CN113696569A - 一种pu抗病毒防护面料及其应用 - Google Patents

一种pu抗病毒防护面料及其应用 Download PDF

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CN113696569A
CN113696569A CN202110993030.7A CN202110993030A CN113696569A CN 113696569 A CN113696569 A CN 113696569A CN 202110993030 A CN202110993030 A CN 202110993030A CN 113696569 A CN113696569 A CN 113696569A
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nano
graphene
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parts
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黄士龍
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Suzhou Jindoli Textile New Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及到一种PU抗病毒防护布料及其应用，包括灭活因子层和改性纺丝聚氨酯，改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设有下陷型凹槽，下陷型凹槽内设有半永久吸附层，还包括除菌剂、助剂A和助剂B；除菌剂包括纳米石墨烯浆液、稀释剂、分散剂、无机络合物、纳米银离子溶液，助剂A为固化剂，助剂B包括表面活性剂、起泡剂、稀释剂、植物杀菌提取液；外层改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设有下陷型凹槽，将除菌剂喷在其表面时，除菌剂可被吸附进半永久吸附层中并在半永久吸附层中停留一段时间，因除菌剂对细菌病毒等有良好的杀菌杀病毒效果，所以由这种PU抗病毒防护布料做成的防护鞋等在具有良好的抵抗病毒入侵接触到皮肤的时，还可在一定程度上杀死病毒细菌等，净化周围环境。

Description

一种PU抗病毒防护面料及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗病毒布料，特别涉及一种PU抗病毒防护布料及其应用。
背景技术
医用口罩中的熔喷层可以有效阻挡飞沫传播，而防护服可以阻挡飞沫停留在物品表面造成的直接传播；正因为以上原因，所以防护服和口罩均是一次性使用的。
而新冠病毒的防护，除了全体医护人员外，更需要社会每一个人都做好良好的防护工作；平日，我们除了要有效佩戴口罩防止飞沫传播外，还应阻挡飞沫落在物品表面，衣物表面造成的接触传播，只有全方位的进行有效防护，才能彻底消灭新冠病毒。
但如何进行有效的接触传播成了一项难题，若我们也和医护人员一样，全天候穿戴医用防护服；故而在此，我们提供一种新式抗病毒防护服，这种防护服具有良好的抗病毒作用，可以有效阻挡新冠病毒的接触传播，同时这种防护服也不用像医用防护服那样一次性使用，而是可以反复使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种PU抗病毒防护布料及其应用。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种PU抗病毒防护布料，包括灭活因子层和改性纺丝聚氨酯，所述改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设置有下陷型凹槽，所述下陷型凹槽内设置有半永久吸附层，还包括除菌剂、助剂A和助剂B；所述除菌剂包括纳米石墨烯浆液、稀释剂、分散剂、无机络合物、纳米银离子溶液，所述助剂A为固化剂，所述助剂B包括表面活性剂、起泡剂、稀释剂、植物杀菌提取液。
通过采用上述技术方案，这种PU抗病毒防护布料主要包括内层灭活因子层和外层改性纺丝聚氨酯；在外层改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设置有下陷型凹槽，将除菌剂喷射在其表面时，除菌剂可以被吸附进半永久吸附层中并在半永久吸附层中停留一段时间，由于除菌剂对细菌病毒等有良好的杀菌杀病毒效果，所以由这种PU抗病毒防护布料做成的防护服、防护鞋等在具有良好的抵抗病毒入侵接触到皮肤的同时，还可在一定程度上杀死病毒细菌等，起到净化周围环境的作用；另外这种PU抗病毒防护布料主要用于制作防护鞋以及防护裤，由于防护鞋在使用过程中，磕碰受损较为严重，所以采用在其表面设置下陷型凹槽以及半永久吸附层的方式，并将除菌剂喷涂在其中，以尽可能保证除菌剂能停留在其表面并起到其该有的作用效果；其次，PU相比较普通的布料具有一定的结构强度，也更符合设置下陷型凹槽这种结构，且这种具有一定结构的材料也更适用于制作防护鞋等；但在使用过程中，由于防护鞋在使用时，容易将半永久吸附层蹭掉，所以在蹭掉后，可以将将助剂B重新喷涂在下陷型凹槽中，随后再将助剂A喷涂在其中，助剂A在助剂B的作用下，重新凝结成半永久吸附层。
作为优选，所述无机络合物采用氧化锌。
通过采用上述技术方案，纳米氧化锌是一种良好的除菌剂，纳米氧化锌可以在水介质中连续释放锌离子，锌离子会进入细胞膜，破坏细胞膜，在细胞内与蛋白质的某些基团反应时，破坏细菌和细胞中蛋白质的空间结构，导致细胞中的蛋白酶失活进而杀死细菌，破坏之后，锌离子会从细菌中游离出来，重复杀菌过程；其次是纳米氧化锌可以与细菌表面的细胞壁相互作用，破坏细菌的细胞壁，导致内容物被释放从而杀灭细菌；第三，是在紫外线的照射下,纳米氧化锌会产生空穴电子对，电子和空穴分别从导带和价带迁移到氧化锌颗粒表面，表面吸附的水或羟基被转变成氢氧自由基，吸附的氧气转变成活性氧，氢氧自由基和活性氧具有极强的化学活性，能与大多数有机物发生反应从而杀死大多数细菌和病毒。
作为优选，所述稀释剂采用蒸馏水或乙醇与水共混物。
作为优选，所述除菌剂包括以下制备步骤：
步骤1：将天然石墨通过Hummers法制备得到氧化石墨，再将氧化石墨分散在水中，通过氧化透析出去残留的盐和酸；纯化后再利用超声波降解器超声将氧化石墨剥离成氧化石墨烯；
步骤2：步骤1中得到的褐色分散液离心去除未剥离的氧化石墨，最终得到氧化石墨烯悬浮液稀释后用氨水调节其酸碱值至10；
步骤3：再向步骤2中得到的溶液中加入水合肼在高温下发生还原反应得到纳米石墨烯浆液；
步骤4：将步骤3得到的纳米石墨烯浆液与纳米银离子溶液以及甲基吡咯烷酮均匀混合后持续搅拌直至呈胶状，纳米银离子溶液采用纳米硝酸银溶液；
步骤5：采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌粉末，再在纳米氧化锌粉末中缠在氧化铋改性后，缓慢加入至步骤3中得到的纳米石墨烯浆液，使其负载在石墨烯中；
步骤6：将步骤4和步骤5中得到的混合溶液以一定比例混合后得到除菌剂。
通过采用上述技术方案，石墨烯的加入可以降低纳米氧化锌的电子-空穴对的复合率的问题，可以提高其除菌的效率和效果；氧化铋（Bi2O3）同样对氧化锌的除菌效果有一定的影响，其掺杂量在3-5%时候，其效果最好；银是一种传统的抗菌材料，但纳米银离子因其具有较大的比表面积，可以极具增强其除菌性，但是纳米材料有一种特性，即为倾向于团聚的特性，很大程度限制了其除菌效果；而石墨烯与银离子形成的复合Ag/石墨烯复合材料有效解决了这个问题，使银离子释放出与其比表面积成正比的除菌性。
作为优选，所述植物杀菌提取液包括金银花提取液、薄荷提取液、野菊花提取液中的一种或任意几种。
作为优选，所述除菌剂中的各物质含量如下：
纳米石墨烯浆液 30-50份
稀释剂 30-100份
分散剂 3-12份
无机络合物 5-15份
纳米银离子溶液 10-20份。
作为优选，所述助剂B中的各物质含量如下：
表面活性剂 5-10份
起泡剂 12-20份
稀释剂 5-50份
植物杀菌提取液 3-12份。
作为优选，所述灭活因子层采用石墨烯-无纺布，将无纺-布浸泡在石墨烯水溶液中并持续搅拌后，用超声波分散固化，所述改性纺丝聚氨酯包括石墨烯粉末、聚氨酯以及聚酯纤维。
通过采用上述技术方案，PU面料在制备时，将石墨烯粉末分散添加在其中，可以使PU面料具有一定的耐摩性，另外调整石墨烯粉末的用量，还可以使PU料的表面成雾状，使除菌剂可以更好地附着在其表面。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种PU抗病毒防护布料在防护鞋上的应用。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种PU抗病毒防护布料在防护裤上的应用。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、这种PU抗病毒防护布料主要包括内层灭活因子层和外层改性纺丝聚氨酯；在外层改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设置有下陷型凹槽，将除菌剂喷射在其表面时，除菌剂可以被吸附进半永久吸附层中并在半永久吸附层中停留一段时间，由于除菌剂对细菌病毒等有良好的杀菌杀病毒效果，所以由这种PU抗病毒防护布料做成的防护服、防护鞋等在具有良好的抵抗病毒入侵接触到皮肤的同时，还可在一定程度上杀死病毒细菌等，起到净化周围环境的作用；另外这种PU抗病毒防护布料主要用于制作防护鞋以及防护裤，由于防护鞋在使用过程中，磕碰受损较为严重，所以采用在其表面设置下陷型凹槽以及半永久吸附层的方式，并将除菌剂喷涂在其中，以尽可能保证除菌剂能停留在其表面并起到其该有的作用效果；其次，PU相比较普通的布料具有一定的结构强度，也更符合设置下陷型凹槽这种结构，且这种具有一定结构的材料也更适用于制作防护鞋等；
2、在使用过程中，由于防护鞋在使用时，容易将半永久吸附层蹭掉，所以在蹭掉后，可以将将助剂B重新喷涂在下陷型凹槽中，随后再将助剂A喷涂在其中，助剂A在助剂B的作用下，重新凝结成半永久吸附层；
3、石墨烯的加入可以降低纳米氧化锌的电子-空穴对的复合率的问题，可以提高其除菌的效率和效果；氧化铋（Bi2O3）同样对氧化锌的除菌效果有一定的影响，其掺杂量在3-5%时候，其效果最好；
4、银是一种传统的抗菌材料，但纳米银离子因其具有较大的比表面积，可以极具增强其除菌性，但是纳米材料有一种特性，即为倾向于团聚的特性，很大程度限制了其除菌效果；而石墨烯与银离子形成的复合Ag/石墨烯复合材料有效解决了这个问题，使银离子释放出与其比表面积成正比的除菌性。
具体实施方式
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
实施例：
一种PU抗病毒防护布料及其应用，包括灭活因子层和改性纺丝聚氨酯，所述改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设置有下陷型凹槽，所述下陷型凹槽内设置有半永久吸附层，还包括除菌剂、助剂A和助剂B；所述除菌剂包括纳米石墨烯浆液、稀释剂、分散剂、无机络合物、纳米银离子溶液，所述助剂A为固化剂，所述助剂B包括表面活性剂、起泡剂、稀释剂、植物杀菌提取液；无机络合物采用氧化锌；稀释剂采用蒸馏水或乙醇与水共混物；植物杀菌提取液包括金银花提取液、薄荷提取液、野菊花提取液中的一种或任意几种。
除菌剂包括以下制备步骤：
步骤1：将天然石墨通过Hummers法制备得到氧化石墨，再将氧化石墨分散在水中，通过氧化透析出去残留的盐和酸；纯化后再利用超声波降解器超声将氧化石墨剥离成氧化石墨烯；
步骤2：步骤1中得到的褐色分散液离心去除未剥离的氧化石墨，最终得到氧化石墨烯悬浮液稀释后用氨水调节其酸碱值至10；
步骤3：再向步骤2中得到的溶液中加入水合肼在高温下发生还原反应得到纳米石墨烯浆液；
步骤4：将步骤3得到的纳米石墨烯浆液与纳米银离子溶液以及甲基吡咯烷酮均匀混合后持续搅拌直至呈胶状，纳米银离子溶液采用纳米硝酸银溶液；
步骤5：采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌粉末，再在纳米氧化锌粉末中缠在氧化铋改性后，缓慢加入至步骤3中得到的纳米石墨烯浆液，使其负载在石墨烯中；
步骤6：将步骤4和步骤5中得到的混合溶液以一定比例混合后得到除菌剂。
除菌剂中的各物质含量如下：
纳米石墨烯浆液 30-50份
稀释剂 30-100份
分散剂 3-12份
无机络合物 5-15份
纳米银离子溶液 10-20份。
助剂B中的各物质含量如下：
表面活性剂 5-10份
起泡剂 12-20份
稀释剂 5-50份
植物杀菌提取液 3-12份。
灭活因子层采用石墨烯-无纺布，将无纺-布浸泡在石墨烯水溶液中并持续搅拌后，用超声波分散固化，所述改性纺丝聚氨酯包括石墨烯粉末、聚氨酯以及聚酯纤维。
这种PU抗病毒防护布料可应用在防护鞋上，也可应用在防护裤上，或防护服上。
实施例1-实施例5中除菌剂中各物质含量不同，详见下表所示：
表1：
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5
纳米石墨烯浆液 30 35 40 45 50
稀释剂 30 60 80 45 100
分散剂 3 5 8 10 12
无机络合物 5 7 9 12 15
纳米银离子溶液 10 12 15 18 20
实施例1-实施例5中，助剂A和助剂B的比例相同，且助剂B中的物质含量相同。
实施例6-实施例10中，除菌剂中各物质含量比相同，助剂B中的各物质含量详见下表2所示：
表2：
实施例6 实施例7 实施例8 实施例9 实施例10
表面活性剂 5 6 8 9 10
起泡剂 12 15 18 13 20
稀释剂 5 20 10 35 50
植物杀菌提取液 3 6 9 10 12
将实施例1-实施例10中的除菌性能和蛋白质吸附性能进行测试，记录在下表3中，其中菌落采用缺陷性假单胞杆菌，蛋白采用牛血清蛋白；
表3：
除菌率 蛋白吸附率 除菌率 蛋白吸附率
实施例1 100% ＜0.5% 实施例6 100% ＜0.5%
实施例2 100% ＜0.5% 实施例7 100% ＜0.5%
实施例3 100% ＜0.5% 实施例8 100% ＜0.5%
实施例4 100% ＜0.5% 实施例9 100% ＜0.5%
实施例5 100% ＜0.5% 实施例10 100% ＜0.5%
将实施例1-实施例10中制备得到的PU面料放置在密闭环境中一段时间后，记录密闭环境中的病菌含量，环境起始病菌含量的为百分之一百，将病菌含量变化记录在下表4中；
表4：
病菌变化量 病菌变化量 病菌变化量 病菌变化量
实施例1 60min 5.0% 实施例6 150min 12.1%
实施例2 150min 11.3% 实施例7 60min 5.6%
实施例3 60min 4.9% 实施例8 150min 10.9%
实施例4 150min 12.2% 实施例9 60min 5.6%
实施例5 60min 4.2% 实施例10 150min 11.9%
综上所述：
实施例1-实施例10中的抗病毒PU防护服具有良好的抗菌杀毒的效果，再将实施例1-实施例10中的PU抗病毒防护布料放置在清水中反复洗涤后，重新在其表面喷涂助剂B后，再喷涂助剂A，在助剂A的作用下，使助剂B凝固形成半永久吸附层，再将除菌剂喷涂在其中后，测试其除菌性，发现其除菌性并不会发生改变，且PU抗病毒防护布料不会被损坏，仍能起到很好的保护作用，从而解决背景技术中的问题。

Claims (10)

1.一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于：包括灭活因子层和改性纺丝聚氨酯，所述改性纺丝聚氨酯表面设置有下陷型凹槽，所述下陷型凹槽内设置有半永久吸附层，还包括除菌剂、助剂A和助剂B；所述除菌剂包括纳米石墨烯浆液、稀释剂、分散剂、无机络合物、纳米银离子溶液，所述助剂A为固化剂，所述助剂B包括表面活性剂、起泡剂、稀释剂、植物杀菌提取液。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于，所述无机络合物采用氧化锌。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于，所述稀释剂采用蒸馏水或乙醇与水共混物。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于，所述除菌剂包括以下制备步骤：
步骤1：将天然石墨通过Hummers法制备得到氧化石墨，再将氧化石墨分散在水中，通过氧化透析出去残留的盐和酸；纯化后再利用超声波降解器超声将氧化石墨剥离成氧化石墨烯；
步骤2：步骤1中得到的褐色分散液离心去除未剥离的氧化石墨，最终得到氧化石墨烯悬浮液稀释后用氨水调节其酸碱值至10；
步骤3：再向步骤2中得到的溶液中加入水合肼在高温下发生还原反应得到纳米石墨烯浆液；
步骤4：将步骤3得到的纳米石墨烯浆液与纳米银离子溶液以及甲基吡咯烷酮均匀混合后持续搅拌直至呈胶状，纳米银离子溶液采用纳米硝酸银溶液；
步骤5：采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌粉末，再在纳米氧化锌粉末中缠在氧化铋改性后，缓慢加入至步骤3中得到的纳米石墨烯浆液，使其负载在石墨烯中；
步骤6：将步骤4和步骤5中得到的混合溶液以一定比例混合后得到除菌剂。
5.根据权利要求2所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于：所述植物杀菌提取液包括金银花提取液、薄荷提取液、野菊花提取液中的一种或任意几种。
6.根据权利要求4所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于：所述除菌剂中的各物质含量如下：
纳米石墨烯浆液 30-50份
稀释剂 30-100份
分散剂 3-12份
无机络合物 5-15份
纳米银离子溶液 10-20份。
7.根据权利要求5所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于：所述助剂B中的各物质含量如下：
表面活性剂 5-10份
起泡剂 12-20份
稀释剂 5-50份
植物杀菌提取液 3-12份。
8.根据权利要求6所述一种PU抗病毒防护布料，其特征在于：所述灭活因子层采用石墨烯-无纺布，将无纺-布浸泡在石墨烯水溶液中并持续搅拌后，用超声波分散固化，所述改性纺丝聚氨酯包括石墨烯粉末、聚氨酯以及聚酯纤维。
9.一种权利要求1-7所述的PU抗病毒防护布料在防护鞋上的应用。
10.一种权利要求1-7所述的PU抗病毒防护布料在防护裤上的应用。
CN202110993030.7A 2021-08-27 2021-08-27 一种pu抗病毒防护面料及其应用 Pending CN113696569A (zh)

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