CN113702917B - Coherent pulse radar signal generation method based on sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator - Google Patents
Coherent pulse radar signal generation method based on sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a coherent pulse radar signal generation method based on a sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator, which comprises the following steps of S1, enabling an output signal sent by a laser to enter a Mach-Zehnder modulator to generate a first signal; s2, injecting a first signal into a single mode fiber through a microwave photon filtering device; s3, the delayed first signal of the single-mode fiber enters a photoelectric detector to beat frequency to form a second signal; s4, the second signal enters an electric amplifier to form a third signal, and the third signal enters a radio frequency input port of the electro-optic modulator to form a closed loop; in step S1, the digital frequency synthesizer generates a first control signal and a second control signal, and controls the operating point of the mach-zehnder modulator to repeatedly skip at a maximum offset point and a minimum offset point. The invention achieves fine and wide-range tuning of the center frequency of the generated broadband signal by changing the initial phase difference of the pulse drive signal and the triangular wave signal or the wavelength of the laser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pulse radar signal generation, in particular to a coherent pulse radar signal generation method based on a sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator.
Background
Radar systems are widely used in civilian and military areas and with the development of information technology, radar detection performance is increasingly required. Compared with continuous wave radar, the radar with pulse system can greatly improve energy utilization efficiency and detection power of the radar, and the coherent wideband pulse radar can obtain distance and speed information of a detection target by utilizing amplitude and phase characteristics of echo signals, so that the radar has good discrimination capability. The generation of highly stable coherent pulse train signals is therefore critical to achieving the detection of multiple targets and the measurement of the phase of the echo signals.
Optoelectronic oscillators (optoelectronic oscillator, OEO) present unique advantages in generating microwave signals of high frequency, high stability and high spectral purity. And with the deep research, the limitation factor of restricting the mode construction time of the traditional OEO is broken, so that the limitation that the traditional OEO can only generate a single frequency signal is broken, and in recent years, the Fourier domain mode-locked photoelectric oscillator (Fourier domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator, FDML-OEO) is attractive because the traditional OEO can directly generate a broadband microwave signal with a large time-bandwidth product. To realize different structures of FDML-OEO systems and to improve the quality of the signals they produce, different FDML-OEO structures have been demonstrated. For example: harmonic FDML-OEO, double chirped FDML-OEO, FDML-OEO based on stimulated Brillouin scattering, polarization-controlled FDML-OEO, and FDML-OEO based on self-injection locking.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a coherent pulse radar signal generation method based on a sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator, which can solve the technical problem that the fine and large-scale tuning of the center frequency of a broadband signal can not be realized by changing the initial phase difference of a pulse driving signal and a triangular wave signal or the wavelength of a laser.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for generating coherent pulse radar signals based on a swept frequency photoelectric oscillator, comprising:
step S1, an output signal sent by a laser enters a Mach-Zehnder modulator to generate a first signal;
s2, injecting a first signal into a single mode fiber through a microwave photon filtering device;
s3, the delayed first signal of the single-mode fiber enters a photoelectric detector to beat frequency to form a second signal;
s4, the second signal enters an electric amplifier to form a third signal, and the third signal enters a radio frequency input port of the electro-optic modulator to form a closed loop;
in the step S1, a digital frequency synthesizer is disposed between the laser and the mach-zehnder, and the digital frequency synthesizer generates a first control signal and a second control signal, where the first control signal is used for being injected into the laser, and the second control signal controls the working point of the mach-zehnder modulator to repeatedly jump at a maximum bias point and a minimum bias point by adjusting the signal amplitude and the bias voltage of the second control signal.
Further, the digital frequency synthesizer tunes the frequencies of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal on the upper and lower edges of the driving of the starting vibration by tuning the initial phase difference of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal so as to finely regulate and control the center frequency.
Further, the laser can finely regulate the center frequency of the pulse broadband radar signal by generating different drive current magnitudes.
Further, the oscillation condition of the first signal is that the triangular wave driving signal period and the pulse driving signal period are integral multiples of the round trip time of the photoelectric oscillator loop signal, and the round trip time of the photoelectric oscillator loop signal is set as T loop Setting T loop ＝n×T triangle ＝n×T pulse Wherein T is triangle For the period of the triangular wave driving signal, T pulse N is a positive integer, which is the period of the pulse driving signal.
Further, the Mach-Zehnder modulator sets a first preset pulse driving voltage F1, a second preset pulse driving voltage F2, the pulse driving electrocompaction value is F, wherein,
when F is less than or equal to F1, the working point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is positioned at the minimum bias point, and the amplitude value of the first signal entering the loop is controlled to be below an oscillation threshold value so as to enable the Mach-Zehnder modulator to continuously oscillate;
when F is more than or equal to F2, the working point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is located at the maximum bias point, and the amplitude value of the first signal entering the loop is controlled to be above the oscillation threshold value, so that the Mach-Zehnder modulator finishes oscillation.
Further, in the step S2, the microwave photon filtering device includes a circulator connected to the mach-zehnder modulator and used for adjusting the modulated signal, and a phase shift fiber bragg grating connected to the circulator and used for reflecting the signal adjusted by the circulator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that on the basis of an FDML-OEO system, a Mach-Zehnder modulator (Mach-Zehnder Modulators, MZM) is additionally arranged outside an OEO (photoelectric oscillator) ring, two low-frequency driving signals are generated through a digital frequency synthesizer (Direct Digital Synthesizer, DDS), and bias point controllers of driving currents of the wavelength-adjustable lasers (Tunable Laser Source, TLS) and the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) are respectively controlled. By controlling the frequency, amplitude and duty cycle of the driving signal, the generation of wideband pulse coherent radar signals with different frequencies and duty cycles can be realized. The time domain broadband signal of an arbitrary duty ratio can be generated by changing the duty ratio of the pulse driving signal, and fine and wide-range tuning of the center frequency of the generated broadband signal can be achieved by changing the initial phase difference of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal or the wavelength of the laser, respectively.
In particular, the invention sets the DDS to generate two control signals, and the two control signals have the same clock signal, so that the two driving signals are coherent in time domain, and the generated pulse signals are coherent in theory. And the initial phase difference of the two control signals is tuned, so that the frequency can be tuned on the upper and lower edges of the driving of the starting vibration, and the fine regulation and control of the center frequency can be realized.
In particular, the invention keeps the frequencies of two low-speed control signals generated by the DDS consistent, ensures the phase relativity of the generated pulse signals, keeps the cycle of the two control signals consistent with the round trip time of the OEO loop signal, and realizes the frequency domain mode locking of the generated signals.
Particularly, the invention realizes random tunability of duty ratio by adjusting modulation signals, changes the initial phase difference of pulse driving signals and triangular wave signals or the wavelength of a laser, and realizes the generation of pulse broadband radar signals with fine central frequency and tunable in a large range.
Particularly, the invention provides a coherent wideband pulse radar signal generation technology based on a Fourier mode-locked photoelectric oscillator, and the generation of the pulse wideband radar signal with fine center frequency and large-range tunability is realized by adjusting a modulation signal to realize random tunability of duty ratio, changing the initial phase difference of a pulse driving signal and a triangular wave signal or the wavelength of a laser. Has important theoretical value for researching a coherent pulse train microwave photon radar system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for generating coherent pulse radar signals based on a swept-frequency photoelectric oscillator according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for generating coherent pulse radar signals based on a swept-frequency photoelectric oscillator according to an embodiment of the invention;
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for generating coherent pulse radar signals based on a swept-frequency photoelectric oscillator according to an embodiment of the invention, which includes,
step S1, an output signal sent by a laser enters a Mach-Zehnder modulator to generate a first signal;
s2, injecting a first signal into a single mode fiber through a microwave photon filtering device;
s3, the delayed first signal of the single-mode fiber enters a photoelectric detector to beat frequency to form a second signal;
s4, the second signal enters an electric amplifier to form a third signal, and the third signal enters a radio frequency input port of the electro-optic modulator to form a closed loop;
referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a system for generating a coherent pulse radar signal based on a swept-frequency photoelectric oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which includes, in the step S1, providing a digital frequency synthesizer between a laser and a mach-zehnder, where the digital frequency synthesizer generates a first control signal and a second control signal, where the first control signal is used for being injected into the laser, and the second control signal controls the working point of the mach-zehnder modulator to repeatedly jump at a maximum offset point and a minimum offset point by adjusting the signal amplitude and the bias voltage of the second control signal.
Specifically, on the basis of an FDML-OEO system, a Mach-Zehnder modulator (Mach-Zehnder Modulators, MZM) is additionally arranged outside an OEO (photoelectric oscillator) ring, two low-frequency driving signals are generated through a digital frequency synthesizer (Direct Digital Synthesizer, DDS), and the driving current of the wavelength-adjustable lasers (Tunable Laser Source, TLS) and a bias point controller of the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) are controlled respectively. By controlling the frequency, amplitude and duty cycle of the driving signal, the generation of wideband pulse coherent radar signals with different frequencies and duty cycles can be realized. The time domain broadband signal of an arbitrary duty ratio can be generated by changing the duty ratio of the pulse driving signal, and fine and wide-range tuning of the center frequency of the generated broadband signal can be achieved by changing the initial phase difference of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal or the wavelength of the laser, respectively.
The digital frequency synthesizer tunes the frequencies of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal on the upper and lower driving edges of the starting vibration by tuning the initial phase difference of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal so as to finely regulate and control the center frequency.
The laser is used for finely regulating and controlling the center frequency of the pulse broadband radar signal by generating different driving current.
Specifically, the invention sets the DDS to generate two control signals, and the two control signals have the same clock signal, so that the two driving signals are coherent in time domain, and the generated pulse signals are coherent in theory. And the initial phase difference of the two control signals is tuned, so that the frequency can be tuned on the upper and lower edges of the driving of the starting vibration, and the fine regulation and control of the center frequency can be realized.
The oscillation condition of the first signal is that the cycle of the triangular wave driving signal and the cycle of the pulse driving signal are integral multiples of the round trip time of the loop signal of the photoelectric oscillator, and the round trip time of the loop signal of the photoelectric oscillator is set as T loop Setting T loop ＝n×T triangle ＝n×T pulse Wherein T is triangle For the period of the triangular wave driving signal, T pulse N is a positive integer, which is the period of the pulse driving signal.
Specifically, the invention keeps the frequencies of two low-speed control signals generated by the DDS consistent, ensures the phase relativity of the generated pulse signals, keeps the cycle of the two control signals consistent with the round trip time of the OEO loop signal, and realizes the frequency domain mode locking of the generated signals.
Specifically, the invention realizes random tunability of duty ratio by adjusting modulation signals, changes the initial phase difference of pulse driving signals and triangular wave signals or the wavelength of lasers, and realizes the generation of pulse broadband radar signals with fine center frequency and tunable in a large range.
The Mach-Zehnder modulator sets a first preset pulse driving voltage F1, a second preset pulse driving voltage F2, the pulse driving electrocompaction value is F,
when F is less than or equal to F1, the working point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is positioned at the minimum bias point, and the amplitude value of the first signal entering the loop is controlled to be below an oscillation threshold value so as to enable the Mach-Zehnder modulator to continuously oscillate;
when F is more than or equal to F2, the working point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is located at the maximum bias point, and the amplitude value of the first signal entering the loop is controlled to be above the oscillation threshold value, so that the Mach-Zehnder modulator finishes oscillation.
In the step S2, the microwave photon filtering device includes a circulator connected to the mach-zehnder modulator and used for adjusting the modulated signal, and a phase shift fiber bragg grating connected to the circulator and used for reflecting the signal adjusted by the circulator.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the light output by the laser enters the mach-zehnder modulator, and the digital frequency synthesizer generates two coherent control low-speed signals to respectively control the driving current of the laser and the dc bias point of the mach-zehnder modulator, so as to realize on-off of the loop. Then modulating by an electro-optical modulator, passing through an optical filter to form a microwave photon filter structure, entering a photoelectric detector after delay of a single-mode fiber, entering an electric amplifier to compensate loop loss after beat frequency, and entering a radio frequency input port of the electro-optical modulator to form a closed loop. The control period of the driving current is matched with the loop length of the loop, the generation period of the sweep frequency signal is met, and the period of the pulse voltage control signal is matched with the generation period of the sweep frequency signal. And two peaks are respectively at the minimum bias point and the maximum bias point through the control of the amplitude and the control of the bias voltage. Because of the low-speed coherent control signals, the generated final pulses are coherent, so that the radar signals can be coherent and accumulated, and the measuring range of the radar is expanded. And the duty ratio, pulse duration and the like of the pulse-width modulation circuit can be independently and continuously controlled.
Then, the triangular wave signal and the pulse driving signal are simultaneously input into the system, and the generation of broadband pulse coherent radar signals with different frequencies and duty ratios can be realized through the control of the frequency, the amplitude and the duty ratio of the driving signal. The period of the two drive signals is the same as the round trip time of the OEO loop to achieve FDML-OEO. The amplitude and bias voltage of the pulse driving signal are changed, so that the MZM jumps back and forth between a maximum bias point and a minimum bias point. Changing the duty cycle of the pulsed drive signal, the time domain duty cycle of the broadband signal generated by FDML-OEO will also change in equal proportion. By varying the initial phase difference between the two control signals or the wavelength of the laser, a fine and wide tuning of the center frequency yielding the broadband signal can be achieved, respectively.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The coherent pulse radar signal generation method based on the sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, an output signal sent by a laser enters a Mach-Zehnder modulator to generate a first signal;
s2, injecting a first signal into a single mode fiber through a microwave photon filtering device;
s3, the first signal delayed by the single-mode fiber enters a photoelectric detector to beat frequency to form a second signal;
s4, the second signal enters an electric amplifier to form a third signal, and the third signal enters a radio frequency input port of the electro-optic modulator to form a closed loop;
in the step S1, a digital frequency synthesizer is disposed between the laser and the mach-zehnder modulator, and the digital frequency synthesizer generates a first control signal and a second control signal, where the first control signal is used for being injected into the laser, and the second control signal controls the working point of the mach-zehnder modulator to repeatedly jump at a maximum bias point and a minimum bias point by adjusting the signal amplitude and the bias voltage of the second control signal;
the digital frequency synthesizer is used for generating two low-frequency driving signals, the bias point controllers of the Mach-Zehnder modulator and the driving current of the adjustable wavelength laser are respectively controlled, the wideband pulse coherent radar signals with different frequencies and duty ratios are generated by controlling the frequency, the amplitude and the duty ratio of the driving signals, the time domain wideband signals with any duty ratio are generated by changing the duty ratio of the pulse driving signals, and the fine tuning and the large-scale tuning of the center frequency of the wideband signals can be respectively realized by changing the initial phase difference of the pulse driving signals and the triangular wave signals or the wavelength of the laser.
2. The method for generating coherent pulse radar signals based on the frequency sweep photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the digital frequency synthesizer tunes the frequencies of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal at the upper and lower edges of the driving of the oscillation by tuning the initial phase difference of the pulse driving signal and the triangular wave signal so as to finely regulate the center frequency.
3. The method for generating coherent pulse radar signals based on the sweep frequency photoelectric oscillator according to claim 2, wherein the lasers finely regulate the center frequency of the pulse broadband radar signals by generating different driving current magnitudes.
4. The method of generating a coherent pulse radar signal based on a swept frequency optical oscillator according to claim 3, wherein the first signal has a starting condition that a triangular wave driving signal period and a pulse driving signal period are integral multiples of an optical oscillator loop signal round trip time, and the optical oscillator loop signal round trip time is set to T loop Setting T loop =n×T triangle =n×T pulse Wherein T is triangle For the period of the triangular wave driving signal, T pulse N is a positive integer, which is the period of the pulse driving signal.
5. The method for generating a coherent pulse radar signal based on a swept frequency photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the mach-zehnder modulator sets a first preset pulse driving voltage F1, a second preset pulse driving voltage F2, the pulse driving voltage compacting value is F, wherein,
when F is less than or equal to F1, the working point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is positioned at the minimum bias point, and the amplitude value of the first signal entering the loop is controlled to be below an oscillation threshold value so as to enable the Mach-Zehnder modulator to continuously oscillate;
when F is more than or equal to F2, the working point of the Mach-Zehnder modulator is located at the maximum bias point, and the amplitude value of the first signal entering the loop is controlled to be above the oscillation threshold value, so that the Mach-Zehnder modulator finishes oscillation.
6. The method for generating coherent pulse radar signal based on swept-frequency photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the microwave photon filtering device comprises a circulator connected to the mach-zehnder modulator for adjusting the modulated signal, and a phase shift fiber bragg grating connected to the circulator for reflecting the circulator-adjusted signal.
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