CN113708204B - Multi-cavity composite pulse laser and multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier - Google Patents
Multi-cavity composite pulse laser and multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN113708204B CN113708204B CN202111132248.XA CN202111132248A CN113708204B CN 113708204 B CN113708204 B CN 113708204B CN 202111132248 A CN202111132248 A CN 202111132248A CN 113708204 B CN113708204 B CN 113708204B
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- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
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- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser comprising: an outer resonant cavity comprising: the pump source is used for generating pump light; the external cavity gain fiber is used for absorbing pump light generated by the pump source and radiating external cavity signal laser; the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating is used for oscillating external cavity signal laser in the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating to form laser oscillation; an internal resonant cavity comprising: the inner cavity gain fiber is used for absorbing the outer cavity signal laser to form outer cavity pulse laser; the inner cavity gain optical fiber can absorb the outer cavity laser pulse and radiate inner cavity signal laser; the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating is used for oscillating inner cavity signal laser in the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating to form laser pulses and outputting the laser pulses. The present disclosure provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of laser technology and nonlinear optical technology, and in particular, to a multi-cavity composite pulse laser and a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier.
Background
The high-power nanosecond pulse fiber laser has the characteristics of high peak power and the like, so that the high-power nanosecond pulse fiber laser has wide application in the fields of laser processing and the like. At present, nanosecond pulse output can be realized by utilizing a laser Q-switching technology, and the Q-switching technology is divided into an active Q-switching technology and a passive Q-switching technology. The active Q-switching realizes the pulse width and the repetition frequency adjustment of nanosecond pulse by controlling the electro-optic/acousto-optic modulator, but has larger insertion loss; the passive Q-switching can realize an all-fiber structure, but is limited by a lower damage threshold of the traditional saturable absorber. Therefore, the conventional Q-switching technique is not beneficial to the generation of high-power laser pulse seeds, and can be combined with a main oscillation power amplification technique (MOPA) to obtain high-power high-energy nanosecond pulses, but the structural complexity and the cost are increased.
When the rare earth element doped optical fiber has a higher damage threshold, as a passive Q-switching saturable absorber, high-power pulse output of an all-fiber structure can be realized without an additional modulation device, and the output of average power exceeding 20W is realized at present, but the pump power cannot be further improved due to the influence of nonlinear effects such as stimulated Raman scattering and the like, so that the bottleneck that the output pulse power is not high enough and the pulse width is wider (more than 40 ns) exists.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
Based on the above problems, the present disclosure provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser and a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier, so as to alleviate the technical problems in the prior art that the average power of seed laser is not high enough and the pulse width is not narrow enough due to nonlinear effect limitation.
(II) technical scheme
The present disclosure provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser comprising:
an outer resonant cavity comprising:
the pump source is used for generating pump light;
the external cavity gain fiber is used for absorbing the pumping light generated by the pumping source and radiating external cavity signal laser;
the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating is used for oscillating the external cavity signal laser in the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating to form laser oscillation;
an internal resonant cavity comprising:
the inner cavity gain fiber is used for absorbing the outer cavity signal laser to form outer cavity pulse laser; the inner cavity gain optical fiber can absorb the outer cavity laser pulse and radiate inner cavity signal laser;
and the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating is used for oscillating the inner cavity signal laser in the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating to form laser pulses and outputting the laser pulses.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the external cavity reflection type bragg grating includes:
the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating is used for reflecting external cavity signal laser with the central wavelength;
and the center wavelength of the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating is the same as that of the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating, and the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating reflects the external cavity signal laser.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the outer resonant cavity further includes:
and the external cavity optical fiber beam combiner is used for combining the pump light sent by the pump source and the signal laser sent by the optical fiber coupler.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the external resonant cavity further includes an optical fiber coupler, and the external cavity reflection type bragg grating further includes:
the center wavelength of the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating is the same as that of the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating, and the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating is used for reflecting external cavity signal laser;
two ends of the inner resonant cavity are respectively connected with the third reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and the optical fiber coupler;
the third reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating form a first resonant cavity of the outer resonant cavity;
the third reflective fiber bragg grating and the second reflective fiber bragg grating form a second resonant cavity of the outer resonant cavity.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the pump source includes a first pump source and a second pump source;
the external cavity optical fiber combiner comprises a first optical fiber combiner and a second optical fiber combiner;
the external cavity gain optical fiber comprises a first gain optical fiber and a second gain optical fiber;
the pump light generated by the first pump source enters the first gain optical fiber through the first optical fiber combiner and then reaches the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating; and the pump light generated by the second pump source enters the second gain optical fiber through the second optical fiber combiner and then reaches the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cavity reflective bragg grating includes:
the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating is used for reflecting the inner cavity signal excitation with the central wavelength;
a fifth reflective fiber bragg grating having a center wavelength identical to the fourth reflective fiber bragg grating, the fifth reflective fiber bragg grating being configured to reflect the cavity signal light having the center wavelength;
and the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating form a third resonant cavity.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the cavity gain fiber is disposed between the fourth reflective fiber bragg grating and the fifth reflective fiber bragg grating.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multi-cavity composite pulse laser further includes:
an output optical fiber combiner and an optical fiber isolator;
the laser pulse is divided into two paths by the optical fiber coupler, amplified by the first gain optical fiber and the second gain optical fiber, combined by the output optical fiber combiner and transmitted to the optical fiber isolator for output.
The present disclosure also provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier comprising:
a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to any preceding claim;
a plurality of amplifying pump sources, an amplifying optical fiber combiner, an amplifying gain optical fiber and a cladding light stripper;
the amplifying optical fiber beam combiner combines laser pulses emitted by the multi-cavity composite pulse laser and amplifying pump light emitted by the amplifying pump sources, and then outputs the laser pulses and the amplifying pump light through the amplifying gain optical fiber and the cladding light stripper.
(III) beneficial effects
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the multi-cavity composite pulse laser and the multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier of the present disclosure have at least one or a part of the following advantages:
(1) The double outer cavity structure can inject larger energy into the inner cavity, so that the rapid bleaching of the inner cavity gain optical fiber is realized, and narrower pulse output is obtained; the defect that the pumping power cannot be further increased to realize extremely narrow pulse output due to the influence of nonlinear effects such as stimulated Raman scattering and the like of a single external cavity structure is overcome; and
(2) The laser output of the inner cavity is divided into two paths through the coupler to be amplified respectively, and the double power output under the nonlinear effect state with the same intensity as that of the single outer cavity structure can be realized after the laser output of the inner cavity is combined through the beam combiner, so that the expansion of average power is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a first basic schematic diagram of a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a second basic schematic diagram of a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a basic schematic diagram of an application of a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present disclosure to a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier.
[ in the drawings, the main reference numerals of the embodiments of the present disclosure ]
01. External resonant cavity
011. Pump source
012. External cavity gain optical fiber
013. External cavity reflection type Bragg grating
02. Internal resonant cavity
021. Intracavity reflection type Bragg grating
1. First pump source
2. Second pump source
3. First optical fiber combiner
4. Second optical fiber combiner
5. Intracavity gain fiber
6. First gain optical fiber
7. Second gain optical fiber
8. Third reflective fiber Bragg grating
9. First reflective fiber Bragg grating
10. Second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating
11. Fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating
12. Fifth reflective optical fiber Bragg grating
13. Optical fiber coupler
14. Output optical fiber combiner
15. Optical fiber isolator
16. Optical fiber coupler
17. Multi-cavity composite pulse laser
18. Third pump source
19. Fourth pump source
20. Fifth pump source
21. Sixth pump source
22. Seventh pump source
23. Eighth pump source
24. Amplifying optical fiber combiner
25. Amplifying gain optical fiber
26. Cladding light stripper
Detailed Description
The multi-cavity composite pulse laser overcomes the defect that the pumping power cannot be further increased to realize extremely narrow pulse output due to the influence of nonlinear effects such as stimulated Raman scattering and the like of a single external cavity structure; and can realize the double-circuit amplification of the inner cavity pulse, after beam combination by the beam combiner, under the same nonlinear effect intensity, the average output power is twice that of the single outer cavity structure, can overcome the main defects and shortages of the existing pulse laser.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles and advantages of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a multi-cavity composite pulse laser, as shown in fig. 1, including: an outer resonant cavity 01; the outer resonant cavity 01 includes: a pump source 011 for generating pump light; an external cavity gain fiber 012 for absorbing pump light generated by the pump source 011 and radiating external cavity signal laser light; the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating 013 is used for oscillating the external cavity signal laser in the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating 013 to form laser oscillation. An inner resonant cavity 02; the inner resonant cavity 02 includes: the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5 is used for absorbing the outer cavity signal laser to form outer cavity pulse laser; the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5 can absorb the outer cavity laser pulse and radiate the inner cavity signal laser; the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating 021 is used for oscillating laser formed by the outer resonant cavity into the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating 021 to form laser pulse and outputting the laser pulse.
In the disclosed embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the external cavity reflection type bragg grating includes: the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 is used for reflecting the external cavity signal laser with set wavelength. The second reflection type fiber bragg grating 10 has the same wavelength as the first reflection type fiber bragg grating 9 and is configured to reflect the same.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer resonant cavity further includes: the external cavity optical fiber beam combiner is used for combining the pump light sent by the pump source and the signal laser sent by the optical fiber coupler. And the external cavity gain fiber is used for absorbing the pump light and generating external cavity signal laser.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the external resonant cavity further includes an optical fiber coupler, and the external cavity reflection type bragg grating further includes: and a third reflection type fiber Bragg grating 8 which has the same set wavelength as the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating 10 and reflects the external cavity signal laser at the central wavelength thereof. And the two ends of the inner resonant cavity are respectively connected with a third reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 8 and an optical fiber coupler. The third reflective fiber bragg grating 8 and the first reflective fiber bragg grating 9 form a first resonant cavity of the outer resonant cavity. The third reflective fiber bragg grating 8 and the second reflective fiber bragg grating 10 form a second resonant cavity of the outer resonant cavity.
In the disclosed embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the pump sources include a first pump source 1 and a second pump source 2. The external cavity optical fiber combiner comprises a first optical fiber combiner 3 and a second optical fiber combiner 4. The external cavity gain fiber comprises a first gain fiber 6 and a second gain fiber 7. The pump light generated by the first pump source 1 enters the first gain optical fiber 6 through the first optical fiber combiner 3 and then reaches the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 9; the pump light generated by the second pump source 2 enters the second gain fiber 7 through the second optical fiber combiner 4 and then reaches the second reflection type fiber bragg grating 10.
In the disclosed embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the cavity reflective bragg grating includes: and the fourth reflection type fiber Bragg grating 11 is used for reflecting the laser of the inner cavity signal with the set wavelength. A fifth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 12 having the same wavelength as the fourth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 11 and reflecting the cavity signal laser light at its center wavelength. The fourth reflective fiber bragg grating 11 and the fifth reflective fiber bragg grating 12 form a third resonant cavity.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the inner resonant cavity further includes: the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5 is arranged between the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and the 11 fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12, and the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5 is used for amplifying signal laser in the inner resonant cavity.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the multi-cavity composite pulse laser further includes: output fiber combiner 14 and fiber isolator 15. The laser pulse is split into two paths by the optical fiber coupler 13, amplified by the first gain optical fiber 6 and the second gain optical fiber 7, combined by the output optical fiber combiner 14, and transmitted to the optical fiber isolator 15 for output.
Specifically, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, a multi-cavity composite pulse laser includes: a first pump source 1, a second pump source 2, a first optical fiber combiner 3, a second optical fiber combiner (n+1x1 type) 4, an inner cavity gain optical fiber 5, a first gain optical fiber 6, a second gain optical fiber 7, a third reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 8, a first reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 9, a second reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 10, a fourth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 11, a fifth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 12, an optical fiber coupler 13, an output optical fiber combiner (2x1 type) 14 and an optical fiber isolator 15; the first pump source 1 is connected with the pump input end of the first optical fiber combiner 3, and the common end of the first optical fiber combiner 3 is sequentially connected with the first gain optical fiber 6, the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 9 and the output optical fiber combiner 14; the second pump source 2 is connected with the pump end of the second optical fiber combiner 4, the public end of the second optical fiber combiner 4 is sequentially connected with the second gain optical fiber 7, the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 10 and the output optical fiber combiner 14, and the public end of the output optical fiber combiner 14 is connected with the optical fiber isolator 15; the signal ends of the first optical fiber combiner 3 and the second optical fiber combiner 4 are respectively connected with two arms at one end of an optical fiber coupler 13, and the common end of the optical fiber coupler 13 is sequentially connected with a fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12, an inner cavity gain optical fiber 5, a fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 and a third reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 8;
in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the third reflection-type fiber bragg grating 8 and the first reflection-type fiber bragg grating 9 constitute a first resonant cavity, the third reflection-type fiber bragg grating 8 and the second reflection-type fiber bragg grating 10 constitute a second resonant cavity, and the fourth reflection-type fiber bragg grating 11 and the fifth reflection-type fiber bragg grating 12 constitute a third resonant cavity; the pump light generated by the first pump source 1 is coupled to a first gain fiber 6 in a first resonant cavity through a first fiber combiner 3 to generate external cavity signal laser oscillation; the pump light generated by the second pump source 2 is coupled to the second gain fiber 7 in the second resonant cavity through the second fiber combiner 4, and external cavity signal laser oscillation is also generated; the external cavity signal laser generated in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity enters the third resonant cavity pumping cavity gain optical fiber 5 through the optical fiber coupler 13 to generate cavity signal laser, the cavity signal laser is output through the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12 and then is split into two paths by the optical fiber coupler 13, the beams are amplified through the first gain optical fiber 6 and the second gain optical fiber 7 respectively, the amplified two paths of cavity signal laser are combined through the output optical fiber combiner 14 to obtain high-power narrow pulse, and finally the high-power narrow pulse is output through the optical fiber isolator 15.
In the disclosed embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fiber coupler 13 has a splitting ratio between 0 and 1.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the optical path difference L between the two arms of the optical fiber coupler 13 and the two arms of the output optical fiber combiner 14 is 0 or not more than the travel distance of the light in 1ns to ensure the successful combining of the pulses.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, it includes: a first pump source 1, a second pump source 2, a first optical fiber combiner (n+1x1 type) 3, a second optical fiber combiner (n+1x1 type) 4, an inner cavity gain optical fiber 5, a first gain optical fiber 6, a second gain optical fiber 7, a first reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 9, a second reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 10, a fourth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 11, a fifth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 12, an output optical fiber combiner (2 x 1 type) 14, an optical fiber isolator 15, and an optical fiber coupler (2 x 2 type) 16; the first pump source 1 is connected with the pump input end of the first optical fiber combiner 3, and the common end of the first optical fiber combiner 3 is sequentially connected with the first gain optical fiber 6, the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 9 and the output optical fiber combiner 14; the second pump source 2 is connected with the pump end of the second optical fiber combiner 4, the public end of the second optical fiber combiner 4 is sequentially connected with the second gain optical fiber 7, the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 10 and the output optical fiber combiner 14, and the public end of the output optical fiber combiner 14 is connected with the optical fiber isolator 15; the signal ends of the first optical fiber combiner 3 and the second optical fiber combiner 4 are respectively connected with two arms at one end of the optical fiber coupler 16, and the two arms at the other end of the optical fiber coupler 16 are connected together through the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12, the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5 and the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 to form an optical ring;
in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3, the optical fiber coupler 16 and the first reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 9 form a first resonant cavity, the optical fiber coupler 16 and the second reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 10 form a second resonant cavity, and the fourth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 11 and the fifth reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 12 form a third resonant cavity; the pump light generated by the first pump source 1 is coupled to a first gain fiber 6 in a first resonant cavity through a first fiber combiner 3 to generate external cavity signal laser oscillation; the pump light generated by the second pump source 2 is coupled to the second gain fiber 7 in the second resonant cavity through the second fiber combiner 4, and external cavity signal laser oscillation is also generated; the external cavity signal laser generated in the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity enters the third resonant cavity pumping cavity gain optical fiber 5 through the optical fiber coupler 16 to generate cavity signal laser, the cavity signal laser is output through the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12 and then split into two paths by the optical fiber coupler 16, the beams are amplified through the first gain optical fiber 6 or the second gain optical fiber 7, the amplified two paths of cavity signal laser are combined through the optical fiber combiner 14 to obtain high-power narrow pulse, and finally the high-power narrow pulse is output through the optical fiber isolator 15.
In the disclosed embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the fiber coupler 16 has a splitting ratio between 0 and 1.
In the disclosed embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the two-path optical path difference L between the two-arm beam splitting at the right side of the optical fiber coupler 16 and the two-arm beam combining at the optical fiber beam combiner 14 is 0 or not more than the path traveled by the light in 1ns to ensure that the pulse beam combining is successful.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5, the first gain optical fiber 6, and the second gain optical fiber 7 are optical fibers doped with rare earth elements, wherein the doping elements are one or more of ytterbium, thulium, holmium, bismuth, samarium, erbium, and chromium, and the external cavity signal laser generated by the first gain optical fiber 6 and the second gain optical fiber 7 is in the absorption spectrum range of the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 2 are semiconductor lasers, solid state lasers, or fiber lasers, whose output center wavelengths are at absorption spectrum peaks of the first gain fiber 6 and the second gain fiber 7.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the reflectivity of the third reflection type fiber bragg grating 8, the first reflection type fiber bragg grating 9, the second reflection type fiber bragg grating 10, the fourth reflection type fiber bragg grating 11, and the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 is R, where 0 < R is less than or equal to 1.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the first optical fiber combiner 3, the second n+1×1 type optical fiber combiner 4 is a 2+1×1 type optical fiber combiner or a 6+1×1 type optical fiber combiner.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 2 of the multi-cavity composite pulse laser can be semiconductor lasers with the center wavelength of 976nm locked by 60W; the first optical fiber beam combiner 3 and the second optical fiber beam combiner 4 are (N+1) x 1 optical fiber beam combiners, and 10 μm/125 μm type (2+1) x 1 signal pump beam combiners can be selected; the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5, the first gain optical fiber 6 and the second gain optical fiber 7 are rare earth element doped optical fibers, and ytterbium doped optical fibers with the optical fiber size of 10 μm/125 μm can be adopted; the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating 8, the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating 10 can be high-inversion type gratings with the central wavelength of 1030nm, the bandwidth of 0.5nm and the reflectivity R more than or equal to 0.99; the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 can select a high inversion type grating with a central wavelength of 1080nm, a bandwidth of 0.5nm and a reflectivity R more than or equal to 0.99; the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 can select a partial reflection type grating with a center wavelength of 1080nm, a bandwidth of 0.5nm and a reflectivity r=0.85; the optical fiber coupler 13 is a 2X 1 optical fiber coupler, and the optical fiber size can be selected to be 10 μm/125 μm, and the beam splitting ratio can be 50:50; the output optical fiber combiner 14 is a 2×1 optical fiber combiner, and the output optical fiber core thereof can be selected to be 100 μm; the optical fiber isolator 15 is an optical fiber isolator, and polarization independent type is selected.
As shown in fig. 2, the pump light generated by the first pump source 1 enters the first gain optical fiber 6 through the optical fiber combiner 3 and then reaches the first reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 9; the pump light generated by the second pump source 2 enters the second gain optical fiber 7 through the optical fiber combiner 4 and then reaches the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 10; the reflection type fiber Bragg gratings 9 and 10 are high-reflection type fiber Bragg gratings, namely, the reflectivity R is more than or equal to 0.99, almost all light at the central wavelength of 1030nm is reflected back, so that the first path of light passes through the first gain fiber 6 and the first fiber combiner 3, the second path of light passes through the second gain fiber 7 and the fiber combiner 4, the two paths of light are coupled together through the fiber coupler 13, pass through the fifth reflection type fiber Bragg grating 12, the cavity gain fiber 5 and the fourth reflection type fiber Bragg grating 11 and then reach the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating 8, and the high-reflection type fiber Bragg gratings are high-reflection type fiber Bragg gratings, namely, the reflectivity R is more than or equal to 0.99, and almost all light at the central wavelength of 1030nm is reflected back. The third reflection type fiber Bragg grating 8 and the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 form a first resonant cavity, the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating 8 and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating 10 form a second resonant cavity, and the optical path difference between two arms of the fiber coupler 13 and two paths of light of the 2 x 1 fiber combiner 14 is not more than 1ns of light travel length; the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity generate external cavity signal laser with the same wavelength, the external cavity signal laser enters the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5 through the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 and then reaches the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12, the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 and the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12 form a third resonant cavity, the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 is a high-reflection type Bragg grating, namely, the reflectivity R is more than or equal to 0.99, almost all light at the 1080nm central wavelength of the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating can be reflected back, and the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 12 is a partial reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating, wherein part of light at the 1080nm central wavelength can be reflected. Under the pumping of the first pumping source 1 and the second pumping source 2, the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity form laser oscillation with a first wavelength of 1030nm, then the laser oscillation with the first wavelength of 1030nm pumps the third resonant cavity to form laser pulses with a second wavelength of 1080nm, the laser pulses with the second wavelength of 1080nm are output from the fifth reflection type fiber Bragg grating 12, split into two paths of laser through the fiber coupler 13, and the two paths of laser respectively reach the fiber combiner 14 for beam combination after passing through the first fiber combiner 3 or the second fiber combiner 4, the first gain fiber 6 or the second gain fiber 7, the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 or the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating 10 of the optical paths of the two paths of laser, and output through the fiber isolator 15 to obtain high-power narrow pulse laser. The whole system utilizes a double-external-cavity structure to provide higher-power first-wavelength 1030nm laser oscillation, so that the injection energy of an inner cavity is increased, the inner cavity can be bleached faster, narrower pulses are output, the gain optical fiber of the inner cavity of a 1030nm pulse pump with higher power can output extremely narrow 1080nm pulses (less than 20 ns), and the 1080nm narrow pulses are amplified and combined through the double external cavities after being output, so that higher-power output is generated under the condition of the same nonlinear effect. Taking 50% of optical-to-optical conversion efficiency as an example, a single 50W pump power injection will generate about 25W output, and two paths of combined beams can generate high-power output of more than 40W, and can be used as seeds to directly amplify and output high-power laser pulses of hundreds of watts.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 2 of the multi-cavity composite pulse laser can be semiconductor lasers with the center wavelength of 976nm locked by 60W; the first optical fiber beam combiner 3 and the second optical fiber beam combiner 4 are (N+1) x 1 optical fiber beam combiners, and 10 μm/125 μm type (2+1) x 1 signal pump beam combiners can be selected; the inner cavity gain optical fiber 5, the first gain optical fiber 6 and the second gain optical fiber 7 are rare earth element doped optical fibers, and ytterbium doped optical fibers with the optical fiber size of 10 μm/125 μm can be adopted; the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating 10 can be high inversion type gratings with the central wavelength of 1030nm, the bandwidth of 0.5nm and the reflectivity R more than or equal to 0.99; the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 11 can select a high inversion type grating with a central wavelength of 1080nm, a bandwidth of 0.5nm and a reflectivity R more than or equal to 0.99; the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 can select a partial reflection type grating with a center wavelength of 1080nm, a bandwidth of 0.5nm and a reflectivity r=0.85; the fiber coupler 16 is a 2×2 fiber coupler, alternatively 50:50, with arms of 10 μm/125 μm, and two arms at the other end connected via a fifth reflective fiber bragg grating 12, an intracavity gain fiber 5, and a fourth reflective fiber bragg grating 11 to form an optical ring, which is equivalent to a high reflection mirror. The output optical fiber combiner 14 is a 2×1 optical fiber combiner, and the output optical fiber core thereof can be selected to be 100 μm; the optical fiber isolator 15 is an optical fiber isolator, and polarization independent type is selected.
As shown in fig. 3, the pump light generated by the pump source 1 enters the first gain optical fiber 6 through the optical fiber combiner 3 and then reaches the first reflection type optical fiber bragg grating 9; the pump light generated by the pump source 2 enters the second gain optical fiber 7 through the optical fiber combiner 4 and then reaches the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 10; the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating 9 and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating 10 are 1030nm high-inversion type Bragg gratings, namely, the reflectivity R is more than or equal to 0.99, almost all light at the central wavelength 1030nm of the Bragg gratings is reflected back, so that the first path of light passes through the first gain fiber 6 and the fiber combiner 3, the second path of light passes through the second gain fiber 7 and the fiber combiner 4, and the two paths of light are coupled together through the fiber coupler 16, and the two arms at the other end of the fiber coupler are connected with the device and are equivalent to a high-reflection mirror, the reflectivity R is more than or equal to 0.99, and almost all light at the central wavelength of the fiber coupler is reflected back. The optical fiber coupler 16 and the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 9 form a first resonant cavity, the optical fiber coupler 16 and the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating 10 form a second resonant cavity, and the optical path difference between two arms at the right end of the optical fiber coupler 16 and two paths of light of the 2X 1 optical fiber combiner 14 is not more than the traveling length of 1ns light; the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity generate the laser with the first wavelength of 1030nm with the same wavelength, the laser enters the cavity gain fiber 5 through the fourth reflection type fiber bragg grating 11 or the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12, then reaches the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 or the fourth reflection type fiber bragg grating 11, the fourth reflection type fiber bragg grating 11 and the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 form a third resonant cavity, the central wavelength of the third resonant cavity is 1080nm, the fourth reflection type fiber bragg grating 11 is a high-reflection type fiber bragg grating with the reflectivity R being more than or equal to 0.99, and the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 is a partial reflection type fiber bragg grating with the reflectivity R=0.85. Under the pumping of the first pumping source 1 and the second pumping source 2, the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity form laser oscillation with a first wavelength of 1030nm, then the first resonant cavity is pumped bidirectionally by the laser oscillation with the first wavelength to form laser pulse with a second wavelength of 1080nm, the laser pulse is output from the fifth reflection type fiber bragg grating 12 and then split into two paths of laser through the fiber coupler 16, and the two paths of laser respectively pass through the first fiber combiner 3 or the second fiber combiner 4, the first gain fiber 6 or the second gain fiber 7, the first reflection type fiber bragg grating 9 or the second reflection type fiber bragg grating 10 of the optical path and then reach the 2×1 fiber combiner 14 for beam combination, and the laser pulse is output through the fiber isolator 15 to obtain high-power narrow pulse laser. The whole system utilizes a double-external-cavity structure to provide double-power first-wavelength 1030nm laser oscillation, so that the injection energy of an inner cavity is increased, the inner cavity can be bleached faster, narrower pulses are output, the gain fiber of the inner cavity of a 1030nm pulse pump with higher power can output extremely narrow 1080nm pulses (less than 20 ns), the 1080nm narrow pulses are output and are amplified and combined through the double external cavities respectively, double-power output is generated under the condition that a single path has the same nonlinear effect, taking 50% of optical-to-optical conversion efficiency as an example, the injection of single-path 50W pump power can generate about 25W output, the two paths of combined beams can generate high-power output of more than 40W, and the laser pulse with high power of hundreds of watts can be directly amplified and output as seeds at one stage.
The present disclosure also provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier comprising:
a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to any one of the preceding claims; a plurality of amplifying pump sources, an amplifying optical fiber combiner, an amplifying gain optical fiber and a cladding light stripper; the amplifying optical fiber beam combiner combines laser pulses emitted by the multi-cavity composite pulse laser and amplifying pump light emitted by the amplifying pump sources, and then outputs the laser pulses and the amplifying pump light through the amplifying gain optical fiber and the cladding light stripper respectively.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-cavity composite pulse laser 17 is the multi-cavity composite pulse laser of example 1 or example 2, and the output wavelength of the multi-cavity composite pulse laser may be 1080nm, the pulse width is less than 20ns, and the average power is more than 40W; the third pump source 18, the fourth pump source 19, the fifth pump source 20, the sixth pump source 21, the seventh pump source 22 and the eighth pump source 23 can all select 130W semiconductor lasers with the center wavelength locked to 976nm, and the total pump power of 6 pump modules can reach 780W; the amplifying fiber combiner 24 is an (n+1) ×1 fiber combiner, and may be a (6+1) ×1 fiber combiner of 100 μm/140 μm/400 μm; the amplifying gain fiber 25 is an ultra-large mode area gain fiber, and can be a three-clad ytterbium-doped fiber (peak absorption coefficient 7.3 dB/m@915nm) with a length of 1.5 m and a length of 100 μm/400 μm/480 μm; output through cladding light stripper 26.
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-cavity composite pulse laser 17 of example 1 or example 2 is used as a seed source of an amplifier, the provided seed light with the wavelength of > 40W enters an ultra-large mode area amplification gain optical fiber 25 through an amplification optical fiber combiner 24, a third pump source 18, a fourth pump source 19, a fifth pump source 20, a sixth pump source 21, a seventh pump source 22 and an eighth pump source 23 of the 976nm semiconductor laser provide pump power to pump the ultra-large mode area gain optical fiber, the amplified laser light filters residual pump light output through a cladding light stripper, and when the total pump power reaches 600W, the total average output power is > 450W by taking 75% of light-to be an example.
The method utilizes the multi-resonant cavity coupling to form the parallel of the Q-switching technology and the gain switching technology, and realizes wavelength selection and conversion; the first resonant cavity and the second resonant cavity are combined to form the double-external-cavity structure to generate external-cavity signal laser, so that the defect that pumping power cannot be further increased due to the influence of nonlinear effects such as stimulated Raman scattering and the like of a single external-cavity structure is overcome, double-external-cavity synthesis can generate double external-cavity signal laser power, energy injected into a third resonant cavity (inner cavity) is larger, rapid bleaching of an inner cavity doped with rare earth element optical fiber can be realized, and finally extremely narrow pulse (< 20 ns) output is obtained.
Pulse beam splitting generated by the inner cavity of the optical fiber laser device enters the gain fiber of the double outer cavities for double-path amplification and then beam combination, double power output (more than 40W) with high signal to noise ratio can be achieved, and the output performance of the optical fiber laser device with the rare earth element doped optical fiber serving as a saturable absorber is greatly improved. The laser is used as seed laser, and the gain fiber with ultra-large mode field area is combined, so that the laser can be directly amplified at one stage to realize high-power laser output (more than 400W), and the development of the fields of laser cleaning and the like is further promoted.
Thus, embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the drawings or the text of the specification, implementations not shown or described are all forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and not described in detail. Furthermore, the above definitions of the elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes mentioned in the embodiments, and may be simply modified or replaced by those of ordinary skill in the art.
From the foregoing description, those skilled in the art will clearly recognize the multi-cavity composite pulse laser and the multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier of the present disclosure.
In summary, the present disclosure provides a multi-cavity composite pulse laser and a multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier, which can obtain high-power, extremely narrow pulse (< 20 ns) laser seed output, and avoid the problems of large loss and large difficulty in manufacturing a passive Q-switching saturable absorber in the conventional active Q-switching technology. The inner cavity pulse beam splitting is carried out by two paths of beam combining output after being amplified by the outer cavity gain fiber, the average power of the beam combining output can reach twice of that of a single outer cavity structure, and the barrier that the power of the single outer cavity structure cannot be further improved is broken. Furthermore, from the pulse narrowing mechanism it is known that: when the cavity length of the fiber laser resonant cavity, the center wavelength of the Bragg grating and the reflectivity are determined, the pulse width is gradually narrowed along with the increase of the pumping power. Therefore, the dual external cavity structure is adopted to provide higher pumping power, the energy of the internal cavity is further increased, the rapid bleaching of the inner cavity saturable absorption optical fiber is realized, the narrower external cavity pulse is obtained, and finally the gain optical fiber of the external cavity narrow pulse pumping inner cavity with higher power obtains extremely narrow pulse (< 20 ns) output.
It should be further noted that, the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are only referring to the directions of the drawings, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Like elements are denoted by like or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may cause confusion in understanding the present disclosure.
And the shapes and dimensions of the various elements in the drawings do not reflect actual sizes and proportions, but merely illustrate the contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Unless otherwise known, numerical parameters in this specification and the appended claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present disclosure. In particular, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". In general, the meaning of expression is meant to include a variation of + -10% in some embodiments, a variation of + -5% in some embodiments, a variation of + -1% in some embodiments, and a variation of + -0.5% in some embodiments by a particular amount.
Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the description and the claims to modify a corresponding element does not by itself connote any ordinal number of elements or the order of manufacturing or use of the ordinal numbers in a particular claim, merely for enabling an element having a particular name to be clearly distinguished from another element having the same name.
Furthermore, unless specifically described or steps must occur in sequence, the order of the above steps is not limited to the list above and may be changed or rearranged according to the desired design. In addition, the above embodiments may be mixed with each other or other embodiments based on design and reliability, i.e. the technical features of the different embodiments may be freely combined to form more embodiments.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more apparatuses different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component and, furthermore, they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. Any combination of all features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or units of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be used in combination, except insofar as at least some of such features and/or processes or units are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Also, in the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various disclosed aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be construed as reflecting the intention that: i.e., the claimed disclosure requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this disclosure.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail for purposes of clarity of understanding, it will be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and that any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-cavity composite pulse laser comprising:
an outer resonant cavity comprising:
the pump source is used for generating pump light;
the external cavity gain fiber is used for absorbing the pumping light generated by the pumping source and radiating external cavity signal laser;
the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating is used for oscillating the external cavity signal laser in the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating to form laser oscillation, and the external resonant cavity forms external cavity laser pulses based on the external cavity signal laser;
an internal resonant cavity comprising:
the inner cavity gain optical fiber can absorb the outer cavity laser pulse and radiate inner cavity signal laser;
the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating is used for oscillating the inner cavity signal laser in the inner cavity reflection type Bragg grating to form laser pulses and outputting the laser pulses; and
the external cavity reflection type Bragg grating comprises:
the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating is used for reflecting external cavity signal laser with the central wavelength;
the center wavelength of the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating is the same as that of the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating, and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating reflects the external cavity signal laser;
the outer resonant cavity further comprises:
the optical fiber coupler comprises an external cavity optical fiber combiner, an external cavity gain optical fiber, a third reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and an optical fiber coupler;
the external cavity optical fiber combiner comprises a first optical fiber combiner and a second optical fiber combiner;
the external cavity gain optical fiber comprises a first gain optical fiber and a second gain optical fiber;
the two ends of the inner resonant cavity are respectively connected with the third reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and the optical fiber coupler;
two paths of light paths split by the optical fiber coupler are respectively connected with the first optical fiber beam combiner and the second optical fiber beam combiner;
the first optical fiber combiner is sequentially connected with the first gain optical fiber and the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating;
the second optical fiber combiner is sequentially connected with the second gain optical fiber and the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating;
the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating, the fiber coupler, the first fiber combiner, the first gain fiber and the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating form a first resonant cavity of the outer resonant cavity;
the third reflective fiber bragg grating, the fiber coupler, the second fiber combiner, the second gain fiber and the second reflective fiber bragg grating form a second resonant cavity of the outer resonant cavity.
2. The multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to claim 1, wherein,
the external cavity optical fiber beam combiner is used for combining the pumping light emitted by the pumping source and the signal laser sent by the optical fiber coupler.
3. The multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to claim 2, wherein,
the center wavelength of the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating is the same as the center wavelengths of the first reflection type fiber Bragg grating and the second reflection type fiber Bragg grating, and the third reflection type fiber Bragg grating is used for reflecting external cavity signal laser.
4. A multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to claim 3, wherein,
the pump source comprises a first pump source and a second pump source;
the pump light generated by the first pump source enters the first gain optical fiber through the first optical fiber combiner and then reaches the first reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating; and the pump light generated by the second pump source enters the second gain optical fiber through the second optical fiber combiner and then reaches the second reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating.
5. The multi-cavity composite pulse laser of claim 1, wherein the intracavity reflective bragg grating comprises:
the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating is used for reflecting the inner cavity signal light with the central wavelength;
a fifth reflective fiber bragg grating having a center wavelength identical to the fourth reflective fiber bragg grating, the fifth reflective fiber bragg grating being configured to reflect the cavity signal light having the center wavelength;
and the fourth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating and the fifth reflection type optical fiber Bragg grating form a third resonant cavity.
6. The multi-cavity composite pulse laser of claim 5, wherein the cavity gain fiber is disposed between the fourth reflective fiber bragg grating and the fifth reflective fiber bragg grating.
7. The multi-cavity composite pulse laser of claim 4, further comprising:
an output optical fiber combiner and an optical fiber isolator;
the laser pulse is divided into two paths by the optical fiber coupler, amplified by the first gain optical fiber and the second gain optical fiber, combined by the output optical fiber combiner and transmitted to the optical fiber isolator for output.
8. A multi-cavity composite pulse laser amplifier comprising:
a multi-cavity composite pulse laser according to any of claims 1-7;
a plurality of amplifying pump sources, an amplifying optical fiber combiner, an amplifying gain optical fiber and a cladding light stripper;
the amplifying optical fiber beam combiner combines laser pulses emitted by the multi-cavity composite pulse laser and amplifying pump light emitted by the amplifying pump sources, and then outputs the laser pulses and the amplifying pump light through the amplifying gain optical fiber and the cladding light stripper.
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| CA2695953A1 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Nicolas Godbout | Tunable mode-locked laser |
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| CN207217987U (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-04-10 | 浙江师范大学 | Dipulse optical fiber laser based on gain switch technology |
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