CN113725856A - Multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on hybrid energy storage and thyristor - Google Patents
Multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on hybrid energy storage and thyristor Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional power quality control device based on hybrid energy storage and a thyristor, belonging to the field of power quality control; a multifunctional electric energy quality treatment device based on hybrid energy storage and thyristors comprises a hybrid energy storage module, an inverter module, a bidirectional thyristor module and a control module, can be applied to complex environments with precise sensitive and/or harmonic loads such as banks, hospitals, chip manufacturing bases, electric vehicle charging stations and the like, keeps the voltage of the precise sensitive load constant when the voltage of a power grid is temporarily dropped/interrupted for a long time, performs harmonic suppression/reactive compensation/three-phase unbalance compensation and improves a power factor when the voltage of the power grid is normal, and can simultaneously solve various electric energy quality problems with lower economic cost; the super capacitor module and the storage battery module are integrated in the energy storage module to exert respective advantages, and the switching is performed in a voltage and current quality control mode through the switching bidirectional thyristor, so that the super capacitor module and the storage battery module have high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power quality control, and particularly relates to a multifunctional power quality control device based on hybrid energy storage and a thyristor.
Background
With the continuous development of the current science and technology and the development of the modern science and technology, on one hand, electric equipment sensitive to the quality of electric energy is continuously popularized, and the requirement of a user on the quality of the electric energy is higher and higher; on the other hand, the factors causing the problem of the quality of the electric energy are continuously increased, the reactive power and harmonic problems of the power grid are more serious along with the access of a plurality of nonlinear loads, and the popularization of the distributed new energy power generation in recent years also brings new challenges to the quality of the electric energy. At present, the quality of electric energy mainly comprises the problems of voltage sag/rise, harmonic pollution, low power factor, unbalanced three phases and the like, and corresponding solutions mainly comprise a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), a static var compensator (SVG), an active power filter and the like, but the solutions are difficult to solve various quality problems of electric energy simultaneously.
In the field of power quality management, an energy storage link is often needed to provide long-term reliable power supply for a precise sensitive load, and if a storage battery is adopted as the energy storage link, the defects that the power density is not high enough, the response speed is slow, and the service life is influenced by frequent charging and discharging of the storage battery under the working condition of voltage fluctuation exist; if the super capacitor is adopted as an energy storage link, the energy density is not high enough, and the voltage compensation requirement under the long-time voltage interruption working condition is difficult to meet. If the storage battery and the super capacitor are combined to serve as a hybrid energy storage unit and a proper control strategy is adopted, the advantages of the storage battery and the super capacitor can be combined, the economic cost is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the working performance is improved.
At present, in the field of power quality management, a power frequency transformer with large volume and high price is required to be configured to play a role in electrical isolation, and the electrical isolation is realized by switching a bidirectional thyristor, so that the economic cost and the occupied area can be greatly reduced.
In summary, it is important to provide a low-cost multifunctional power quality control device that can solve the problems of voltage quality and power quality at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on a hybrid energy storage and thyristor, which can simultaneously solve various electric energy quality problems with lower economic cost.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional electric energy quality management device based on hybrid energy storage and a thyristor comprises a hybrid energy storage module, a bidirectional thyristor module, an inversion module and a control module;
furthermore, a bidirectional thyristor is arranged in the bidirectional thyristor module, the bidirectional thyristor is positioned between a power grid and a harmonic and/or sensitive load, the hybrid energy storage module is connected with a direct current bus of the inverter module, the output end of the inverter module is connected in parallel between the bidirectional thyristor and the harmonic and/or sensitive load, and the input end of the bidirectional thyristor is connected with a system power supply.
Further, the bidirectional thyristor module is composed of the bidirectional thyristor and a drive protection circuit.
Further, the inversion module comprises a three-phase inverter and a passive filter.
Furthermore, the passive filter adopts an LCL filter, and a current sensor and a voltage sensor are arranged on the passive filter and fed back to the control module.
Furthermore, the passive filter adopts a passive damping scheme or an active damping scheme to ensure the stability of the LCL filter, and the power grid side inductance parameter design of the passive filter takes into account the inductance voltage drop to ensure the voltage compensation capability of the passive filter.
Further, the hybrid energy storage module comprises a storage battery module, a super capacitor module and a bidirectional DC-DC module; the super capacitor module is formed by connecting super capacitor monomers in series and parallel, and the storage battery module is formed by connecting storage battery sets in series and parallel; and the bidirectional DC-DC module is responsible for respectively connecting the storage battery module and the super capacitor module with a direct current bus of the voltage source type inverter.
Furthermore, the rated power and the capacity of the storage battery module, the super capacitor module and the bidirectional DC-DC module are determined according to the preset rated power and the preset maximum voltage interruption compensation time.
Furthermore, the control module comprises a DSP control chip, a sampling circuit and a drive protection circuit, and is responsible for realizing a control algorithm and performing coordination control on the inverter module, the hybrid energy storage module and the bidirectional thyristor module.
Further, the control method of the control module comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting signals of each sensor, including power grid side voltage, load side current, super capacitor and storage battery terminal voltage in the hybrid energy storage module, bidirectional DC-DC module current and device temperature;
s2: judging whether the power quality problem exists at the moment according to the acquired signals, switching the working modes according to the sequence of solving the voltage quality problem firstly and solving the current quality problem secondly, and switching the device to a standby state if the power quality problem does not exist at the moment;
s3: when the control module detects the voltage quality problem, the bidirectional thyristor is forced to be turned off, the inversion module provides long-time reliable power supply for the sensitive load, and meanwhile, the hybrid energy storage module is controlled to maintain the constant voltage of the direct-current bus of the inversion module; when the voltage sag/rise duration time is short, the super capacitor module and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module only maintain the voltage of the direct current bus of the inversion module to be constant, and the storage battery module does not participate in discharging; when the voltage sag/rise duration is long and the voltage at the end of the super capacitor module drops to a certain threshold, the storage battery module participates in discharging and maintains the constant of the direct current bus of the inversion module, and when the voltage at the end of the hybrid energy storage module is lower than a certain safety threshold, the device is shut down.
S4: when the control module of the device does not detect the voltage quality problem and only detects the current quality problem, the bidirectional thyristor is closed at the moment, the device works in a harmonic suppression/reactive power treatment mode or a three-phase imbalance treatment mode, the voltage source type inverter outputs compensation current through the passive filter, harmonic/reactive power/imbalance components in load current are offset, and meanwhile, the direct-current side bus voltage of the inverter module is adjusted;
under the harmonic wave and reactive power management mode, the control module judges the states of the bidirectional DC-DC module and the storage battery module in the hybrid energy storage module according to the sampling signal, and if the terminal voltages of the super capacitor module and the storage battery module are not within the rated range, the bidirectional DC-DC module is used for adjusting; if the super capacitor module and the storage battery module are restored to be within the rated range, locking the bidirectional DC-DC module;
s5: when the device is in an environment without the problem of power quality, the device is in a standby state, the bidirectional thyristor is kept conducted, and normal power supply of the sensitive load is guaranteed.
Further, when the storage battery participates in discharging and maintains the direct current bus of the inversion module to be constant, a given power value required to be output by the hybrid energy storage module needs to be calculated first, a low-frequency component of the given power value is used as a given value of output power of the storage battery and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, a control strategy of a voltage outer ring current inner ring is adopted to control the storage battery and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, a high-frequency component of the given power value of the hybrid energy storage module is used as a given value of output power of the super capacitor and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, the response speed of the super capacitor is improved through a control strategy of a single current ring, and the voltage of the direct current bus of the inversion module is maintained to be constant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on the hybrid energy storage and the thyristor, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the voltage sag compensation time is longer, the voltage interruption compensation function is realized, the bidirectional thyristor module is adopted to realize the electrical isolation of the device and a power distribution network, and a power frequency transformer required by a traditional dynamic voltage restorer is not required, so that the economic cost is reduced.
2. The device can be switched to different working modes after judging the quality type of the electric energy, performs harmonic/reactive/unbalanced current compensation when the voltage of the power grid is normal, performs voltage compensation when the voltage of the power grid is temporarily dropped/interrupted, and is flexible to control.
3. The hybrid energy storage module of the device has the advantages of both the super capacitor and the storage battery, the overall economic cost is low, when the voltage of a power grid rises or falls temporarily, the super capacitor module and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module react rapidly to output high-power energy in a short time, the reliable power supply of the device to sensitive loads is ensured, and the storage battery module is prevented from working to ensure the service life of the storage battery; after the power grid voltage temporary rising/temporary falling duration lasts for a period of time and the terminal voltage of the super capacitor module is lower than the threshold value, the storage battery module and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module are put into operation and serve as main energy sources of the device, and the super capacitor module and the bidirectional DC-DC module are only responsible for stabilizing high-frequency fluctuation of the inverter direct-current bus, so that frequent charging and discharging of the storage battery module are avoided, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an abatement apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an abatement device circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3(a) and fig. 3(b) are schematic circuit diagrams of the series-parallel connection of the super capacitor cells and the parallel connection of the lithium battery pack according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid energy storage module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the operation mode of the abatement device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a passive filter of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of cooperative control when the storage battery and the super capacitor participate in discharging at the same time according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a control block diagram of the harmonic/reactive management mode of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a control block diagram of the voltage compensation mode of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a simulated waveform of a voltage compensation mode of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a simulated waveform for the harmonic/reactive management mode of an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is a simulation waveform of the super capacitor module according to the embodiment of the present invention for maintaining the DC bus voltage of the inverter module constant by charging and discharging the bidirectional DC-DC module.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and an embodiment of the invention with a voltage level of 380V and a capacity of 15kVA, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional power quality management device based on hybrid energy storage and thyristor structurally comprises a hybrid energy storage module, a bidirectional thyristor module, an inversion module and a control module; the hybrid energy storage module comprises a super capacitor module, a storage battery module and a bidirectional DC-DC module, wherein the bidirectional DC-DC module is responsible for respectively connecting the storage battery module and the super capacitor module with a direct current bus of the voltage source type inverter; the bidirectional thyristor module consists of a bidirectional thyristor and a drive protection circuit, and the inverter module comprises a passive filter and a three-phase inverter;
specific embodiments of the components of the present invention are described below:
as shown in fig. 2, when the treatment device is applied to a three-phase four-wire system power distribution network, a two-level capacitor split topology may be adopted, the dc bus midpoint of the inverter module is connected to the system centerline, the passive filter neutral point is connected to the system centerline, and a software and hardware scheme is adopted to keep the dc bus midpoint voltage balance.
The hybrid energy storage module is connected with a direct current bus of the inversion module in parallel, the bidirectional thyristor module is arranged between a power grid and a harmonic wave and/or sensitive load, the alternating current output end of the inversion module is connected between the bidirectional thyristor and the harmonic wave and/or sensitive load in parallel, and the input end of the bidirectional thyristor is connected with a system power supply. When the governing device is in a reactive power/harmonic wave/three-phase unbalance compensation mode, the bidirectional thyristor is in a closed state, and when voltage sag/rise occurs, the bidirectional thyristor is forcibly turned off, and the inverter module supplies power to the load.
As shown in fig. 3, the super capacitor module in the hybrid energy storage module adopts a scheme of serial connection and parallel connection of super capacitor monomers to improve the overall capacity and terminal voltage thereof, and the storage battery module is formed by parallel connection of storage battery packs;
as shown in fig. 4, the capacities and powers of the storage battery and the super capacitor in the hybrid energy storage module can be selected and configured according to the requirements of the embodiment, on the premise that the rated capacity of the embodiment is 15 kVA. According to the rated capacity provided by the embodiment, under the aim of ensuring that the sensitive load is reliably supplied for 1 hour continuously, the hybrid energy storage module can select a super capacitor module of 'BMOD 0165P 048C 01' produced by MAXWELL corporation to meet the power requirement of outputting 15kW in a short time, and because the capacity of the super capacitor module is limited, the electric quantity can only be maintained for about half a minute under the condition of continuously outputting 15kW power, so that the lead-acid storage battery module with high cost performance and stability and reliability is adopted to meet the energy requirement of the governing device for reliably supplying power to the sensitive load, and if the storage battery module with the rated voltage of 48V and the capacity of 400AH is selected, the storage battery module with the rated power of 15kW can support the time of more than 1 hour. In view of cost and stability, if the storage battery of the hybrid energy storage module in the management device adopts a lead-acid storage battery, the advantages of lower price, larger capacity, support of floating charge and longer cycle life compared with a lithium battery can be obtained; when the treatment device is applied to occasions with higher requirements on the occupied area, such as banks, the economy can be sacrificed, and the overall volume of the device is reduced by adopting the lithium battery with higher energy density.
As shown in fig. 5, when the abatement device works, analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) sampling is performed first, including grid-side voltage, load-side current, terminal voltage of the super capacitor and the storage battery in the hybrid energy storage module, bidirectional DC-DC module current in the hybrid energy storage module, and device temperature. Judging whether the power quality problems such as voltage sag/rise, current harmonic wave/idle power and the like exist at the moment through the collected load current and power grid voltage signals, and if the power quality problems do not exist at the moment, enabling the device to be in a standby state; if the power quality problem exists at the moment, the power quality problem is solved according to the priority of firstly solving the voltage quality problem, ensuring the normal power supply of the sensitive load and then restraining the current harmonic/reactive component at the load side. When the device is in an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) mode and is in charge of solving the voltage quality problem, the bidirectional thyristor is forcibly turned off, the bidirectional DC-DC module transmits the energy of the super capacitor/storage battery to the direct-current side capacitor of the inverter, and a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) controller forms closed-loop control according to the voltage collected by the load side and the inductive current collected by the passive filter, so that the voltage at the load side is ensured to be stable; when the power supply is in a harmonic/reactive power treatment mode, the bidirectional thyristor is kept in a conducting state, the bidirectional DC-DC module is dynamically adjusted to keep the voltages of the storage battery and the super capacitor within a rated range, when the voltage at the end of the hybrid energy storage module is normal, the bidirectional DC-DC module is kept in a locking state to reduce energy loss, the DSP controller calculates the reactive/harmonic component of the current according to the current collected at the load side, and the reactive/harmonic component and the inductive current collected on the passive filter form a control closed loop, so that the treatment device outputs the current with the same amplitude and opposite phase as the harmonic/reactive current at the moment, the harmonic content of the power supply current is reduced, and the power factor of the system is improved.
As shown in fig. 6, in order to make the passive filter in the inverter module have the capability of voltage quality control and current quality control at the same time, the LCL filter may be selected, and the parameter design requirements are as follows:
(1) the switch subharmonic can be effectively inhibited;
(2) ensuring that the treatment device can normally output low-order harmonic current in a harmonic treatment mode so as to ensure that compensation current output by the treatment device in the harmonic treatment mode can be offset with harmonic components in load current, reducing harmonic components in power supply current and improving the power factor of a power grid;
(3) if the passive filter is an LCL filter, the inductance on the power grid side is not too large so as to limit the inductance voltage drop of the passive filter and ensure the voltage control precision of the treatment device in a voltage compensation mode.
Meanwhile, the LCL filter needs to adopt an active damping scheme as shown in fig. 6(a) or a passive damping scheme as shown in fig. 6(b) to ensure stability, and simultaneously acquires the load-side voltage uLAnd the device outputs a compensation current icAnd performing closed-loop control.
As shown in fig. 7, when the voltage sag time is too long to cause the voltage drop at the terminal of the super capacitor, a scheme of cooperatively charging and discharging the storage battery and the super capacitor should be adopted. Since the cycle life of the storage battery is limited, excessive charging and discharging cannot be performed, so that a high-pass filter is required to distribute a high-frequency component of a power set value to the super capacitor module, and a low-pass filter is required to distribute a low-frequency component of the power set value to the storage battery module. The basic purpose of the control of the storage battery module is to stabilize the voltage of a direct-current bus and maintain the treatment device to provide long-time electric energy support, so the basic control strategy selects the closed-loop control of a voltage outer ring and a current outer ring; the basic purpose of the super capacitor module control is to respond to the high-frequency component of the target power of the hybrid energy storage module, so that the response speed is improved by adopting single current loop closed-loop control. In the embodiment, the storage battery module adopts the scheme that the storage battery packs are connected in parallel to improve the output power, so that the droop control is adopted to inhibit the circulation current.
As shown in FIG. 8, when the abatement device is in the harmonic abatement mode, the load side current i is first appliedLa,b,cCarrying out dq transformation and carrying out dq component i on the dq componentLd,qLow-pass filtering is carried out to obtain a direct current component i on a dq axisLdf,qfIf the dq inverse transformation is carried out on the fundamental wave component, the fundamental wave component in the load current can be obtained; and meanwhile, the voltage of the direct-current side capacitor of the treatment device is also regulated through a PI regulator on a d axis. Load current minus its fundamental component and DC capacitor voltageThe current set value i of the treatment device in the harmonic treatment mode can be obtained corresponding to the output of the PI controllerabcrefAt the same time, the current actually output by the treatment device is subtracted and then is processed by a PI regulator to obtain a modulation signal; when the DSP has higher dominant frequency and stronger computing capability, the PI regulator can be replaced by a multi-PR controller under the condition of not changing a synchronous rotating coordinate system, and a plurality of synchronous rotating coordinate systems with different rotating frequencies can be set on the premise of only using the PI regulator so as to simultaneously inhibit current harmonics under a plurality of frequencies.
As shown in fig. 9, when the abatement device is in the UPS mode, the dual closed loop control strategy of the voltage outer loop and the current inner loop is adopted to improve the control accuracy, and the load side voltage is first subjected to dq axis transformation, compared with a preset load side voltage dq axis component given value, and subjected to dq decoupling to obtain a given value of the current inner loop, and the given value and the current output by the abatement device form a closed loop through the PI controller.
As shown in the simulation waveform of FIG. 10, the abatement device has the capability of coping with the grid voltage drop in a time period of 0 to 0.1ssa,usb,uscThe control device is switched to a UPS mode when the grid voltage is temporarily reduced, and the energy of the hybrid energy storage module is transmitted to the load side through the bidirectional DC-DC module and the inverter to keep the voltage u at the load sideLa,uLb,uLcIs constant.
As shown in the simulation waveform of FIG. 11, the treatment device has harmonic/reactive treatment capability under the normal working condition of the power grid, and when the voltage of the power grid is in the normal working condition within a time period of 0 to 0.1s, the treatment device is in a harmonic treatment mode and outputs a compensation current ica,icb,iccSuppression of load-side current iLa,iLb,iLcSo that the supply current isa,isb,iscThe sine is kept, so that the power factor of the power grid is improved, and the loss is reduced.
As shown in the simulated waveform of fig. 12, the power is at 0.1sWhen the network voltage drops, the DC voltage u of the inversion moduledcRapidly decreases, detects the DC bus voltage udcAfter the super capacitor and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module are put into operation, the voltage u of the DC bus is applieddcQuickly restoring to the given value in a short time, and the voltage u of the super capacitorscIt is always in a slowly descending state. The bidirectional DC-DC module adopts complementary PWM modulation and works in a continuous conduction mode, and the inductive current i of the bidirectional DC-DC moduledcIs limited to a safe range due to the clipping action of the PI controller.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional electric energy quality management device based on hybrid energy storage and a thyristor is characterized by comprising a hybrid energy storage module, a bidirectional thyristor module, an inversion module and a control module;
the bidirectional thyristor is arranged in the bidirectional thyristor module, the bidirectional thyristor is positioned between a power grid and a harmonic wave and/or sensitive load, the hybrid energy storage module is connected with a direct current bus of the inverter module, the output end of the inverter module is connected in parallel between the bidirectional thyristor and the harmonic wave and/or sensitive load, and the input end of the bidirectional thyristor is connected with a system power supply.
2. The multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional thyristor module consists of the bidirectional thyristor and a drive protection circuit.
3. The multifunctional electric energy quality governance device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 1, wherein the inverting module comprises a three-phase inverter and a passive filter.
4. The multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 3, wherein the passive filter adopts an LCL filter, and current and voltage sensors are mounted on the passive filter and feed back to the control module.
5. The multifunctional electric energy quality governance device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 4, wherein the passive filter parameter design needs to consider the grid side inductance voltage drop to ensure the effect of voltage compensation of the governance device, and the passive filter adopts a passive damping or active damping scheme to ensure the stability of the LCL filter.
6. The multifunctional electric energy quality governance device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 2, wherein the hybrid energy storage module comprises a storage battery module, a super capacitor module and a bidirectional DC-DC module; the super capacitor module is formed by connecting super capacitor monomers in series and parallel, and the storage battery module is formed by connecting storage battery sets in series and parallel; and the bidirectional DC-DC module is responsible for respectively connecting the storage battery module and the super capacitor module with a direct current bus of the voltage source type inverter.
7. The multifunctional electric energy quality governance device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 6, wherein the rated power and capacity of the storage battery module, the super capacitor module and the bidirectional DC-DC module are determined according to preset rated power and maximum voltage interruption compensation time.
8. The multifunctional electric energy quality control device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 7, wherein the control module comprises a DSP control chip, a sampling circuit and a drive protection circuit, and the control module is responsible for realizing a control algorithm and performing coordination control on the inverter module, the hybrid energy storage module and the bidirectional thyristor module.
9. The multifunctional electric energy quality governance device based on the hybrid energy storage and thyristor according to claim 8, wherein the control method of the control module comprises:
s1: collecting signals of each sensor, including power grid side voltage, load side current, super capacitor and storage battery terminal voltage in the hybrid energy storage module, bidirectional DC-DC module current and device temperature;
s2: judging whether the power quality problem exists at the moment according to the acquired signals, switching the working modes according to the sequence of solving the voltage quality problem firstly and solving the current quality problem secondly, and switching the device to a standby state if the power quality problem does not exist at the moment;
s3: when the control module detects the voltage quality problem, the bidirectional thyristor is forced to be turned off, the inversion module provides long-time reliable power supply for the sensitive load, and meanwhile, the hybrid energy storage module is controlled to maintain the constant voltage of the direct-current bus of the inversion module; when the voltage sag/rise duration time is short, the super capacitor module and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module only maintain the voltage of the direct current bus of the inversion module to be constant, and the storage battery module does not participate in discharging; when the voltage sag/rise duration is longer and the voltage at the end of the super capacitor module drops to a certain threshold, the storage battery module participates in discharging again and maintains the constant of the direct current bus of the inversion module, and when the voltage at the end of the hybrid energy storage module is lower than a certain safety threshold, the device is shut down;
s4: when the control module of the device does not detect the voltage quality problem and only detects the current quality problem, the bidirectional thyristor is closed at the moment, the device works in a harmonic suppression/reactive power treatment mode or a three-phase imbalance treatment mode, the voltage source type inverter outputs compensation current through the passive filter, harmonic/reactive power/imbalance components in load current are offset, and meanwhile, the direct-current side bus voltage of the inverter module is adjusted;
under the harmonic wave and reactive power management mode, the control module judges the states of the bidirectional DC-DC module and the storage battery module in the hybrid energy storage module according to the sampling signal, and if the terminal voltages of the super capacitor module and the storage battery module are not within the rated range, the bidirectional DC-DC module is used for adjusting; if the super capacitor module and the storage battery module are restored to be within the rated range, locking the bidirectional DC-DC module;
s5: when the device is in an environment without the problem of power quality, the device is in a standby state, the bidirectional thyristor is kept conducted, and normal power supply of the sensitive load is guaranteed.
10. The device for governing the quality of multifunctional electric energy based on the hybrid energy storage and the thyristor according to claim 9, characterized in that when the storage battery participates in discharging and maintains the DC bus of the inverter module to be constant, a given value of the power required to be output by the hybrid energy storage module is calculated first, a low-frequency component of the given value of the power is used as a given value of the output power of the storage battery and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, a control strategy of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop is adopted to control the storage battery and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, a high-frequency component of the given value of the power of the hybrid energy storage module is used as a given value of the output power of the super capacitor and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, and a control strategy of a single current loop is adopted to improve the response speed of the super capacitor and the corresponding bidirectional DC-DC module, thereby maintaining the DC bus voltage of the inverter module to be constant.
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