultaneously reduce the convection and radiation heat loss of the solar absorption pipe to the environment, be beneficial to improving the water yield of the device, simultaneously recycle the seawater used for condensing water vapor in the condenser, preheat the seawater about to enter the absorption pipe by using the latent heat of steam condensation, drive the seawater to further evaporate, fully utilize the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor, and overcome the defect that the heat energy in the prior art is not fully utilized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a focusing solar seawater desalination device with power enhanced evaporation mainly comprises a focusing solar heat collector, a solar absorption tube, a water-cooled condenser, a fresh water storage tank, a seawater storage tank, a low-pressure pump and the like. The solar energy absorption pipe is arranged on the focal line of a groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of the focusing type solar heat collector, the left end of the solar energy absorption pipe is connected with the seawater storage tank through the first pipeline of the absorption pipe, seawater enters the solar energy absorption pipe from the seawater storage tank through the first pipeline of the absorption pipe, and the temperature of the seawater is increased to reach about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy. The right end of the solar absorption pipe is connected with a condensing coil through a second pipeline of the absorption pipe, the other end of the condensing coil is connected with a fresh water storage tank through a fresh water collection pipe, and the condensing coil is located inside the water-cooled condenser. The upper part of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a second low-pressure pump through a second exhaust pipe, and the lower end of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a fresh water outlet. The lower part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a cold seawater inlet pipe, the upper part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a seawater outlet pipe, and the other end of the seawater outlet pipe is connected with a seawater storage tank. The upper part of the seawater storage tank is connected with the first low-pressure pump through a first exhaust pipe.
The working principle of the invention is further as follows: the seawater in the seawater storage tank enters the solar absorption pipe through the first pipeline of the absorption pipe, the temperature is raised to about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy, the pressure in the solar absorption pipe is lower than the pressure of the environment due to the action of the low-pressure pump, and the seawater boils at about 80 ℃. The water vapor generated in the solar absorption pipe enters the water-cooled condenser along the second pipeline of the absorption pipe to exchange heat with the condensing coil pipe to generate condensation, the latent heat of condensation of the water vapor preheats cold seawater in the water-cooled condenser, and the preheated seawater enters the seawater storage tank through the seawater outlet pipe and the circulating pump to serve as seawater for the feeding device, so that the temperature of the seawater entering the device is increased. The condensed vapor in the condensing coil pipe flows into the fresh water storage tank through the fresh water collecting pipe and finally flows out through a fresh water outlet at the lower part of the fresh water outlet tank. In the process, the first low-pressure pump and the second low-pressure pump work to pump out air in the seawater storage tank and the fresh water storage tank in time, so that the interior of the device is kept in a low-pressure state all the time, the boiling temperature of seawater in the solar absorption pipe is reduced, and evaporation of seawater is enhanced.
In the power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device, the outer wall of the focusing solar heat collector is made of a galvanized iron plate with the thickness of 1mm, and the periphery of the focusing solar heat collector is insulated by a polyethylene foam plate with the thickness of 40 mm. Its inner wall diameter is 130mm. A groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of the solar heat collector adopts a single-shaft tracking mechanism, and a condenser is horizontally arranged in the south and north directions in order to obtain larger direct solar radiation total amount. The heat absorbing pipe of the groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector is tubular, and the periphery of the pipe is separated from the external environment by a glass pipe.
In order to reduce the power consumption of the system, the input power of the low-pressure pump is 1500W, and the maximum air flow is 248L/min.
In order to facilitate the condensation of water vapor in the condensing coil and prevent the water vapor from being carried away by the low-pressure pump, the degree of vacuum of the system is not higher as better, so that the degree of vacuum of the system for boiling the seawater at 80-85 ℃ is selected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device uses the low-pressure pump in the system, so that the pressure in the solar absorption pipe is lower than the atmospheric pressure of the environment, the boiling temperature of seawater is reduced, the evaporation of the seawater is enhanced, and the water yield of the device is greatly improved. The water-cooled condenser part preheats the seawater to be entered into the system by the heat condensed by the steam, drives the seawater to further evaporate, makes full use of the latent heat of the steam, greatly improves the energy utilization rate and promotes the seawater desalination efficiency.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination plant
Description of reference numerals: 1. a first low-pressure pump, 2, a first exhaust pipe, 3, a seawater storage tank, 4, a seawater outlet pipe, 5, a circulating pump, 6, an absorption pipe first pipeline, 7, a solar absorption pipe, 8, a focusing solar heat collector, 9, an absorption pipe second pipeline, 10, a water-cooled condenser, 11, a water valve (I), 12, a water valve (II), 13, a low-pressure pump (II), 14, a second exhaust pipe, 15, a fresh water storage tank, 16, a condensing coil, 17, a water valve (III), 18, a cold sea water inlet pipe, 19, a fresh water collecting pipe, 20, a water valve (IV) and 21, a fresh water outlet.
Detailed Description
A focusing solar seawater desalination device with power enhanced evaporation mainly comprises a focusing solar heat collector (8), a solar absorption tube (7), a water-cooled condenser (10), a fresh water storage tank (15), a seawater storage tank (3), a first low-pressure pump (1), a second low-pressure pump (13) and the like. Seawater in the seawater storage tank (3) enters the solar absorption pipe (7) through the first pipeline (6) of the absorption pipe, the temperature is increased to about 80 ℃ by absorbing solar energy, the pressure in the solar absorption pipe (7) is lower than the pressure of the environment due to the action of the first low-pressure pump (1) and the second low-pressure pump (13), and the seawater boils at about 80 ℃. Vapor generated in the solar absorption tube (7) enters the water-cooled condenser (10) along the second pipeline (9) of the absorption tube to exchange heat with the condensing coil (16) to generate condensation, the latent heat of condensation of the vapor preheats cold seawater in the water-cooled condenser (10), and the preheated seawater enters the seawater storage tank (3) through the seawater outlet pipe (4) and the circulating pump (5) to serve as seawater for the feeding device, so that the temperature of the seawater entering the device is increased. The condensed vapor in the condensing coil (16) flows into the fresh water storage tank (15) through the fresh water collecting pipe (19) and finally flows out through the fresh water outlet (21) at the lower part of the fresh water storage tank (15). In the process, the first low-pressure pump (1) and the second low-pressure pump (13) work to timely pump out air in the seawater storage tank (3) and the fresh water storage tank (15), so that the interior of the device is kept in a low-pressure state all the time, the boiling temperature of seawater in the solar absorption pipe (7) is reduced, and evaporation of the seawater is enhanced.
It should be understood that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms and that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, features and principles described in the present patent application are included in the protection scope of the present patent application.
Claims (3)
1. A focusing solar seawater desalination device with power enhanced evaporation mainly comprises a focusing solar heat collector (8), a solar absorption pipe (7), a water-cooled condenser (10), a fresh water storage tank (15), a seawater storage tank (3), a first low-pressure pump (1) and a second low-pressure pump (13); the solar energy absorption pipe (7) is arranged on a focal line of a groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector of the focusing type solar heat collector (8), the left end of the solar energy absorption pipe is connected with the seawater storage tank (3) through the first pipeline (6) of the absorption pipe, seawater enters the solar energy absorption pipe (7) from the seawater storage tank (3) through the first pipeline (6) of the absorption pipe, and the solar energy absorption pipe absorbs solar energy to raise the temperature; the right end of the solar absorption tube (7) is connected with a condensing coil (16) through a second absorption tube pipeline (9), the condensing coil (16) is positioned in a water-cooled condenser (10), the other end of the condensing coil (16) is connected with a fresh water storage tank (15) through a fresh water collecting tube (19), the upper part of the fresh water storage tank (15) is connected with a second low-pressure pump (13) through a second exhaust tube (14), and the lower end of the fresh water storage tank is connected with a fresh water outlet (21); the lower part of the water-cooled condenser (10) is connected with a cold seawater inlet pipe (18), the upper part of the water-cooled condenser is connected with a seawater outlet pipe (4), the other end of the seawater outlet pipe (4) is connected with a seawater storage tank (3), and the upper part of the seawater storage tank (3) is connected with a first low-pressure pump (1) through a first exhaust pipe (2); in order to facilitate the condensation of water vapor in the condensing coil (16) and prevent the water vapor from being taken away by the low-pressure pump I (1) and the low-pressure pump II (13), the higher the vacuum degree of the system is, the better the vacuum degree of the system is, the vacuum degree is controlled in a reasonable and stable range by the low-pressure pump I (1) and the low-pressure pump II (13) which are used, the seawater is boiled at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, the generation rate of water surface steam is stabilized, and the water production rate of a unit area is greatly improved.
2. The focusing solar seawater desalination plant with power enhanced evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the focusing solar heat collector (8) is made of galvanized iron plate with thickness of 1mm, the periphery is insulated by polyethylene foam plate with thickness of 40mm, and the diameter of the inner wall is 130mm; the groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collectors of the focusing solar heat collector (8) adopt single-axis tracking mechanisms, and in order to obtain larger direct solar radiation total amount, the condenser lenses are horizontally arranged in the north and south directions; the heat absorbing pipe of the groove-shaped paraboloid focusing heat collector is tubular, and the periphery of the pipe is separated from the external environment by a glass pipe.
3. The focusing solar seawater desalination plant with power-enhanced evaporation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the input power of the first low-pressure pump (1) and the second low-pressure pump (13) is 1500W, and the maximum air flow is 248L/min, so as to reduce the power consumption of the system.
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| CN202111170499.7A CN113735213B (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device |
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| CN202111170499.7A CN113735213B (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Power-enhanced evaporation focusing solar seawater desalination device |
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| US7041198B2 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2006-05-09 | George Atwell | Distillation system |
| CN201059805Y (en) * | 2006-10-29 | 2008-05-14 | 宗师全 | Parabola concave type groove reflecting mirror focusing solar electric power generation and purifier |
| CN102718274A (en) * | 2012-01-01 | 2012-10-10 | 洛阳维琦太阳能技术有限公司 | Solar seawater distillation desalination device |
| CN205820923U (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-21 | 田海金 | High-efficiency superconducting solar energy sea water desalination apparatus |
| CN206466992U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-09-05 | 天津市太阳神科技有限公司 | Bitter Distallation systm |
| CN109354095A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-19 | 福建工程学院 | Intelligent solar water trichotomy desalination plant |
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