CN113731565A - Squeezing pre-crushing equipment for garbage treatment - Google Patents
Squeezing pre-crushing equipment for garbage treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113731565A CN113731565A CN202110966307.7A CN202110966307A CN113731565A CN 113731565 A CN113731565 A CN 113731565A CN 202110966307 A CN202110966307 A CN 202110966307A CN 113731565 A CN113731565 A CN 113731565A
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- crushing device
- crushing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
- B30B9/06—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams co-operating with permeable casings or strainers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/02—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with reciprocating knives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/02—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with reciprocating knives
- B02C18/04—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses squeezing pre-crushing equipment for municipal garbage treatment, which comprises a squeezing chamber and a material guide belt, wherein an inclined feeding plate is arranged at the discharge end of the material guide belt, a connecting top plate with the same inclination as the feeding plate is arranged above the feeding plate, a pre-cutting device is arranged on the connecting top plate and comprises a blade holder, a blade array and a second cylinder, the blade array is arranged at the bottom of the blade holder and is staggered into a grid shape, the second cylinder is fixed on the connecting top plate, and a piston rod of the second cylinder penetrates through the connecting top plate and then is fixedly connected with the top of the blade holder; a secondary material guiding and crushing device is arranged between the lower part of the tail end of the feeding plate and the discharge port, the secondary material guiding and crushing device comprises a rotating shaft and helical blades arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, a plurality of cutting blades are alternately connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with the output end of a motor; this equipment can carry out twice operation of breaking in advance in earlier stage to rubbish, neither hinders the transportation and can not appear the problem that bulky rubbish blocks broken roller axle again, and treatment effeciency and security all have obvious promotion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to squeezing pre-crushing equipment for garbage treatment.
Background
The annual clearing volume of municipal domestic garbage in China is very large and has a tendency of increasing year by year, and the garbage disposal becomes one of important indexes influencing the appearance and the civilized city construction of the city. The common garbage treatment method mainly comprises landfill, incineration, composting and the like, wherein the incineration is a treatment method which can greatly reduce the volume and can efficiently produce energy, but municipal domestic garbage is complex in components and high in water content, and also comprises materials which cannot be incinerated, and the problem of low combustion efficiency is caused by putting and combusting the materials together.
The prior art also discloses special equipment for municipal refuse treatment, for example, a municipal domestic refuse squeezing, crushing and winnowing device and an operating method thereof disclosed in chinese patent CN 107627654 a, wherein domestic refuse enters a squeezing barrel through a feed port, a squeezing hydraulic cylinder drives a press plate to move downwards to squeeze the refuse in the squeezing barrel and keep for a certain time, liquid in the refuse flows into a liquid storage barrel through the filter plate after being squeezed, the squeezing barrel is pushed to the upper part of the feed hopper after squeezing is completed so that the refuse falls into the feed hopper, a driving motor operates, the refuse is lifted to a feed pipeline under the action of a spiral lifting fin and then is fed into a crushing cavity through the feed pipeline, the crushing hydraulic cylinder drives a crushing roller to reciprocate up and down to press the material between a fixed shaft crushing roller and a movable shaft crushing roller, the fixed shaft crushing roller and the movable shaft crushing roller rotate in opposite directions to crush the material therebetween through impact and extrusion, the material after smashing falls to main ejection of compact pipeline through the bin outlet in, and fan work makes the interior air current that produces the vice ejection of compact pipeline of flow direction of main ejection of compact pipeline, and the rubbish of whereabouts blows the back through the air current, and the less material of proportion is blown into in vice ejection of compact pipeline to fall into vice workbin that gathers materials, the great object of proportion then directly gets into main collection workbin through main ejection of compact pipeline, with this completion breakage and air separation process.
The device can reach better crushing selection by winnowing effect under certain condition, but has several obvious problems when in actual use: 1) firstly, when the pressing plate is used for pressing garbage, leachate can only be discharged from the bottom filter plate, the leachate needs to seep downwards in a process, particularly, the leachate in the garbage above needs to penetrate through the whole garbage layer when reaching the bottom, the pressing process is long in time consumption, and the pressing effect needs to be improved; 2) the whole squeezed garbage is compressed and fastened into a massive shape and is directly guided into a feed hopper, and when the garbage is lifted and transported by using lifting fins, the lifting fins can be clamped, so that the equipment is shut down; 3) the rubbish piece that gets into in broken cavity is because not having through cutting preliminary treatment procedure, in case when wherein containing bulky rubbish piece, it is great directly to fall gravity impact on the crushing roller, probably can cause equipment trouble, and though design adjustable moving axis crushing roller in this file, nevertheless rubbish size is unpredictable in the input rubbish, if the too big crushing of being unfavorable for of distance between two rollers, the distance undersize will be blocked by big rubbish between two rollers, whole accommodation process is more passive, it is not high to adjust efficiency.
In order to solve the third problem, the municipal domestic waste squeezing, crushing and winnowing system disclosed in the chinese patent CN 103551234B provides a solution, wherein the left side wall surface and the right side wall surface of the crushing bin are swingable wall surfaces with certain weights, and are respectively provided with an emergency brake switch; spring protection devices are respectively arranged between the central shaft of the slow rotating knife and the left side wall surface of the crushing bin and between the central shaft of the fast rotating knife and the right side wall surface of the crushing bin. Under normal conditions, the left side wall surface and the right side wall surface of the crushing bin are in a vertical state, when relatively large substances and partial uncrushed substances are clamped between the left side wall surface and the slow-speed rotating knife, the left side wall surface swings to the left side from the vertical position, and an emergency brake switch is triggered to perform shutdown protection; when relatively large substances and part of uncrushed substances are clamped between the two rotary cutters, the two rotary cutters respectively push against the left wall surface and the right wall surface, the left wall surface swings leftwards, the right wall surface swings rightwards, and the emergency brake switch is touched to perform shutdown protection; when relatively large substances and part of uncrushed substances are clamped between the right side wall surface and the quick rotating knife, the right side wall surface swings to the right side from the vertical position, and the emergency brake switch is triggered to perform shutdown protection. Although this scheme can solve the problem that bulky rubbish influences crushing process to a certain extent, the condition that frequently shuts down can appear in the use, is unfavorable for the promotion of treatment effeciency, and this scheme need carry out whole transformation to broken winnowing equipment, and the transformation cost is than higher.
Therefore, there is a need to design an efficient crushing device for municipal waste treatment to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide squeezing pre-crushing equipment for garbage treatment, which can perform two pre-crushing operations on garbage at the early stage, does not obstruct transportation, does not cause the problem that a crushing roller shaft is blocked by large-volume garbage, and obviously improves the treatment efficiency and the safety.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the squeezing pre-crushing equipment for municipal garbage treatment comprises a squeezing chamber and a material guide belt, wherein a pressing plate is arranged at the top of the squeezing chamber, the top of the pressing plate is connected with a piston rod of a first air cylinder, a feeding box communicated with the inside of the squeezing chamber is arranged on the side wall of the squeezing chamber, an openable bearing structure is arranged at the bottom of the squeezing chamber, and the material guide belt is arranged below the squeezing chamber and rotates clockwise; an inclined feeding plate is arranged at the discharge end of the material guide belt, a connecting top plate with the same inclination as the inclined feeding plate is arranged above the feeding plate, a pre-cutting device is arranged on the connecting top plate and comprises a blade frame, blade arrays and second cylinders, the blade arrays are arranged at the bottom of the blade frame and are staggered into a grid shape, the second cylinders are fixed on the connecting top plate, and piston rods of the second cylinders penetrate through the connecting top plate and are fixedly connected with the top of the blade frame; and a secondary material guide crushing device is arranged between the lower part of the tail end of the feeding plate and the discharge port, the secondary material guide crushing device comprises a rotating shaft and helical blades arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, a plurality of cutting blades are connected on the rotating shaft in a staggered mode, and the rotating shaft is connected with the output end of a motor.
Furthermore, a plurality of fixed pressing plates which are arranged at intervals are arranged among grids formed by the blade arrays on the pre-cutting device, the tops of the fixed pressing plates are connected with connecting rods, and the tops of the connecting rods are fixedly connected with the top surface of the connecting top plate through triangular connecting blocks after penetrating through the connecting top plate.
Further, bearing structure includes first bottom plate, second bottom plate and thrustor, forms complete bearing board after first bottom plate and the concatenation of second bottom plate, the outside limit of first bottom plate and second bottom plate all with press room side rotatable coupling, be equipped with a thrustor respectively in the bottom of first bottom plate and second bottom plate, first bottom plate and second bottom plate are inside hollow plate body and all are equipped with first drainage board on the top surface, first bottom plate and second bottom plate bottom are equipped with the outlet, the outlet passes through the hose and is connected with outside liquid collecting box.
Furthermore, a second water filtering plate communicated with a liquid storage tank at the bottom of the shell is arranged on the top surface of the feeding plate, and the liquid storage tank is connected with an external liquid collecting box through a pipeline.
Furthermore, a third water filtering plate is arranged on a panel below the secondary material guide crushing device and communicated with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is connected with an external liquid collecting box through a pipeline.
Furthermore, the pushing device comprises a support, an electric push rod and a push rod shaft, the support is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the electric push rod is connected with the support, one end of the push rod shaft is connected to the bottom surface of the bottom plate on the corresponding side, and the other end of the push rod shaft is connected with the electric push rod.
Furthermore, a spring is arranged on the push rod shaft, one end of the spring is connected with the bottom surface of the bottom plate on the corresponding side, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the electric push rod, and a flexible cover is arranged outside the pushing device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the large garbage block pre-crushing device, the large garbage blocks which are squeezed and dehydrated and then are agglomerated together can be subjected to initial cutting through the pre-cutting device, the large garbage blocks which are subjected to the initial cutting are dispersed, the situation that equipment is directly stopped due to large size or large gravity impact when the large garbage blocks are directly conveyed into a material guide roller or a crushing and winnowing device can be avoided, the large garbage in the garbage blocks can be pre-crushed, and the situation that the large garbage blocks are clamped between crushing rollers to influence crushing in the crushing process can be prevented;
2. the flow of the pre-cutting process can be enhanced by designing the fixed pressing plate, and the situation that the cut garbage blocks rise synchronously along with the blade array to influence the cutting and conveying of the subsequent garbage is avoided;
3. according to the garbage treatment device, the cutting blades are arranged on the secondary guide crushing device, so that the small-volume garbage blocks pre-cut in the early stage can be subjected to secondary cutting and pre-crushing, the interference of large-volume garbage which is subjected to further miniaturization treatment and sent into the crushing winnowing equipment to the crushing roller is further reduced, the overall smoothness of garbage treatment can be improved by matching with the pre-cutting device, the winnowing equipment does not need to be processed and modified, and the cost input can be effectively reduced;
4. the room of squeezing disclosed in this application can squeeze the dehydration from the multiaspect to rubbish, and the filtration liquid of squeezing out can be discharged from a plurality of channels fast, has not only guaranteed to squeeze the effect and can also show and promote and squeeze efficiency, saves the processing time of whole operation flow, increases the refuse handling capacity, has great economic benefits and social.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing pre-crushing device for municipal waste treatment according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the pre-cutting device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the cartridge;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing pre-crushing device for municipal waste treatment according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between the first platen and the movable platen in the second embodiment;
the device comprises a shell, a squeezing chamber, a guide belt, a pre-cutting device, a secondary guide crushing device, a feeding plate, a second water filtering plate, a liquid storage tank, a connecting top plate and a crushing winnowing device, wherein the shell is 1, the squeezing chamber is 2, the guide belt is 3, the pre-cutting device is 4, the secondary guide crushing device is 5, the feeding plate is 6, the second water filtering plate is 7, the liquid storage tank is 8, the connecting top plate is 9, and the crushing winnowing device is 10;
21-a pressing plate, 22-a first cylinder, 23-a feeding box, 24-a first bottom plate, 25-a second bottom plate, 26-a pushing device, 27-a first water filtering plate and 28-a hose;
261-support, 262-electric push rod, 263-push rod shaft, 264-spring and 265-flexible cover;
41-blade frame, 42-blade array, 43-second cylinder, 44-fixed pressing plate, 45-connecting rod and 46-triangular connecting block;
51-rotating shaft, 52-helical blade, 53-cutting blade, 54-motor, 55-third water filtering plate and 56-discharge hole;
2-1 parts of left extrusion plate, 2-2 parts of right extrusion plate, 2-3 parts of discharge hole, 2-4 parts of percolation hole, 2-5 parts of third cylinder, 2-6 parts of first pressing plate, 2-7 parts of fourth cylinder, 2-8 parts of fifth cylinder, 2-9 parts of movable pressing plate, 2-10 parts of height sensor, 2-11 parts of liquid guide-out plate, 2-12 parts of fourth water filtering plate, 2-13 parts of opening and closing panel, 2-14 parts of pushing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
In order to solve the problem that municipal refuse treatment equipment among the prior art squeezes crushing efficiency low in earlier stage, disclose a squeeze crushing equipment in advance for municipal refuse treatment in this embodiment, mainly used carries out preliminary treatment work in earlier stage to rubbish before throwing into broken air separator at rubbish.
The equipment comprises a squeezing chamber 2, a material guide belt 3, a pre-cutting device 4 and a secondary material guide crushing device 5 which are sequentially connected and arranged in a shell 1;
the top of the pressing chamber 2 is provided with a pressing plate 21, the top of the pressing plate 21 is connected with a piston rod of a first cylinder 22, the first cylinder 22 is fixed on the top surface of the shell 1, a feeding box 23 communicated with the interior of the squeezing chamber 2 is arranged on the side wall of the squeezing chamber 2, the bottom of the squeezing chamber 2 is of a supporting structure which can be opened and closed, the bearing structure comprises a first bottom plate 24, a second bottom plate 25 and a pushing device 26, wherein the first bottom plate 24 and the second bottom plate 25 are spliced to form a complete bearing plate, the outer side edges of the first bottom plate 24 and the second bottom plate 25 are hinged with the side edge of the squeezing chamber 2, the bottom of the first bottom plate 24 and the bottom of the second bottom plate 25 are respectively provided with a pushing device 26 for opening and closing the bottom plates, the first bottom plate 24 and the second bottom plate 25 are both hollow plates, the top surfaces of the first bottom plate 24 and the second bottom plate 25 are both provided with a first water filtering plate 27, and the bottom of the first bottom plate 24 and the bottom of the second bottom plate 25 are provided with water outlets which are connected with an external liquid collecting tank through hoses 28.
The pushing device 26 comprises a support 261, an electric push rod 262 and a push rod shaft 263, wherein the support 261 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1, the electric push rod 262 is connected with the support 261, one end of the push rod shaft 263 is connected with the bottom surface of the bottom plate on one corresponding side, the other end of the push rod shaft 263 is connected with the electric push rod 262, a spring 264 is arranged on the push rod shaft 263, one end of the spring 264 is connected with the bottom surface of the bottom plate on one corresponding side, the other end of the spring 264 is fixedly connected with the electric push rod 262, and a flexible cover 265 is arranged outside the pushing device 26.
A material guide belt 3 is arranged at the bottom of the pressing chamber 2, and the material guide belt 3 rotates clockwise to convey the garbage on the material guide belt towards the pre-cutting device 4.
Guide to take 3 and secondary guide breaker 5 between connect with the feed plate 6 of slope, 6 top surfaces of feed plate are equipped with second water strainer 7, and second water strainer 7 communicates with the liquid reserve tank 8 of 1 bottom of casing, and liquid reserve tank 8 passes through the pipeline to be connected with outside liquid collecting box, is equipped with the connection roof 9 that the inclination is the same with it above feed plate 6, and precutting device 4 fixes on connecting roof 9, precutting device 4 includes blade frame 41, and blade array 42 and second cylinder 43 are equipped with crisscross blade array 42 that is the check form in blade frame 41 bottom, and second cylinder 43 fixes on connecting roof 9, and the piston rod of second cylinder 43 passes behind the connection roof 9 with blade frame 41 top fixed connection.
The pre-cutting device 4 can be used for cutting the large garbage blocks which are conveyed to the lower part of the pre-cutting device and are formed by squeezing, the large garbage blocks after being processed can be separated into rectangular bodies with relatively small volumes, the pre-cutting device 4 is lifted to return so as to possibly drive the garbage blocks to ascend synchronously in the next cutting process, thus adverse effects can be caused on the whole processing flow, in order to avoid the occurrence of the condition, a plurality of fixed pressing plates 44 which are distributed at intervals are arranged among grids formed by blade arrays on the pre-cutting device 4, the top of each fixed pressing plate 44 is connected with a connecting rod 45, and the top of each connecting rod 45 is fixedly connected with the connecting top plate 9 through a triangular connecting block 46 after penetrating through the connecting top plate 9.
After the fixed pressing plate 44 is arranged, the fixed pressing plate 44 can abut against the top surface of the garbage block to prevent the garbage block from being synchronously lifted along with the pre-cutting device 4 in the lifting and resetting process of the pre-cutting device 4, and the smooth and orderly proceeding of the processing work is ensured.
The garbage after being processed by cutting is dropped into the section of the secondary material guiding and crushing device 5 in sequence, the secondary material guiding and crushing device 5 comprises a rotating shaft 51 and a helical blade 52 arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 51, a plurality of cutting blades 53 are connected on the rotating shaft 51 in a staggered manner, the rotating shaft 51 is connected with the output end of a motor 54, a third water filtering plate 55 is arranged on a panel below the secondary material guiding and crushing device 5, the third water filtering plate 55 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 8, a discharge hole 56 is arranged at the bottom of the right side of the secondary material guiding and crushing device 5, and the garbage dropping from the discharge hole 56 is conveyed to a conventional crushing and winnowing device 10 through a secondary conveyor belt for corresponding processing, wherein the crushing and winnowing device is conventional equipment, and the structure of the crushing and winnowing device is not excessively stated.
The specific operation process of the device is as follows:
after the garbage enters the squeezing chamber 2 from the feeding box 23, the first cylinder 22 is started, the pressing plate 21 presses the garbage downwards, the squeezed percolate flows to the liquid collecting box through the first water filtering plates 27 on the first base plate 24 and the second base plate 25 finally, after a period of time, squeezing is finished, the pressing plate 21 resets, the pushing device 26 is started to enable the first base plate 24 and the second base plate 25 to rotate downwards and open, the dewatered large garbage blocks on the bearing plate fall onto the material guiding belt 3 to be conveyed rightwards, when the garbage blocks fall onto the feeding plate 6, the garbage blocks can continue to move rightwards and downwards by means of gravity or extrusion pushing of subsequent garbage blocks, in the process, the second cylinder 43 which is continuously operated continuously drives the pre-cutting device 4 to move upwards and downwards continuously, the garbage blocks are cut into small blocks by the blade array 42 under the action of the blade array 42, and some garbage with larger volume in the large garbage blocks can be primarily cut, the rubbish fragment that has cut drops to secondary guide breaker 5 left side, along with the rotation of pivot 51, transmits right under helical blade 52's effect, and in transmission process, pivoted cutting blade 53 can cut the rubbish in the transmission once more, through two rounds of cutting operations, and the rubbish that finally drops to breaker not only presents the state that the fritter is easily handled, and bulky rubbish has all passed through the precomminution moreover, has reduced the possibility that breaker blocked.
Example two
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in, further improve the structure of squeezing the room, mainly in order to accelerate to squeeze out the water process, improve the efficiency that the leachate drew out, and then promote the efficiency of whole processing procedure.
Specifically, a left extrusion plate 2-1 and a right extrusion plate 2-2 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of a squeezing chamber 2, a feeding box is arranged on the right side of the squeezing chamber 2, a discharge hole 2-3 of the feeding box is flush with the inner side surface of the right extrusion plate 2-2 in the plumb direction, a plurality of percolation holes 2-4 which penetrate through the two side surfaces of the left extrusion plate 2-1 and the right extrusion plate 2-2 and incline from inside to outside are respectively arranged on the left extrusion plate 2-1 and the right extrusion plate 2-2, a screen plate is arranged at the water inlet at the inner side of the percolation holes 2-4, the right extrusion plate 2-2 is fixed on a shell 1 through a top sealing plate, the left side of the left extrusion plate 2-1 is fixedly connected with a piston rod of a third cylinder 2-5, a first pressing plate 2-6 is closely adjacent to the inner side surface of the left extrusion plate 2-1, the top of the first pressing plate 2-6 is connected with a piston rod of a fourth cylinder 2-7 through a pressing rod, the fourth cylinder 2-7 is fixed on an L-shaped bracket at the top of the left extrusion plate 2-1, a connecting plate is arranged at the top of the first pressing plate 2-6, a fifth cylinder 2-8 is arranged on the connecting plate, a piston rod of the fifth cylinder 2-8 is fixedly connected with a movable pressing plate 2-9, the bottom surface of the movable pressing plate 2-9 is designed to be attached to the top surface of the first pressing plate 2-6, the distance between the left side surface of the first pressing plate 2-6 and the inner side surface of the left extrusion plate 2-1 and the distance between the right side surface of the movable pressing plate 2-9 and the inner side surface of the right extrusion plate 2-2 in the plumb direction are both less than 0.3cm, this distance does not interfere with the downward movement of the first and movable platens 2-6 and 2-9 nor does it cause excessive problems with the refuse bouncing up the gap, which is a fluid substance that due to gravity will rapidly settle and seep out in a short time. In order to further avoid the garbage from leaping up, the bristles can be arranged at the gaps, so that the bristles do not hinder the movement of the pressing plate and can also play a role in preventing the garbage from leaping up.
And a height sensor 2-10 is arranged on the inner side surface of the left extrusion plate 2-1 and the inner side surface of the right extrusion plate 2-2 and is positioned at the same height position.
A liquid guide plate 2-11 is respectively arranged below the left extrusion plate 2-1 and the right extrusion plate 2-2, the liquid guide plate 2-11 is step-shaped, the outer step of the liquid guide plate 2-11 is inclined from inside to outside, the top surface of the outer step and the inner side surface of the liquid guide plate 2-11 are respectively provided with a fourth water filtering plate 2-12, the liquid guide plate 2-11 is hollow inside and is communicated with a liquid collecting box through a pipeline, and in an initial state, the inner side surfaces of the left extrusion plate 2-1 and the right extrusion plate 2-2 are respectively flush with the inner side surface of the liquid guide plate 2-11 on the corresponding side.
An opening and closing panel 2-13 is arranged below the liquid guide-out plate 2-11, the opening and closing panel 2-13 is rotatably hinged with the liquid guide-out plate 2-11 on the right side, a pusher 2-14 is arranged at the bottom of the opening and closing panel 2-13, the structure of the pusher 2-14 is the same as that of the pusher 26 in the first embodiment, the pusher is mainly used for opening and closing the opening and closing panel 2-13, and the specific structural design is not repeated.
The electric elements involved in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are controlled by the main controller to be turned on and off and connected with each process, and automatic operation can be realized.
The operation of the pressing chamber is as follows:
firstly, garbage is conveyed into a position between two extrusion plates in a squeezing chamber 2 from a feeding box, feeding is stopped when the height of the garbage reaches the position of a height sensor 2-10, then a fourth air cylinder 2-7 is started to enable a first pressing plate 2-6 and a movable pressing plate 2-9 to move downwards to squeeze the garbage, percolate in the garbage rapidly seeps and is collected from a seepage hole 2-4 on the extrusion plate and a fourth water filtering plate 2-12 on a liquid guide plate 2-11, after the initial squeezing is carried out for a short time, the fourth air cylinder 2-7 is controlled to enable the first pressing plate 2-6 and the movable pressing plate 2-9 to ascend, a third air cylinder 2-5 is started to drive a left extrusion plate 2-1 to move rightwards for a certain distance, and meanwhile, a fifth air cylinder 2-8 is controlled to synchronously drive the movable pressing plate 2-9 to contract leftwards for the same distance, in the process, garbage can move upwards due to the fact that a compression space is reduced, when the garbage reaches the position of the height sensor 2-10, the sensor sends a signal, the third air cylinder 2-5 stops moving, at the moment, the fourth air cylinder 2-7 is controlled again to drive the first pressing plate 2-6 to press downwards, so that second-order pressing can be formed on the garbage, the left pressing plate 2-1 presses rightwards to ensure that the garbage between the pressing plates is always kept on a higher height level, the percolate is conveniently discharged outwards from more percolation holes, multi-order pressing can be achieved by repeating the process, the process needs to be matched with the air cylinders through the regulation and control of the main controller, the percolate can be quickly seeped out from a plurality of channels in the pressing process, the pressing efficiency is obviously improved, and after pressing is finished, the pushing device 2-14 is started to drive the opening and closing panel 2-13 to open downwards in the lateral direction, the pressed refuse pieces fall onto the guide belt 3, and the subsequent process is the same as in the first embodiment.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A squeezing pre-crushing device for municipal refuse treatment comprises a squeezing chamber and a material guide belt, wherein the top of the squeezing chamber is provided with a pressing plate, the top of the pressing plate is connected with a piston rod of a first air cylinder, the side wall of the squeezing chamber is provided with a feeding box communicated with the inside of the squeezing chamber, the bottom of the squeezing chamber is provided with an openable bearing structure, the material guide belt is arranged below the squeezing chamber and rotates clockwise, the squeezing pre-crushing device is characterized in that,
an inclined feeding plate is arranged at the discharge end of the material guide belt, a connecting top plate with the same inclination as the inclined feeding plate is arranged above the feeding plate, a pre-cutting device is arranged on the connecting top plate and comprises a blade frame, blade arrays and second cylinders, the blade arrays are arranged at the bottom of the blade frame and are staggered into a grid shape, the second cylinders are fixed on the connecting top plate, and piston rods of the second cylinders penetrate through the connecting top plate and are fixedly connected with the top of the blade frame;
and a secondary material guide crushing device is arranged between the lower part of the tail end of the feeding plate and the discharge port, the secondary material guide crushing device comprises a rotating shaft and helical blades arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft, a plurality of cutting blades are connected on the rotating shaft in a staggered mode, and the rotating shaft is connected with the output end of a motor.
2. The squeezing pre-crushing device for municipal waste treatment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of fixed pressing plates are arranged at intervals among the lattices formed by the blade arrays on the pre-cutting device, the tops of the fixed pressing plates are connected with connecting rods, and the tops of the connecting rods are fixedly connected with the top surface of the connecting top plate through triangular connecting blocks after penetrating through the connecting top plate.
3. The squeezing pre-crushing device for municipal refuse treatment according to claim 1, wherein the bearing structure comprises a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate and a pushing device, the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are spliced to form a complete bearing plate, the outer side edges of the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are rotatably connected with the side edge of the squeezing chamber, the pushing device is arranged at the bottom of each of the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are both hollow plates, the top surface of each of the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate is provided with a first water filtering plate, and the bottom of each of the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate is provided with a water outlet which is connected with an external liquid collecting box through a hose.
4. The crushing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a second water filter plate is provided on the top of the feed plate and communicates with a liquid storage tank at the bottom of the housing, the liquid storage tank being connected to an external liquid collection tank via a pipe.
5. The squeezing pre-crushing device for municipal refuse treatment according to claim 1, wherein a third water filtering plate is provided on the panel below the secondary material guide crushing device, the third water filtering plate is communicated with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is connected with an external liquid collection tank through a pipeline.
6. The squeezing pre-crushing device for municipal waste treatment according to claim 3, wherein the pushing means comprises a support, an electric push rod and a push rod shaft, the support is arranged on the inner wall of the housing, the electric push rod is connected with the support, one end of the push rod shaft is connected with the bottom surface of the bottom plate on the corresponding side, and the other end of the push rod shaft is connected with the electric push rod.
7. The squeezing pre-crushing device for municipal refuse treatment according to claim 6, wherein a spring is provided on the pusher shaft, one end of the spring is connected to the bottom surface of the bottom plate on the corresponding side, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the electric pusher, and a flexible cover is provided outside the pusher.
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| CN202110966307.7A CN113731565B (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2021-08-23 | Squeezing pre-crushing equipment for garbage treatment |
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| CN113731565B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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