CN113701959B - Air leakage detection method for vehicle exhaust pipeline - Google Patents
Air leakage detection method for vehicle exhaust pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN113701959B CN113701959B CN202010436803.7A CN202010436803A CN113701959B CN 113701959 B CN113701959 B CN 113701959B CN 202010436803 A CN202010436803 A CN 202010436803A CN 113701959 B CN113701959 B CN 113701959B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 173
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
- G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle exhaust pipeline air leakage detection method, which relates to the technical field of engines and is used for rapidly and accurately judging whether a vehicle exhaust pipeline leaks air or not. The vehicle exhaust pipeline air leakage detection method can obtain the difference between Q Measurement of and |Q Original, original -q| by inputting different theoretical urea injection quantity demand values Q based on the existing hardware products, and can rapidly and accurately judge whether the vehicle exhaust pipeline is in the preset range or not according to the difference, so that the vehicle exhaust pipeline air leakage detection method is convenient to test, and complicated test means such as painting and ink-jet are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a vehicle exhaust pipeline air leakage detection method.
Background
The automobile exhaust corrugated pipe is also called an automobile exhaust pipe hose and is arranged in an exhaust pipe between an engine exhaust manifold and a muffler, so that the whole exhaust system is flexibly connected, and the effects of vibration reduction, noise reduction, convenient installation and prolonged service life of the exhaust muffler system are achieved. The exhaust pipe leakage problem occupies very high proportion in the vehicle trouble, and the main reason is that because the exhaust pipeline is "naked", outside the vehicle chassis, can often receive rubble to collide with and sewage to soak subalternation operating mode, exhaust pipeline leakage can mainly have following several points to influence:
1. the power is affected, the automobile is in weak acceleration, and if the engine is unstable in idle speed on the way, the automobile is in choking feeling when the automobile is in a fuelled state.
2. The exhaust pipeline leaks air, and high-temperature air flow (600-700 ℃) can be sprayed to the wire harness and the urea pipeline below the chassis, so that fire disasters are very easy to occur.
3. The pipeline junction leaks gas, can make high velocity of flow tail gas and pipeline avoid the department friction, produces obvious noise, influences indoor personnel and takes the impression.
There is therefore a need for a method that can quickly determine whether an exhaust line is leaking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vehicle exhaust pipeline air leakage detection method which is used for rapidly and accurately judging whether a vehicle exhaust pipeline leaks or not.
The invention provides a vehicle exhaust pipeline air leakage detection method, which comprises the following operation steps:
S10: acquiring the original emission Qoriginal of the original nitrogen oxides of the engine under the current working condition;
s20: calculating a theoretical urea injection quantity demand value Q according to the original emission quantity Qoriginal of the original nitrogen oxides of the engine;
s30: measuring the actual emission quantity Q of nitrogen oxides of the engine under the current working condition and after urea is injected according to the theoretical urea injection quantity demand value Q;
S40: judging whether the difference between the Q measurement and the |Q original-q| is within a preset range, if so, indicating that the vehicle exhaust pipeline is not leaked; if not, the vehicle exhaust pipeline is indicated to be leaked.
In one embodiment, in step S20, the theoretical demand Q for urea injection quantity is calculated by NH3 balancing based on the original emission quantity qoriginal of nitrogen oxides from the engine.
In one embodiment, in step S30, the actual engine nox emissions are measured by a nox sensor.
In one embodiment, the nitrogen oxide sensor is mounted on the rear side of a selective catalytic reduction aftertreatment device of a vehicle exhaust conduit.
In one embodiment, step S10 includes the sub-steps of:
s11: obtaining an original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine according to engine working condition fitting;
s12: and acquiring the emission Qoriginal of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine under the current working condition according to the original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine.
In one embodiment, in step S11, an engine original nox emission model is obtained by fitting with the engine speed as the X axis and the actual fuel injection amount of the engine as the Y axis.
In one embodiment, in step S11, engine operating conditions include engine speed, actual engine fuel injection, pre-engine fuel injection, post-engine fuel injection, engine boost pressure, engine intake air temperature, post-engine treatment temperature, and engine airspeed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention can obtain the difference between Q Measurement of and |Q Original, original -q| based on the existing hardware products by inputting different theoretical urea injection quantity demand values Q, and can rapidly and accurately judge whether the exhaust pipeline of the vehicle leaks air or not according to whether the difference is in a preset range, so that the invention has convenient test and avoids complicated test means such as painting, ink injection and the like.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a vehicle exhaust line leak detection method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an engine raw NOx emission model in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a NOx sensor mounting location in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-nitrogen oxide sensor; 2-a vehicle exhaust line; 3-a selective catalytic reduction aftertreatment device.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for detecting air leakage of an exhaust pipeline of a vehicle, and is particularly suitable for detecting air leakage of an exhaust pipeline of a diesel commercial vehicle. In particular, the method of the present invention comprises the following operative steps.
Firstly, acquiring the original emission Q Original, original of nitrogen oxides of the engine under the current working condition.
Specifically, first, an engine raw NOx emission model is obtained from an engine operating condition fit.
And secondly, acquiring the emission Q Original, original of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine under the current working condition according to the original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine.
For example, the original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine can be obtained by taking the engine speed in the working condition of the engine as an X axis and taking the actual fuel injection quantity of the engine as a Y axis. In addition, other working conditions of the engine, such as engine speed, actual fuel injection quantity of the engine, pre-fuel injection quantity of the engine, post-fuel injection quantity of the engine, boost pressure of the engine, air inlet temperature of the engine, post-treatment temperature of the engine, airspeed of the engine and the like, can be used as correction parameters to correct the original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine.
In one specific embodiment, the engine raw NOx emission model is shown in Table 1 below.
Since the engine speed defaults to 650rpm or more, it is considered that urea injection is not required at a speed between 5 and 600, and therefore, in table 1, the engine speed is not set to a value corresponding to the original nox emission Q Original, original of the engine in a range between 5 and 600.
Table 1 list of engine raw nox emissions models
As shown in table 1, if the value corresponding to the current engine speed X and the value corresponding to the actual engine injection amount Y are known, the value of the corresponding original engine nox emission Q Original, original can be found from table 1. For example, the engine is stably operated to a region where the rotational speed is 1500rpm and the actual injection amount is 100mg, and the emission amount Q Original, original of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine in the region is 670ppm. If the engine is stably operated to a region with the rotating speed of 2000rpm and the actual fuel injection quantity of 150mg, the original nitrogen oxide emission quantity Q Original, original of the engine in the region is 1520ppm.
Fig. 2 shows an engine original nox emission model, in which the horizontal axis represents the engine speed X, the vertical axis represents the actual injection amount Y of the engine, and the height represents the emission amount of the engine original nox corresponding to the engine speed X and the actual injection amount Y of the engine.
Further, as shown in table 1, the value of the original nitrogen oxide emission amount Q Original, original of the engine has a tendency to gradually increase with an increase in the actual fuel injection amount Y of the engine; the value of the engine raw nitrogen oxide emission Q Original, original also has a tendency to gradually increase with an increase in the engine speed X.
And secondly, calculating a theoretical urea injection quantity demand value Q according to the original emission quantity Q Original, original of the nitrogen oxides of the engine.
Specifically, according to the emission quantity Q Original, original of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine, a NH 3 balance method is adopted to calculate the theoretical demand value Q of the urea injection quantity.
For diesel engines, the main component of nitrogen oxides NOx is NO (the content of which is above 95%), so that the ammonia NH 3 balance method can be used to quickly determine how much urea content is needed for the current operating conditions.
The reaction relationship between ammonia gas NH 3 and nitric oxide NO is as follows:
4NH3+4NO+O2→4N2+6H2O
From the above reaction equation, it is known that the molar ratio of NH 3 to NO is 1:1, and therefore, when the amount of NO (which can be considered to be the same as the original emission amount Q Original, original of the engine nitrogen oxide) is determined, the required amount of NH 3 can be obtained from this, and the urea injection demand Q can be obtained.
The urea injection quantity requirement value q determined according to the working condition of the engine is required to be input as a known parameter, so that the engine operates under the current working condition, and whether the exhaust pipe leaks air or not is detected.
As mentioned above, the engine is stably operated to a region where the rotational speed is 1500rpm and the actual injection amount is 100mg, and the emission amount Q Original, original of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine in this region is 670ppm (i.e., the gas concentration of nitrogen oxide), whereby the gas concentration of NH 3 is 670ppm. If the engine is stably operated to a region with the rotational speed of 2000rpm and the actual fuel injection amount of 150mg, the emission amount Q Original, original of original nitrogen oxides of the engine in the region is 1520ppm, so that the gas concentration of ammonia gas NH 3 is 1520ppm.
The method for obtaining the urea injection quantity demand q from the quantity of ammonia gas NH 3 is as follows.
First, the emission amount Q Original, original of the engine original nitrogen oxide, that is, the gas concentration of the nitrogen oxide, in ppm, is converted into the mass flow rate G NOx of the engine original nitrogen oxide (in G/s) according to the formula (1).
In the formula (1), the mass flow rate of original nitrogen oxides NOx of the G NOx engine is expressed in G/s;
n is a conversion coefficient, in this embodiment, n= 0.001587;
p is the exhaust flow, and the unit is kg/h;
t is time in s.
In the equation (1), the unit of the exhaust gas flow rate P needs to be converted into g/s at the time of calculation.
Next, in the reaction formula of ammonia gas NH 3 and nitrogen oxides NOx (as described above), since the main component of nitrogen oxides NO X in diesel engines is nitrogen monoxide NO at present, the molar ratio of NH 3 to NO is 1:1. i.e. 1mol of NH3 equals 1mol of NO, in other words 17g of NH 3 can consume 28g of NO.
The mass flow rate G NOx of the nitrogen oxides (which can be regarded as equal to the mass flow rate of NO) thus calculated according to the formula (1) can obtain the mass flow rate of NH 3
Finally, the mass flow G of urea is obtained according to formula (2).
In the formula (2), G is the mass flow rate of urea, and the unit is G/s;
c is the concentration of urea; c=0.325 in this example;
m is the molecular weight of urea; m= 60.056 in this example;
m is the molecular weight of the NH 3 component; m=17 in this embodiment;
the mass flow rate of NH 3 is expressed in g/s.
Further, the volumetric flow VF of urea can be obtained according to equation (3), which can be input as a known parameter.
In the formula (3), VF is the volume flow of urea, and the unit is ml/s;
G is the mass flow rate of urea, and the unit is G/s;
ρ is the density of urea in g/ml;
The urea density ρ can be obtained according to the following table 2, among others.
In this example, the temperature was room temperature, namely 20 ℃, and the urea concentration C was 32.5%, so ρ=1.09 g/ml was assumed.
TABLE 2 Density of urea melt and aqueous Urea solution at atmospheric pressure
g/cm3
And thirdly, measuring the actual emission Q Measurement of of nitrogen oxides of the engine under the current working condition and after urea is injected according to the theoretical urea injection demand value Q.
Under the current working condition, after urea is injected according to the theoretical urea injection quantity demand value q, the urea is integrated with nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas so as to eliminate the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Therefore, the actual emission amount Q Measurement of of nitrogen oxides of the engine can be measured by the nitrogen oxide sensor 1. As shown in fig. 3, the nitrogen oxide sensor 1 is mounted on the rear side of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) aftertreatment device 3 of a vehicle exhaust line 2. The residual quantity of nitrogen oxides (and the concentration of NH3 gas) in the exhaust gas, i.e. the actual emission quantity Q Measuring Measuring amount of nitrogen oxides from the engine, can be determined by means of the nitrogen oxide sensor 1.
Fourth, judging whether the difference phase between Q Measurement of and |Q Original, original -q| is within a preset range, if yes, indicating that the vehicle exhaust pipeline is not leaked; if not, the vehicle exhaust pipeline is indicated to be leaked.
In the second step, the theoretical urea injection amount requirement Q is calculated by using NH 3 balance method, so that |q Original, original -q|=0, in other words, in theory, the urea injection amount requirement Q should be the same as the original emission amount Q Original, original of the nitrogen oxide of the engine, that is, after urea injection, the residual amount of the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas is zero. However, in actual operation of the vehicle, the residual amount of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas cannot be zero, so that the above-mentioned |q Original, original -q| is set to a smaller preset range, for example, may be within 10ppm, so as to more quickly judge whether the exhaust pipe leaks.
If: q Measurement of -|Q Original, original -Q is less than or equal to 10, which indicates that NH3 and nitrogen oxides NO X are completely integrated, so that the difference between the measured actual emission Q Measurement of of the engine and a theoretical value (namely zero) is smaller, and the fact that the vehicle exhaust pipeline is not leaked is indicated; if: q Measurement of -|Q Original, original -q| > 10, the detection of NH 3 by the NOx sensor 1 indicates that the exhaust pipeline has a leakage phenomenon, so that a large amount of original NOx emission Q Original, original of the engine leaks, namely a leakage point exists in front of a urea nozzle.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A vehicle exhaust line leak detection method, comprising the steps of:
S10: acquiring the original emission Q Original, original of nitrogen oxides of the engine under the current working condition;
S20: calculating a theoretical urea injection quantity demand value Q according to the original emission quantity Q Original, original of the nitrogen oxides of the engine;
s30: measuring the actual emission quantity Q Measurement of of nitrogen oxides of the engine under the current working condition and after urea is injected according to the theoretical urea injection quantity demand value Q;
S40: judging whether the difference between Q Measurement of and |Q Original, original -q| is within a preset range, if so, indicating that the vehicle exhaust pipeline is not leaked; if not, the air leakage of the vehicle exhaust pipeline is indicated;
In step S20, according to the emission Q Original, original of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine, calculating the theoretical requirement Q of urea injection quantity by adopting NH 3 balance method;
the reaction relationship between ammonia gas NH 3 and nitric oxide NO is as follows:
The molar ratio of NH 3 to NO is 1:1, so that when the amount of NO is determined, the required amount of NH 3 can be obtained according to the determined amount of NO, and the urea injection amount demand value q can be obtained; the amount of NO is the same as the original emission amount Q Original, original of nitrogen oxides from the engine.
2. The vehicle exhaust line leak detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S30, the actual emission amount Q Measurement of of nitrogen oxides of the engine is measured by a nitrogen oxide sensor.
3. The vehicle exhaust line leak detection method according to claim 2, wherein the nitrogen oxide sensor is mounted on a rear side of a selective catalytic reduction aftertreatment device of the vehicle exhaust line.
4. The vehicle exhaust line air leakage detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S10 includes the sub-steps of:
s11: obtaining an original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine according to engine working condition fitting;
s12: and acquiring the emission Q Original, original of the original nitrogen oxide of the engine under the current working condition according to the original nitrogen oxide emission model of the engine.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S11, the engine original nox emission model is obtained by fitting with the engine speed as the X axis and the actual fuel injection amount of the engine as the Y axis.
6. The method of detecting air leakage in an exhaust line of a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein in step S11, the engine operating conditions include an engine speed, an actual engine injection amount, an engine pre-injection amount, an engine post-injection amount, an engine boost pressure, an engine intake air temperature, an engine post-treatment temperature, and an engine airspeed.
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