CN113731098A - Environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system and process flow for fireflooding tail gas - Google Patents
Environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system and process flow for fireflooding tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire flooding tail gas environment-friendly recycling treatment system and a process flow, relates to the technical field of petroleum exploitation tail gas treatment, and mainly comprises two process flows of dry desulfurization and pressure swing adsorption. The dry desulfurization process mainly comprises a horizontal separation buffer tank, an air cooler, a gas-water separator and a desulfurization tower. The pressure swing adsorption process mainly comprises a gas-water separator, a dehydrator, an adsorption tower, a vacuum pump, a dehydrator regeneration fan, an electric heater and an air cooler. The invention adopts dry desulphurization, meets the requirement of environmental protection, and adopts pressure swing adsorption to concentrate the methane concentration in the fireflood tail gas. After the fireflood tail gas is treated by the system, the concentration of methane can reach more than 50%, the quality requirement of gas for combustion of gas equipment can be met, and the resource recycling of volatile organic waste gas is realized. The system has the advantages of simple process, high automation degree, low operation energy consumption, large operation elasticity, long service life of the adsorbent and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for popularization and application of resource recovery treatment of petroleum tail gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploitation tail gas treatment, in particular to a fire flooding tail gas environment-friendly recycling treatment system and a process flow.
Background
In some places, the fireflood tail gas is directly exhausted after being desulfurized by a dry method, so that non-methane total hydrocarbons in the tail gas directly enter the atmosphere, and the exhausted amount exceeds the emission limit value of atmospheric pollutants, thereby causing environmental pollution. At the same time, CH4The direct emission of gas causes a great deal of non-renewable energy waste, and increases the greenhouse gas effect.
In other places, the fireflood tail gas is desulfurized by adopting a dry method and then is directly mixed into a self-gas pipe network for equipment such as a heating furnace, a steam boiler and the like in a block. However, because the output of the fireflood tail gas is high, the concentration of the mixed gas CH4 is low, stable combustion conditions cannot be achieved, and the gas consumption requirements of equipment such as a heating furnace, a boiler and the like cannot be met.
According to the analysis of the components of the fireflood tail gas, the fireflood tail gas contains N2、CH4、CO2、O2、H2S, non-methane total hydrocarbon and other media, firstly, adopting dry desulphurization to remove H2S in the tail gas, and then utilizing pressure swing adsorption to remove CO in the desulfurized tail gas2、CH4And non-methane total hydrocarbon gas is separated, purified and purified to obtain rich CH4Gas, rich in CH4The gas is used as fuel gas to be supplied to a heating furnace or the like. The method is adopted to treat the fireflood tail gas, not only is the environmental protection problem solved, but also CH is recovered4And the like, and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
For example, application number is 2013206355431 an oil field fireflood tail gas treatment facility, including the buffer tank, a compressor, the preliminary treatment jar, one section pressure swing adsorption tower, two sections pressure swing adsorption towers, and vacuum pump, wherein, fireflood tail gas gets into in the buffer tank, the buffer tank gas outlet is connected with the compressor, the gas outlet and the preliminary treatment jar of compressor are connected, the gas outlet and the air inlet of one section pressure swing adsorption tower of preliminary treatment jar are connected, the gas outlet and the two sections pressure swing adsorption tower of one section pressure swing adsorption tower are connected, the gas outlet department of two sections pressure swing adsorption towers is connected with the vacuum pump. This patent is not handled the steam in the tail gas, can cause the corruption of pipeline, and the later stage can lead to the fact certain trouble to the maintenance, and steam still can lead to the fact certain influence to the adsorption energy of adsorption tower, can appear the phenomenon of quick inefficacy, and the change cycle can be short, and this patent later maintenance change frequency is high, can not incessant processing moreover, must park the change, can cause certain loss like this.
Therefore, the technical personnel of my department design an environment-friendly resourceful treatment system for fireflood tail gas to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly resourceful treatment system for fireflood tail gas, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a fireflood tail gas environmental protection resourceful treatment system, includes horizontal separation buffer tank, and horizontal separation buffer tank connects gradually air cooler A, catch water A and desulfurizing tower device through the pipeline, desulfurizing tower device exit end has connected gradually catch water B, dehydrator and adsorption tower through the pipeline, the dehydrator upper end is connected with electric heater and dehydrator regeneration fan through the pipeline, the dehydrator lower extreme passes through the pipeline and is connected with air cooler and catch water, the adsorption tower has the vacuum pump through the pipe connection.
Further: the desulfurization tower device consists of three dry desulfurization towers which are connected in series, and the adsorbent is ferric oxide.
Further: the two water removers are arranged and work alternately, and the water remover adopts aluminum oxide.
Further: the number of the adsorption towers is eight, the connection mode is parallel connection, and two towers are always in a working state.
Further: the vacuum pump is a double-pump configuration and is used for one standby.
The process flow is as follows:
the first step is as follows: performing oil-gas-water separation on the fireflood tail gas through a horizontal separation buffer tank;
the second step is that: then cooling the mixture by an air cooler A;
the third step: then enters a gas-water separator A for gas-water separation;
the fourth step: then entering a desulfurizing tower for desulfurization treatment;
the fifth step: after the fireflood tail gas is desulfurized, the fireflood tail gas firstly enters a gas-water separator B for gas-water separation;
and a sixth step: then enters a dehydrator to further remove water molecules in the tail gas;
the seventh step: the fire flooding tail gas enters an adsorption tower after water removal, wherein CH4Etc. ofIs absorbed by an absorption tower;
eighth step: the desorption is carried out by a vacuum pump in a vacuum way, and the whole process is finished.
Adopts dry desulfurization, uses ferric oxide as solid adsorbent and adopts the working principle of ferric oxide and H2The S reaction produces iron sulfide and water to remove H2S. The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
Fe2O3•H2O+3H2S=Fe2S3•H2O+3H2o +5.2 kcal
The dry desulfurization process is simple, convenient to operate and maintain, low in investment and suitable for the working condition with low sulfur content. No pressure requirement is required. The desulfurizer needs to be replaced regularly, and the used desulfurizer is recycled and used as a production raw material of a sulfuric acid plant, so that the environmental protection requirement is met.
1. The dry desulfurization has the advantages of simple process, convenience, flexibility, convenient implementation and low one-time investment.
2. High desulfurizing precision by dry method and high desulfurizing effect2The S content is less than 10mg/m 3.
3. The dry desulfurization is convenient to operate, and the desulfurization devices are only a plurality of fixed desulfurization towers, so that additional operators are not required. Meanwhile, the single-tower or double-tower desulfurizing agent can be replaced in sequence after the desulfurizing agent is saturated, so that the desulfurization is realized without stopping production.
4. Dry desulfurization without secondary pollution, H2The S-saturated waste desulfurizer is recycled by a desulfurizer manufacturer for harmless treatment, or is used as a production raw material of a sulfuric acid plant after being recycled, so that new environmental hazards are avoided.
5. And a pressurization system is not needed in the dry desulfurization, so that the investment is reduced.
Three desulfurizing towers are arranged, and a three-tower series desulfurizing process is adopted. The characteristics are as follows:
1. the normal desulfurization process is as follows:
fireflood tail gas → 1# desulfurizing tower → 2# desulfurizing tower → 3# desulfurizing tower → next step.
2. Operating the flow after material changing:
1) after the 1# desulfurizing tower is reloaded
Fireflood tail gas → 2# desulfurizing tower → 3# desulfurizing tower → 1# desulfurizing tower → next step.
2) After 2# desulfurizing tower reloads
Fireflood tail gas → 3# desulfurizing tower → 1# desulfurizing tower → 2# desulfurizing tower → next step.
3) After 3# desulfurizing tower reloads
Fireflood tail gas → 1# desulfurizing tower → 2# desulfurizing tower → 3# desulfurizing tower → next step.
3. Single equipment overhaul or reloading flow:
when a single device is overhauled or reloaded, tail gas enters the system from a desulfurizing tower behind the overhauling tower, and two devices are used for desulfurizing.
The waste desulfurizer saturated by hydrogen sulfide is periodically recycled by a desulfurizer manufacturer for harmless treatment. Or recovered and used as raw material for sulfuric acid plant to produce sulfuric acid.
The content of hydrogen sulfide in the desulfurized tail gas is less than or equal to 10mg/m3。
Pressure swing adsorption is the separation of different gases by the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent. The adsorption amount, the adsorption speed, the adsorption force and the like of different gases on the same adsorbent are different. Meanwhile, the adsorption quantity of the adsorbent is continuously changed along with the change of pressure, the adsorption and separation of the mixed gas are completed during pressurization, and the adsorbent is regenerated during depressurization, so that the purposes of gas separation and cyclic utilization of the adsorbent are realized.
The pressure swing adsorption process is simple, the device can realize automatic management control, and the operation is convenient.
The device has large operation flexibility and can adapt to the working conditions of large raw material gas quantity and component fluctuation.
The adsorbent has long service life and the replacement period can reach more than 10 years.
The device has low energy consumption during operation.
The pressure swing adsorption process is suitable for the process requirement of methane concentration of the fire flooding tail gas in the project.
And the fireflood tail gas enters a pressure swing adsorption separation device after being subjected to desulfurization treatment. The pressure of tail gas entering the station is 0.05MPa, and a micro-positive pressure swing adsorption process is adopted according to the pressure of the incoming gas.
The micro-positive pressure swing adsorption process comprises the following steps: the low-pressure adsorbent is adopted in the adsorption process, the adsorption operation can be carried out under 50kPa, and the tail gas does not need to be pressurized.
The pressure of tail gas entering station is 0.05MPa, the water in the tail gas is removed by a dehydrator, and the tail gas enters a pressure swing adsorption denitrification device to concentrate methane and N2And (5) emptying. The concentrated methane-rich gas is pressurized to 0.35MPa by a compressor and is output.
And after the tail gas is subjected to desulfurization treatment, the tail gas enters the dehydrator from the bottom of the dehydrator, and the moisture in the tail gas is removed under the action of the dehydrator. The dehydrator adopts alumina, 2 sets of dehydrator are totally arranged, and in the production process, 2 dehydrators work alternately. When one dehydrator is in a working state, the other dehydrator is regenerated, and the two dehydrators are alternately used.
And (4) introducing the dewatered tail gas into a pressure swing adsorption denitrification unit.
Pressure swing adsorption denitrification adopts 8-tower operation, namely the unit consists of 8 adsorption towers, wherein two adsorption towers are always in a feeding adsorption state, and the whole process comprises the steps of adsorption, pressure equalizing and reducing, vacuumizing, pressure equalizing and increasing, final increasing and the like.
The tail gas enters a pressure swing adsorption denitrification unit after being dewatered, enters an adsorption tower in an adsorption state from the bottom of the tower, and H in the tail gas is selectively adsorbed by an adsorbent2O、CO2、C2+、CH4Etc. are adsorbed, and N is not adsorbed2Discharging from the tower top, and directly emptying. When the front edge of a mass transfer area (called as adsorption front edge) for adsorbing impurities in the adsorption tower reaches a certain position of the outlet of the bed layer, the adsorption is stopped, and the regeneration process is switched.
After the adsorption process is finished, in order to improve the concentration and yield of the product methane, the gas with higher pressure in the tower is put into other adsorption towers with lower pressure, and the regeneration of the gas is completed. The process is not only a pressure reduction process, but also a process for recovering methane in the dead space of the bed.
After the pressure equalization is finished, in order to thoroughly regenerate the adsorbent and obtain the product, the adsorption bed layer is vacuumized by a vacuum pump against the adsorption direction, and the rich CH is obtained4The gas is separated out and entersRich in CH4A gas pressurizing unit.
After the vacuumizing process is finished, the adsorption tower is sequentially pressurized by using higher-pressure gas from other adsorption towers, and the process corresponds to a pressure equalizing and reducing process.
After the pressure equalizing and boosting process is completed, in order to smoothly switch the adsorption tower to the next adsorption and ensure that the product purity does not fluctuate in the process, the pressure of the adsorption tower needs to be slowly and smoothly raised to the adsorption pressure by the tower top N2-rich gas through the pressure boosting regulating valve.
After the process, the adsorption tower completes a complete 'adsorption-regeneration' cycle and is ready for the next adsorption.
After the tail gas is denitrified by pressure swing adsorption, the generated rich CH4The gas enters a compressor for pressurization, and enters an external gas transmission pipe network after the pressure is increased to 0.35MPa, so as to be used as fuel gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the dry desulfurization process is simple, convenient to operate and maintain, low in investment and suitable for the working condition with low sulfur content. No pressure requirement is required. The desulfurizer needs to be replaced regularly, and the used desulfurizer is recycled and used as a production raw material of a sulfuric acid plant, so that the environmental protection requirement is met. When a single device is overhauled or replaced (maintenance is convenient), tail gas enters the system from a desulfurizing tower behind the overhauling tower, and two devices are used for desulfurizing. The pressure swing adsorption process is simple, the device can realize automatic management control, and the operation is convenient. The device has large operation flexibility and can adapt to the working conditions of large raw material gas quantity and component fluctuation. The adsorbent has long service life, the replacement period can reach more than 10 years, the device has low energy consumption in operation and is convenient to maintain, tail gas can be uninterruptedly treated, the system is suitable for long-term use in petroleum tail gas treatment, and after the fireflood tail gas is treated by the system, the methane concentration of the fireflood tail gas can reach more than 50%, so that the quality requirement of gas for combustion of gas equipment can be met, the resource recycling of volatile organic waste gas is realized, and the system is very suitable for popularization and use in petroleum tail gas resource recycling treatment. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. Horizontal separation buffer tank, 2, air coolers A, 3, steam-water separators A, 4, a desulfurizing tower device, 5, steam-water separators B, 6, a dehydrator, 7, air coolers B, 8, steam-water separators B, 9, a dehydrator regeneration fan, 10, an electric heater, 11, an adsorption tower, 12 and a vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: including horizontal separation buffer tank 1, horizontal separation buffer tank 1 connects gradually air cooler A2, catch water A3 and desulfurizing tower device 4 through the pipeline, 4 exit ends of desulfurizing tower device have connected gradually catch water B5, dehydrator 6 and adsorption tower 11 through the pipeline, 6 upper ends of dehydrator are connected with electric heater 10 and dehydrator regeneration fan 9 through the pipeline, 6 lower extremes of dehydrator pass through the pipeline and are connected with air cooler 7 and catch water 8, adsorption tower 11 has vacuum pump 12 through the pipe connection.
The desulfurizing tower device 4 consists of three dry desulfurizing towers which are connected in series, and the adsorbent is ferric oxide.
Two water removers 6 are arranged and work alternately, and the water remover adopts aluminum oxide.
The number of the adsorption towers 11 is eight, the connection mode is parallel connection, and two towers are always in a working state.
The vacuum pump 12 is a dual pump configuration.
In using the present invention, the parameters will first be analyzed as a practical matter:
name of waste gas: fireflood tail gas
The components of the waste gas: n is a radical of2、CH4、CO2、O2、H2S, non-methane total hydrocarbons, etc
Moisture content in terms of saturated water content
Amount of exhaust gas: 200,000 Nm/h
Composition of exhaust gas
| Item | N2 | CH4 | CO2 | O2 | Non-methane total hydrocarbons | H2S |
| Content (wt.) | 73% | 12.6% | 13.2% | 0.5% | 0.8% | ≤200mg/m3 |
The working process is as follows: fireflood tail gas → horizontal separation buffer tank 1 → air cooler A2 → steam-water separator A3 → desulfurizing tower device 4 → steam-water separator B5 → dehydrator 6 → adsorption tower 11 → vacuum pump 12.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a fireflood tail gas environmental protection resourceful treatment system, includes horizontal separation buffer tank (1), its characterized in that: horizontal separation buffer tank (1) connects gradually air cooler A (2), catch water A (3) and desulfurizing tower device (4) through the pipeline, desulfurizing tower device (4) exit end has connected gradually catch water B (5), dehydrator (6) and adsorption tower (11) through the pipeline, dehydrator (6) upper end is connected with electric heater (10) and dehydrator regeneration fan (9) through the pipeline, dehydrator (6) lower extreme passes through the pipeline and is connected with air cooler B (7) and catch water (8), adsorption tower (11) have vacuum pump (12) through the pipe connection.
2. The environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system for fireflood tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the desulfurizing tower device (4) consists of three dry desulfurizing towers which are connected in series, and the adsorbent is ferric oxide.
3. The environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system for fireflood tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: two water removers (6) are arranged and work alternately, and the water remover adopts aluminum oxide.
4. The environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system for fireflood tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the adsorption towers (11) is eight, the connection mode is parallel connection, and two towers are always in a working state.
5. The environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system for fireflood tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuum pump (12) is of a double pump configuration, one for each.
6. The process flow of the environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system for the fireflood tail gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the first step is as follows: the fireflood tail gas is subjected to oil-gas-water separation through a horizontal separation buffer tank (1);
the second step is that: then cooling the mixture by an air cooler A (2);
the third step: then enters a gas-water separator A (3) for gas-water separation;
the fourth step: then enters a desulfurizing tower (4) for desulfurization treatment;
the fifth step: after the fireflood tail gas is desulfurized, the fireflood tail gas firstly enters a gas-water separator B (5) for gas-water separation;
and a sixth step: then enters a dehydrator (6) to further remove water molecules in the tail gas;
the seventh step: the fire flooding tail gas after water removal enters an adsorption tower (11), wherein CH4The substances are adsorbed by the adsorption tower;
eighth step: the desorption is carried out in a vacuum pumping mode of a vacuum pump (12), and the whole process is completed.
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| CN202010464510.XA CN113731098A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system and process flow for fireflooding tail gas |
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| CN202010464510.XA CN113731098A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Environmental-friendly resourceful treatment system and process flow for fireflooding tail gas |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115854336A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-03-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for fuel blending combustion fireflood flue gas of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
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2020
- 2020-05-28 CN CN202010464510.XA patent/CN113731098A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115854336A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-03-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for fuel blending combustion fireflood flue gas of circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN115854336B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-09-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for mixing fuel of circulating fluidized bed boiler with fire-driving flue gas |
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