CN113716937A - Granite-like ceramic tile taking domestic ceramic waste porcelain as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Granite-like ceramic tile taking domestic ceramic waste porcelain as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial granite ceramic tile using domestic ceramic waste porcelain as raw material, which is composed of base material and additive; the base material comprises 50-90 wt% of domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles and 10-50 wt% of high-temperature inorganic binder; the additives are a low-temperature organic adhesive and water, and the use amounts of the additives are 0.5-5 wt% and 3-10 wt% of the base material respectively; the high-temperature inorganic binder comprises the following raw materials of 10-30 wt% of kaolin, 30-60 wt% of potassium feldspar, 5-20 wt% of dolomite, 10-30 wt% of quartz, 1-10 wt% of titanium dioxide and 1-15 wt% of aluminum oxide; the low-temperature organic adhesive is one or the combination of water-soluble acrylic acid, CMC, Arabic gum, dextrin powder and starch. In addition, the preparation method of the granite-imitated ceramic tile taking the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material is also disclosed. Through the formula design, the invention not only improves the utilization rate of the waste porcelain and reduces the use of color materials and other mineral raw materials, but also has simple process and low production cost, and is beneficial to efficiently, environmentally-friendly, economically and environmentally-friendly recycling of the domestic ceramic waste porcelain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramic materials, in particular to an artificial granite ceramic tile used as a floor tile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
How to recycle waste porcelain with high efficiency is a difficult problem which troubles enterprises and governments. At present, the waste porcelain recycling research of the building sanitary ceramics is more in application, and the utilization rate of the waste porcelain recycling research is mostly 20-50 wt%. For example, the imitated natural granite ceramic tile is obtained by preparing the waste ceramic powder into black, red and brown suspension slurry, and then spraying the slurry with three colors on a ceramic tile blank for firing. Or, the ceramic waste, the fly ash and the vanadium ore tailings are used as main materials, slurry obtained by wet ball milling is subjected to spray granulation, and then compression molding and firing are carried out to obtain the environment-friendly ceramic floor tile. And for another example, the waste porcelain is used as a raw material and is ball-milled with other minerals to form slurry with the fineness of 3-5% of the residual powder of a 250-mesh sieve, and then the slurry is sprayed, granulated, pressed, molded and fired to obtain the glazed brick.
The waste porcelain recycling technology mainly aims at daily and building ceramic wastes, basically needs to crush and ball mill the waste porcelain to a certain fineness and recycle the waste porcelain together with other minerals, and has a complex process. In addition, for the recycling of the waste ceramics of the domestic ceramics, particularly the Jingdezhen domestic ceramics with high firing temperature (1280-1320 ℃), rich glaze color and high hardness, no mature and stable technical recycling means with simple process exists at present.
The granite-like ceramic tile has the texture and the color tone of natural granite, not only has more gorgeous and diversified colors than the natural granite, but also can be paved into various patterns in different specifications, so that the granite-like ceramic tile is widely applied to squares, high-grade hotels, buildings, gardens, villas, paving floors on two sides of roads, parking lots and the like, and is increasingly popular in the market. The prior granite-like ceramic tile production process mainly comprises the steps of distributing blanks and color spots according to a certain distribution mode, carrying out press forming and firing, wherein the color spots need to be independently prepared by white mud and pigments, so that the process difficulty and the production cost are increased, and the requirement of environmental protection is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the granite-like ceramic tile taking the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material, and through the formula design, the utilization rate of the waste porcelain is improved, and the use of pigments and other mineral raw materials is reduced, so that the domestic ceramic waste porcelain can be efficiently, green, economically and environmentally recovered. The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the artificial granite ceramic tile taking the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an artificial granite ceramic tile taking daily ceramic waste porcelain as a raw material, which consists of a base material and an additive; the base material comprises 50-90 wt% of domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles and 10-50 wt% of high-temperature inorganic binder; the additives are a low-temperature organic adhesive and water, and the use amounts of the additives are 0.5-5 wt% and 3-10 wt% of the base material respectively; the high-temperature inorganic binder comprises the following raw materials of 10-30 wt% of kaolin, 30-60 wt% of potassium feldspar, 5-20 wt% of dolomite, 10-30 wt% of quartz, 1-10 wt% of titanium dioxide and 1-15 wt% of aluminum oxide; the low-temperature organic adhesive is one or the combination of water-soluble acrylic acid, CMC, Arabic gum, dextrin powder and starch.
Furthermore, the domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles are obtained by crushing and classifying domestic ceramic waste porcelain with the sintering temperature of 1250-1320 ℃, and the waste porcelain particles with the particle sizes of 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.5-2 mm and 2-4 mm respectively account for 40-60 wt%, 20-40 wt% and 10-30 wt%.
The other purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of an artificial granite ceramic tile taking domestic ceramic waste porcelain as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature inorganic binder powder and the low-temperature organic binder powder into a mixer for primary dry mixing, and then putting the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles into the mixer for secondary dry mixing to obtain a mixed material;
(2) stirring and mixing the mixed material and water in a stirrer, and ageing to obtain a material to be dry-pressed;
(3) carrying out dry pressing molding on the material to be subjected to dry pressing to obtain a blank body; and drying the blank, and then firing at a high temperature, wherein the sintering temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 hours, so as to obtain the granite-like ceramic tile.
In the scheme, the time for primary dry mixing in the step (1) of the preparation method is 1-2 hours, and the time for secondary dry mixing is 2-5 hours.
Further, in the preparation method, the water in the step (2) is added in a mode of uniformly spraying the water into the mixed material while stirring; and after spraying, continuously stirring and mixing for 1-5 h, and then aging for 12-24 h.
In the scheme, the pressure of the dry pressing in the step (3) of the preparation method is 5-40 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1-5 min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the granite-like ceramic tile takes the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material, the waste porcelain recycling process is simple, and the waste porcelain utilization rate is high. The daily ceramic waste ceramic particles are used as the color spots of the granite-like ceramic tile, so that the use of pigments and other mineral raw materials is reduced, the raw material cost is saved, the environmental pollution of waste ceramic is reduced, the daily ceramic waste ceramic recycling technology is efficient, green, economic and environment-friendly, and a new way is provided for the utilization of the daily ceramic waste ceramic with rich colors.
(2) The invention forms a high-viscosity, high-strength and high-wear-resistance glass-like body by using a high-temperature inorganic binder, wraps daily ceramic waste porcelain particles which are irregularly distributed in size and color and have rich diversity to form a granite-like texture, and the prepared granite-like ceramic tile whole body has the granite texture and excellent performance, wherein the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 1.5%, the compressive strength is more than 89MPa, and the flexural strength is more than 17 MPa.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution and adhesion of waste ceramic particles in an artificial granite ceramic tile according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an appearance view of an artificial granite ceramic tile prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
1. the granite-like ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material comprises a base material and an additive; the raw material composition of the base material is 55 wt% of domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles and 45 wt% of high-temperature inorganic binder; the additives are low-temperature organic adhesive and water, and the dosage of the additives is 1 wt% and 4 wt% of the base material respectively.
The domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles are obtained by crushing and classifying domestic ceramic waste porcelain with the sintering temperature of 1250-1320 ℃, wherein the domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles with the particle sizes of 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.5-2 mm and 2-4 mm respectively account for 45 wt%, 30 wt% and 25 wt%.
The raw material composition of the high-temperature inorganic binder is 12 wt% of kaolin, 55 wt% of potassium feldspar, 8 wt% of dolomite, 22 wt% of quartz, 1.5 wt% of titanium dioxide and 1.5 wt% of aluminum oxide.
The low-temperature organic adhesive is starch.
2. The preparation method of the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature inorganic binder powder and the low-temperature organic binder powder into a mixer for primary dry mixing for 2 hours, and then putting the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles into the mixer for secondary dry mixing for 3 hours to obtain a mixed material;
(2) pouring the mixed material into an open stirrer for low-speed stirring, uniformly spraying water into the mixed material by using a spraying pot while stirring, sealing the opening of the stirrer after spraying is finished, continuously stirring at low speed for 4 hours, and ageing for 12 hours to obtain a material to be dry-pressed;
(3) carrying out dry pressing molding on the material to be subjected to dry pressing at the pressure of 10MPa for 2min to obtain a blank body; and drying the blank, and then firing at a high temperature, wherein the sintering temperature is 1180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5h, so that the granite-imitated ceramic tile is prepared.
Example two:
1. the granite-like ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material comprises a base material and an additive; the raw material composition of the base material is 68 wt% of domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles and 32 wt% of high-temperature inorganic binder; the additives are low-temperature organic adhesive and water, and the dosage of the additives is respectively 2.5 wt% and 5.5 wt% of the base material.
The domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles are obtained by crushing and classifying domestic ceramic waste porcelain with the sintering temperature of 1250-1320 ℃, and the domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles with the particle sizes of 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.5-2 mm and 2-4 mm respectively account for 52 wt%, 24 wt% and 24 wt%.
The raw material composition of the high-temperature inorganic binder is 16 wt% of kaolin, 48 wt% of potassium feldspar, 6 wt% of dolomite, 25 wt% of quartz, 2 wt% of titanium dioxide and 3 wt% of aluminum oxide.
The low-temperature organic binder is CMC.
2. The preparation method of the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature inorganic binder powder and the low-temperature organic binder powder into a mixer for primary dry mixing for 1h, and then putting the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles into the mixer for secondary dry mixing for 2h to obtain a mixed material;
(2) pouring the mixed material into an open stirrer for low-speed stirring, uniformly spraying water into the mixed material by using a spraying pot while stirring, sealing the opening of the stirrer after spraying is finished, continuously stirring at low speed for 1h, and ageing for 12h to obtain a material to be dry-pressed;
(3) carrying out dry pressing molding on the material to be subjected to dry pressing at the pressure of 15MPa for 3min to obtain a blank body; and drying the blank, and then firing at high temperature, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1h, so that the granite-imitated ceramic tile is prepared.
Example three:
1. the granite-like ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material comprises a base material and an additive; the raw material composition of the base material is 85 wt% of domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles and 15 wt% of high-temperature inorganic binder; the additives are low-temperature organic adhesive and water, and the dosage of the additives is respectively 4 wt% and 6 wt% of the base material.
The domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles are obtained by crushing and classifying domestic ceramic waste porcelain with the sintering temperature of 1250-1320 ℃, wherein the domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles with the particle sizes of 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.5-2 mm and 2-4 mm respectively account for 55 wt%, 33 wt% and 12 wt%.
The raw material composition of the high-temperature inorganic binder is 26 wt% of kaolin, 32 wt% of potassium feldspar, 14 wt% of dolomite, 11 wt% of quartz, 6 wt% of titanium dioxide and 11 wt% of aluminum oxide.
The low-temperature organic adhesive is dextrin powder.
2. The preparation method of the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature inorganic binder powder and the low-temperature organic binder powder into a mixer for primary dry mixing for 1h, and then putting the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles into the mixer for secondary dry mixing for 5h to obtain a mixed material;
(2) pouring the mixed material into an open stirrer for low-speed stirring, uniformly spraying water into the mixed material by using a spraying pot while stirring, sealing the opening of the stirrer after spraying is finished, continuously stirring at low speed for 5 hours, and ageing for 24 hours to obtain a material to be dry-pressed;
(3) carrying out dry pressing molding on the material to be subjected to dry pressing at the pressure of 20MPa for 2min to obtain a blank body; and drying the blank, and then firing at high temperature, wherein the sintering temperature is 1235 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours, so that the granite-imitated ceramic tile is prepared.
The low-temperature organic binder in the embodiment of the invention is completely combusted and carbonized at high temperature, while the high-temperature inorganic binder forms a high-viscosity, high-strength and high-wear-resistance glass-like body to wrap the domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles (see figure 1), and the size and color of the domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles are irregularly distributed and rich in diversity, so that a granite-like texture is formed under the wrapping of the glass-like body, the obtained granite-like ceramic tile has a granite texture (see figure 2), and the performance indexes of the granite-like ceramic tile are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance index of the granite-like ceramic tiles prepared in the examples of the present invention
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an use imitative granite ceramic tile of domestic ceramics waste porcelain as raw materials which characterized in that: consists of a base material and an additive; the base material comprises 50-90 wt% of domestic ceramic waste porcelain particles and 10-50 wt% of high-temperature inorganic binder; the additives are a low-temperature organic adhesive and water, and the use amounts of the additives are 0.5-5 wt% and 3-10 wt% of the base material respectively; the high-temperature inorganic binder comprises the following raw materials of 10-30 wt% of kaolin, 30-60 wt% of potassium feldspar, 5-20 wt% of dolomite, 10-30 wt% of quartz, 1-10 wt% of titanium dioxide and 1-15 wt% of aluminum oxide; the low-temperature organic adhesive is one or the combination of water-soluble acrylic acid, CMC, Arabic gum, dextrin powder and starch.
2. The granite-imitated ceramic tile made of the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles are obtained by crushing and classifying domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles with the sintering temperature of 1250-1320 ℃, and the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles with the particle sizes of 0.1-0.5 mm, 0.5-2 mm and 2-4 mm respectively account for 40-60 wt%, 20-40 wt% and 10-30 wt%.
3. The method for preparing the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature inorganic binder powder and the low-temperature organic binder powder into a mixer for primary dry mixing, and then putting the domestic ceramic waste ceramic particles into the mixer for secondary dry mixing to obtain a mixed material;
(2) stirring and mixing the mixed material and water in a stirrer, and ageing to obtain a material to be dry-pressed;
(3) carrying out dry pressing molding on the material to be subjected to dry pressing to obtain a blank body; and drying the blank, and then firing at a high temperature, wherein the sintering temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5-2 hours, so as to obtain the granite-like ceramic tile.
4. The method for preparing the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the time for primary dry mixing is 1-2 hours, and the time for secondary dry mixing is 2-5 hours.
5. The method for preparing the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water in the step (2) is added in a mode of uniformly spraying water into the mixed material while stirring; and after spraying, continuously stirring and mixing for 1-5 h, and then aging for 12-24 h.
6. The method for preparing the granite-imitated ceramic tile using the domestic ceramic waste porcelain as the raw material according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure of the dry pressing in the step (3) is 5-40 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 1-5 min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113943144A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-18 | 江西省建筑卫生陶瓷质量监督检验中心 | Solid waste ceramic tile and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1931782A (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2007-03-21 | 佛山市乐华陶瓷有限公司 | Making process of outer wall decorating tile with watertight surface and stone feeling |
| CN103351165A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-16 | 天津大学 | Porous ceramic prepared by adopting different inorganic binders and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109694237A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-30 | 佛山生态海绵城市科技发展有限公司 | A kind of surface layer blank and its preparation method and application being used to prepare artificial granite water-permeable brick |
| CN111875367A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-03 | 广西净雨环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of waterproof granite-like plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113943144A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-18 | 江西省建筑卫生陶瓷质量监督检验中心 | Solid waste ceramic tile and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113943144B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-05-23 | 江西省建筑卫生陶瓷质量监督检验中心 | Solid waste ceramic tile and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113716937B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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