CN113726417A - Emergency communication system and communication method based on dynamic deployment of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm - Google Patents
Emergency communication system and communication method based on dynamic deployment of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an emergency communication system and a communication method based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm, and relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle base station communication systems and communication methods. A communication method of an emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm comprises the following steps: step 1: deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle to a designated position through an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and networking by using airborne small base stations respectively carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle to form an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and establish temporary large-area mobile communication network coverage; step 2: the unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony accesses the signal to the internet small base station gateway through the airborne small base station, is connected with the core network of an operator, and provides communication service for users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication systems and communication methods, in particular to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle base station communication systems and communication methods.
Background
With the remarkable progress of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology, such as better power management technology, increased payload capacity, longer average flight time, etc., the unmanned aerial vehicle can be used for multiple purposes, such as shooting, monitoring, transportation, communication, etc., in terms of communication, due to the high dynamic characteristic of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the transmission link of the line of sight between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground user, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be used as a temporary base station to shunt hot spot areas (such as large-scale activities, concerts, sporting events) with large data traffic demands, or to provide temporary coverage for blind areas of ground coverage caused by accidents and disasters, and for these blind and hot-patch scenes, compared with the temporary installation of a traditional base station, the temporary deployment of the unmanned aerial vehicle base station is more efficient and more cost-effective.
However, the existing domestic conventional unmanned aerial vehicle base station technical scheme has the following defects:
1. at present, domestic unmanned aerial vehicle basic station all adopts mooring type many rotor unmanned aerial vehicle's platform, and unmanned aerial vehicle need carry the electric energy through ground cable's high-power, transmit communication data through ground optical cable, and flying height and flying distance all receive very big restriction, and it is higher to the supporting facility requirement in ground, can't carry out emergent guarantee to the scene that complicated topography, mooring optical cable distance can't reach.
2. At present, the little basic station of integration is adopted basically to domestic unmanned aerial vehicle machine carries basic station, and the little basic station of integration comprises 4 parts of modules, is respectively: power function module, wiFi function module, RF function module and 5G function module, centralized modular management, weight is about 40KG, and it is higher to unmanned aerial vehicle load requirement, need pass through optical cable connection RNC (Radio Network Controller) during the deployment. That is to say, to open the airborne integrated micro base station, the optical cable must be laid to the nearest mobile base station which is normally in service, and data is configured, so that opening under a disaster condition is difficult.
3. At present, domestic unmanned aerial vehicle base stations are in a single-machine mode, the coverage area is small, and no precedent for realizing scale coverage through an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an emergency communication system and a communication method based on unmanned aerial vehicle swarm dynamic deployment, which solve the problems that an unmanned aerial vehicle needs to transmit electric energy through a ground cable, an unmanned aerial vehicle airborne base station basically adopts an integrated micro base station to have higher requirements on unmanned aerial vehicle load, and the coverage area of the unmanned aerial vehicle base station in a single-machine mode is smaller in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm comprises the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm is formed by networking an unmanned aerial vehicle base station, the unmanned aerial vehicle base station comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle and an airborne small base station respectively, the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a sensing unit, a power supply unit, an electric quantity detection unit, a positioning unit, a power unit, a flight control unit, a microcomputer unit and an airborne small base station which are fixedly arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the flight control unit, the airborne small base station and the sensing unit are respectively and electrically connected with the microcomputer unit, the power supply unit, the positioning unit and the power unit are respectively and electrically connected with the flight control unit, and the electric quantity detection unit is electrically connected with the power supply unit, the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station comprises a data communication system and a ground monitoring system, wherein the data communication system is electrically connected with the ground monitoring system, an airborne small base station is in communication connection with the data communication system, and the data communication system is in communication connection with an internet small base station gateway.
Further, unmanned aerial vehicle basic station still includes wireless communication unit, wireless communication unit fixed mounting is on the unmanned aerial vehicle organism to be connected with airborne little basic station and microcomputer unit electricity, airborne little basic station passes through wireless communication unit and unmanned aerial vehicle ground satellite station's data communication system communication connection.
Furthermore, the unmanned aerial vehicle base station also comprises a satellite link modem, wherein the satellite link modem is fixedly installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and is electrically connected with the airborne small base station, and the satellite link modem is in communication connection with a data communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station through a satellite link.
Further, the airborne small base station is a home small base station.
A communication method of an emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm comprises the following steps:
step 1: deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle to a designated position through an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and networking by using airborne small base stations respectively carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle to form an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and establish temporary large-area mobile communication network coverage;
step 2: the unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony accesses the signal to the internet small base station gateway through the airborne small base station, is connected with the core network of an operator, and provides communication service for users.
Further, in step 1, monitor the unmanned aerial vehicle basic station through unmanned aerial vehicle ground satellite station, when the unmanned aerial vehicle basic station can not normally provide service, when mobile communication network hole appears promptly, unmanned aerial vehicle ground satellite station commander unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony carries out the benefit blind.
Further, in the step 1, the method for deploying the drone to a specified location and for blinding the drone swarm includes the following steps:
step A: determining the number of unmanned aerial vehicles of the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and determining the longitude and latitude position of each unmanned aerial vehicle according to the total coverage range required by the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and the signal coverage range of an airborne small base station carried on each unmanned aerial vehicle;
and B: b, manufacturing an electronic map, positioning the unmanned aerial vehicle on the electronic map through a positioning unit, and controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to be respectively deployed to the longitude and latitude positions determined in the step A through a ground monitoring system of a ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
and C: tracking the real-time position and the dynamic track of each unmanned aerial vehicle through a ground monitoring system of an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and simultaneously monitoring the electric quantity of a power supply unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle through an electric quantity detection unit in real time to judge whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is not at a specified position and whether the electric quantity of the power supply unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sufficient;
step D: if the unmanned aerial vehicle is not in the specified position, judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle falls or deviates from the specified position, if the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, scheduling a new unmanned aerial vehicle to take over for the position supplement of the falling unmanned aerial vehicle through a ground monitoring system of an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and if the unmanned aerial vehicle deviates from the specified position, adjusting the homing of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the ground monitoring system of the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station; if the electric quantity of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not enough, the unmanned aerial vehicle with sufficient electric quantity is dispatched to take over the unmanned aerial vehicle with insufficient electric quantity to supplement the position through the ground monitoring system of the ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Further, in the step a, the longitude and latitude position of each unmanned aerial vehicle is determined according to a mobile communication cellular network optimization algorithm.
Further, the unmanned aerial vehicles are arranged in an array or in a honeycomb manner, and the distance between adjacent unmanned aerial vehicles is the radius of the coverage range of the airborne small base station signal.
The invention adopts the technical proposal to achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the airborne small base station to carry out emergency communication coverage, the airborne small base station adopts the femtocell, the weight of the airborne small base station is only about 250 grams, and the requirement of remote deployment of the non-mooring unmanned aerial vehicle can be met. The airborne small base station can be accessed to the internet small base station gateway in a satellite link or unmanned data transmission mode, so that signals are accessed to the internet small base station gateway and are connected with an operator core network to provide communication services for users.
2. The machine carries little basic station and adopts the little basic station of family, and its power is less, and little basic station is less compared in coverage area, uses unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony network in nevertheless this scheme, can compensate this short slab, more can infinitely group solve the emergent difficult problem of covering of remote, big region.
3. The method comprises the steps that a temporary large-area mobile communication network coverage is established by utilizing an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm, the position of each airborne small base station (unmanned aerial vehicle) in the air is determined by an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station according to a mobile communication cellular network optimization algorithm, a position instruction is sent to the unmanned aerial vehicle for deployment, and the working condition of each unmanned aerial vehicle base station is monitored in real time. When the unmanned aerial vehicle base station can not normally provide service, namely a mobile communication network cavity appears, the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station automatically commands the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm adjustment to carry out blind complementing according to the algorithm, and normal coverage is ensured not to be influenced.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of deploying drones to a designated location and blinding the drone swarm;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the array arrangement of the unmanned aerial vehicles;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the honeycomb arrangement of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm is formed by networking an unmanned aerial vehicle base station, the unmanned aerial vehicle base station comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle and an airborne small base station respectively, the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a sensing unit, a power supply unit, an electric quantity detection unit, a positioning unit, a power unit, a flight control unit, a microcomputer unit and an airborne small base station which are fixedly installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the airborne small base station adopts a home small base station, the flight control unit, the airborne small base station and the sensing unit are respectively and electrically connected with the microcomputer unit, and the power supply unit, the positioning unit and the power unit are respectively and electrically connected with the flight control unit, electric quantity detecting element is connected with the power supply unit electricity, unmanned aerial vehicle ground satellite station includes data communication system and ground monitored control system, data communication system is connected with ground monitored control system electricity, and machine carries little basic station and data communication system communication connection, data communication system and internet little basic station gateway communication connection.
The unmanned aerial vehicle base station also comprises a satellite link modem, the satellite link modem is fixedly arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body and is electrically connected with the airborne small base station, and the satellite link modem is in communication connection with a data communication system of an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station through a satellite link; when adopting wireless data transmission's mode to carry out communication connection, the unmanned aerial vehicle basic station still includes wireless communication unit, wireless communication unit fixed mounting is on the unmanned aerial vehicle organism to be connected with airborne little basic station and microcomputer unit electricity, airborne little basic station passes through wireless communication unit and unmanned aerial vehicle ground satellite station's data communication system communication connection.
Referring to fig. 2, a communication method of an emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm comprises the following steps:
step 1: the unmanned aerial vehicle is deployed to a designated position through an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, airborne small base stations carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle are used for networking to form an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm, temporary large-area mobile communication network coverage is established, the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station is used for monitoring the unmanned aerial vehicle base station, and when the unmanned aerial vehicle base station cannot normally provide service, namely a mobile communication network cavity occurs, the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station commands the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm to carry out blind-repairing;
step 2: the unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony accesses the signal to the internet small base station gateway through the airborne small base station, is connected with the core network of an operator, and provides communication service for users.
In the step 1, the method for deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle to the designated position and performing blind-repairing on the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm through the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station comprises the following steps:
step A: determining the number of unmanned aerial vehicles of an unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony according to the total coverage range of the unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony and the signal coverage range of an airborne small base station carried on each unmanned aerial vehicle, and determining the longitude and latitude position of each unmanned aerial vehicle according to a mobile communication cellular network optimization algorithm, wherein the specific method steps of the mobile communication cellular network optimization algorithm are conventional means in the field and can be implemented by ordinary technicians in the field without detailed description; the longitude and latitude position arrangement of the unmanned aerial vehicles can adopt array arrangement as shown in fig. 3 and 4, and can also adopt honeycomb arrangement as shown in fig. 5, and the distance between adjacent unmanned aerial vehicles is the radius of the coverage range of the airborne small base station signal, for example, in fig. 3, the central axis of a first unmanned aerial vehicle is a, the central axis of a second unmanned aerial vehicle adjacent to the first unmanned aerial vehicle is B, the distance between B and a is the radius R of the coverage range of the airborne small base station signal, the distance between the third unmanned aerial vehicle and the central axis of the second unmanned aerial vehicle is also R, and so on;
and B: b, manufacturing an electronic map, positioning the unmanned aerial vehicle on the electronic map through a positioning unit, and controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to be respectively deployed to the longitude and latitude positions determined in the step A through a ground monitoring system of a ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
and C: tracking the real-time position and the dynamic track of each unmanned aerial vehicle through a ground monitoring system of an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and simultaneously monitoring the electric quantity of a power supply unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle through an electric quantity detection unit in real time to judge whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is not at a specified position and whether the electric quantity of the power supply unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sufficient;
step D: if the unmanned aerial vehicle is not in the specified position, judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle falls or deviates from the specified position, if the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, scheduling a new unmanned aerial vehicle to take over the position supplement of the falling unmanned aerial vehicle through a ground monitoring system of a ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and if the unmanned aerial vehicle deviates from the specified position, adjusting the homing of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the ground monitoring system; if the electric quantity of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not enough, the unmanned aerial vehicle with the enough electric quantity is dispatched through the ground monitoring system to take over the unmanned aerial vehicle with the not enough electric quantity to supplement the position.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. An emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm is characterized by comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm is formed by networking an unmanned aerial vehicle base station, the unmanned aerial vehicle base station comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle and an airborne small base station respectively, the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a sensing unit, a power supply unit, an electric quantity detection unit, a positioning unit, a power unit, a flight control unit, a microcomputer unit and an airborne small base station, the sensing unit, the power supply unit, the electric quantity detection unit, the positioning unit, the power unit, the flight control unit, the microcomputer unit and the airborne small base station are fixedly installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the flight control unit, the airborne small base station and the sensing unit are respectively and electrically connected with the microcomputer unit, and the power supply unit, the positioning unit and the power unit are respectively and electrically connected with the flight control unit, electric quantity detecting element is connected with the power supply unit electricity, unmanned aerial vehicle ground satellite station includes data communication system and ground monitored control system, data communication system is connected with ground monitored control system electricity, and machine carries little basic station and data communication system communication connection, data communication system and internet little basic station gateway communication connection.
2. The emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of drone swarm of claim 1, wherein the drone base station further comprises a wireless communication unit, the wireless communication unit is fixedly installed on the drone body and electrically connected with the onboard small base station and the microcomputer unit, and the onboard small base station is in communication connection with the data communication system of the drone ground station through the wireless communication unit.
3. The emergency communication system for dynamic deployment of drone swarm of claim 1, wherein the drone base station further comprises a satellite link modem, the satellite link modem being fixedly mounted on the drone body and electrically connected to the onboard small base station, the satellite link modem being communicatively connected to the data communication system of the drone ground station via a satellite link.
4. The emergency communication system based on dynamic deployment of drone swarm of claim 1, wherein the airborne small base station is a home small base station.
5. The communication method of the emergency communication system based on the dynamic deployment of the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: deploying the unmanned aerial vehicle to a designated position through an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and networking by using airborne small base stations respectively carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle to form an unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and establish temporary large-area mobile communication network coverage;
step 2: the unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony accesses the signal to the internet small base station gateway through the airborne small base station, is connected with the core network of an operator, and provides communication service for users.
6. The communication method of the emergency communication system based on the dynamic deployment of the drone swarm in the step 1, according to the claim 5, the drone base station is monitored by the drone ground station, and when the drone base station cannot provide the service normally, that is, a mobile communication network hole occurs, the drone ground station directs the drone swarm to perform blind repair.
7. The communication method of the emergency communication system based on the dynamic deployment of the drone swarm of claim 6, wherein in the step 1, the method for deploying the drone to the designated position and for blinding the drone swarm comprises the following steps:
step A: determining the number of unmanned aerial vehicles of the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and determining the longitude and latitude position of each unmanned aerial vehicle according to the total coverage range required by the unmanned aerial vehicle swarm and the signal coverage range of an airborne small base station carried on each unmanned aerial vehicle;
and B: b, manufacturing an electronic map, positioning the unmanned aerial vehicle on the electronic map through a positioning unit, and controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to be respectively deployed to the longitude and latitude positions determined in the step A through a ground monitoring system of a ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
and C: tracking the real-time position and the dynamic track of each unmanned aerial vehicle through a ground monitoring system of an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and simultaneously monitoring the electric quantity of a power supply unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle through an electric quantity detection unit in real time to judge whether the unmanned aerial vehicle is not at a specified position and whether the electric quantity of the power supply unit of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sufficient;
step D: if the unmanned aerial vehicle is not in the specified position, judging whether the unmanned aerial vehicle falls or deviates from the specified position, if the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, scheduling a new unmanned aerial vehicle to take over for the position supplement of the falling unmanned aerial vehicle through a ground monitoring system of an unmanned aerial vehicle ground station, and if the unmanned aerial vehicle deviates from the specified position, adjusting the homing of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the ground monitoring system of the unmanned aerial vehicle ground station; if the electric quantity of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not enough, the unmanned aerial vehicle with sufficient electric quantity is dispatched to take over the unmanned aerial vehicle with insufficient electric quantity to supplement the position through the ground monitoring system of the ground station of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
8. The communication method of the emergency communication system based on the dynamic deployment of the drone swarm of claim 6, wherein in the step A, the longitude and latitude position of each drone is determined according to a mobile communication cellular network optimization algorithm.
9. The communication method of the emergency communication system based on the dynamic deployment of the drone swarm of claim 6, wherein the drones are arranged in an array or in a honeycomb shape, and the distance between adjacent drones is the radius of the signal coverage of the airborne small base station.
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