CN113697956A - Method for rapidly culturing aerobic granular sludge - Google Patents
Method for rapidly culturing aerobic granular sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN113697956A CN113697956A CN202110994557.1A CN202110994557A CN113697956A CN 113697956 A CN113697956 A CN 113697956A CN 202110994557 A CN202110994557 A CN 202110994557A CN 113697956 A CN113697956 A CN 113697956A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/303—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the nitrification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly culturing aerobic granular sludge, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing simulated wastewater according to domestic sewage components, and then respectively inoculating sludge in each biological reaction tank; continuously lifting the prepared simulated wastewater to a first biological reaction tank through a water inlet component, and carrying out aeration or stirring according to the type of the biological reaction tank; granular sludge with large grain diameter and good sedimentation performance is settled in a sludge backflow area under the action of a baffle plate and flows back to the first biological reaction tank through a sludge backflow system; the sludge with poor settling property overflows to a sludge discharge area along with the water flow over the movable baffle plate to be discharged, and the sludge is repeatedly and circularly screened along with continuous water inflow until aerobic granular sludge with good settling property is formed in each biological reaction tank. The invention has simple structure, convenient operation and low requirement on the operation environment, is suitable for treating various water qualities including wastewater with low concentration and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, has excellent denitrification and dephosphorization effect and high productivity of aerobic granular sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, relates to an activated sludge culture technology, and particularly relates to a method for quickly culturing aerobic granular sludge.
Background
The activated sludge process has been the main biological treatment technology for town sewage and organic industrial wastewater after more than 100 years of development, but the activated sludge process has the inherent defects of large occupied area, high aeration energy consumption, large amount of excess sludge generation and the like, and the emergence of the aerobic granular sludge technology provides a new idea and direction for the research and development of the activated sludge treatment process. The Aerobic Granular Sludge (AGS) is a biological aggregate with a compact structure formed by the self-coagulation of microorganisms under certain conditions, has smooth and clear edges, compact structure, good settling capacity and higher biomass retention capacity, and has stronger tolerance to high organic wastewater and toxic and harmful substances. Because the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) has higher height-diameter ratio, stronger hydraulic shearing force and smaller full-feeding hunger ratio, which is beneficial to the formation of aerobic granular sludge, the culture of the aerobic granular sludge is mainly realized in the SBR at present, so that the aerobic granular sludge needs to be cultured in the continuous flow reactor, the above-mentioned several internal factors promoting the sludge granulation need to be introduced into the continuous flow reactor, and the innovation of the configuration of the reactor and the operation mode thereof is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The main objective of the present invention is to provide a continuous flow bioreactor capable of effectively introducing strong hydraulic shear force, small satiety starvation ratio, gradually increased sedimentation selective pressure, and realizing rapid culture of aerobic granular sludge in a continuous flow mode of continuous water inlet and water outlet, and a method for promoting continuous flow activated sludge granulation, so as to solve the technical problem that stable aerobic granular sludge is difficult to rapidly form in the process of treating low-concentration and low carbon-nitrogen ratio by a continuous flow process.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for rapidly culturing aerobic granular sludge adopts a continuous flow bioreactor to rapidly culture the aerobic granular sludge, wherein the continuous flow bioreactor comprises a water inlet assembly, an aeration device, a reactor tank body and a sludge reflux system, the reactor tank body consists of a plurality of biological reaction tanks and a sludge selection tank, and the plurality of biological reaction tanks are sequentially communicated through an overflowing hole to form a biological reaction zone; the sewage inlet assembly is used for feeding sewage into the first biological reaction tank, the last biological reaction tank is connected with the sludge selection tank through the outflow port, the space in the sludge selection tank is a sludge selection area, a baffle is arranged in the sludge selection tank to divide the sludge selection tank into a sludge backflow area and a sludge discharge area along the water flow direction, the bottom of the sludge backflow area is provided with a sludge backflow port, and the bottom of the sludge discharge area is provided with a sludge discharge port with a valve; a drainage device is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the sludge discharge area;
the sludge reflux system is used for refluxing the settled sludge in the sludge reflux area to the first biological reaction tank through a sludge reflux port;
the baffle comprises a fixed baffle positioned at the lower part and a movable baffle positioned at the upper part and adjustable in height, and applied sedimentation selective pressure can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the height of the movable baffle, so that the screening effect on sludge is realized;
the aeration device is used for selectively introducing air or oxygen into each biological reaction tank for aeration and oxygenation so as to form an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank or an anoxic tank and form different operation modes.
The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a water inlet source: in order to simulate the quality of domestic sewage with low strength and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, simulated artificial wastewater is adopted as a water inlet source, and is prepared according to the following components: 150-300 mg/L of CH3COONa, 30-50 mg/L of NH4Cl, 410-20 mg/L of KH2PO, 26-15 mg/L of CaCl, 0.10-0.20mg/L of MgSO4 & 7H2 636-15 mg/L, 30.5-1.2 mg/L of FeCl0.5-0.20 mg/L, H3BO30.10-0.20 mg/L, 0.10-0.20mg/L of KI, 0.02-0.05 mg/L of CuSO4 & 5H2O, 0.10-0.20mg/L of Mn539Cl4 & 4H 27, 0.03-0.08 mg/L of MnQ 4 & 7H2O, 0.09-0.15 mg/L of ZnSO4 & 7H2, 0.10-0.20mg/L of CoCl2 & 6H2O, 0.10-0.20mg/L of Na2Mo 24 & 4H 2O.04-0.09 mg/L, 8mg/L of EDTA, and pH 7-12 mg/L;
step two, sludge inoculation: settling and concentrating activated sludge taken from an aerobic tank of a sewage treatment plant, adding simulated artificial wastewater for 1-2 days, respectively adding a proper amount of sludge subjected to stuffy aeration into each biological reaction tank of a biological reaction zone, and adding simulated artificial wastewater to the effective working volume of a reactor to ensure that the sludge concentration of each biological reaction tank is 2500-3000 mg/L;
step three, operation and regulation: continuously lifting the prepared simulated wastewater to the upper part of the first biological reaction tank through a water inlet component to enter the reactor, controlling the water inlet flow rate to enable the hydraulic retention time to reach a set value, enabling the inlet water to sequentially pass through the biological reaction tanks, stirring in an anaerobic tank, and aerating and stirring in an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank;
step four, the sludge-water mixed liquor enters a sludge selection area from the lower part of the last biological reaction tank, granular sludge with large particle size and good sedimentation performance is settled in a sludge return area under the action of a baffle plate, and the sludge settled in the sludge return area flows back to the first biological reaction tank through a sludge return system; the sludge with poor settling property overflows to a sludge discharge area along with the water flow over the movable baffle plate to be discharged, and the sludge is repeatedly and circularly screened along with continuous water inflow until aerobic granular sludge with good settling property is formed in each biological reaction tank.
Preferably, the number of the biological reaction tanks is 2-10, and the plurality of biological reaction tanks and the sludge selection tank are formed by separating a tank body through partition plates.
Preferably, the biological reaction tank is selectively arranged into an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank by adjusting the aeration quantity of the aeration device, and the operation mode of the invention is A/O, A/O/A, A/A/O, A/O/A/O, wherein A represents anaerobic or anoxic, and O represents aerobic.
Preferably, the sludge reflux system comprises a sludge return pipe, a sludge reflux pool and an air pump, the sludge reflux pool is arranged right above the first biological reaction pool, a sludge inlet is formed above the pool body, the sludge inlet is connected with the sludge reflux area through the sludge return pipe, the bottom of the sludge reflux pool is funnel-shaped, and a sludge outlet is formed at the lowest part of the funnel; the sludge outlet is communicated with a biological reaction zone below through a sludge outlet pipe; it has the gas outlet to open on the mud backward flow pond lateral wall, the gas outlet is connected with the aspiration pump through the exhaust tube, through the aspiration pump can take out the air in the mud backward flow pond and make its inside negative pressure that forms to make the great granular sludge of particle diameter flow back again to the mud backward flow pond under the effect of negative pressure suction in the mud backward flow district, the sludge is accumulated up to certain degree in the mud backward flow pond, closes the aspiration pump, opens the admission valve, makes the atmospheric pressure that resumes in the mud backward flow pond, opens out the mud ball valve, mud in the mud backward flow pond flows into first biological reaction pond under the action of gravity.
Preferably, the sludge recirculation system further comprises an automatic control device, the automatic control device is connected with the air pump and valves in the sludge recirculation system, and the automatic control device can automatically adjust the opening and closing cycle periods of the air pump and the corresponding valves.
Preferably, the water inlet assembly comprises a water inlet tank, a water inlet pipe and a water pump, artificial simulation or actual sewage is filled in the water inlet tank, one end of the water inlet pipe is immersed in the water inlet tank, the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the first biological reaction tank, and the sewage is continuously lifted into the biological reaction tanks through the water pump.
Preferably, the bottom in mud discharge district is equipped with the collection mud swash plate, mud discharge port department still is equipped with the mud discharging ball valve, the mud discharging ball valve other end is connected with the mud pipe, the low point department of collection mud swash plate is all located to mud backward flow mouth and mud discharge port.
Preferably, the flowing holes are arranged between the biological reaction tanks in a diagonal space and staggered in height, so that the sewage flows through the biological reaction tanks in turn.
Preferably, each of the biological reaction tanks except the first biological reaction tank is provided with a detachable stirrer.
Preferably, the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the outer wall of each biological reaction tank are provided with sampling ports which are convenient for sampling and analyzing the muddy water mixed liquor; the bottom of the reactor tank body is also provided with an emptying valve which is convenient for cleaning the reactor tank body.
Preferably, aeration equipment installs in every biological reaction pond bottom of the pool, aeration equipment includes aeration head, aeration valve, aeration pipe and aeration pump, wherein the interior bottom of aeration head installation biological reaction pond, aeration valve installs in the outer bottom of biological reaction pond, aeration valve one end links to each other with the interior aeration head of cell body, and the other end passes through the aeration pipe and is connected with the aeration pump.
The number of the biological reaction tanks is 7, the 7 biological reaction tanks and the sludge selection tank are formed by separating a tank body through a partition plate, and the biological reaction tanks are selectively arranged into an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank by adjusting the aeration quantity of the aeration device.
The drainage device comprises an overflow weir arranged above the sludge discharge area in the sludge selection tank and a water outlet arranged on the outer wall of the sludge selection tank and communicated with the overflow weir.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the height of the movable baffle plate in the sludge selection area is adjusted and reduced once per week from the highest position, the height position of each adjustment is 2cm below the sludge surface, the sedimentation selection pressure is gradually applied until the height of the movable baffle plate is adjusted to the lowest position, and the corresponding sedimentation selection pressure is the largest.
Preferably, the dissolved oxygen concentrations of the anaerobic tank, the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank are respectively controlled to be 0.15 +/-0.05 mg/L, 4 +/-0.05 mg/L and 0.40 +/-0.05 mg/L.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the stirrer for stirring in the aerobic pool and the anoxic pool is 140-200 r/min.
Preferably, the starting period of the sludge reflux system is set to be 20-60 min, so that the sludge reflux amount is 100-300%; and manually discharging the flocculent sludge screened by the sludge selection area once every two days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the continuous flow bioreactor for quickly culturing the aerobic granular sludge, which is provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, low requirement on the operation environment, suitability for various water quality treatments including wastewater with low concentration and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, excellent denitrification and dephosphorization effects and high productivity of the aerobic granular sludge; meanwhile, the invention adopts the air pressure difference as the lifting power of the sludge backflow, and integrates the main body part of the sludge backflow system into the biological flow reactor, thereby effectively avoiding the defect of sludge backflow by using a blade type sludge pump or a peristaltic pump, enhancing the integrity of the system and enabling the operation and maintenance of the system to be simpler and more convenient.
The invention adopts the negative pressure suction as the basic principle of the sludge reflux system, effectively avoids the damage and damage to the sludge caused by crushing the granular sludge in the process of conveying the sludge by using mechanical equipment, maintains the integrity of the activated sludge to the maximum extent and improves the culture efficiency of the activated sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a continuous flow bioreactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a continuous flow bioreactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation of each water quality index along the process in the continuous flow bioreactor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the process for rapidly culturing aerobic granular sludge according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-fixed baffle, 2-movable baffle, 3-sludge reflux area, 4-sludge reflux port, 5-sludge reflux ball valve, 6-sludge discharge area, 7-sludge discharge port, 8-sludge discharge ball valve, 9-sludge discharge pipe, 10-sludge collection inclined plate, 11-first biological reaction tank, 12-second biological reaction tank, 13-third biological reaction tank, 14-fourth biological reaction tank, 15-fifth biological reaction tank, 16-sixth biological reaction tank, 17-seventh biological reaction tank, 18-overflow weir, 19-overflow hole, 20-stirrer, 21-sludge reflux tank, 22-sludge inlet, 23-sludge outlet, 24-sludge outlet, 25-sludge outlet pipe, 26-air inlet, 27-air outlet, 28-mud return pipe, 29-sampling port, 30-water inlet tank, 31-water inlet pipe, 32-peristaltic pump, 33-water outlet tank, 34-water outlet pipe, 35-water outlet valve, 36-water outlet, 37-gas outlet valve, 38-gas pumping pipe, 39-gas pumping pump, 40-aeration head, 41-aeration valve, 42-gas flow meter, 43-aeration pipe, 44-aeration pump, 45-flow outlet, 46-sludge selection tank.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a continuous flow bioreactor for quickly culturing aerobic granular sludge, which comprises a reactor tank body and a sludge reflux system. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the reactor tank body is a rectangular parallelepiped, the length-width-height ratio of the reactor tank body is 4:2:3, the inside of the tank body is divided by a partition board into a biological reaction region and a sludge selection region, wherein the volume ratio of the biological reaction region to the sludge selection region is 7:1, the biological reaction region includes seven biological reaction tanks, the seven biological reaction tanks are sequentially a first biological reaction tank 11, a second biological reaction tank 12, a third biological reaction tank 13, a fourth biological reaction tank 14, a fifth biological reaction tank 15, a sixth biological reaction tank 16 and a seventh biological reaction tank 17 in the direction of water flow propulsion, wherein the first biological reaction tank 11 to the third biological reaction tank 13 are anaerobic tanks, the fourth biological reaction tank 14 and the fifth biological reaction tank 15 are aerobic tanks, and the sixth biological reaction tank 16 and the seventh biological reaction tank 17 are anoxic tanks, the length-width-height ratio of a single biological reaction tank is 1:1:3, the interior of the reactor can be promoted to form an organic matter concentration gradient from high to low along a flow path by dividing more biological reaction tanks, and the longer the hunger section is, the smaller the satiety and hunger ratio is, so that granular sludge is more easily formed.
As shown in fig. 2, a water inlet assembly is arranged outside the reactor tank body, the water inlet assembly includes a water inlet tank 30, a water inlet pipe 31 and a water pump, wherein the water pump in the water inlet assembly is a peristaltic pump 32 with good sealing performance and corrosion resistance, the peristaltic pump 32 is relatively independent from the water inlet tank 30, the simulated artificial wastewater is filled in the water inlet tank 30, the peristaltic pump 32 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 31, one end of the water inlet pipe 31 is immersed in the water inlet tank 30, the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the top of the first biological reaction tank 11, and the muddy water mixed liquid in the water inlet tank 30 can be injected into the first biological reaction tank 11 through the peristaltic pump 32; in the seven biological reaction tanks, the partition plate between two adjacent biological reaction tanks is provided with overflowing holes 19 along the advancing direction of water flow, the seven biological reaction tanks are sequentially communicated through the overflowing holes 19, the overflowing holes 19 are arranged between the biological reaction tanks in a diagonal space and staggered in height, for example, the overflowing hole 19 between the first biological reaction tank 11 and the second biological reaction tank 12 is arranged at the bottom of the lower left corner along the water flow direction, the overflowing hole 19 between the second biological reaction tank 12 and the third biological reaction tank 13 is arranged in the middle of the right side along the water flow direction, the water flow direction is in a transverse U shape, the size of the overflowing hole 19 of the biological reaction tank is 2cm × 2cm, the muddy water mixed liquid can be fully mixed in each tank, and the treatment effect of the muddy water mixed liquid can be improved.
As shown in fig. 2, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the reactor, the aeration fittings comprise an aeration head 40, an aeration valve 41, an aeration pipe 43 and an aeration pump 44, wherein the aeration head 40 is arranged at the inner bottom of each biological reaction tank, the aeration valve 41 is arranged at the outer bottom of the biological reaction tank, one end of the aeration valve 41 is connected with the aeration head 40 in the tank body, the other end is connected with the aeration pump 44 through the aeration pipe 43, a gas flow meter 42 for detecting the aeration intensity is further arranged on the aeration pipe 43, and in addition to the first biological reaction tank 11, the other biological reaction tanks are also provided with detachable stirrers 20, the sludge in the anaerobic tank is stirred, the sludge-water mixed liquid in the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank is aerated and stirred, so that the longitudinal water flow and the ascending aeration are used for providing stronger and more three-dimensional hydraulic shearing force for the sludge-water mixed liquid together, the friction and collision among the sludge are enhanced, the microorganism coagulation is promoted, extracellular polymer is secreted to enhance the surface hydrophobicity, and the formation of aerobic granular sludge is further promoted. According to the invention, air or oxygen is selectively introduced into each biological reaction tank through the aeration device to carry out aeration and oxygenation, and the aeration intensity is adjusted through the gas flowmeter 42, so that aerobic, micro-aerobic and anaerobic environmental conditions can be formed in different biological reaction tanks, and an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank or an anoxic tank can be formed; therefore, the integrated continuous flow reactor can be flexibly adjusted to realize different process flows of A/O, A/O/A, A/A/O, A/O/A/O and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sludge selecting area is arranged behind the biological reaction area, in this embodiment, the sludge selecting area is a sludge selecting tank 46, a sludge collecting sloping plate 10 is arranged at the bottom inside the sludge selecting tank 46, a fixed baffle 1 is arranged above the sludge collecting sloping plate 10, the fixed baffle 1 divides the inner lower part of the sludge selecting tank 46 into a sludge return area 3 and a sludge discharge area 6 along the water flow direction, a flow outlet 45 is arranged at the lower part of a partition plate between the sludge return area 3 and the seventh biological reaction tank 17, a sludge-water mixture after reaction in the biological reaction area can enter the sludge return area 3 of the sludge selecting area through the flow outlet 45, the sludge-water mixture turns over from the upper part of the fixed baffle 1 and flows into the sludge discharge area 6, a sludge return port 4 is arranged at the lower point of the sludge collecting sloping plate 10 of the sludge return area 3, a sludge return ball valve 5 with a large diameter is arranged on the sludge return port 4 and connected with a sludge return system, after the sludge-water mixed liquor enters the sludge selection area from the lower part of the seventh biological reaction tank 17, granular sludge with large particle size and good sedimentation performance is settled in the sludge return area 3, and then the granular sludge flows back to the biological reaction area through the sludge return system to continue the circulation reaction; sludge with poor settling property overflows to a sludge discharge area 6 along with water flow over a baffle plate, a sludge discharge port 7 is arranged at the lower point of a sludge collecting inclined plate 10 at the bottom of the sludge discharge area 6, a sludge discharge ball valve 8 is also arranged at the sludge discharge port 7, the other end of the sludge discharge ball valve 8 is connected with a sludge discharge pipe 9, and screened flocculent sludge can be discharged from the sludge discharge pipe 9 by opening the sludge discharge ball valve 8; in order to further promote the formation of aerobic granular sludge, a movable baffle 2 is movably arranged above the fixed baffle 1 through a clamping groove, the position of the movable baffle 2 can be continuously adjusted up and down, so that the overall height of a baffle between the sludge recirculation zone 3 and the sludge discharge zone 6 can be changed, the applied sedimentation selective pressure can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the position of the movable baffle 2, the screening effect on sludge is realized, for example, more sludge needs to be refluxed, the height of the movable baffle 2 is increased, more sludge is blocked by the fixed baffle 1 and the high movable baffle 2, and the sludge is settled in the sludge recirculation zone 3 and refluxed to the biological reaction zone through a sludge recirculation system.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sludge return system comprises a sludge return pipe 28, a sludge return tank 21 and a suction pump 39, the sludge return tank 21 is arranged right above the first biological reaction tank 11, a sludge inlet 22 is formed in the top of the sludge return tank, the sludge inlet 22 is communicated with a sludge return ball valve 5 at the bottom of the sludge return zone 3 through the sludge return pipe 28, the bottom of the sludge return tank 21 is funnel-shaped, and a sludge outlet 23 is formed in the lowest part of the funnel; a mud outlet ball valve 24 is arranged at the mud outlet 23, and the mud outlet ball valve 24 is communicated with the inside of the first biological reaction tank 11 below through a mud outlet pipe 25; the side wall of the sludge return pool 21 is provided with an air inlet 26 and an air outlet 27, the air inlet 26 is provided with an air inlet valve, the sludge return pool 21 can be communicated with the atmosphere after the air inlet valve is opened, the air outlets 27 are provided with air outlet valves 37, and the air outlet valves 37 are connected with an air suction pump 39 through an air suction pipe 38; after the air outlet valve 37 at the air outlet 27 is opened, the air in the sludge return tank 21 can be pumped out through the air pump 39 to enable the interior of the sludge return tank to form negative pressure, so that granular sludge with larger particle diameter in the sludge return zone 3 flows back to the sludge return tank 21 under the action of negative pressure suction, when the sludge in the sludge return tank 21 is accumulated to a certain degree, the air pump 39 is closed, the air inlet valve is opened, the atmospheric pressure in the sludge return tank 21 is recovered, the sludge outlet ball valve 24 is opened, the sludge in the sludge return tank 21 flows into the first biological reaction tank 11 under the action of gravity, and the aerobic granular sludge with good settling property can be finally formed through continuous water inlet and repeated circulation screening.
As a preferred embodiment, the sludge recirculation system further comprises an automatic control device, the automatic control device is connected with the air pump 39 and the valves in the sludge recirculation system, and the automatic control device can automatically adjust the opening and closing cycle periods of the air pump 39 and the corresponding valves, so as to flexibly design the sludge recirculation ratio, and meanwhile, the larger the volume of the sludge recirculation tank 21 is, the higher the upper limit of the designable recirculation ratio is, the larger the adjustable range is.
The working flow of the sludge return system is as follows:
firstly, automatically closing the stirrer 20 of the biological reaction tank through an automatic control device to avoid interference with a sludge backflow effect, then simultaneously opening a sludge backflow ball valve 5 at the bottom of the sludge backflow zone 3, an air outlet valve 37 at an air outlet 27 and an air suction pump 39, wherein the air suction pump 39 can continuously suck air out of the sludge backflow tank 21, negative pressure is formed inside the sludge backflow tank 21, the sludge in the sludge backflow zone 3 is lifted into the sludge backflow tank 21 by utilizing atmospheric pressure, and an air inlet valve at an air inlet 26 and a sludge outlet ball valve 24 at a sludge outlet 23 of the sludge backflow tank 21 are kept in a closed state at the stage;
after the sludge feeding stage is finished, the sludge return ball valve 5 at the bottom of the sludge return zone 3, the air outlet valve 37 at the air outlet 27 and the air pump 39 are automatically closed, then the air inlet valve at the air inlet 26 is simultaneously opened to keep the sludge return tank 21 communicated with the atmospheric pressure, the sludge outlet ball valve 24 in the sludge return tank 21 is opened to make the sludge in the tank gravity flow back to the first biological reaction tank 11 through the sludge outlet 23, and then the stirrer 20 in the biological reaction tank is opened to recover the working state.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to facilitate sampling and analyzing of the muddy water mixed solution, the upper, middle and lower parts of the outer wall of each biological reaction tank are also provided with sampling ports 29, and the sampling ports 29 are controlled to be opened and closed by valves; the bottom of the reactor tank body is also provided with a vent valve, so that the reactor tank body can be conveniently cleaned.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in order to prevent the excess sludge-water mixture in the tank body of the reactor from affecting the production efficiency of the aerobic granular sludge, the continuous flow bioreactor further comprises a drainage device, the drainage device comprises an overflow weir 18 arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the sludge selection tank 46 at one side of the sludge discharge zone 6, a water outlet 36 is arranged at the upper part of the outer wall of the sludge selection tank 46 corresponding to the overflow weir 18, a water outlet valve 35 is arranged at the water outlet 36 and connected with a water outlet tank 33 through a water outlet pipe 34, and the clear water above the settled sludge in the sludge discharge zone uniformly overflows through the overflow weir 18 and flows into the water outlet tank 33 along the water outlet pipe 34.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a method for rapidly culturing aerobic granular sludge, wherein the flowing aerobic granular sludge is rapidly cultured by wastewater with low concentration and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, the method mainly realizes rapid culture of aerobic granular sludge in a continuous water inlet and outlet continuous flow mode by effectively introducing strong hydraulic shear force, small saturated starvation ratio and gradually increased sedimentation selective pressure, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing water inlet source
In order to simulate the quality of domestic sewage with low strength and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, the water inlet source adopts simulated artificial wastewater, and muddy water mixed liquid is prepared according to the following components: CH (CH)3COONa 323.75mg/L，NH4Cl 76.53mg/L，KH2PO4 14.6mg/L，CaCl210mg/L，MgSO4·7H2O 10mg/L，FeCl3 0.9mg/L，H3BO3 0.15mg/L，KI 0.18mg/L，CuSO4·5H2O 0.03mg/L，MnCl2·4H2O 0.06mg/L，ZnSO4·7H2O 0.12mg/L，CoCl2·6H2O 0.15mg/L，Na2Mo7O24·4H2O 0.06mg/L，EDTA 10mg/L，pH 7～8；
(2) Inoculating sludge
Settling and concentrating traditional activated sludge taken from an aerobic tank of a sewage treatment plant, adding prepared simulated artificial wastewater for 1-2 days, respectively adding a proper amount of sludge subjected to stuffy aeration into each tank of a biological reaction zone, and adding artificial simulated wastewater to the effective working volume of a reactor to enable the sludge concentration of each biological reaction tank to be 2500-3000 mg/L;
(3) operation and regulation
The anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (A/O/A) mode is adopted for operation, the sludge-water mixed liquor in the water inlet tank 30 is continuously lifted to the upper part of the first biological reaction tank 11 by the peristaltic pump 32 to enter the reactor, the water inlet flow is controlled to be 41.67mL/min, the hydraulic retention time is 12 hours, the inlet water sequentially passes through the first biological reaction tank 11 to the seventh biological reaction tank 17, the stirring is carried out in the anaerobic tank, and the aeration and the stirring are carried out in the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank; then, sludge-water mixed liquor enters a sludge selection area from the lower part of the seventh biological reaction tank 17, granular sludge with large particle size and good sedimentation performance is settled in the sludge return area 3 under the action of a baffle plate, and the sludge settled in the sludge return area 3 flows back to the first biological reaction tank 11 through the sludge return opening 4 and the sludge return system; the sludge with poor settling property overflows to a sludge discharge area 6 along with the water flow passing over the movable baffle 2, and the sludge is repeatedly and circularly screened along with continuous water inflow until aerobic granular sludge with good settling property is formed. The obtained aerobic granular sludge can be taken out for other sewage treatment equipment, and can also be used as activated sludge for sewage treatment on site.
The height of the movable baffle 2 in the sludge selection area is adjusted once per week, the height position of each adjustment is 2cm below the sludge surface, the sedimentation selection pressure is gradually applied until the position of the fixed baffle 1 is adjusted to be the lowest height, and at the moment, the corresponding sedimentation selection pressure is the largest.
In the step (3), the dissolved oxygen concentrations of the anaerobic tank, the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank are respectively controlled to be 0.15 +/-0.05 mg/L, 4 +/-0.05 mg/L and 0.40 +/-0.05 mg/L.
And (4) stirring rotation speed of each biological reaction tank in the step (3) is 150 r/min.
The starting period of the sludge reflux system in the step (3) is set to be 40min, so that the sludge reflux amount is 200%; and manually discharging the flocculent sludge screened by the sludge selection area once every two days.
The reactor operates according to the method, the removal rate of each effluent water quality index is more than 90%, wherein the removal rate of COD, TP and NH4 & lt + & gt-N is more than 99.5%, the removal rate of TN is more than 92%, and aerobic granular sludge is formed on the 18 th day.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for rapidly culturing aerobic granular sludge adopts a continuous flow bioreactor to rapidly culture the aerobic granular sludge, the continuous flow bioreactor comprises a water inlet assembly, an aeration device, a reactor tank body and a sludge reflux system, the reactor tank body consists of a plurality of biological reaction tanks and a sludge selection tank, the plurality of biological reaction tanks are sequentially communicated through an overflowing hole to form a biological reaction zone, and each biological reaction tank except a first biological reaction tank is provided with a detachable stirrer; the sewage inlet assembly is used for feeding sewage into the first biological reaction tank, the last biological reaction tank is connected with the sludge selection tank through the outflow port, the space in the sludge selection tank is a sludge selection area, a baffle is arranged in the sludge selection tank to divide the sludge selection tank into a sludge backflow area and a sludge discharge area along the water flow direction, the bottom of the sludge backflow area is provided with a sludge backflow port, and the bottom of the sludge discharge area is provided with a sludge discharge port with a valve; a drainage device is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the sludge discharge area;
the sludge reflux system is used for intermittently refluxing the settled sludge in the sludge reflux area to the first biological reaction tank through the sludge reflux port;
the baffle comprises a fixed baffle positioned at the lower part and a movable baffle positioned at the upper part and adjustable in height, and applied sedimentation selective pressure can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the height of the movable baffle, so that the screening effect on sludge is realized;
the aeration device is used for selectively introducing air or oxygen into each biological reaction tank for aeration and oxygenation so as to form an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank or an anoxic tank and form different operation modes;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing a water inlet source: in order to simulate the quality of domestic sewage with low strength and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, simulated artificial wastewater is adopted as a water inlet source, and is prepared according to the following components: 150-300 mg/L of CH3COONa, 30-50 mg/L of NH4Cl, 410-20 mg/L of KH2PO, 26-15 mg/L of CaCl, 0.10-0.20mg/L of MgSO4 & 7H2 636-15 mg/L, 30.5-1.2 mg/L of FeCl0.5-0.20 mg/L, H3BO30.10-0.20 mg/L, 0.10-0.20mg/L of KI, 0.02-0.05 mg/L of CuSO4 & 5H2O, 0.10-0.20mg/L of Mn539Cl4 & 4H 27, 0.03-0.08 mg/L of MnQ 4 & 7H2O, 0.09-0.15 mg/L of ZnSO4 & 7H2, 0.10-0.20mg/L of CoCl2 & 6H2O, 0.10-0.20mg/L of Na2Mo 24 & 4H 2O.04-0.09 mg/L, 8mg/L of EDTA, and pH 7-12 mg/L;
step two, sludge inoculation: settling and concentrating activated sludge taken from an aerobic tank of a sewage treatment plant, adding simulated artificial wastewater for 1-2 days, respectively adding a proper amount of sludge subjected to stuffy aeration into each biological reaction tank of a biological reaction zone, and adding simulated artificial wastewater to the effective working volume of a reactor to ensure that the sludge concentration of each biological reaction tank is 2500-3000 mg/L;
step three, operation and regulation: continuously lifting the prepared simulated wastewater to the upper part of the first biological reaction tank through a water inlet component to enter the reactor, controlling the water inlet flow rate to enable the hydraulic retention time to reach a set value, enabling the inlet water to sequentially pass through the biological reaction tanks, stirring in an anaerobic tank, and aerating and stirring in an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank;
step four, the sludge-water mixed liquor enters a sludge selection area from the lower part of the last biological reaction tank, granular sludge with large particle size and good sedimentation performance is settled in a sludge return area under the action of a baffle plate, and the sludge settled in the sludge return area flows back to the first biological reaction tank through a sludge return system; the sludge with poor settling property overflows to a sludge discharge area along with the water flow over the movable baffle plate to be discharged, and the sludge is repeatedly and circularly screened along with continuous water inflow until aerobic granular sludge with good settling property is formed in each biological reaction tank.
2. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: 2-10 biological reaction tanks are arranged, and a plurality of biological reaction tanks and a sludge selection tank are formed by separating a tank body through a partition plate; the biological reaction tank is selectively arranged into an anaerobic tank, an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank by adjusting the aeration quantity of the aeration device, and the operation mode of the invention is A/O, A/O/A, A/A/O, A/O/A/O, wherein A represents anaerobic or anoxic, and O represents aerobic.
3. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, the height of the movable baffle plate in the sludge selection area is adjusted and reduced once per week from the highest, the height position of each adjustment is 2cm below the sludge surface, the sedimentation selection pressure is gradually applied until the movable baffle plate is adjusted to the lowest height of the fixed baffle plate, and at the moment, the corresponding sedimentation selection pressure is the largest.
4. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the dissolved oxygen concentration of the anaerobic tank is controlled to be 0.10-0.20mg/L, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aerobic tank is controlled to be 3.95-4.05mg/L, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the anoxic tank is controlled to be 0.35-0.45 mg/L.
5. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating speed of the stirrer for stirring in the aerobic tank and the anoxic tank is 140-200 r/min.
6. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the starting period of the sludge reflux system is set to be 20-60 min, so that the sludge reflux amount is 100-300%; and manually discharging the flocculent sludge screened by the sludge selection area once every two days.
7. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the sludge backflow system comprises a sludge return pipe, a sludge backflow pool and an air pump, the sludge backflow pool is arranged above the first biological reaction pool, the sludge backflow port is connected with the top of the sludge backflow pool through the sludge return pipe, the bottom of the sludge backflow pool is communicated with the lower biological reaction pool through a sludge outlet pipe with a valve, and the air pump is connected with the top of the sludge backflow pool through the air pump and used for forming negative pressure in the sludge backflow pool; and the top of the sludge return tank is also provided with an air inlet with a valve.
8. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom in the mud selects the pond to be equipped with the collection mud swash plate, mud backward flow mouth and mud discharge port all locate the low point department of collection mud swash plate.
9. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the overflowing holes are arranged between the biological reaction tanks in a space diagonal manner, so that sewage flows through the biological reaction tanks in turn.
10. The method for rapidly cultivating aerobic granular sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the water inlet assembly comprises a water inlet pool, a water inlet pipe and a water pump, artificial simulation or actual sewage is filled in the water inlet pool, one end of the water inlet pipe is immersed in the water inlet pool, the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the first biological reaction pool, and the sewage is continuously lifted into the biological reaction pool through the water pump.
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