CN113716595A

CN113716595A - Flue gas carbon sequestration equipment used after natural gas combustion

Info

Publication number: CN113716595A
Application number: CN202111058423.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李军
Original assignee: Ben Zhen Energy Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Current assignee: Ben Zhen Energy Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-10
Filing date: 2021-09-10
Publication date: 2021-11-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue gas carbon sequestration device used after natural gas combustion, which belongs to the field of carbon neutralization and comprises a carbon capture mechanism for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas, a smoke guide mechanism for guiding the flue gas into the carbon capture mechanism and a dehydration mechanism for drying a carbon sequestration object formed by the carbon capture mechanism, wherein the flue gas obtained after natural gas combustion is guided into the carbon capture mechanism through the smoke guide mechanism, realizes the collection of carbon element in the flue gas, reduces the temperature of the flue gas introduced into the carbon capturing mechanism by the heat exchange piece, thereby reducing the evaporation amount of water in the carbon capture mechanism, reducing water consumption, reducing the temperature of the flue gas led to the outside, thereby reducing the thermal pollution of the smoke to the environment, simultaneously, the heated fresh air is used for the drying in the subsequent dehydration mechanism, improving the drying effect and saving the energy.

Description

Flue gas carbon sequestration equipment used after natural gas combustion

Technical Field

The invention discloses a flue gas carbon sequestration device used after natural gas combustion, and belongs to the field of carbon neutralization.

Background

The national statistical bureau and the customs service data show that the apparent natural gas consumption of China in 2020 is 3259.1 billion cubic meters, and the natural gas consumption in 2020 is 7.5% higher than that in 2019. With the cancellation of coal-fired boilers and the continuous propulsion of changing northern coal into gas, the consumption of natural gas is continuously increased.

In the end of 2020, the environmental protection target of realizing carbon peak reaching in 2030 years and realizing carbon neutralization in 2060 years is provided in China. This goal is proposed to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere and to slow down and suppress the global warming trend.

The most important way to realize carbon neutralization is to change the supply mode of energy sources from traditional fossil energy sources to green energy sources. However, natural gas is an important energy source and cannot be completely replaced, so that carbon dioxide capture and sequestration technologies are required to solve the problem of carbon emission.

Currently, flue gas fueled by natural gas is typically vented directly to the atmosphere. These flue gases contain not only a large amount of carbon dioxide but also a high amount of heat. Under the large background of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, if the carbon dioxide in the flue gas can be captured and the captured carbon dioxide product is dried by using the heat of the flue gas and then recycled, the aim of carbon neutralization is greatly promoted to be realized early.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a flue gas carbon sequestration device used after natural gas is combusted.

The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, and the flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after natural gas combustion comprises a carbon capture mechanism for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas, a smoke guide mechanism for guiding the flue gas into the carbon capture mechanism, and a dehydration mechanism for drying a carbon sequestration object formed by the carbon capture mechanism, wherein the smoke guide mechanism is also provided with a heat exchange piece for reducing the water consumption of the carbon capture mechanism and providing heat energy for the dehydration mechanism, the heat exchange piece is respectively connected with the carbon capture mechanism and the dehydration mechanism, and the carbon capture mechanism is connected with the dehydration mechanism.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, flue gas after burning the natural gas is through leading in the leading-in carbon entrapment mechanism of cigarette mechanism, realize the collection to carbon element in the flue gas, simultaneously through the flue gas temperature reduction of heat transfer spare in with the leading-in carbon entrapment mechanism of flue gas, and then reducible evaporation capacity to moisture in the carbon entrapment mechanism, reduce the water consumption, and the fresh air after the heating is arranged in subsequent dehydration in the mechanism, improve drying effect, and the outside flue gas temperature of direction also descends to some extent, thereby the thermal pollution of flue gas to the environment has been reduced, and utilize the used heat of flue gas to dry the solid carbon object, the temperature of flue gas has both been reduced, the energy has been practiced thrift again.

Preferably, carbon entrapment mechanism includes the absorption tower, is used for drawing the shower nozzle and being used for the sludge pump of deriving the solid carbon object with the leading-in tower body of flue gas, the absorption tower is connected with leading cigarette mechanism, draw the shower nozzle and be located the absorption tower and lead the junction of cigarette mechanism, the sludge pump switches on with the absorption tower bottom mutually.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, penetrate the shower nozzle high-speed with the flue gas and jet, produce local negative pressure, absorb solution, then spout together with the flue gas after mixing, after the flue gas blowout, can be drifted to the upper space of absorption tower with the form of micro bubble, then discharge to the atmosphere from the chimney, carbon dioxide in the middle of the flue gas is absorbed at the in-process that the solution mixes, finally becomes the bottom that the solid carbon object deposits to the solution, then exports through the sludge pump.

Preferably, the absorption tower is further connected with a supplement assembly for supplementing the solution in the absorption tower, the supplement assembly comprises a PH meter for detecting the PH value of the solution in the absorption tower and a supplement tank for providing the solution for the absorption tower, and the PH meter is in electrical signal connection with the supplement tank.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the automatic on-line measuring pH value of absorption tower solution of PH meter, when inside solution PH number fluctuation of absorption tower is greater than the regulation numerical value, form the signal of telecommunication and transmit and supply the jar for supply the jar and open and supply solution to the absorption tower, realize automated production.

Preferably, an inclined baffle plate for guiding the carbon-fixing objects to move is arranged at the joint of the absorption tower and the sludge pump.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, behind the solid carbon object that the absorption tower bottom was appeared, can deposit the entrance to the sludge pump along the slope baffle to the solid carbon object is derived to the sludge pump of being convenient for, reduces the piling up of the solid carbon object of absorption tower bottom simultaneously.

Preferably, the solution sprayed by the absorption tower is calcium hydroxide solution.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the calcium hydroxide solution is contacted with carbon dioxide, calcium carbonate is generated through chemical reaction, and the calcium carbonate has the characteristic of being insoluble in water, so that the precipitation of the calcium carbonate is facilitated.

Preferably, the heat exchange piece is a gas-gas plate type heat exchanger, the gas-gas plate type heat exchanger introduces gas and flue gas to the outside for heat energy transfer, the heated gas is guided to the dehydration mechanism, and the flue gas is introduced into the carbon capture mechanism.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can reduce the temperature of high temperature flue gas when the flue gas passes through gas plate heat exchanger, can reduce the moisture evaporation capacity to follow-up absorption tower after the flue gas cooling, reduce the water consumption. Meanwhile, the heat of the flue gas is used for heating fresh air, the temperature of the fresh air is increased, and then the heated fresh air is used for subsequent vacuum dehydration and drying, so that the drying effect is improved.

Preferably, the dehydration mechanism comprises a vacuum dehydration machine for performing vacuum dehydration on the carbon fixation object and a collecting tank for collecting the carbon fixation object, the top of the vacuum dehydration machine is communicated with the gas-gas plate heat exchanger, and the vacuum dehydration machine is provided with a backflow channel for reintroducing the moisture at the vacuum dehydration treatment position into the carbon capture mechanism.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, on the sludge pump guided the vacuum dehydration machine with solid-liquid mixture, carry out vacuum dehydration through the vacuum dehydration machine and handle, the high-temperature air that simultaneously passes through the flue gas heating got into from the top of vacuum dehydration machine, and the effect of stoving has been played to the air of high temperature when calcium carbonate, has further improved the dehydration effect to the water that is filtered by the vacuum dehydration machine and calcium carbonate of tiny granule flow through the backward flow passageway and filter again in flowing back the absorption tower.

Preferably, the smoke guide mechanism comprises a three-way air port used for being arranged on the chimney and an induced draft fan used for pumping smoke to the carbon capture mechanism, and the induced draft fan is communicated with the three-way air port.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for when the draught fan extracted the flue gas, utilize the tee bend wind gap to avoid influencing the normal of flue gas and discharge fume.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the smoke discharging temperature of the smoke is reduced, and the thermal pollution of the smoke to the environment is reduced;

2. the calcium carbonate solid is dried by originally utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the energy is saved:

3. the annual trapped carbon emission credit can be traded to form good investment economy;

4. the carbon emission of the atmosphere is reduced, and the earth environment is protected;

5. the generated by-product calcium carbonate can be used as an industrial raw material, no other waste is generated, and the whole process is very environment-friendly;

6. the equipment and the technology can be copied and popularized, are only used for any heating equipment taking natural gas as fuel, only need to treat the flue gas, and do not need to transform the production equipment of a main body.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas carbon sequestration facility for use after combustion of natural gas according to the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a carbon capture mechanism; 101. an absorption tower; 102. an injection nozzle; 103. a sludge pump; 104. a replenishing tank; 105. an inclined baffle plate; 106. a pH meter; 2. a smoke guide mechanism; 201. a three-way tuyere; 202. an induced draft fan; 3. a dewatering mechanism; 301. a vacuum dehydrator; 302. collecting tank; 303. a return channel; 4. a heat exchange member.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the designated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, a flue gas carbon sequestration device used after natural gas combustion comprises a carbon capture mechanism 1 for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas, a smoke guide mechanism 2 for guiding the flue gas into the carbon capture mechanism 1, and a dehydration mechanism 3 for drying a carbon sequestration object formed by the carbon capture mechanism 1, wherein the flue gas after natural gas combustion is guided into the carbon capture mechanism 1 through the smoke guide mechanism 2 to realize the collection of carbon elements in the flue gas, then the carbon sequestration object collected by the carbon capture mechanism 1 is dehydrated, collected and stored through the dehydration mechanism 3, the smoke guide mechanism 2 is further provided with a heat exchange piece 4 for reducing the water consumption of the carbon capture mechanism 1 and providing heat energy for the dehydration mechanism 3, the heat exchange piece 4 is respectively connected with the carbon capture mechanism 1 and the dehydration mechanism 3, the carbon capture mechanism 1 is connected with the dehydration mechanism 3, the temperature of the flue gas introduced into the carbon capturing mechanism 1 through the heat exchange piece 4 is reduced, so that the evaporation amount of water in the carbon capturing mechanism 1 can be reduced, the water consumption is reduced, the heated fresh air is used for drying in the subsequent dehydration mechanism 3, and the drying effect is improved.

Wherein the carbon trapping mechanism 1 comprises an absorption tower 101, an injection nozzle 102 for guiding smoke into the tower body and a sludge pump 103 for guiding out the carbon-fixing objects, the absorption tower 101 is connected with the smoke guide mechanism 2, the injection nozzle 102 is positioned at the connection part of the absorption tower 101 and the smoke guide mechanism 2, the smoke is ejected at high speed through the injection nozzle 102 to generate local negative pressure, the solution is absorbed and then is mixed with the smoke and then ejected, the smoke is ejected and then drifted to the upper space of the absorption tower 101 in the form of tiny bubbles, and then is discharged to the atmosphere from a chimney, carbon dioxide in the smoke is absorbed in the solution mixing process and finally becomes the carbon-fixing objects to be deposited at the bottom of the solution, meanwhile, the sludge pump 103 is communicated with the bottom of the absorption tower 101, an inclined baffle 105 for guiding the movement of the carbon-fixing objects is arranged at the connection part of the absorption tower 101 and the sludge pump 103, and then the carbon-fixing objects are accumulated at the bottom of the absorption tower 101, the carbon-fixing objects are guided to the inlet of the sludge pump 103 through the inclined baffle 105, so that the sludge pump 103 can conveniently guide out the carbon-fixing objects, and meanwhile, the accumulation of the carbon-fixing objects at the bottom of the absorption tower 101 is reduced.

Meanwhile, the absorption tower 101 is also provided with a supplement component for supplementing the solution inside the absorption tower 101 in a connecting manner, the supplement component comprises a PH meter 106 for the PH of the solution in the absorption tower 101 and a supplement tank 104 for providing the solution for the absorption tower 101, the PH meter 106 is used for automatically detecting the PH of the solution in the absorption tower 101 on line, and when the PH number fluctuation of the solution inside the absorption tower 101 is larger than a specified value, the PH meter 106 is in electrical signal connection with the supplement tank 104, so that the PH meter 106 forms an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the supplement tank 104, the supplement tank 104 is opened to supplement the solution to the absorption tower 101, and automatic production is realized.

The solution sprayed by the absorption tower 101 is calcium hydroxide solution, calcium carbonate is generated through chemical reaction when the calcium hydroxide solution contacts with carbon dioxide, and the calcium carbonate has the characteristic of being insoluble in water, so that the calcium carbonate can be conveniently separated out, the generated calcium carbonate is widely used in industries such as gypsum building materials and cement, is a very widely applied raw material, and can be sold to the outside to offset the cost of the calcium hydroxide, so that good investment economy is formed.

Wherein heat transfer 4 is gas plate heat exchanger, and gas plate heat exchanger is prior art, does not describe here much, can reduce the temperature of high temperature flue gas through gas plate heat exchanger when the flue gas, can reduce the moisture evaporation capacity to follow-up absorption tower 101 after the flue gas cooling, reduces the water consumption. Meanwhile, the heat of the flue gas is used for heating fresh air, the temperature of the fresh air is increased, and then the heated fresh air is used for subsequent vacuum dehydration and drying, so that the drying effect is improved.

Dehydration mechanism 3 is including being used for carrying out vacuum dehydration's vacuum dehydration machine 301 with the solid carbon object and the collecting vat 302 that is used for collecting the solid carbon object, vacuum dehydration machine 301's top switches on with gas-gas plate heat exchanger, sludge pump 103 leads on vacuum dehydration machine 301 with solid-liquid mixture, carry out vacuum dehydration through vacuum dehydration machine 301 and handle, the high temperature air that simultaneously passes through flue gas heating gets into from vacuum dehydration machine 301's top, the effect of stoving has been played when the air of high temperature passes through calcium carbonate, the dehydration effect has further been improved, and set up on vacuum dehydration machine 301 and reintroduce the backflow channel 303 in carbon entrapment mechanism 1 with the moisture of vacuum dehydration department of handling, can flow back the water that is filtered by vacuum dehydration machine 301 and calcium carbonate of tiny granule through backflow channel 303 and filter again in absorption tower 101.

Meanwhile, the smoke guide mechanism 2 comprises a three-way air port 201 arranged on the chimney and an induced draft fan 202 used for pumping smoke to the carbon capture mechanism 1, and the induced draft fan 202 is communicated with the three-way air port 201, so that when the induced draft fan 202 pumps the smoke, the three-way air port 201 is utilized to avoid influencing normal smoke discharge of the smoke.

The working principle is as follows: the induced draft fan 202 guides the flue gas generated by burning natural gas into the heat exchange part 4 through the three-way air port 201, the gas introduced from the outside and the flue gas are subjected to heat energy transfer through the gas-gas plate heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, then the flue gas is guided into the carbon capture mechanism 1, the flue gas is ejected at high speed through the ejection nozzle 102, then the calcium hydroxide solution and the flue gas are mixed and ejected together, carbon dioxide in the flue gas is neutralized and then calcium carbonate is formed through a chemical reaction of CO2+ Ca (OH) 2-CaCO 3+ H2O, the calcium carbonate has the characteristic of being insoluble in water, so that the calcium carbonate is conveniently collected, then the calcium carbonate is separated out at the bottom of the absorption tower 101 due to the influence of gravity, the calcium carbonate is guided to the inlet of the sludge pump 103 by utilizing the guide effect of the inclined baffle 105, the sludge pump 103 guides a solid-liquid mixture to the vacuum dehydrator 301, and the vacuum dehydration is performed through the vacuum dehydrator 301, simultaneously, high-temperature air heated by smoke enters from the top of the vacuum dehydrator 301, the high-temperature air plays a drying effect when passing through calcium carbonate, the dehydration effect is further improved, water filtered by the vacuum dehydrator 301 and small-particle calcium carbonate flow back to the absorption tower 101 through the backflow channel 303 to be filtered again, and then the vacuum dehydrator 301 directly conveys the dehydrated calcium carbonate into the collecting tank 302 to be periodically collected and transported. Simultaneously, the pH value of the solution in the absorption tower 101 is detected by the supplement tank 104 through the pH meter 106, when the pH value of the solution in the absorption tower 101 is lowered, the pH meter 106 forms an electric signal to transmit to the supplement tank 104, so that the supplement tank 104 is opened to supplement the solution to the absorption tower 101, the supplement of the solution is realized, and further, the automatic production is realized.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a solid carbon equipment of flue gas that is used for natural gas burning back to use, its characterized in that, including carbon capture mechanism (1) that is arranged in carrying out the entrapment with carbon dioxide in the flue gas, lead cigarette mechanism (2) and be used for carrying out drying process's dehydration mechanism (3) with the solid carbon object that carbon capture mechanism (1) formed with flue gas leading-in carbon capture mechanism (1), still be provided with on leading cigarette mechanism (2) and be used for reducing carbon capture mechanism (1) water consumption and provide heat transfer piece (4) of heat energy for dehydration mechanism (3), heat transfer piece (4) are connected with carbon capture mechanism (1) and dehydration mechanism (3) respectively, carbon capture mechanism (1) is connected with dehydration mechanism (3).

2. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: carbon entrapment mechanism (1) including absorption tower (101), be used for leading into the ejector nozzle (102) of tower body with the flue gas and be used for sludge pump (103) of deriving the solid carbon object, absorption tower (101) are connected with smoke guide mechanism (2), ejector nozzle (102) are located the junction of absorption tower (101) and smoke guide mechanism (2), sludge pump (103) are led to bottom with absorption tower (101).

3. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: the absorption tower (101) is also connected with a supplement component for supplementing the solution in the absorption tower (101), the supplement component comprises a PH meter (106) for detecting the PH value of the solution in the absorption tower (101) and a supplement tank (104) for providing the solution for the absorption tower (101), and the PH meter (106) is in electric signal connection with the supplement tank (104).

4. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: an inclined baffle (105) for guiding the carbon-fixing objects to move is arranged at the joint of the absorption tower (101) and the sludge pump (103).

5. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: the solution sprayed by the absorption tower (101) is calcium hydroxide solution.

6. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange piece (4) is a gas-gas plate type heat exchanger, the gas-gas plate type heat exchanger conducts heat energy transfer on introduced gas and smoke to the outside, the heated gas is guided to the dehydration mechanism (3), and the smoke is introduced into the carbon capture mechanism (1).

7. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: the dehydration mechanism (3) comprises a vacuum dehydration machine (301) for performing vacuum dehydration on the solid carbon object and a collecting tank (302) for collecting the solid carbon object, the top of the vacuum dehydration machine (301) is communicated with the gas-gas plate type heat exchanger, and a backflow channel (303) for reintroducing the moisture at the vacuum dehydration part into the carbon capture mechanism (1) is arranged on the vacuum dehydration machine (301).

8. The flue gas carbon sequestration equipment for use after combustion of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: lead cigarette mechanism (2) including being used for seting up three-way wind gap (201) on the chimney and being used for taking out draught fan (202) of carbon capture mechanism (1) with the flue gas, draught fan (202) are linked together with three-way wind gap (201).