CN113720938A - Device and method for analyzing gas composition change in coal drilling process - Google Patents
Device and method for analyzing gas composition change in coal drilling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113720938A CN113720938A CN202111009826.0A CN202111009826A CN113720938A CN 113720938 A CN113720938 A CN 113720938A CN 202111009826 A CN202111009826 A CN 202111009826A CN 113720938 A CN113720938 A CN 113720938A
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- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for analyzing gas composition change in a coal body drilling process, wherein the device comprises a closed box body, a coal sample test piece, an air suction pump, a gas drying box and a chromatographic analyzer, wherein the middle part of one side of the closed box body is provided with a drill rod through hole, the closed box body is provided with a plurality of fixed regulators, and an air suction guide pipe is arranged in the drill rod; the method comprises the steps of firstly, processing and manufacturing a coal sample test piece; secondly, fixing a coal sample test piece; thirdly, drilling the drill rod once; fourthly, extracting and analyzing components of gas in the coal sample test piece; fifthly, repeating the third step to the fourth step for multiple times; and sixthly, comparing and analyzing the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process. The method has reasonable structural design and simple and convenient steps, can truly reflect the change condition of gas components in the drilled hole of the coal body in the drilling process, further provides good guidance for gas source analysis in the coal seam mining process, and simultaneously provides a convenient and efficient idea for gas extraction in the drilled hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal seam drilling extraction, and particularly relates to a device and a method for analyzing gas component change in a coal body drilling process.
Background
With the increasing difficulty and depth of coal seam mining, in order to ensure the green, safe and efficient mining of coal, the coal seam drilling work becomes a common measure in mine disaster prevention and control means such as gas extraction, mine fire prevention and control and the like, however, the gas composition inside the coal body is greatly changed in the process of drilling the coal body by a coal drilling machine, wherein the concentration of the gas such as methane, carbon monoxide and the like in the drilled hole is greatly increased, and the accurate judgment of a gas enrichment area and a coal spontaneous combustion area is seriously influenced.
Many scholars believe that the methane gas originally exists in the coal and the carbon monoxide gas is generated by spontaneous combustion of the coal through a static and one-sided analysis method, but the situation is quite different from the actual situation that the composition and the source of the gas in the coal layer are very extensive and complicated, and the conclusion cannot be mistaken for the fact through simple analysis. In the process of drilling holes by a coal drilling machine in actual situations, the actual gas concentration in the drilled holes and the gas concentration result calculated theoretically are greatly different, because a large amount of heat is generated due to the friction among a drill bit, a drill rod and a coal body of the coal drilling machine, the temperature of the coal body around the drilled holes is increased, and the concentration of carbon monoxide or methane gas in the drilled holes is increased.
In the current technical research, the change condition of the gas composition in the drill hole in the process of drilling the drill hole by the coal drilling machine is not really reflected, and aiming at the condition, a device and a method for analyzing the change of the gas composition in the coal drilling process need to be provided, so that the defect that the change condition of the gas composition in the drilling process of the coal is unclear can be overcome, and the tamping foundation work is carried out for the safe mining of the coal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the device for analyzing the gas component change in the coal body drilling process is provided aiming at the defects in the prior art, the device is reasonable in structural design and simple and convenient in method steps, gas in the coal body can be extracted in the coal body drilling process, gas component comparison analysis can be conveniently carried out on the gas extracted at different drilling depths, the positions of a gas enrichment region and a coal spontaneous combustion region under a coal mine can be accurately judged, the change condition of the gas component in the drilled hole of the coal body in the drilling process can be truly reflected, the gas source analysis in the coal seam mining process is further provided with good guidance, and meanwhile, a convenient and efficient thought is provided for the gas extraction in the drilled hole.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides an analysis coal body drilling in-process gas composition changes's device which characterized in that: the coal sample test device comprises a cubic closed box body and a coal sample test piece arranged in the closed box body, wherein a cushion block for placing the coal sample test piece is arranged at the bottom of the closed box body, a drill rod through hole for a drill rod of a coal drilling machine to penetrate is formed in the middle of one side of the closed box body, a circular guide sleeve for guiding the drill rod is arranged in the closed box body, a fixed regulator for fixing the coal sample test piece is respectively arranged at the top and the other sides of the closed box body, two limit blocks for limiting the coal sample test piece are arranged in one side of the closed box body, which is provided with the drill rod through hole, symmetrically arranged at two sides of the drill rod through hole, an air exhaust guide pipe is arranged in the drill rod along the length direction of the drill rod, an air exhaust suction head matched with the air inlet end of the air exhaust guide pipe is arranged on a drill bit of the drill rod, and an air exhaust pump connected with the air outlet end of the air exhaust guide pipe is arranged outside the closed box body, the air pump is connected with a gas drying box, and the gas drying box is connected with a color spectrum analyzer.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: the circular guide sleeve and the drill rod through hole are coaxially arranged, the inner diameter of the circular guide sleeve is matched with the aperture of the drill rod through hole, one end of the circular guide sleeve is fixed on the inner wall of the closed box body, and the other end of the circular guide sleeve is tightly attached to one side of the coal sample test piece;
the thickness of the limiting block is equal to the length of the circular guide sleeve.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: and sealing rings matched with the drill rod are respectively arranged in the two ends of the circular guide sleeve.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: the fixed adjuster comprises a screw rod, a knob arranged at one end of the screw rod and a base plate arranged at the other end of the screw rod, a threaded hole for mounting the screw rod is formed in the closed box body, the knob is arranged outside the closed box body, and the base plate is arranged in the closed box body;
and a bearing seat for mounting a screw is arranged in the middle of one side of the base plate, and the screw is mounted in the bearing seat through a bearing.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: the inner side of the closed box body is provided with an internal thread sleeve matched with the screw rod, one end of the internal thread sleeve is fixed on the inner wall of the closed box body, and the internal thread sleeve and the threaded hole are coaxially arranged.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: and a filter is connected between the air exhaust conduit and the air exhaust pump.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: and a power supply for supplying power to the air pump is also arranged outside the closed box body.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: the drill rod is internally provided with a conduit channel for installing an air exhaust conduit, and the conduit channel is communicated with two ends of the drill rod.
The device for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process is characterized in that: the closed box body is a transparent box body.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for analyzing the gas composition change in the coal drilling process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, processing and manufacturing a coal sample test piece: according to the internal size of the closed box body, a coal sample collected from the underground of a coal mine is made into a cubic coal sample test piece by a rock processing machine;
the length of the coal sample test piece is smaller than the internal length of the closed box body, the width of the coal sample test piece is smaller than the internal width of the closed box body, and the height of the coal sample test piece is smaller than the internal height of the closed box body;
step two, fixing a coal sample test piece: opening a top cover of the closed box body, putting the coal sample test piece into the closed box body, then closing the closed box body, and fixing the coal sample test piece in the closed box body through a fixing regulator; enabling a drill bit of the drill rod to enter the closed box body through the drill rod through hole and cling to the side wall of one side of the coal sample test piece;
step three, drilling the drill rod once: starting a coal drilling machine to drill a drill rod on the coal sample test piece, and closing the coal drilling machine after the drill rod drills into a unit length;
step four, extracting and analyzing components of gas in the coal sample test piece: starting an air extraction pump, extracting gas in the coal sample test piece by an air extraction suction head on an air extraction guide pipe, filtering out particle impurities mixed in the gas by a filter, introducing the filtered gas into a gas drying box for drying treatment, and introducing the dried gas into a chromatographic analyzer for component analysis;
step five, repeating the step three to the step four for multiple times until the gas extracted at the set depth of the drill hole is subjected to component analysis;
step six, comparing and analyzing the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process: and comparing the gas components extracted for many times to obtain the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the device, the coal sample test piece is placed in the closed box body, so that gas extraction is facilitated in the coal body drilling process, and the phenomenon that external gas enters the closed box body and further enters the inside of the drill hole to influence the gas component analysis effect due to the fact that the external gas enters the inside of the closed box body under the negative pressure effect in the gas extraction process in the drill hole is prevented.
2. The device adopted by the invention has wide application range by arranging the fixed regulators at the top and the side of the closed box body, is convenient for fixing the coal sample test piece, is convenient for the drill rod of the coal drilling machine to drill in the coal body, and simultaneously prevents the drill rod from shaking the coal body test piece due to the vibration of the drill rod in the drilling process of the coal body so as to influence the normal drilling of the drilling machine.
3. According to the device, the air exhaust guide pipe is arranged on the drill rod, so that gas in the coal body can be extracted in the coal body drilling process, the gas extracted at different drilling depths can be subjected to gas component comparison analysis, and the positions of a gas enrichment area and a coal spontaneous combustion area in the underground coal mine can be accurately judged.
4. According to the method, a coal sample test piece is placed in a closed box, a drill rod of a coal drilling machine is used for drilling the coal sample test piece to simulate coal body drilling, meanwhile, in the process of drilling the coal drilling machine, gas samples in the drilled hole are extracted for multiple times along with continuous increase of the drilling depth, then the gas samples acquired for multiple times are subjected to component analysis, component change of gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process is obtained, the change situation of the gas components in the drilled hole of the coal body in the drilling process can be reflected more truly, further, gas source analysis in the coal seam mining process is achieved, good guidance is provided, and meanwhile, a convenient and efficient thought is provided for gas extraction in the drilled hole.
In conclusion, the coal mine gas extraction device is reasonable in structural design and simple and convenient in method steps, gas in the coal can be extracted in the coal drilling process, gas component comparison analysis can be conveniently performed on the gas extracted at different drilling depths, the positions of a gas enrichment area and a coal spontaneous combustion area in the coal mine can be accurately judged, the change situation of the gas component in the coal in the drilling process can be truly reflected, good guidance is provided for gas source analysis in the coal mining process, and meanwhile, a convenient and efficient thought is provided for gas extraction in the drilling process.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus employed in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at a.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drill rod of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, sealing a box body; 2, cushion blocks; 3, drilling a rod;
3-1-a drill bit; 4-fixing the regulator; 4-1-screw;
4-2-knob; 4-3-backing plate; 5, a limiting block;
6-an air exhaust duct; 6-1-suction head; 7-an air pump;
8-gas drying oven; 9-a chromatographic analyzer; 10-circular guide sleeve;
11-a sealing ring; 12-an internally threaded sleeve; 13-a filter;
14-a power supply; 15-coal sample test piece.
Detailed Description
The device for analyzing gas composition change in the coal body drilling process as shown in fig. 1 to 3 comprises a cubic closed box body 1 and a coal sample test piece 15 arranged in the closed box body 1, wherein a cushion block 2 for placing the coal sample test piece 15 is arranged at the bottom of the closed box body 1, a drill rod perforation for a drill rod 3 of a coal drilling machine to penetrate through is arranged in the middle of one side of the closed box body 1, a circular guide sleeve 10 for guiding the drill rod 3 is arranged in the closed box body 1, a fixed regulator 4 for fixing the coal sample test piece 15 is respectively arranged at the top and the other sides of the closed box body 1, two limiting blocks 5 for limiting the coal sample test piece 15 are arranged inside one side of the closed box body 1 provided with the drill rod perforation, the two limiting blocks 5 are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the drill rod perforation, and an air exhaust guide pipe 6 is arranged in the drill rod 3 along the length direction, an air suction head 6-1 matched with the air inlet end of the air suction guide pipe 6 is arranged on a drill bit 3-1 of the drill rod 3, an air suction pump 7 connected with the air outlet end of the air suction guide pipe 6 is arranged outside the closed box body 1, a gas drying box 8 is connected onto the air suction pump 7, and a color spectrum analyzer 9 is connected onto the gas drying box 8.
During actual use, the coal sample test piece 15 is placed in the closed box body 1, so that gas extraction is convenient to perform in the coal body drilling process, and the phenomenon that external gas enters the closed box body 1 and then enters the inside of a drill hole to influence the gas component analysis effect due to the negative pressure effect in the gas extraction process in the drill hole is prevented.
It should be noted that, by arranging the fixing regulators 4 at the top and the side of the closed box 1, the application range is wide, and the coal sample test piece 15 is convenient to fix, so that the drill rod 3 of the coal drilling machine can drill in the coal body, and the vibration of the drill rod 3 during the drilling process of the coal body can be prevented from shaking the coal sample test piece 16, thereby affecting the normal drilling of the drilling machine.
During the in-service use, through set up one on drilling rod 3 and bleed duct 6, can take out the gas of taking out in the coal body drilling process, and then be convenient for carry out gas composition contrastive analysis through the gas of taking out to different drilling depths department, and then be convenient for carry out the accuracy to the position of colliery underground gas enrichment region and coal spontaneous combustion region and judge.
In specific implementation, the air suction head 6-1 is internally provided with a filter screen, so that most particles mixed in air can be filtered.
The gas extracted from the borehole can be dried and then subjected to composition analysis by connecting the extraction pump 7 to the extraction duct 6 and connecting the gas drying box 8 and the chromatograph 9 to the extraction pump 7.
In the embodiment, the circular guide sleeve 10 and the drill rod perforation are coaxially arranged, the inner diameter of the circular guide sleeve 10 is matched with the aperture of the drill rod perforation, one end of the circular guide sleeve 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the closed box body 1, and the other end of the circular guide sleeve 10 is tightly attached to one side of the coal sample test piece 15;
the thickness of the limiting block 5 is equal to the length of the circular guide sleeve 10.
During the in-service use, through set up circular guide sleeve 10 in airtight box 1, can lead drilling rod 3, and then can effectively improve drilling quality and drilling efficiency.
It should be noted that, the thickness of the limiting block 5 is equal to the length of the circular guide sleeve 10, and the coal sample test piece 15 can be effectively limited through the limiting block 5, so that the coal sample test piece 16 is prevented from being damaged to the circular guide sleeve 10.
In this embodiment, a sealing ring 11 is disposed inside each of two ends of the circular guiding sleeve 10, and is engaged with the drill rod 3.
During the in-service use, through set up a sealing washer 11 respectively at the both ends of circular uide sleeve 10, the drilling rod 3 of the coal drilling machine of being convenient for drills in coal sample test piece 15, prevents simultaneously to take out gas extraction in the drilling because the negative pressure effect leads to outside gas to get into inside the drilling, influences gas composition analysis effect.
In the embodiment, the fixed regulator 4 comprises a screw rod 4-1, a knob 4-2 arranged at one end of the screw rod 4-1 and a backing plate 4-3 arranged at the other end of the screw rod 4-1, a threaded hole for mounting the screw rod 4-1 is formed in the closed box body 1, the knob 4-2 is arranged outside the closed box body 1, and the backing plate 4-3 is arranged in the closed box body 1;
the middle part of one side of the backing plate 4-3 is provided with a bearing seat for installing the screw rod 4-1, and the screw rod 4-1 is installed in the bearing seat through a bearing.
In practical use, the contact area between the screw rod 4-1 and the coal sample test piece 15 can be increased by arranging the base plate 4-3 at the inner end of the screw rod 4-1, so that the coal sample test piece 15 is prevented from being damaged in the fixing process of the coal sample test piece 15.
It should be noted that the bearing is arranged between the screw rod 4-1 and the backing plate 4-3, so that the screw rod 4-1 can rotate conveniently, when the backing plate 4-3 is attached to the coal sample test piece 15, the screw rod 4-1 can continue to be screwed in for fastening, and the backing plate 4-3 cannot rotate relative to the coal sample test piece 15, so that the influence of the backing plate 4-3 on the surface of the coal sample test piece 15 caused by friction is avoided.
In this embodiment, an internal thread sleeve 12 matched with the screw rod 4-1 is arranged on the inner side of the closed box body 1, one end of the internal thread sleeve 12 is fixed on the inner wall of the closed box body 1, and the internal thread sleeve 12 and the threaded hole are coaxially arranged.
In practical use, the inner side of the closed box body 1 is provided with the internal thread sleeve 12, so that the running stability of the screw rod 4-1 can be improved, and the influence on the stability of the screw rod 4-1 caused by the over-small wall thickness of the closed box body 1 is avoided.
It should be noted that the internal thread of the internally threaded sleeve 12 has the same thread direction as the threaded hole.
In this embodiment, a filter 13 is connected between the suction duct 6 and the suction pump 7.
In practical use, the air outlet end of the air exhaust guide pipe 6 is connected with the air inlet of the air exhaust pump 7 through an air pipe, a filter 13 is installed on the air pipe, and the filter 13 can filter solid particles doped in air.
In this embodiment, a power supply 14 for supplying power to the air pump 7 is further disposed outside the sealed box 1.
In this embodiment, a conduit channel for installing the air exhaust conduit 6 is provided in the drill rod 3, and the conduit channel is communicated with two ends of the drill rod 3.
During the actual use, the exhaust guide pipe 6 is embedded in the drill rod 3, not only can drill along with the drill rod 3, but also can ensure that the exhaust guide pipe 6 is not damaged in the drilling process.
In this embodiment, the sealed box 1 is a transparent box.
During the in-service use, through setting up airtight box 1 into transparent box, can directly perceivedly see the fixed position of coal sample test piece 15, can observe the integrality of drilling in-process coal sample test piece 15 simultaneously.
A method for analyzing gas composition changes in a coal drilling process as shown in fig. 4, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, processing and manufacturing a coal sample test piece: according to the internal size of the closed box body 1, a coal sample collected from the underground of a coal mine is made into a cubic coal sample test piece 15 by a rock processing machine;
the length of the coal sample test piece 15 is smaller than the internal length of the closed box body 1, the width of the coal sample test piece 15 is smaller than the internal width of the closed box body 1, and the height of the coal sample test piece 15 is smaller than the internal height of the closed box body 1;
in actual use, the size of the coal sample test piece 15 is 60cm multiplied by 50cm multiplied by 40cm, and the internal size of the closed box body 1 is 70cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 50 cm; the height of the cushion block 2 is smaller than 10cm, and the length of the circular guide sleeve 10 and the thickness of the limiting block 5 are both smaller than 10 cm.
Step two, fixing a coal sample test piece: opening a top cover of the closed box body 1, putting the coal sample test piece 15 into the closed box body 1, then closing the closed box body 1, and fixing the coal sample test piece 15 in the closed box body 1 through the fixing regulator 4; enabling a drill bit 3-1 of a drill rod 3 to enter the closed box body 1 through the drill rod through hole and cling to the side wall of one side of the coal sample test piece 15;
during the in-service use, airtight box 1 includes upper portion open-ended box and detachable installs the top cap on the box, and the opening part of box is provided with the sealing washer.
It should be noted that, when the coal sample test piece 15 is placed, the coal sample test piece 15 is placed on the cushion block 2, and one side of the closed box body 1 is closely arranged to the limit block 5 and the circular guide sleeve 10.
Step three, drilling the drill rod once: starting the coal drilling machine to drill the drill rod 3 on the coal sample test piece 15, and closing the coal drilling machine after the drill rod 3 drills into a unit length;
during actual use, after the coal drilling machine is started, the drill rod 3 is driven to drill in a rotating mode at a certain drilling speed, the drilling speed of the coal drilling machine is designed to be adjustable, errors are avoided, and meanwhile gas component analysis under different drilling speeds can be simulated.
In specific implementation, the drill rod 3 drills along the length direction of the coal sample test piece 15, the drill rod through holes are distributed in a mode that the drill rod 3 drills along the length direction of the closed box body 1, and the unit drilling length of the drill rod 3 is preferably 2.5 cm.
Step four, extracting and analyzing components of gas in the coal sample test piece: starting the air pump 7, pumping the gas in the coal sample test piece 15 by the air pumping suction head 6-1 on the air pumping guide pipe 6, filtering small particle impurities mixed in the gas by the filter 13, introducing the filtered gas into the gas drying box 8 for drying treatment, and introducing the dried gas into the chromatographic analyzer 9 for component analysis;
during the in-service use, when gas drying cabinet 8 carries out drying process to the gas after filtering, will guarantee at least that gas is dry for 5 minutes in gas drying cabinet 8, guarantee gas drying effect.
Step five, repeating the step three to the step four for multiple times until the gas extracted at the set depth of the drill hole is subjected to component analysis;
in practical use, the step five needs to repeat the step three to the step four 19 times, namely 20 times of gas samples are collected for component analysis, and when the drilling depth reaches the set depth, the drilling depth is 50 cm.
Step six, comparing and analyzing the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process: and comparing the gas components extracted for many times to obtain the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process.
During actual use, a coal sample test piece 15 is placed in the closed box body 1, a drill rod 3 of the coal drilling machine is used for drilling the coal sample test piece 15 to simulate coal body drilling, meanwhile, in the drilling process of the coal drilling machine, along with the continuous increase of the drilling depth, gas samples in the drilled hole are extracted for multiple times, then component analysis is carried out on the gas samples collected for multiple times, component change of gas in the drilling process of the coal sample test piece 15 is obtained, the change situation of gas components in the drilled hole of the coal body in the drilling process can be reflected really, further, in-process gas source analysis of coal seam mining is achieved, good guidance is provided, and meanwhile, a convenient and efficient gas extraction idea in the drilled hole is provided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an analysis coal body drilling in-process gas composition changes's device which characterized in that: the coal sample drilling device comprises a cubic airtight box body (1) and a coal sample test piece (15) arranged in the airtight box body (1), wherein a cushion block (2) for placing the coal sample test piece (15) is arranged at the bottom of the airtight box body (1), a drill rod perforation through which a drill rod (3) of a coal drilling machine passes is formed in the middle of one side of the airtight box body (1), a circular guide sleeve (10) for guiding the drill rod (3) is arranged in the airtight box body (1), a fixing regulator (4) for fixing the coal sample test piece (15) is respectively arranged at the top and other sides of the airtight box body (1), two limiting blocks (5) for limiting the coal sample test piece (15) are arranged inside one side of the airtight box body (1) provided with the drill rod perforation, the two limiting blocks (5) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the drill rod perforation, and an air exhaust guide pipe (6) is arranged in the drill rod (3) along the length direction thereof, the air extracting device is characterized in that an air extracting suction head (6-1) matched with an air inlet end of an air extracting guide pipe (6) is arranged on a drill bit (3-1) of the drill rod (3), an air extracting pump (7) connected with an air outlet end of the air extracting guide pipe (6) is arranged outside the closed box body (1), a gas drying box (8) is connected onto the air extracting pump (7), and a color spectrum analyzer (9) is connected onto the gas drying box (8).
2. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 1, wherein: the circular guide sleeve (10) and the drill rod through hole are coaxially arranged, the inner diameter of the circular guide sleeve (10) is matched with the aperture of the drill rod through hole, one end of the circular guide sleeve (10) is fixed on the inner wall of the closed box body (1), and the other end of the circular guide sleeve (10) is tightly attached to one side of the coal sample test piece (15);
the thickness of the limiting block (5) is equal to the length of the circular guide sleeve (10).
3. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 2, wherein: and a sealing ring (11) matched with the drill rod (3) is respectively arranged inside two ends of the circular guide sleeve (10).
4. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed adjuster (4) comprises a screw rod (4-1), a knob (4-2) arranged at one end of the screw rod (4-1) and a backing plate (4-3) arranged at the other end of the screw rod (4-1), a threaded hole for mounting the screw rod (4-1) is formed in the closed box body (1), the knob (4-2) is arranged outside the closed box body (1), and the backing plate (4-3) is arranged in the closed box body (1);
the middle part of one side of the backing plate (4-3) is provided with a bearing seat for installing the screw rod (4-1), and the screw rod (4-1) is installed in the bearing seat through a bearing.
5. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of coal according to claim 4, wherein: an internal thread sleeve (12) matched with the screw rod (4-1) is arranged on the inner side of the closed box body (1), one end of the internal thread sleeve (12) is fixed on the inner wall of the closed box body (1), and the internal thread sleeve (12) and the threaded hole are coaxially arranged.
6. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 1, wherein: a filter (13) is connected between the air extracting conduit (6) and the air extracting pump (7).
7. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 1, wherein: and a power supply (14) for supplying power to the air pump (7) is also arranged outside the closed box body (1).
8. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 1, wherein: a conduit channel for installing an air exhaust conduit (6) is arranged in the drill rod (3), and the conduit channel is communicated with two ends of the drill rod (3).
9. The apparatus for analyzing the change of gas composition during the drilling of a coal body according to claim 1, wherein: the closed box body (1) is a transparent box body.
10. A method for analyzing gas composition changes during a coal drilling process by using the apparatus of claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, processing and manufacturing a coal sample test piece: according to the internal size of the closed box body (1), a coal sample collected from the underground of a coal mine is made into a cubic coal sample test piece (15) by a rock processing machine;
the length of the coal sample test piece (15) is smaller than the internal length of the closed box body (1), the width of the coal sample test piece (15) is smaller than the internal width of the closed box body (1), and the height of the coal sample test piece (15) is smaller than the internal height of the closed box body (1);
step two, fixing a coal sample test piece: the top cover of the closed box body (1) is opened, the coal sample test piece (15) is placed in the closed box body (1), then the closed box body (1) is closed, and the coal sample test piece (15) is fixed in the closed box body (1) through the fixing regulator (4); enabling a drill bit (3-1) of the drill rod (3) to enter the closed box body (1) through the drill rod through hole and cling to the side wall of one side of the coal sample test piece (15);
step three, drilling the drill rod once: starting the coal drilling machine to drill the drill rod (3) on the coal sample test piece (15), and closing the coal drilling machine after the drill rod (3) drills into a unit length;
step four, extracting and analyzing components of gas in the coal sample test piece: starting an air extracting pump (7), extracting gas in a coal sample test piece (15) by an air extracting suction head (6-1) on an air extracting guide pipe (6), filtering out particle impurities mixed in the gas by a filter (13), introducing the filtered gas into a gas drying box (8) for drying treatment, and introducing the dried gas into a chromatographic analyzer (9) for component analysis;
step five, repeating the step three to the step four for multiple times until the gas extracted at the set depth of the drill hole is subjected to component analysis;
step six, comparing and analyzing the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process: and comparing the gas components extracted for many times to obtain the component change of the gas in the coal sample test piece in the drilling process.
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