CN113717770B

CN113717770B - Metal processing oil

Info

Publication number: CN113717770B
Application number: CN202010448915.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨超; 刘中国; 魏朝良; 邵腾飞
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-25
Filing date: 2020-05-25
Publication date: 2022-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-25
Also published as: CN113717770A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-odor environment-friendly metal processing oil composition, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1 to 10 percent of oiliness agent; extreme pressure agent 0.1-10%; 2-11% of an antirust agent; 0.1 to 1 percent of anti-oil mist agent; 0.1-10% of ionic liquid; the balance of base oil; the invention is characterized in that mineral oil is used as base oil, and an environment-friendly metal processing oil composition which has low odor, does not contain chlorine and phosphorus elements, has excellent extreme pressure lubrication performance, long service life and long-acting antirust performance is developed through a choline lipoic acid ionic liquid compound system and calcium sulfonate compound systems with different base numbers.

Description

Metal processing oil

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, in particular a composition suitable for use as a lubricant in a metal working process.

Background

The metal processing oil is a liquid which plays a role in lubricating and cooling between a cutter and a workpiece in metal processing processes, such as metal cutting, grinding, stamping, drawing and the like, is prepared by adding various additives into base oil and scientifically compounding, and has the characteristics of good lubricating property, cooling property, antirust property and the like. The selection of proper metal cutting oil plays an important role in reducing the friction of the metal surface during cutting machining, reducing the adhesion between a cutter and chips, reducing the thermal deformation of a workpiece, keeping the machining precision, and improving the durability and the production efficiency of the cutter.

However, the metal processing oil has the following problems in the use process: one, many metalworking oils use chlorine-or phosphorus-containing additives as extreme pressure agent components, but chlorine-or phosphorus-containing metalworking oils pose significant toxicity and environmental hazards when disposed of afterward, and many countries have restricted the use of chlorine-or phosphorus-containing additives. But because the chlorine and phosphorus-containing additives are cheap, the additives are still used in a large amount in the formula of the metal processing oil at present; secondly, vegetable oil containing unsaturated bonds is used as an oiliness agent in many metal processing oils, and the oil is easy to oxidize and deteriorate, so that the cutting oil acid value is increased, jelly is generated, a filter screen is blocked, parts of a machine tool are rusted, the processing precision and the processing efficiency of the machine tool are influenced, and the service life of the cutting oil is shortened; third, products sold in the market generally have large oil smell and large oil mist amount, and great potential safety hazards are brought to the production process; fourth, the common metal processing oil products have limited antirust performance, cannot provide long-term antirust protection for workpieces, and only can provide short-time inter-process antirust effect.

Many reports about environment-friendly cutting oil exist, and CN103242941A discloses environment-friendly cutting oil which mainly comprises synthetic ester, poly-alpha-olefin, fatty alcohol and the like, and the product is biodegradable, non-toxic and harmless to human bodies and ecological environments and meets the requirements of relevant environmental indexes. But the formula does not contain extreme pressure agent, has limited extreme pressure lubricity and antirust performance, and can not meet the requirements of processing with larger load or long-term antirust of processed workpieces. CN106350164B discloses an environment-friendly cutting oil, which mainly comprises a chlorine-free extreme pressure agent, modified vegetable oil and the like, has the characteristics of easy biodegradation and excellent extreme pressure lubrication performance, but has limited service life of oil products and limited rust prevention period for workpieces.

With the rapid development of the mechanical manufacturing industry in China, the requirements of machining enterprises on metal processing oil are higher and higher, and the environment, health and safety of China are more and more emphasized. The metal processing oil which is environment-friendly, low in odor, low in oil mist, free of chlorine and phosphorus elements, excellent in extreme pressure lubrication performance, long in service life and long in long-acting antirust performance is a technical problem to be solved in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems brought forward by the technical background and the defects of the prior technical scheme, the invention provides the metal processing oil composition which is environment-friendly, low in smell, low in oil mist, free of chlorine and phosphorus elements, excellent in extreme pressure lubricating property, long in service life and long in long-acting antirust property.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the low-odor environment-friendly metal processing oil composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-10% of an oily lubricant; extreme pressure agent 0.1-10%; 2-11% of an antirust agent; 0.1 to 1 percent of anti-oil mist agent; 0.1-10% of ionic liquid; the balance of base oil;

in order to achieve the purpose, the ionic liquid is creatively used as a lubricant, an antioxidant and a rust inhibitor of the metal processing oil. Preferably, the ionic liquid is choline lipoic acid ionic liquid, and has the following structure:

the choline lipoic acid ionic liquid has the following characteristics: (1) the liquid state temperature range is wide, the choline lipoic acid ionic liquid can still keep a liquid state at the temperature of more than 300 ℃, the stability is high, the choline lipoic acid ionic liquid has extremely low volatility, no odor and no combustibility, and therefore, the odor-free oil product is ensured, and the volatility is low; (2) the oil product has excellent antioxidant effect and strong dissolving capacity, can be effectively dispersed, and can solubilize the impurities such as oil sludge, coking substances and the like generated by aging in the using process of the oil product, so that the oil product has long service life; (3) has excellent oil film strength, and can provide excellent lubricating property and long-acting antirust property for oil products. The oil film is subjected to strong physical adsorption on the metal wear surface under the action of electrostatic force, so that the oil film is stable and compact, and excellent lubricating performance and durable antirust performance are provided for oil products. At higher temperature, the lubricating oil easily generates a tribochemical action with the surface of a friction pair to form a boundary lubricating film with higher bearing capacity and wear resistance, thereby effectively playing an extreme pressure lubricating role.

The base oil component is mineral base oil, is mainly used as a carrier of an additive, and is preferably at least one of refined No. 10 transformer oil, refined No. 40 transformer oil, refined No. 35 transformer oil, refined No. 30 transformer oil and refined paraffin base oil 60N, 70N, 100N, 150SN and 400 SN.

The oily lubricant component of the present invention is preferably one or more of tall oil fatty acid, oleic acid, and C21 dibasic acid.

The extreme pressure agent component is preferably one or more of sulfurized animal oil, sulfurized triglyceride, sulfurized olefin and sulfurized fatty acid methyl ester.

The antirust agent component is preferably compounded by low-base-number calcium sulfonate and high-base-number calcium sulfonate in proportion. The calcium sulfonate can effectively disperse impurities such as oil sludge, coked substances and the like generated in the using process of the oil product, so that the oil product is kept in a good state. And the low-base-number calcium sulfonate can provide excellent antirust performance for oil products, and the high-base-number calcium sulfonate can act synergistically with an extreme pressure additive to enhance the extreme pressure lubricating performance of the oil products. Particularly preferably, the ratio range of the low-base number calcium sulfonate to the high-base number calcium sulfonate is as follows: 1: 80-8: 1.

The anti-oil mist agent of the invention is preferably polyisobutylene, the average molecular weight is more than or equal to 1500, and particularly preferably PIB 6240.

The gain effect of the invention is as follows:

the invention uses the choline lipoic acid ionic liquid as a lubricant, an antioxidant and an antirust agent of metal processing oil. And the anti-rust performance, the extreme pressure lubrication performance and the cleaning and dispersing performance of the metal processing oil are enhanced by compounding the calcium sulfonate additives. The prepared oil has the following characteristics:

(1) the ionic liquid selected by the metal processing oil is an additive with extremely low volatility, and the product has extremely low odor. And the product has the characteristic of low oil mist, and creates a healthy and safe working environment for workers of machining enterprises.

(2) The metal processing oil product of the invention does not contain toxic, environment-friendly and difficult-to-degrade additive components such as chlorine, phosphorus and the like, and belongs to an environment-friendly product scheme. The post-treatment of the waste oil is easy.

(3) The metal processing oil product disclosed by the invention has excellent lubricity, can better protect a cutter, improves the working efficiency of the cutter and prolongs the service life of the cutter.

(4) The metal processing oil disclosed by the invention has excellent antirust sealing performance, and can provide long-term sealing antirust protection for the workpiece after the workpiece is processed.

(5) The metal processing oil disclosed by the invention has excellent oxidation resistance, can prolong the service life of an oil product, and reduces the use cost of the oil product of a machining enterprise.

Detailed Description

The following examples illustrate the invention in detail: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The blending process of the low-odor environment-friendly metal processing lubricant disclosed by the invention is as follows:

(1) the components are respectively measured according to the proportion for standby;

(2) putting the base oil into a blending kettle, stirring and heating to 40-50 ℃;

(3) adding antirust agent and anti-oil mist agent, stirring for 20-30 min;

(4) sequentially adding an extreme pressure antiwear agent, a lubricant and an ionic liquid, stirring each component for 20-30min after adding one component until complete disintegration, and then adding the next component;

(5) after all the components are completely added, keeping the temperature at 40-50 ℃ and stirring for more than 1 h;

(6) filtering with bag filter with precision of 3 μm, packaging and storing.

Example 1

In this example, the components and amounts added are shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1

Produced according to the above-mentioned modulation process.

Example 2

In this example, the components and amounts added are shown in Table 2 below:

TABLE 2

Produced according to the above-mentioned modulation process.

Example 3

In this example, the components and amounts added are shown in Table 3 below:

TABLE 3

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Example 4

In this example, the components and amounts added are shown in Table 4 below:

TABLE 4

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Example 5

In this example, the components and amounts added are shown in Table 5 below:

TABLE 5

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Example 6

In this example, the components and amounts added are shown in Table 6 below:

TABLE 6

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 is the scheme of example 6 without the addition of choline lipoic acid ionic liquid, and the components and the addition amounts are shown in table 7 below:

TABLE 7

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 is the case of example 6 without the addition of low base number calcium sulfonate, and the components and amounts added are shown in table 8 below:

TABLE 8

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 is the case of example 6 without the addition of overbased calcium sulfonate, the components and amounts added are shown in table 9 below:

TABLE 9

Produced according to the above-mentioned preparation process.

Comparative example 4

Comparative example 4 is a commercially available common metal working oil.

The test method shows that the important oil performance test methods are all the existing standard methods: the service life of the oil product is determined by a rotary oxygen bomb (150 ℃) method (a standard method ASTM D2272); the extreme pressure lubricity of the oil is tested by adopting a four-ball tester to test a PB value (standard method GB/T3142); the test methods of the antirust performance of the oil product are a damp-heat test (A grade) (standard method GB/T2361), liquid-phase rust (standard method ASTM D665B) and a salt spray test (A grade) (standard method SH/T0081). The results of the performance tests are shown in table 10 below:

watch 10

From the above results, it can be seen that the metal processing oil of the present invention has excellent lubricating, rust-preventing and oxidation-resisting properties, and the oil product has a long service life and a long rust-preventing period, and is also a low-odor, environment-friendly metal processing oil.

Claims

1. The metal processing oil is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-10% of an oily lubricant; extreme pressure agent 0.1-10%; 2-11% of an antirust agent; 0.1 to 1 percent of anti-oil mist agent; 0.1-10% of ionic liquid; the balance of base oil;

wherein the ionic liquid is choline lipoic acid ionic liquid and has the following structure:

the antirust agent is compounded by low-base-number calcium sulfonate and high-base-number calcium sulfonate in a ratio of 1: 80-8: 1.

2. The metal processing oil of claim 1, wherein the oily lubricant is at least one of tall oil fatty acid, oleic acid, and C21 dibasic acid.

3. The metalworking oil of claim 1, wherein the extreme pressure agent is at least one of a sulfurized animal oil, a sulfurized triglyceride, a sulfurized olefin, and a sulfurized fatty acid methyl ester.

4. The metal working oil of claim 1, wherein the anti-misting agent is polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 1500 or more.

5. The metal working oil of claim 4, wherein the anti-misting agent is PIB 6240.

6. The metal processing oil of claim 1, wherein the base oil is a mineral base oil.

7. The metal processing oil according to claim 6, wherein the base oil is at least one of refined No. 10 transformer oil, No. 40 transformer oil, No. 35 transformer oil, No. 30 transformer oil, refined paraffin-based base oil 60N, 70N, 100N, 150SN, 400 SN.