CN113719318A - Roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation and risk resolution method based on momentum principle - Google Patents
Roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation and risk resolution method based on momentum principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113719318A CN113719318A CN202110984281.9A CN202110984281A CN113719318A CN 113719318 A CN113719318 A CN 113719318A CN 202110984281 A CN202110984281 A CN 202110984281A CN 113719318 A CN113719318 A CN 113719318A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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Abstract
The application provides a roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation and danger elimination method based on a momentum principle, wherein the roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation method based on the momentum principle comprises the following steps: selecting a detection point at the side part of the roadway; if the detection point is a special high-stress concentration area, judging that the detection point is a high-impact dangerous point; if the detection point is a common high stress concentration area, measuring the width of the projectile body at the detection point; according to the width of the throwing body and the impact risk which are in negative correlation, the risk level of the detection point is judged, and after the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that: can carry out more careful impact danger area in tunnel axial full length, high impact danger point of accurate location makes tunnel rock burst prevention and cure problem focus more, bright, has reduced tunnel rock burst prevention and cure work load by a wide margin, has effectively reduced the scour protection cost.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of roadway impact risk detection, in particular to a roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation and danger elimination method based on a momentum principle.
Background
The method mainly comprises the steps that at home and abroad scholars study the rock burst from the energy perspective, the study time domain is a long-time process from energy accumulation to energy release of the rock burst, the process can last for months, and continuous long-time monitoring of energy is realized by means of monitoring means mainly including microseisms, geophones and stress meters.
However, due to the problems of the scale and frequency of monitoring, the research on the dynamics problem of the impact transient process is very little at present, so that although the existing monitoring means, geological power zoning and the rock burst prediction model constructed based on the energy angle can predict macro areas where rock burst is likely to occur to a certain extent, such as a plurality of roadways and a working surface, the specific impact position of a more detailed range, such as the axial full length of the roadway, cannot be measured. At present, the control of rock burst is mainly based on regional anti-impact, the anti-impact work is comprehensive in a region and spread without difference, the anti-impact workload is huge, and the cost is extremely high.
In fact, roadway rock burst occurs in the form of points, not all impacts of the whole roadway, and the stress environment, the coal seam structure and the conditions of the top and bottom plates of the roadway are different in different positions of the roadway, as shown in fig. 1, the axial direction of the roadway is taken as an abscissa, and the transverse direction of the roadway is taken as an ordinate, and it can be seen that the stress of the side part of the roadway is distributed in a curve along the axial direction of the roadway.
Different impact dangers exist at different positions of the overall length in the axial direction of the roadway, impact danger points are accurately positioned, the method is an important direction for the development of rock burst prevention and control technology, and can be used for effectively supplementing regional outburst prevention measures.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the application aims to provide a roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation and danger elimination method based on the momentum principle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method for evaluating the axial full-length impact risk of the roadway based on the momentum principle comprises the following steps of: selecting a detection point at the side part of the roadway; if the detection point is a special high-stress concentration area, judging that the detection point is a high-impact dangerous point; if the detection point is a common high stress concentration area, measuring the width of a throwing body at the detection point; and judging the danger level of the detection point according to the negative correlation between the width of the throwing body and the impact danger.
The special high stress concentration area comprises a wrinkle area, a fault area and a trap column area.
The detection method of the special high stress concentration area is a direct observation method and/or an electromagnetic wave scanning method.
The general high stress concentration area comprises a coal thickness change area, a coal form variation area, a soft and hard coal interface area and a top plate variation area.
The measuring method of the width of the throwing body is a foundation pile dynamic measuring method and/or a drilling observation method.
After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application compares advantage that has with prior art:
the method has the advantages that more detailed impact danger area division can be carried out on the whole length in the axial direction of the roadway, high impact danger points are accurately positioned, and the prediction accuracy of the rock burst danger is effectively improved;
the system has the advantages that the measurable, preventable and deep focusing of the axial specific impact position of the roadway is realized, the blindness of anti-impact work is reduced, the anti-impact workload is reduced, and the anti-impact cost is greatly reduced;
the method has the advantages of simple use and operation, strong operability, less related parameters, easy monitoring by taking the width of the impact body as a core parameter and easy acquisition of parameters.
The application provides a roadway axial full-length impact danger relieving method based on a momentum principle, which comprises the following steps of: selecting a high impact danger point; and increasing the width of the throwing body at the high impact danger point according to the negative correlation relationship between the width of the throwing body and the impact danger.
The method for increasing the width of the projectile body comprises the following steps: selecting an impact body at the high impact risk point; and breaking the coal body in the impact body from the throwing body.
The crushing method of the coal body comprises a drilling pressure relief method and a coal seam water injection method.
After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application compares advantage that has with prior art:
the method is easy to realize, can quickly remove the danger at the high impact dangerous point, and has high danger removing efficiency;
the principle is simple, the danger relieving thought is clear, and the control efficiency and the control quality of rock burst are effectively improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a diagram of a roadway side stress profile proposed in the background of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a side portion of a roadway according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a roadway side portion in a corrugated configuration according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a roadway with a lateral coal thickness variation zone according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a roadway with a coal morphological variation area on a side thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a roadway with a coal morphological variation area on a side thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a roadway side projectile before the width of the roadway side projectile is not increased according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the roadway side projectile with an increased width according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the application include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
After the tunnel is excavated, a fracture area, a plastic area and an elastic area are sequentially formed from the lateral part of the tunnel along the transverse direction of the tunnel, a stress concentration area exists in the plastic area and the elastic area, a large amount of elastic energy is accumulated in the stress concentration area, when rock burst occurs, a large amount of elastic energy in the stress concentration area is rapidly released, and huge impact energy is thrown into the tunnel at high speed with the coal body on the lateral part of the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 2, a coal body in the stress concentration region is referred to as an impact body, a rock stress region is located on the impact body on the side far away from the roadway, a coal body which is located between the impact body and the roadway and is thrown out in the plastic region is referred to as a throwing body, the stress at the impact body is large, the stress at the throwing body is small, and generally, the stress concentration coefficient of the impact body is more than 1.4.
Because the face of the throwing body has the pressure relief effect, the throwing body has relatively developed cracks and poor integrity relative to the impact body, wherein the face is the side face of the roadway and is also the side face of the throwing body.
The impact is a transient dynamic process, the elastic energy of the impact body is released at the moment of impact, and the impact generates huge thrust on the throwing body to promote the throwing body to throw out, so that the initial speed is generated, and the throwing body has initial momentum.
According to the momentum conservation formula Ft-mv, v-Ft/m can be obtained, where Ft is the impulse provided by the impact body, i.e. the momentum possessed by the projectile body, m is the mass of the projectile body, and v is the initial velocity of the projectile body, where the higher the stress concentration degree of the impact body is, the more elastic energy is accumulated in the impact body, and the larger Ft is.
The throwing body is in a two-dimensional stress state under the clamping action of the top plate, the bottom plate and the impact body, the momentum direction of the throwing body is considered to be always towards the center of the roadway, if the mass of the throwing body is large enough, and the initial throwing speed v of the throwing body is extremely low under the good clamping action of the top plate and the bottom plate, the impact risk disappears.
Based on the above principle, the initial velocity v of the projectile is positively correlated with the impact risk a during the moment of impact, and since v is Ft/m in the above-obtained formula, the roadway impact risk evaluation model a is positively correlated with Ft/m, and it can be understood that when m is a fixed quantity, a is positively correlated with Ft, that is, the impact risk is higher as the impulse of the projectile is larger, and when Ft is a fixed quantity, a is negatively correlated with m, that is, the mass of the projectile is smaller, the impact risk is higher.
Meanwhile, m is rho V, rho is the density of the projectile body, V is the volume of the projectile body, and the density of the projectile body is close to quantitative, so that m and V are in positive correlation, namely the smaller the volume of the projectile body is, the larger the mass of the projectile body is, and the higher the impact risk is.
In addition, since the projectile body is stably clamped by the top plate, the bottom plate and the impact body, the volume V of the projectile body is positively correlated with the width w thereof, and the direction of the width w is in the transverse direction of the roadway.
Further, since the higher the stress concentration, the stronger the coal carrying capacity, it is considered that Ft is positively correlated with 1/m, and from the positive correlation between A and Ft/m, A and 1/m2And (4) positively correlating.
It follows that a is inversely related to w, i.e. the smaller the width of the projectile, the higher the risk of impact.
It can be understood that roadway rock burst occurs in the form of points, the risk of rock burst at a certain position can be evaluated by measuring the width of a projectile, the prediction of rock burst is focused on the points, and the possibility of rock burst occurring is changed from undetectable to measurable.
Based on the principle, the embodiment of the application provides a roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation method based on the momentum principle, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a detection point at the side part of the roadway;
if the detection point is a special high-stress concentration area, judging that the detection point is a high-impact dangerous point;
if the detection point is a common high stress concentration area, measuring the width of the projectile body at the detection point;
and judging the danger level of the detection point according to the negative correlation between the width of the throwing body and the impact danger.
When the detection point at the side part of the roadway is selected, the detection point can be at any position of the side part of the roadway.
In order to improve the detection efficiency, the detection point can be selected in an impact dangerous area, namely a dangerous area with a large area obtained by detecting the side part of the roadway in a traditional mode, and a high impact dangerous point in the impact dangerous area can be evaluated through the selected position of the detection point so as to be processed in a targeted mode.
The special high stress concentration area includes a wrinkle area, a fault area and a collapse column area, and the wrinkle area, the fault area and the collapse column area have obvious special structural features and can cause local roadway stress concentration, and the special high stress concentration area can be directly regarded as a high impact dangerous point, taking a wrinkle structure as an example, as shown in fig. 3.
Meanwhile, special high-stress concentration areas such as folds, faults, collapse columns and the like are easy to identify in the process of roadway excavation or working face mining, so that a direct observation method can be adopted, an electromagnetic wave scanning method can be adopted according to the field condition, or the direct observation method and the electromagnetic wave scanning method are combined for use, wherein detection equipment using the electromagnetic wave scanning method comprises an electromagnetic wave CT (computed tomography) geophysical prospecting instrument and the like.
The general high stress concentration area comprises a coal thickness change area, a coal form variation area, a soft and hard coal interface area and a top plate variation area.
It is relatively easy to judge that special high stress concentration areas such as fold, fault, collapse post are rock burst danger point, to general high stress concentration areas such as coal thickness change area, coal morphism variable region, soft or hard coal border area, roof differentiation district, although it can cause local tunnel stress concentration equally, nevertheless difficult quilt is surveyed, for example: a region of varying coal thickness, as shown in FIG. 4; the coal morphotropic regions are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
Therefore, according to the principle that the width of the throwing body is in negative correlation with the impact risk, the width of the throwing body at the detection point is directly measured, and the risk level of the detection point can be judged.
The method for measuring the width of the throwing body can be a foundation pile dynamic measurement method, a drilling observation method or a combination of the foundation pile dynamic measurement method and the drilling observation method.
The detection equipment using the foundation pile dynamic measurement method includes a foundation pile dynamic measurement instrument and the like.
The drilling observation method is to directly drill holes at detection points, judge the positions of impact bodies at the side parts of the roadway according to the resistance of the drilled holes, the development degree of cracks and the like, and the distance between the side parts of the roadway and the impact bodies is the width of the throwing body.
By the evaluation method, more detailed impact dangerous area division can be carried out on the whole length in the axial direction of the roadway, high impact dangerous points are accurately positioned, the problem of preventing and controlling roadway rock burst is more focused and clear, the workload of preventing and controlling roadway rock burst is greatly reduced, and the anti-impact cost is effectively reduced.
Based on the principle, the embodiment of the application also provides a roadway axial full-length impact danger-relieving method based on the momentum principle, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a high impact danger point;
and increasing the width of the throwing body at the high impact danger point according to the negative correlation relationship between the width of the throwing body and the impact danger.
The high impact risk point is judged by the roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation method based on the momentum principle.
Since the width of the projectile is inversely related to the impact risk, directly increasing the width of the projectile reduces the impact risk of the projectile.
The method for increasing the width of the throwing body comprises the following steps:
selecting an impact body at a high impact danger point;
and breaking the coal body in the impact body from the throwing body.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, since the projectile body is located between the roadway and the impact body, if the width of the projectile body is to be increased, the projectile body can only be extended to the impact body adjacent to the projectile body, and meanwhile, since the impact body and the projectile body are distinguished according to the magnitude of the stress concentration coefficient, the impact body can be converted into the projectile body by reducing the stress in the impact body, so that the increase of the width of the projectile body is realized, and the impulse in the impact body can also be reduced.
After the coal body is crushed, fragments in the coal body are increased, and therefore the internal stress of the coal body is reduced.
The crushing method of the coal body comprises a drilling pressure relief method and a coal seam water injection method.
The drilling pressure relief method is to directly crush the coal in the impact body in a drilling mode, thereby realizing the reduction of stress.
The coal bed water injection method is to inject a large amount of water into the impact body, so that the humidity of the coal body in the impact body is increased, and the coal body with increased humidity is easier to break under the action of stress, thereby realizing the reduction of stress.
By the danger relieving method, danger at high impact dangerous points can be relieved quickly, rock burst in a roadway can be effectively prevented and controlled, and safety in the roadway is guaranteed.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes other implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A roadway axial full-length impact risk evaluation method based on a momentum principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a detection point at the side part of the roadway;
if the detection point is a special high-stress concentration area, judging that the detection point is a high-impact dangerous point;
if the detection point is a common high stress concentration area, measuring the width of a throwing body at the detection point;
and judging the danger level of the detection point according to the negative correlation between the width of the throwing body and the impact danger.
2. The method for evaluating the axial full-length impact risk of the roadway based on the momentum principle according to claim 1, wherein the special high stress concentration areas comprise a wrinkle area, a fault area and a trap column area.
3. The evaluation method for the axial full-length impact danger of the roadway based on the momentum principle according to claim 2, wherein the detection method of the special high stress concentration area is a direct observation method and/or an electromagnetic wave scanning method.
4. The method for evaluating the axial full-length impact risk of the roadway based on the momentum principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the general high stress concentration area comprises a coal thickness change area, a coal morphological variation area, a soft and hard coal interface area and a top plate differentiation area.
5. The evaluation method for the axial full-length impact risk of the roadway based on the momentum principle according to claim 4, wherein the measurement method for the width of the throwing body is a foundation pile dynamic measurement method and/or a drilling observation method.
6. A roadway axial full-length impact danger relieving method based on a momentum principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a high impact danger point;
and increasing the width of the throwing body at the high impact danger point according to the negative correlation relationship between the width of the throwing body and the impact danger.
7. The axial full-length impact danger relieving method for the roadway based on the momentum principle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the width increasing method for the throwing body comprises the following steps:
selecting an impact body at the high impact risk point;
and breaking the coal body in the impact body from the throwing body.
8. The axial full-length impact danger relieving method for the roadway based on the momentum principle of claim 7 is characterized in that the crushing method for the coal body comprises a drilling pressure relief method and a coal seam water injection method.
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