CN113695587A - Method for preparing jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on seed growth method - Google Patents
Method for preparing jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on seed growth method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on a seed growth method. The gold nanoflowers adopted by the invention have tips, which is beneficial to enhancing a local electromagnetic field, the optical property of copper is in a visible light range, and when copper grows at one end of the copper nanoflowers, the concentration of CTAB and the concentration of copper salt used in centrifugal washing play a crucial role in overgrowth of copper on the gold nanoflowers and determine the morphology of the Au-Cu nano structure. The method is simple and easy to implement, is easy to popularize, has good application prospect in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and provides a new idea for the design of the plasmon photo-thermal nano structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on a seed growth method.
Background
Metallic nanostructures technically exhibit many useful properties, and their size, shape and composition can be adjusted by fine tuning certain parameters. In many cases, the shape or morphology of the metal nanostructures plays the most critical role in their properties and suitability for use in particular applications. Altering the geometry of the nanostructured metal can significantly alter its surface plasmon resonance properties. Plasmon field enhancement can be achieved for nanostructures with anisotropic shapes, particularly gold nanoflowers used in the present invention, which makes them useful for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), sensing, imaging, and photothermal therapy. Copper is a cheap and abundant metal, and its optical properties are in the visible range. The nano copper material has wide application in the aspects of catalysis, energy conversion, sensing and the like, the shape and surface chemical control of the nano copper material are an important research field in the synthesis of nano copper, and the local surface plasmon resonance displayed in a visible light region is expected to be realized. There have been reports on the preparation of gold-copper heterostructures, but the currently obtained nanostructures have a certain symmetry, even most of them have a high symmetry, and these nanostructures have defects in the application of optical force and nanomotors, so that it is a problem to be solved to obtain highly asymmetric gold-copper nanostructures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple and universal seed growth method for preparing a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material with high asymmetry.
Aiming at the purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of gold nanoflowers with sharp tips
Adding cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) into deionized water, adding chloroauric acid, silver nitrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid and ascorbic acid, and fully stirring to obtain a growth solution; and adding the gold-silver alloy nanoparticle solution serving as a seed into the growth solution, standing at normal temperature for 1-3 hours, centrifugally washing twice with a hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution, and removing the supernatant to obtain the gold nanoflower solution with a sharp tip.
2. Preparation of jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material
Adding Hexadecylamine (HAD) into deionized water, heating, stirring and dissolving, then adding the gold nanoflower solution with the sharp tip prepared in the step 1, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding copper salt and ascorbic acid, stirring uniformly again, standing the obtained mixed solution at normal temperature for 1-3 hours, performing centrifugal separation, and removing supernatant to obtain the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
In the step 1, the total concentration of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the growth solution is preferably 20-40 g/L, and the mass ratio of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1: 5-10.
In the step 1, the concentration of silver nitrate in the growth solution is preferably 0.02-0.2 mmol/L, and the molar ratio of the silver nitrate to the chloroauric acid, the hydrochloric acid and the ascorbic acid is preferably 1: 3-8: 150-250: 5-10.
In the step 1, the molar ratio of silver to gold in the gold-silver alloy nanoparticle solution is preferably 30-50: 1.
In the step 1, the concentration of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is preferably 0.01 to 1.5 mmol/L.
In the step 1, the infrared absorption wavelength of the gold nanoflower solution with the sharp tip is 600-1000 nm.
In the step 2, preferably, hexadecylamine is added into deionized water, and the mixture is heated, stirred and dissolved at 65-120 ℃.
In the step 2, the concentration of hexadecylamine in the obtained mixed solution is preferably 0.4 to 3.5mg/mL, the concentration of gold nano-flower solution with a sharp tip is preferably 0.1 to 0.3mL/mL, the concentration of copper salt is preferably 1 to 4mmol/L, and the concentration of ascorbic acid is preferably 16 to 64 mmol/L.
In the step 2, the copper salt is preferably any one of copper chloride, copper bromide, copper nitrate, and the like.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, gold nanoflowers are used as seeds and copper salts are used as copper sources in the presence of hexadecylamine, and the principle that huge lattice mismatch exists between gold and copper and asymmetric shapes can be generated by non-uniform copper deposition is utilized.
2. The invention provides a simple and universal wet chemical method for synthesizing an Au-Cu heterostructure material with high asymmetry, the adopted gold nanoflowers have tips, which are beneficial to enhancing a local electromagnetic field, and the optical property of copper is in a visible light range.
3. The method is simple and easy to implement and easy to popularize, provides a substitution strategy for the synthesis of the space separation hybrid nano-block of the efficient electrochemical reaction, has good application prospect in surface enhanced Raman scattering, provides a new thought for the design of a plasmon photo-thermal nano-structure, is expected to provide a plurality of new opportunities for the manufacture of novel functional materials and devices, and is particularly suitable for large-scale application in which gold and silver are too expensive to use.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of gold nanoflowers.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 1.
Fig. 3 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 2.
Fig. 4 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 3.
Fig. 5 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 4.
Fig. 6 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 5.
Fig. 7 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 6.
Fig. 8 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 7.
Fig. 9 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 8.
Fig. 10 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 9.
Fig. 11 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 10.
Fig. 12 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 11.
Fig. 13 is an SEM image of jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 12.
Fig. 14 is an SEM image of the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material prepared in example 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The molar ratio of silver to gold In the gold-silver alloy nanoparticle solutions described In the examples below was 40:1, which was prepared according to the method described In the literature "Han, Q., Zhang, C., Gao, W., Han, Z., Liu, T., Li, C., et al (2016.). Ag-Au alloys Nanoparticles: Synthesis and In Situ Monitoring SERS of platinum catalysts. Sensors activators B: chem.231, 609-614. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2016.03.068".
Example 1
1. Preparation of gold nanoflowers with sharp tips
Adding 0.08g CTAB and 0.56g CTAC into 19mL deionized water, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle at 30 ℃, uniformly stirring, sequentially adding 1mL of 10mmol/L chloroauric acid aqueous solution, 200 mu L of 10mmol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution, 33.5 mu L of 12mol/L HCl aqueous solution and 160 mu L of 100mmol/L ascorbic acid aqueous solution, and fully stirring to obtain a growth solution. And then adding 60 mu L of gold-silver alloy nanoparticle solution into the growth solution as seeds, standing at normal temperature for 3h, and centrifuging and washing twice with 0.1mmol/L CTAB aqueous solution at 3000rpm for 5min each time to obtain gold nanoflowers with sharp tips with infrared absorption wavelength of about 1000 nm. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the obtained gold nanoflowers have obvious and relatively sharp tips, and the particle size of the gold nanoflowers is 70-180 nm.
2. Preparation of jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material
Adding 6mg HAD and 3.5mL deionized water into a glass bottle, stirring and dissolving in a water bath kettle at 85 ℃, then adding 1mL gold nanoflowers with sharp tips prepared in the step 1, stirring uniformly, then adding 50 mu L of 100mmol/L copper chloride aqueous solution and 800 mu L of 200mmol/L ascorbic acid aqueous solution in sequence, stirring uniformly again, and standing in a water bath at 85 ℃ for 1 h. And finally, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3000rpm for 5min, and removing supernatant to obtain the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 2
In step 2 of this example, 100. mu.L of 100mmol/L aqueous copper chloride solution was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 3
In step 2 of this example, 150. mu.L of 100mmol/L aqueous copper chloride solution was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 4
In step 2 of this example, 2mg of HAD was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 5
In step 2 of this example, 10mg of HAD was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 6
In step 2 of this example, 12mg of HAD was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 7
In step 2 of this example, 14mg of HAD was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 8
In step 1 of this example, the cells were washed twice with 0.01mmol/L CTAB aqueous solution by centrifugation at 3000rpm for 5min each. The other steps are the same as the example 1, and the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material is obtained.
Example 9
In step 1 of this example, the cells were washed twice with 0.4mmol/L CTAB aqueous solution by centrifugation at 3000rpm for 5min each. The other steps are the same as the example 1, and the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material is obtained.
Example 10
In step 1 of this example, two spin washes at 3000rpm with 0.8mmol/L aqueous CTAB for 5min each were performed. The other steps are the same as the example 1, and the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material is obtained.
Example 11
In step 1 of this example, the cells were washed twice with 1.5mmol/L CTAB aqueous solution by centrifugation at 3000rpm for 5min each. The other steps are the same as the example 1, and the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material is obtained.
Example 12
In step 2 of this example, 100. mu.L of 100mmol/L aqueous solution of copper bromide was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Example 13
In step 2 of this example, 100. mu.L of 100mmol/L aqueous copper nitrate solution was added, and the other steps were the same as in example 1, to obtain a jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
Scanning electron microscope characterization is carried out on the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure materials prepared in the embodiments 1-13, and the results are shown in the figures 2-14. As can be seen from the figures 2-4, the obtained gold-copper heterostructure material is in a jellyfish shape, the volume of copper in the gold-copper heterostructure material is gradually increased along with the increase of the concentration of copper chloride in the growth solution, the particle length is 140-260 nm, and the width is 80-200 nm. As can be seen from fig. 5 to 8, the obtained gold-copper heterostructure material is jellyfish-shaped, and as the HDA concentration increases, the coating outside the gold-copper heterostructure material increases significantly because the gold-copper heterostructure material is difficult to wash away. As can be seen from fig. 9 to 12, the obtained gold-copper heterostructure material is in a jellyfish shape, the morphology of the gold-copper heterostructure material is seriously affected by the concentration of the CTAB aqueous solution used for centrifugal washing, and the higher the CTAB concentration is, the poorer the adhesiveness of copper on gold nanoflowers. As can be seen from FIGS. 12-14, similar jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure materials can be obtained with different copper salts, but the morphology of copper is different.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure materials based on a seed growth method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of gold nanoflowers with sharp tips
Adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into deionized water, adding chloroauric acid, silver nitrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid and ascorbic acid, and fully stirring to obtain a growth solution; adding the gold-silver alloy nanoparticle solution serving as seeds into a growth solution, standing at normal temperature for 1-3 hours, centrifugally washing twice with a hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution, and removing a supernatant to obtain a gold nanoflower solution with a sharp tip;
(2) preparation of jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material
Adding hexadecylamine into deionized water, heating, stirring and dissolving, adding the gold nanoflower solution with the sharp tip prepared in the step (1), stirring uniformly, sequentially adding copper salt and ascorbic acid, stirring uniformly again, standing the obtained mixed solution at normal temperature for 1-3 hours, performing centrifugal separation, and removing supernatant to obtain the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material.
2. The method for preparing the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the total concentration of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in the growth solution is 20-40 g/L, and the mass ratio of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 1: 5-10.
3. The method for preparing the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the concentration of silver nitrate in the growth solution is 0.02-0.2 mmol/L, and the molar ratio of the silver nitrate to chloroauric acid, hydrochloric acid and ascorbic acid is 1: 3-8: 150-250: 5-10.
4. The method for preparing the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the molar ratio of silver to gold in the gold-silver alloy nanoparticle solution is 30-50: 1.
5. The method for preparing the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the concentration of the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide aqueous solution is 0.01-1.5 mmol/L.
6. The method for preparing the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the infrared absorption wavelength of the gold nanoflower solution with the sharp tip is 600-1000 nm.
7. The method for preparing the jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), hexadecylamine is added into deionized water, and heated, stirred and dissolved at the temperature of 65-120 ℃.
8. The method for preparing jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on the seed growth method is characterized in that: in the step (2), the concentration of hexadecylamine in the mixed solution is 0.4-3.5 mg/mL, the concentration of gold nano-flower solution with a sharp tip is 0.1-0.3 mL/mL, the concentration of copper salt is 1-4 mmol/L, and the concentration of ascorbic acid is 16-64 mmol/L.
9. The method for preparing jellyfish-shaped gold-copper heterostructure material based on seed growth method according to claim 1 or 8, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the copper salt is any one of copper chloride, copper bromide and copper nitrate.
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