CN113693548A

CN113693548A - Head-mounted visual detection and visual training equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113693548A
Application number: CN202111012892.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜煜; 詹培忠
Original assignee: Shanghai Qingyan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Qingyan Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-31
Filing date: 2021-08-31
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-31
Also published as: CN113693548B

Abstract

The invention relates to a head-mounted visual detection and visual training device which is characterized by comprising a display module; a control module; a housing; the left mirror frame is annular, and N left near-infrared point light sources are distributed on one side of the left mirror frame facing the eyes; a left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens; a left near-infrared camera; the right frame is annular, and N right near-infrared point light sources are distributed on one side of the right frame facing the eyes; a right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens; a right near-infrared camera; a controllable covering module. The invention has the beneficial effects that: when visual inspection and training are carried out, the state of eyeball movement of the examinee is automatically judged through the head-mounted optical device and the image processing technology, objective and quantitative results can be obtained, time of doctors and the examinee is saved, and operation is convenient.

Description

Head-mounted visual detection and visual training equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to an ophthalmologic medical apparatus and instrument, in particular to a head-wearing type visual detection and visual training device capable of shooting eye images in real time

Background

Binocular vision inspection and training such as strabismus inspection, amblyopia training, simultaneous vision, fusion vision, stereoscopic vision and the like are common visual inspection and training contents in ophthalmology. Currently, in clinical practice, the eye condition of the examinee is judged mainly by the doctor's manual operation and subjective experience.

For example, in strabismus examination, a currently common method is a "covering-uncovering method", in which a doctor holds an eye covering plate to cover a single eye in sequence, and the doctor visually observes whether eyeballs move in the opposite eye during covering; then the eye covering plate is removed, and a doctor visually observes whether eyeballs move in the covered eyes after the eye covering plate is removed, so that whether the presbyopia or the heterophoria exists is judged.

In the course of amblyopia training, the current common method is to cover the dominant eye of the patient with an eye cover, and only use the amblyopia eye to watch pictures and videos for training. Because different patients' amblyopia degree is different, need select the training content of different degrees of difficulty and let the patient train, in order to judge whether the amblyopia eye of patient can see the training content clearly and watch corresponding position, the doctor can only carry out subjective judgement through the gaze direction of naked eye observation patient at present.

When binocular vision inspection and training are carried out, the fixation position of the two eyes and the depth of binocular vision focusing of a trainer are useful information, and the fixation position and the depth of binocular vision focusing are difficult to accurately judge only by the naked eyes of a doctor, so that the training effect is difficult to objectively and quantitatively evaluate.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: at present, when visual inspection and training are carried out, the state of eyeball movement of an examinee is judged mainly by visual observation and subjective experience of doctors, the time consumption is long, and objective and accurate evaluation is difficult.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a head-mounted visual inspection and visual training device, comprising,

a display module;

a control module;

the shell is head-mounted and is kept to be fixed relative to the head by the fixing device;

the left frame is in a ring shape, N left near-infrared point light sources are distributed on one side, facing the eyes, of the left frame, the left near-infrared point light sources on the left frame can emit near-infrared light to irradiate the left eye, N is larger than or equal to 8, and the distances between the N left near-infrared point light sources are equal; the left mirror frame is connected with the casing, and the relative position of the left mirror frame and the casing can be adjusted;

the left semi-transmitting semi-reflecting lens is a plane lens, is fixed relative to the left lens frame, has an included angle theta with the plane of the left lens frame, wherein theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light;

the left near-infrared camera and the left frame are fixed in relative positions and can shoot a left eye image through reflection of the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens; the included angle between the central axis of the left near-infrared camera and the plane of the left mirror frame is 90-2 theta; the intersection point of the central axis of the left near-infrared camera and the left semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens is O₁Through O₁And a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the left mirror frame passes through the center of a circle of the left mirror frame;

the right frame is in a ring shape, N right near-infrared point light sources are distributed on one side, facing the eyes, of the right frame, the right near-infrared point light sources on the right frame can emit near-infrared light to irradiate the right eyes, N is larger than or equal to 8, and the distance between the N right near-infrared point light sources is equal; the right mirror frame is connected with the casing, and the relative position of the right mirror frame and the casing can be adjusted;

the right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens is a plane lens, is fixed relative to the right frame, has an included angle theta with the plane of the right frame, wherein theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light;

the right near-infrared camera and the right frame are fixed in relative positions and can shoot a right eye image through reflection of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens; the included angle between the central axis of the right near-infrared camera and the plane of the right mirror frame is 90-2 theta; setting right near infrared cameraThe intersection point of the central axis of the image head and the right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens is O₂Through O₂And a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the right mirror frame passes through the center of a circle of the right mirror frame;

the controllable covering module is connected with the shell and is divided into a left covering module and a right covering module, the left covering module is positioned on the outer side of the left semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens, and the right covering module is positioned on the outer side of the right semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens; the control module controls the left covering module or the display module to realize the visibility or invisibility of the content displayed by the display module by the left eye; the control module controls the right covering module or the display module to realize the visibility or invisibility of the content displayed by the display module by the right eye; at any moment, at least one eye of the left eye and the right eye can see the content displayed by the display module.

Preferably, 8 left near-infrared point light sources are distributed on one side, facing eyes, of the left glasses frame, the 8 left near-infrared point light sources are arranged along a circle and are equal in distance, the arrangement mode is that one left near-infrared point light source is arranged right above the left glasses frame, and one left near-infrared point light source is arranged at intervals of 45 degrees;

one side of the right frame facing the eyes is distributed with 8 right near-infrared point light sources, the 8 right near-infrared point light sources are arranged along a circle and have equal intervals, the arrangement mode is that a right near-infrared point light source is arranged right above, and a right near-infrared point light source is arranged at an interval of 45 degrees.

Preferably, the left spectacle frame can be provided with a round vision correction lens; the right frame can be provided with a round vision correction lens.

Preferably, the relative positions of the left eye frame and the left eye are adjusted by the following method:

the horizontal direction of an image shot by the left near-infrared camera is taken as an X axis, and the vertical direction is taken as a Y axis; when the left eye looks ahead, the left and right positions of the left lens frame are adjusted to ensure that the X coordinate of the central coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera is superposed with the X coordinate of the central coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye, and the up and down positions of the left lens frame are adjusted to ensure that the Y coordinate of the central coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera is superposed with the Y coordinate of the central coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye;

the relative positions of the right frame and the right eye are adjusted by adopting the following method:

the horizontal direction of an image shot by the right near-infrared camera is taken as an X axis, and the vertical direction is taken as a Y axis; when the right eye looks at the front, the left and right positions of the right lens frame are adjusted to enable the X coordinate of the central coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera to coincide with the X coordinate of the central coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye, and the up and down positions of the right lens frame are adjusted to enable the Y coordinate of the central coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera to coincide with the Y coordinate of the central coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye.

Preferably, the pupil distance adjusting device further comprises a micro motor, the pupil distance adjusting mode is automatic adjustment, and the pupil distance adjusting device specifically comprises the following steps:

when a left eye looks ahead, if the center coordinate of a pupil of the left eye shot by a left near-infrared camera is on the nasal side of the average coordinate of the left near-infrared point light sources, the left mirror frame is driven by a micro motor to move towards the nasal side relative to the casing, and if the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye is on the temporal side of the average coordinate of the left near-infrared point light sources, the left mirror frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the temporal side relative to the casing until the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye coincides with the X coordinate of the center coordinate of a reflection point of the cornea of the left eye; if the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera is on the upper side of the average coordinate of the point light source of the left near-infrared camera, the left picture frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the upper side relative to the left eye, and if the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye is on the lower side of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye, the left picture frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the lower side relative to the left eye until the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye coincides with the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye;

when the right eye looks ahead, if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera is on the nasal side of the average coordinate of the right near-infrared point light source, the right frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the nasal side relative to the casing, if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye is on the temporal side of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye, the right frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the temporal side relative to the casing until the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye coincides with the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye; if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera is on the upper side of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye, the right picture frame is driven by the micro motor to move upwards relative to the right eye, and if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye is on the lower side of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye, the right picture frame is driven by the micro motor to move downwards relative to the right eye until the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye coincides with the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye.

Preferably, the left covering module in the controllable covering modules is a liquid crystal shutter device, and the control module controls whether the liquid crystal shutter device is electrified or not, wherein the left covering module is transparent when electrified and is not transparent when not electrified; or the transparent film is opaque when electrified and transparent when not electrified; the right covering module in the controllable covering modules is a liquid crystal shutter device, and the control module controls whether the controllable covering modules are electrified or not, and the controllable covering modules are transparent when electrified and are not transparent when not electrified; or the transparent film is opaque when electrified and transparent when not electrified;

or: the left covering module in the controllable covering modules is a polaroid only capable of transmitting P1 polarized light; the right cover module in the controllable cover modules is a polaroid only capable of transmitting P2 polarized light; when the control module controls the display module to display the image only containing P1 polarized light, only the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the left covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display the image only containing P2 polarized light, only the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the right covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display images containing polarized light of P1 type and P2 type, the left eye can see the images displayed by the display module through the left covering module, and the right eye can see the images displayed by the display module through the right covering module;

or: the left covering module of the controllable covering module can only transmit the wavelength of lambda₁The right covering module in the controllable covering module can only transmit the light with the wavelength of lambda₂λ, band pass filter for visible light₁Is not equal to lambda₂(ii) a When the control module controls the display module to display the display containing only the light-emitting wavelength lambda₁When the left eye passes through the left covering moduleSeeing the image displayed by the display module; when the control module controls the display module to display the display containing only the light-emitting wavelength lambda₂When the image is displayed, only the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the right covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display the display data and the light-emitting wavelength is lambda₁And a light emission wavelength of λ₂When the image is displayed, the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the left covering module, and the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the right covering module.

Preferably, the casing is composed of a side material and a front material; the side material of the shell is not transparent to visible light and near infrared light; the front material of the shell is transparent to visible light; the shell covers the left mirror frame, the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the left near-infrared camera, the right mirror frame, the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the right near-infrared camera and the controllable covering module from the outside; the shell does not shield the front vision of human eyes, and simultaneously, external visible light and near infrared light cannot be irradiated in through a gap between the left eye and the left frame or a gap between the right eye and the right frame.

Preferably, the housing is provided with a projection device, and the pattern is projected on a front plane by the projection device.

Preferably, the system further comprises an eyeball movement direction judgment module without calibration:

when the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye and the average coordinate of the near-infrared point light sources do not coincide, the calibration-free eye movement direction judgment module selects three cornea reflection points of the near-infrared point light sources closest to the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye, and judges the eye movement direction of the left eye according to the pointing direction of a triangular obtuse angle formed by the three cornea reflection points;

when the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the average coordinate of the near-infrared point light source do not coincide, the calibration-free eyeball motion direction judgment module selects three cornea reflection points of the near-infrared point light source closest to the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye, and judges the motion direction of the eyeball of the right eye according to the direction of a triangular obtuse angle formed by the three cornea reflection points.

Preferably, the device further comprises a monocular calibration module and an eye movement point calculation module:

when the left eye is marked with a single eye, the single eye marking module enables the marking sighting marks to be visible for the left eye and invisible for the right eye, the single eye marking module can carry out the left eye single eye marking by displaying 2 points to 9 points, and a left eye marking function is obtained through calculation; the eye movement point calculation module quantitatively calculates eye movement points of the left eye according to the left eye calibration function and the image of the left eye;

when the single eye of the right eye is calibrated, the single eye calibration module enables the calibration visual target visible for the right eye and the calibration visual target invisible for the left eye to be visible, the single eye calibration module can perform the single eye calibration of the right eye by displaying 2 to 9 points, and a right eye calibration function is obtained through calculation; and the eye movement point calculation module quantitatively calculates the eye movement point of the right eye according to the right eye calibration function and the image of the right eye.

Preferably, the system further comprises a calibration-free strabismus checking module:

the visual target is displayed right in front of the examined person, and three modes of a visual target visible by two eyes, a visual target visible by only the left eye and a visual target visible by only the right eye are switched by controlling the controllable covering module; if the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the corneal reflection point of the left eye coincide when the visual target is visible only by the left eye, and the center coordinates of the pupil of the right eye and the center coordinates of the corneal reflection point of the right eye coincide when the visual target is visible only by the right eye, but the center coordinates of the pupil of one eye and the center coordinates of the corneal reflection point of the eye do not coincide when the visual target is visible by both eyes, the condition that the strabismus is caused is judged; if the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye coincide when the eyes are visible, and the center coordinates of the pupil of the right eye and the center coordinates of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye coincide when the eyes are visible, but the center coordinates of the pupil of the right eye and the center coordinates of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye do not coincide when the eyes are visible, or the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye do not coincide when the eyes are visible only.

Preferably, the system further comprises a strabismus checking module:

after the monocular calibration of the left eye is completed and the monocular calibration of the right eye is completed, the sighting mark is displayed in front of the examinee, and the sighting mark can be displayed only at a single position or at a plurality of positions; the controllable covering module is controlled to switch three modes of a visual target visible for both eyes, a visual target visible for only the left eye and a visual target visible for only the right eye; if the left eye moving point and the visual target position coincide when the visual target is visible only by the left eye, and the right eye moving point and the visual target position coincide when the visual target is visible only by the right eye, but the eye moving point of one eye does not coincide with the visual target position when the visual target is visible by both eyes, the condition that the strabismus is present is judged; if the left eye moving point and the sighting mark position coincide when the sighting mark is visible by both eyes, and the right eye moving point and the sighting mark position coincide, but the right eye moving point and the sighting mark position do not coincide when the sighting mark is visible by only the left eye, or the left eye moving point and the sighting mark position do not coincide when the sighting mark is visible by only the right eye, the heterophoria is judged.

Preferably, the amblyopia training module is further included: the amblyopia training image displayed by the display module contains interactive contents, and the trainer interacts through the eye movement points of the amblyopia eyes.

Preferably, still include binocular vision training module, this binocular vision training module contains looks, fuses and looks, the three-dimensional visual training content simultaneously, wherein: training simultaneous vision by alternately displaying images only visible for the left eye and images only visible for the right eye in a time-sharing manner, and judging the simultaneous vision training effect by judging whether the left eye moving point, the right eye moving point and the training content images are overlapped or not; training a fusion vision by displaying images which are visible by two eyes at the same time, and judging the training effect of the fusion vision by judging whether the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye are overlapped; the stereoscopic vision is trained by displaying a stereoscopic graph with a certain parallax between an image only visible by a left eye and an image only visible by a right eye, and the stereoscopic vision training effect is judged by the superposition distance of the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye.

Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a head-mounted visual inspection and visual training apparatus, comprising:

a display module;

a control module;

the left mirror frame is connected with the machine shell, and the relative position of the left mirror frame and the machine shell can be adjusted; the left mirror frame is a centrosymmetric graph;

the left semi-transmitting semi-reflecting lens is a plane lens, is fixed relative to the left lens frame, has an included angle theta with the plane of the left lens frame, is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light;

the left near-infrared point light sources are one in number and fixed relative to the left glasses frame, the emitted near-infrared light irradiates the left eye through reflection of the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, and a reflection point is formed on the cornea of the left eye; the connecting line of the virtual image of the left near-infrared point light source on the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens and the symmetrical center of the left mirror frame is set to be L₁，L₁Is vertical to the plane of the left mirror frame; is provided with L₁The intersection point of the left semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens is O₃Left near infrared point light source and O₃The included angle between the connecting line of the left mirror frame and the plane of the left mirror frame is 90-2 theta;

the left near-infrared camera is positioned on the side surface of the left near-infrared point light source, and the distance between the left near-infrared point light source and the left near-infrared point light source is less than or equal to 2.5 cm; the left eye image can be shot through the reflection of the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, and the included angle between the central axis of the left near-infrared camera and the plane of the left mirror frame is 90-2 theta;

the right mirror frame is connected with the machine shell, and the relative position of the right mirror frame and the machine shell can be adjusted; the right mirror frame is a centrosymmetric graph;

the right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens is a plane lens, is fixed relative to the right mirror frame, has an included angle theta with the plane of the right mirror frame, is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light;

the number of the right near-infrared point light sources is one, the right near-infrared point light sources and the right frame are fixed in relative positions, the emitted near-infrared light irradiates the right eye through the reflection of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, and a reflection point is formed on the cornea of the right eye; a connecting line L is set between a virtual image of the right near-infrared point light source and the symmetric center of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens and the symmetric center of the right mirror frame₂，L₂Is vertical to the plane of the right mirror frame; is provided with L₂The intersection point of the right semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens is O₄Right near infrared point light source and O₄The included angle between the connecting line of the right mirror frame and the plane of the right mirror frame is 90-2 theta;

the right near-infrared camera is positioned on the side surface of the right near-infrared point light source, and the distance between the right near-infrared point light source and the right near-infrared point light source is less than or equal to 2.5 cm; the right eye image can be shot through the reflection of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, and the included angle between the central axis of the right near-infrared camera and the plane where the right mirror frame is located is 90-2 theta;

Preferably, the left spectacle frame can be provided with vision correction lenses; the right glasses frame can be provided with vision correction lenses.

the horizontal direction of an image shot by the left near-infrared camera is taken as an X axis, and the vertical direction is taken as a Y axis; when the left eye looks ahead, the left and right positions of the left mirror frame are adjusted to ensure that the X coordinate of the central coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera is coincided with the X coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source, and the up and down positions of the left mirror frame are adjusted to ensure that the Y coordinate of the central coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera is coincided with the Y coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source;

the horizontal direction of an image shot by the right near-infrared camera is taken as an X axis, and the vertical direction is taken as a Y axis; when the right eye looks at the front, the left and right positions of the right frame are adjusted to ensure that the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera is coincided with the X coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source, and the up and down positions of the right frame are adjusted to ensure that the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera is coincided with the Y coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source.

Preferably, the pupil distance adjusting device further comprises a micro motor, the pupil distance adjusting mode is automatic adjustment, and the pupil distance adjusting device comprises the following steps:

when a left eye looks ahead, if the center coordinate of a pupil of the left eye shot by a left near-infrared camera is on the nasal side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source, the left mirror frame is driven by a micro motor to move towards the nasal side relative to the casing, and if the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye is on the temporal side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source, the left mirror frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the temporal side relative to the casing until the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye coincides with the X coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source; if the center coordinate of the left eye pupil shot by the left near-infrared camera is positioned on the upper side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source, the left mirror frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the upper side relative to the left eye, and if the center coordinate of the left eye pupil is positioned on the lower side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source, the left mirror frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the lower side relative to the left eye until the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the left eye pupil coincides with the Y coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source;

when the right eye looks ahead, if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera is on the nasal side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source, the right picture frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the nasal side relative to the casing, if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye is on the temporal side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source, the right picture frame is driven by the micro motor to move towards the temporal side relative to the casing until the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye coincides with the X coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source; if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye shot by the right near-infrared camera is on the upper side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source, the right frame is driven by the micro motor to move upwards relative to the right eye, and if the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye is on the lower side of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source, the right frame is driven by the micro motor to move downwards relative to the right eye until the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye coincides with the Y coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source.

or: the left covering module of the controllable covering module can only transmit the wavelength of lambda₁The right covering module in the controllable covering module can only transmit the light with the wavelength of lambda₂λ, band pass filter for visible light₁Is not equal to lambda₂(ii) a When the control module controls the display module to display the display containing only the light-emitting wavelength lambda₁When the image is displayed, only the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the left covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display the display containing only the light-emitting wavelength lambda₂When the image is displayed, only the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the right covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display the display data and the light-emitting wavelength is lambda₁And a light emission wavelength of λ₂When the image is displayed, the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the left covering module, and the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the right covering module.

Preferably, the shell is composed of a side material and a front material, and the side material of the shell is not transparent to visible light and not transparent to near infrared light; the front material of the shell is transparent to visible light; the left mirror frame, the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the left near-infrared camera, the left near-infrared point light source, the right mirror frame, the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the right near-infrared camera, the right near-infrared point light source and the controllable covering module are covered from the outside; the front visual field of human eyes is not blocked, and external visible light and near infrared light can not be irradiated in through a gap between the left eye and the left frame or a gap between the right eye and the right frame.

when the central coordinate of the left eye pupil and the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source are not coincident, the calibration-free eyeball movement direction judgment module judges the movement direction of the left eye eyeball according to the direction of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source pointing to the central coordinate of the left eye pupil; when the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source are not coincident, the calibration-free eyeball movement direction judgment module judges the movement direction of the eyeball of the right eye according to the direction of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the right near-infrared point light source pointing to the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye.

the visual target is displayed right in front of the examined person, and three modes of a visual target visible by two eyes, a visual target visible by only the left eye and a visual target visible by only the right eye are switched by controlling the controllable covering module; if the left eye pupil center coordinate and the left near-infrared point light source cornea reflection point coordinate coincide when only the left eye can see the visual target, and the right eye pupil center coordinate and the right near-infrared point light source cornea reflection point coordinate coincide when only the right eye can see the visual target, but the pupil center coordinate of one eye and the near-infrared point light source cornea reflection point coordinate of the eye do not coincide when the visual target is seen by both eyes, the condition that the strabismus is judged; if the center coordinates of the left eye pupil coincide with the coordinates of the reflection point of the left near-infrared point light source cornea during the binocular visual inspection, and the center coordinates of the right eye pupil coincide with the coordinates of the reflection point of the right near-infrared point light source cornea during the binocular visual inspection, but the center coordinates of the right eye pupil do not coincide with the coordinates of the reflection point of the right near-infrared point light source cornea during the left-eye visual inspection, or the center coordinates of the left eye pupil do not coincide with the coordinates of the reflection point of the left near-infrared point light source cornea during the right-eye visual inspection, the heterophoria is judged.

Preferably, the system further comprises a strabismus checking module:

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when visual inspection and training are carried out, the state of eyeball movement of the examinee is automatically judged through the head-mounted optical device and the image processing technology, objective and quantitative results can be obtained, time of doctors and the examinee is saved, and operation is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1(a) is a schematic top view of an apparatus according to a first embodiment; FIG. 1(b) is a front view of a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a device viewing display module according to one embodiment worn by a subject;

fig. 3 is a left-eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera when the left eye is looking forward in the first embodiment;

fig. 4 is a left-eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera when the left eye views 9 directions in the first embodiment;

FIG. 5(a) is a schematic top view of a second embodiment of the apparatus; FIG. 5(b) is a front view of a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus according to the second embodiment;

fig. 6 is a left-eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera when the left eye is looking straight ahead in the second embodiment;

fig. 7 is a left-eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera when the left eye views 9 orientations in the second embodiment.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Example one

The disclosed head-mounted visual detection and visual training equipment of this embodiment includes casing 1, left picture frame 2, left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3, left near-infrared camera 4, right picture frame 5, right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6, right near-infrared camera 7, controllable module, control module (not in the figure), display module 9 that cover. Fig. 1(a) is a top view of a schematic of the apparatus structure. Fig. 1(b) is a front view of the apparatus configuration diagram.

The housing 1 is head-mounted, and the relative position of the head is fixed by the fixing device 10, and the fixing device 10 may be a circular or T-shaped headband, or a helmet-type fixing device may be used.

The left frame 2 is circular, N left near-infrared point light sources 201 are uniformly distributed on one side of the left frame 2 facing to eyes, the left near-infrared point light sources 201 can emit near-infrared light to irradiate on a left eye, N is larger than or equal to 8, and the distance between the N left near-infrared point light sources 201 is equal. The left eye frame 2 is connected with the cabinet 1, and the relative position of the left eye frame 2 and the cabinet 1 is adjustable. The left frame 2 has a slot for mounting various round vision correction lenses, such as near vision lens, far vision lens, or strabismus correction lens, or no lens. The N left near-infrared point light sources 201 on the left frame 2 function to provide near-infrared illumination for the left eye photographed by the left near-infrared camera 4, and the reflection point of the left near-infrared point light source 201 on the left eye cornea can be used as a reference point for calculating the eye movement of the left eye. Experiments show that when N is more than or equal to 8, the illumination is more uniform, and at least 3 clear corneal reflection points can be provided when the left eye views each direction, so that the calculation of the eyeball movement is facilitated. In this embodiment, the number of the left near-infrared point light sources 201 on the left frame 2 is 8, the 8 left near-infrared point light sources 201 are arranged along a circle, the arrangement mode is that one left near-infrared point light source 201 is placed right above, and one left near-infrared point light source 201 is placed at every 45 degrees. In this embodiment, the left near-infrared point light source 201 is an LED lamp, and the light emitting wavelength is 940 nm.

The left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3 is a plane lens, is connected with the left lens frame 2 and has a fixed relative position, and has an included angle theta with the plane of the left lens frame 2, wherein theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, and can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light. The left near-infrared camera 4 is connected with the left mirror frame 2 and the relative position is fixed, and the left-eye image can be shot through the reflection of the left semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens 3. The included angle between the central axis of the left near infrared camera 4 and the plane of the left mirror frame 2 is 90-2 theta, and the intersection point of the central axis of the left near infrared camera 4 and the left half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 3 is O₁Through O₁And a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the left lens frame 2 passes through the center of a circle where the left lens frame 3 is located, and the left near-infrared camera 4 can shoot a left eye image through infrared light reflected by the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3. In the present embodiment, θ is 30 °.

The right frame 5 is ring shape, and right frame 5 is towards one side evenly distributed N near-infrared pointolite 501 of eyes, and right near-infrared pointolite 501 can send the near-infrared light and shine on the right eye, and N is greater than or equal to 8, and N right near-infrared pointolite 501's interval equals. The right eye rim 5 is connected with the cabinet 1, and the relative position of the right eye rim 5 and the cabinet 1 is adjustable. The right frame 5 has a slot for mounting various round vision correction lenses, such as near vision lenses, far vision lenses, or strabismus correction lenses, or no lenses. The function of the N right near-infrared point light sources 501 on the right frame 5 is similar to the function of the N left near-infrared point light sources 201 on the left frame 2. In this embodiment, the number of the right near-infrared point light sources 501 on the right frame 5 is 8, the 8 right near-infrared point light sources 501 are arranged along a circle, the arrangement mode is that one right near-infrared point light source 501 is placed right above, and one right near-infrared point light source 501 is placed at an interval of 45 °. In this embodiment, the right near-infrared point light source 501 is an LED lamp, and the light emitting wavelength is 940 nm.

The right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 6 is a plane lens, is connected with the right lens frame 5 and is fixed in relative position, has an included angle theta with the plane of the right lens frame 5, theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light. The right near-infrared camera 7 is connected with the right frame 5 and the relative position is fixed, and the right eye image can be shot through the reflection of the right semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens 6. The included angle between the central axis of the right near-infrared camera 7 and the plane of the right lens frame 5 is 90-2 theta. The intersection point of the central axis of the right near-infrared camera 7 and the right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 6 is set as O₂Through O₂And a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the right mirror frame 5 passes through the center of a circle where the right mirror frame 5 is located, and the right near-infrared camera 7 can shoot a right eye image through infrared light reflected by the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6. In the present embodiment, θ is 30 °.

The display module 9 may display the content of the visual inspection or the visual training, may be a display device such as a monitor, a television, or a projection device, and may also be a projection device provided on the housing 1. The display, television, projection, and the like may be a general flat display device, or may be a polarization type or shutter type stereoscopic display device. The projection device arranged on the cabinet 1 can be a laser projection device based on DOE diffraction optics, and can project one or more light spots or other patterns with specific shapes on a plane such as a curtain or a wall surface with a distance of 30cm to 6 m.

The controllable covering module is connected with the casing 1 and is divided into a left covering module 801 and a right covering module 802, the left covering module 801 is located on the outer side of the left half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 3, and the right covering module 802 is located on the outer side of the right half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 6. The control module controls the left covering module 801 or the display module 9 to realize that the left eye can see or cannot see the content displayed by the display module 9; the control module controls the right covering module 802 or the display module 9 to realize that the content displayed by the display module 9 can be seen or not seen by the right eye. At any one time, at least one eye of the left eye and the right eye can see the content displayed by the display module 9.

The left covering module 801 and the right covering module 802 in the controllable covering module can be two liquid crystal shutter devices, and can be transparent when being powered on and opaque when not being powered on; or opaque when energized and transparent when not energized. The left covering module 801 and the right covering module 802 can control whether to be powered on or not through the control module, and respectively control the transparency or the opacity of the left covering module and the right covering module, so that an image displayed by the display module 9 can be seen only by the left eye, an image displayed by the display module 9 can be seen only by the right eye, or an image displayed by the display module 9 can be seen by both eyes.

The left cover module 801 and the right cover module 802 of the controllable cover module may also be two polarizers that are transparent to different types of polarized light. For example, the left cover module 801 is a linearly polarized lens in the horizontal direction, and the right cover module 802 is a linearly polarized lens in the vertical direction. When the control module controls the display module 9 to make the displayed image be linearly polarized light in the horizontal direction, only the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module 9; when the control module controls the display module 9 to make the displayed image be linearly polarized light in the vertical direction, only the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module 9; when the control module controls the display module 9 to display an image containing linearly polarized light in the horizontal direction and linearly polarized light in the vertical direction, both eyes can see the image displayed by the display module 9.

The left cover module 801 and the right cover module 802 of the controllable cover module may also be two band pass filters that can transmit visible light with different wavelengths. For example, the left cover module 801 can only transmit the central wavelength λ₁The right cover module 802 is transparent only to the central wavelength of λ₂Red light of (2). When the control module controls the display module 9 to display the green image, only the left eye can see the green image; when the control module controls the display module 9 to display the red light image, only the right eye can see the red light image; when the control module controls the display module 9 to display an image formed by mixing red light and green light, both eyes can see the image.

The casing 1 is used for connecting or fixing the left frame 2, the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3, the left near-infrared camera 4, the right frame 5, the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6, the right near-infrared camera 7, the controllable covering module and other parts. The cabinet 1 may have an open structure, and the respective components are connected or fixed only by brackets. The light shielding structure can also be a closed structure, can shield the light on the side surface and plays a role in dust prevention. The casing 1 of the embodiment is of a closed structure and is composed of a side material and a front material, wherein the side material is opaque to visible light and opaque to near infrared light; the front material of the transparent glass is transparent to visible light. The casing 1 is covered with a left frame 2, a left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3, a left near-infrared camera 4, a right frame 5, a right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6, a right near-infrared camera 7, a controllable covering module and other parts from the outside. Because the front material of the casing 1 is transparent, the casing 1 does not block the front vision of human eyes. Meanwhile, because the side surface material of the casing 1 is opaque, external visible light and near infrared light cannot be irradiated through a gap between the left eye and the left lens frame 2 or a gap between the right eye and the right lens frame 5, and the interference of the external near infrared light on the imaging of the left near infrared camera 4 or the right near infrared camera 7 can be avoided. The cabinet 1 makes the whole apparatus more beautiful and can reduce the influence of dust on the optical and electronic devices with more precise inside. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a subject wearing the device to view the display module 9 directly in front of the subject, and the housing 1 is of a closed structure and is fixed to the head of the subject using a T-shaped headband.

In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes an electronic computer, and the program required for the operation of the control module is run on the electronic computer. In addition, in order that the doctor can observe the eye images of the examinee in real time, the eye images shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 and the right near-infrared camera 7 can be transmitted to the computer in real time through the USB cable and displayed in real time through the display, and the images and data can also be stored in a database of the computer. The electronic computer can also supply power to devices such as a near-infrared light source of the equipment through the USB wire.

The electronic computer contains an image processing algorithm module, and the image processing algorithm module is a computer program and can calculate the pupil center position and the cornea reflection point center position of the eye in real time. Taking the left-eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera 4 as an example, as shown in fig. 3, when the left eye looks ahead, the pupil and 8 corneal reflection points can be captured. Because the gray level of the pupil is low, the gray level is lower than 50; and the cornea reflection point has higher gray scale, and the gray scale is higher than 200. According to the characteristic, the image processing algorithm module finds a connected region with the gray level lower than 50 and close to a circle as a pupil region from the image, and finds a connected region with the gray level higher than 200 and the position close to the pupil region as a cornea reflection point from the image. According to the connected region of the left eye pupil region, the average coordinate value is calculated to obtain the 'left eye pupil center coordinate'. The centers of the 8 connected regions are respectively calculated according to the connected regions of the 8 corneal reflection points of the left eye, and the average value of the center coordinates of the 8 corneal reflection points is called as the center coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the left eye. In the same way, "right eye pupil center coordinates" and "right eye cornea reflection point center coordinates" of the right eye can be obtained from the right eye image photographed by the right near-infrared camera 7.

Take the eyeball movement direction and the eye movement point of the left eye as an example. When the left eye looks at the right front, 8 corneal reflection points can be detected, and the central coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the central coordinates of the corneal reflection points of the left eye can be coincided by adjusting the relative positions of the left frame 2 and the left eye. The corneal reflection point right above the pupil when the left eye looks at the midpoint is taken as a first reflection point, and the other seven reflection points are sequentially numbered as a second reflection point, a third reflection point, a fourth reflection point, a fifth reflection point, a sixth reflection point, a seventh reflection point and an eighth reflection point in the clockwise direction. When the left eye looks at a position other than the front, the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the corneal reflection points of the left eye cannot be overlapped, and when the viewing angle is large, such as when four sides and four corners are looked at, 8 corneal reflection points may not be detected completely, but at least 3 corneal reflection points can be detected. As shown in fig. 4, the 9 images are left-eye images captured by the left near-infrared camera when a subject looks at 9 positions, namely, the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the left right corner, the center, the right corner, the lower left corner, the lower right corner and the lower right corner. When the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye are not coincident, 3 continuous reflection points nearest to the center of the pupil are set as selected reflection points. The number of the selected reflection point can be determined according to the orientation of the obtuse angle of the triangle formed by the three selected reflection points. The specific method comprises the following steps: if the obtuse angle is approximately right above, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are a reflection point eight, a reflection point I and a reflection point II in turn clockwise; if the obtuse angle points to approximately the upper right, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are a first reflection point, a second reflection point and a third reflection point clockwise in sequence; if the obtuse angle points to the right and the left of the approximate horizontal direction, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are clockwise the second reflection point, the third reflection point and the fourth reflection point; if the obtuse angle points to approximately the lower right, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are clockwise the third reflection point, the fourth reflection point and the fifth reflection point in turn; if the obtuse angle points to the approximate right lower side, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are clockwise four reflection points, five reflection points and six reflection points in turn; if the obtuse angle points to the approximate lower left, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are a reflection point five, a reflection point six and a reflection point seven in turn clockwise; if the obtuse angle points to the left side which is approximately horizontal, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are six reflection points, seven reflection points and eight reflection points clockwise in sequence; if the obtuse angle points to approximately the upper left, the numbers of the three selected reflection points are seven, eight and one clockwise sequentially. Wherein the obtuse angle is directed in the direction from the bottom to the top of the obtuse midline.

The equipment also comprises an eyeball movement direction judgment module without calibration, which is a program operated on a computer, and the algorithm principle is as follows: when the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the average coordinates of the left near-infrared point light source 201 are not coincident (if the viewing angle is too large, 8 corneal reflection points cannot be detected, the coordinates are also considered to be misaligned), judging the eye movement direction of the left eye according to the direction of a triangular obtuse angle formed by the 3 selected reflection points of the left eye; when the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the average coordinate of the right near-infrared point light source 501 do not coincide, the direction of the eyeball of the right eye is judged according to the direction of the obtuse angle of the triangle formed by the 3 right eye selected reflection points.

The equipment also comprises a monocular calibration module and an eye movement point calculation module which can quantitatively calculate the position of the eye movement point, and the monocular calibration module and the eye movement point calculation module are programs which run on a computer, and the algorithm principle is as follows: when the left eye is marked with a single eye, only the left eye can see the marked sighting mark, and the eye movement point of the left eye can be quantitatively calculated through the left eye single eye marking from 2 points to 9 points; when the monocular calibration of the right eye is performed, only the calibration sighting mark can be seen by the right eye, and the eye movement point of the right eye can be quantitatively calculated through the monocular calibration of the right eye from 2 points to 9 points.

The "calibration vector" is defined as the relative positions of 8 corneal reflection points and the pupil center when the eye looks at the midpoint. The "eye movement vector" is defined as the average value of the coordinate differences of the 3 selected reflection points and the corresponding 3 reflection points in the "calibration vector". The "eye movement vector" represents the relative displacement of the pupil and the reflective spot in the eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera 4 or the right near-infrared camera 7 when the gaze point of the user's eye moves on the display screen. In order to accurately calculate the one-to-one correspondence relationship between the eye movement vector and the eye movement point position, calibration can be performed by adopting a data fitting mode, and the number of calibration points is generally 2 to 9 points. Taking 9-point monocular calibration of the left eye and calculation of the eye movement point of the left eye as an example:

let the left eye look at the calibration points at 9 positions of the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the left corner, the middle point, the right corner, the lower left corner, the lower right corner, and the coordinates of the calibration points on the plane of the display module 9 are known. Let x_sIs the abscissa, y, of the eye movement point on the display plane_sIs the ordinate of the eye movement point on the display plane; x is the number of_eIs the abscissa, y, of the eye movement vector_eIs the ordinate of the eye movement vector.

The following calibration functions were used:

a₀、a₁、a₂、a₃、a₄、a₅、b₀、b₁、b₂、b₃、b₄、b₅these 12 values are unknown prior to calibration. Calibration is the process of solving for these 12 unknowns.

Because the coordinates (x) of the 9 index points on the display plane_s1,y_s1)、(x_s2,y_s2)、(x_s3,y_s3)、(x_s4,y_s4)、(x_s5,y_s5)、(x_s6,y_s6)、(x_s7,y_s7)、(x_s8,y_s8)、(x_s9，y_s9) Are known. The left eye image shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 can be calculated, and the eye motion vectors of the left eye when the 9 calibrated optotypes are seen are respectively (x)_e1,y_e1)、(x_e2,y_e2)、(x_e3,y_e3)、(x_e4,y_e4)、(x_e5,y_e5)、(x_e6,y_e6)、(x_e7,y_e7)、(x_e8,y_e8)、(x_e9,y_e9). Substituting the calibration function can obtain the following equation set consisting of 18 equations:

because the equation number is larger than the number of unknown variables, the overdetermined equation set needs to be solved according to the least square method to obtain the least square solution a₀、a₁、a₂、a₃、a₄、a₅、b₀、b₁、b₂、b₃、b₄、b₅。

After the monocular scaling of the left eye is finished, because of a₀、a₁、a₂、a₃、a₄、a₅、b₀、b₁、b₂、b₃、b₄、b₅All are solved into known values, when the examinee looks at any position of the display module, the eye movement point calculation module can calculate the left eye movement vector (x) in real time_e,y_e) Substituting the calibration function into the display module, the coordinate (x) of the position of the examinee seen by the left eye of the display module can be calculated in real time_s,y_s) I.e. the left eye movement point coordinates. The similar method can carry out the monocular calibration of the right eye and calculate the coordinates of the moving point of the right eye.

Taking the process of performing strabismus examination on one examinee through the equipment as an example, the method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) the doctor wears the equipment for the examinee. In this embodiment, the left covering module 801 and the right covering module 802 in the controllable covering module are liquid crystal shutter devices, and the squint inspection optotypes are projected onto the front curtain through the head-mounted projection device. The subject faced the curtain at a distance of 5 meters.

(2) The relative positions of the left frame 2 and the left eye are adjusted to ensure that the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye coincides with the center coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the left eye. The specific method comprises the following steps: the left covering module 801 is made transparent, the right covering module 802 is made opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on a curtain right in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is positioned right in front of the examinee visual field, and the examinee can watch the sighting mark by the left eye; the horizontal direction of the left near-infrared camera 4 and the shot image is taken as an X axis, and the vertical direction is taken as a Y axis; the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 is coincided with the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye by adjusting the left and right positions of the left mirror frame 2, and the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 is coincided with the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye by adjusting the up and down positions of the left mirror frame 2. The adjustment mode can be manually adjusted by a knob or the like, and can also be automatically adjusted by a micro motor. When the left eye pupil center coordinate shot by the left near infrared camera 4 is at the nasal side of the average coordinate of the left near infrared point light source 201, the left lens frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the nasal side relative to the casing 1, and if the left eye pupil center coordinate is at the temporal side of the average coordinate of the left near infrared point light source 201, the left lens frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the temporal side relative to the casing 1 until the X coordinate of the left eye pupil center coordinate coincides with the X coordinate of the left eye cornea reflection point center coordinate; if the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 is on the upper side of the average coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 201, the left lens frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the upper side relative to the left eye, and if the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye is on the lower side of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye, the left lens frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the lower side relative to the left eye until the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye coincides with the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye.

(3) According to a method similar to the previous step, the right covering module 802 is made transparent, the left covering module 801 is made opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a visual target on a curtain right in front of the examinee, the visual target is positioned right in front of the visual field of the examinee, the examinee watches the visual target with the right eye, the relative position of the right eye frame 5 and the right eye is adjusted, and the central coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the central coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye are coincided.

(4) And (5) checking the strabismus. The control module makes the left covering module 801 and the right covering module 802 in the controllable covering module become transparent, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on a curtain right in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is positioned right in front of the visual field of the examinee, the sighting mark in front can be seen by both eyes, and if the pupil center coordinate of one eye and the cornea reflection point center coordinate of the eye do not coincide, the calibration-free strabismus checking module judges that strabismus is displayed. If the center coordinate of the left eye pupil coincides with the center coordinate of the left eye corneal reflection point and the center coordinate of the right eye pupil coincides with the center coordinate of the right eye corneal reflection point, the calibration-free strabismus checking module judges that no strabismus exists.

(5) And (5) inspecting heterophoria. In the last step, if the calibrating-free strabismus checking module judges that there is no strabismus, the control module makes the left covering module 801 in the controllable covering module keep transparent, the right covering module 802 become opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on the curtain in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is located in front of the examinee's visual field, and only the left eye can see the sighting mark. If the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye are not coincident at the moment, the calibration-free strabismus checking module judges that the strabismus exists. Or the control module makes the right covering module 802 in the controllable covering module keep transparent, the left covering module 801 become opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on the curtain right in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is positioned right in front of the examinee, and only the right eye can see the sighting mark. If the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left eye are not coincident at the moment, the strabismus inspection module without calibration judges that the strabismus exists.

In the above steps (4) and (5), the presence or absence of the strabismus and the heterophoria can be qualitatively determined without calibration by the calibration-free eyeball movement direction determination module and the calibration-free strabismus checking module.

If the strabismus degree needs to be quantitatively measured, after monocular calibration is respectively carried out on the left eye and the right eye through the monocular calibration module and the eye movement point calculation module, the sighting marks are displayed in different directions in front of the examinee, and the two-eye visible sighting marks, the only left-eye visible sighting marks and the only right-eye visible sighting marks are switched through controlling the controllable covering module. If the left eye moving point coincides with the visual target position when only the left eye can see the visual target, and the right eye moving point coincides with the visual target position when only the right eye can see the visual target, but the eye moving point of one eye does not coincide with the visual target position when the visual target is seen by two eyes, the strabismus is judged, and the strabismus is the visual angle difference value between the eye moving point and the visual target position. If the left eye moving point coincides with the visual target position when the visual target is visible by the two eyes, and the right eye moving point coincides with the visual target position, but only the visual target is visible by the left eye, the right eye moving point does not coincide with the visual target position, or only the visual target is visible by the right eye, the left eye moving point does not coincide with the visual target position, and then the heterophoria is judged, and the heterophoria is the visual angle difference value between the eye moving point and the visual target position. When the heterophoria examination is carried out, although the covered eyes can not see the visual target, the eye movement point calculating module can still calculate the eye movement point of the covered eyes, thereby judging whether the eye movement point and the visual target are superposed or not and calculating the visual angle difference value.

Besides strabismus, the equipment can also be used for amblyopia training, binocular vision training and other vision detection and training related to eyeball movement.

Taking amblyopia training as an example, the device comprises an amblyopia training module which is a program running on a computer, and the working principle is as follows: the amblyopia training module displays the amblyopia training image on the display module 9, for example, the dynamic game image played on the polarization display, the left eye of the trainer is the amblyopia eye, the right eye of the trainer is normal, and the dynamic game image contains interactive contents. For example, a game where a gun is fired to fly a balloon, the gun is visible to the left eye through the left masking module 801 polarizer, the eye point of the left eye is the center of sight on the gun for aiming, and the balloon is visible to the right eye through the right masking module 802 polarizer. When the eye movement point of the left eye falls on the balloon for more than 2 seconds, the balloon can be exploded. The game can display the game scores according to the number of the exploded balloons, and set up different levels of difficulty of the level, in order to increase the trainer's interest, play a better training effect.

Taking binocular vision training as an example, the device comprises a binocular vision training module which is a program running on a computer, and the working principle of the device is as follows: the binocular vision training module trains simultaneous vision by alternately displaying images only visible for the left eye and images only visible for the right eye in a time-sharing manner, and judges the simultaneous vision training effect by judging whether the moving point of the left eye, the moving point of the right eye and the training content images are overlapped or not. The binocular vision training module trains the fusion vision by displaying images which are visible by two eyes simultaneously, and judges the training effect of the fusion vision by judging whether the left eye moving point and the right eye moving point are overlapped. The binocular vision training module trains stereoscopic vision by displaying a stereoscopic graph with a certain parallax between an image only visible for the left eye and an image only visible for the right eye, and judges the stereoscopic vision training effect by the overlapping distance of the left eye moving point and the right eye moving point. For example, the stereoscopic training content is a ping-pong ball, the ping-pong ball and the bat are stereoscopic graphs with a certain parallax between left and right eyes, the ping-pong ball can fly from opposite to far to near, and when a trainer judges that the distance between the ping-pong ball and the bat is close, the trainer can hit the ball by pressing a key of the handle. The distance of the coincidence of the left eye movement point and the right eye movement point is the intersection point of the left eye sight line and the right eye sight line, and the binocular vision training module judges the effect of stereoscopic vision training by calculating the intersection point of the left eye sight line and the right eye sight line, the distance of human eyes and the display distance deviation of the virtual three-dimensional sphere. If the distance deviation is small, the stereoscopic vision training effect is good, the difficulty of training games can be increased properly, for example, the speed of the ball is increased; if the distance deviation is large, the difficulty of the training game can be properly reduced, for example, the ball speed is slower, so that the effective stereoscopic vision training effect is guaranteed.

Example two

The disclosed wear-type visual detection and visual training equipment of this embodiment, including casing 1, left picture frame 2, left semi-transparent semi-reflection lens 3, left near-infrared camera 4, left near-infrared pointolite 11, right picture frame 5, left semi-transparent semi-reflection lens 6, right near-infrared camera 7, right near-infrared pointolite 12, controllable module, control module, display module that cover. Fig. 5(a) is a plan view of the apparatus configuration diagram, and fig. 5(b) is a front view of the apparatus configuration diagram.

The casing 1 is head-mounted, and is kept fixed relative to the head by a fixing device, and the fixing device can be a circular or T-shaped head band or a helmet-type fixing device.

The left eye frame 2 is connected with the cabinet 1, and the relative position of the left eye frame 2 and the cabinet 1 is adjustable. The left frame 1 is a centrosymmetric figure, and the embodiment is a circle. The left frame 1 has a slot for receiving each vision correction lens, such as a near vision lens, a far vision lens, or an strabismus correction lens, or may not have any lenses.

The left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3 is a plane lens, is connected with the left lens frame 2 and has a fixed relative position, and has an included angle theta with the plane of the left lens frame 2, wherein theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, and can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light.

The left near infrared point light source and the left half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 11 are fixed with the left spectacle frame 2, the emitted near infrared light irradiates the left eye through the reflection of the left half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 3, and a reflection point is formed on the cornea of the left eye. The connecting line of the virtual image of the left near-infrared point light source 11 on the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3 and the symmetrical center of the left mirror frame 2 is set to be L₁，L₁Is vertical to the plane of the left mirror frame 2; is provided with L₁The intersection point with the left half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 3 is O₃Left near infrared point light sources 11 and O₃The included angle between the connecting line and the plane of the left mirror frame 2 is 90-2 theta. The left near-infrared point light source 11 is used for providing illumination for the left near-infrared camera 4 to shoot a left eye image, and in addition, the reflection point of the left near-infrared point light source 11 on the left eye cornea can be used as a reference point for calculating the movement of the left eye eyeball. In this embodiment, the left near-infrared point light source 11 is an LED lamp, and the light emitting wavelength is 940 nm.

The left near-infrared camera 4 is positioned on the side surface of the left near-infrared point light source 11, and the distance between the left near-infrared point light source 11 and the left near-infrared point light source 11 is less than or equal to 2.5 cm. The left near-infrared camera 4 can shoot a left eye image through reflection of the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3, and an included angle between the central axis of the left near-infrared camera 4 and the plane of the left mirror frame 2 is 90-2 theta.

The right eye rim 5 is connected with the cabinet 1, and the relative position of the right eye rim 5 and the cabinet 1 is adjustable. The right frame 5 is a centrosymmetric figure, and the embodiment is a circle. The right frame 5 has a slot for receiving a vision correction lens, such as a near vision lens, a far vision lens, or an strabismus correction lens, or may not have any lenses.

The right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 6 is a plane lens, is connected with the right lens frame 5 and is fixed in relative position, has an included angle theta with the plane of the right lens frame 5, theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, can penetrate visible light and reflect near infrared light.

The number of the right near-infrared point light sources 12 is one, the relative position of the right frame 5 is fixed, the emitted near-infrared light irradiates the right eye through the reflection of the right half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 6, and a reflection point is formed on the cornea of the right eye. A connecting line L of a right near-infrared point light source 12, a virtual image of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6 and the symmetrical center of the right spectacle frame 5 is set₂，L₂Perpendicular to the plane of the right mirror frame 5; is provided with L₂The intersection point of the right half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 6 is O₄Right near infrared point light source 12 and O₄The included angle between the connecting line and the plane of the right mirror frame 5 is 90-2 theta. The right near-infrared point light source 12 is used for providing illumination for the right near-infrared camera 7 to shoot a right eye image, and in addition, a reflection point of the right near-infrared point light source 12 on the right eye cornea can be used as a reference point for calculating the motion of the eye ball of the right eye. In this embodiment, the right near-infrared point light source 12 is an LED lamp, and the light emitting wavelength is 940 nm.

The right near-infrared camera 7 is positioned on the side surface of the right near-infrared point light source 12, and the distance between the right near-infrared point light source 12 and the right near-infrared point light source is less than or equal to 2.5 cm; the right eye image can be shot through the reflection of the right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens 6, and the included angle between the central axis of the right near-infrared camera 7 and the plane of the right mirror frame 5 is 90-2 theta.

The display module may display the content of the visual inspection or the visual training, may be a display device such as a monitor, a television, a projection, or may be a projection device disposed on the housing 1. The display, television, projection, etc. may be a general flat display device, or may be a polarization type or shutter type stereoscopic display device. The projection device arranged on the casing 1 may be a laser projection device based on DOE diffraction optics, and may project one or more light spots or other patterns with specific shapes on a plane such as a curtain or a wall surface with a distance of 30cm to 6 m.

The controllable module of covering is connected with the casing, is divided into left module 801 and right module 802 of covering, and left module 801 of covering is located the outside of left half mirror 3, and right module 802 of covering is located the outside of right half mirror 6. The control module controls the left covering module 801 or the display module to realize the visibility or invisibility of the content displayed by the display module by the left eye; the control module controls the right covering module 802 or the display module to realize that the content displayed by the display module can be seen or not seen by the right eye. At any moment, at least one eye of the left eye and the right eye can see the content displayed by the display module. The left cover module 801 and the right cover module 802 in the controllable cover module may be two liquid crystal shutter devices, two polarizers capable of transmitting different types of polarized light, or two bandpass filters capable of transmitting different wavelengths of visible light.

The casing 1 is connected or fixed with the left picture frame 2, the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3, the left near-infrared camera 4, the left near-infrared point light source 11, the right picture frame 5, the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6, the right near-infrared camera 7, the right near-infrared point light source 12, the controllable covering module and other parts, and can be worn on the head.

In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes an electronic computer, and the program required for the operation of the control module is run on the electronic computer. In addition, in order that the doctor can observe the eye images of the examinee in real time, the eye images shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 and the right near-infrared camera 7 can be transmitted to the computer in real time through the USB cable and displayed in real time through the display, and the images and data can also be stored in a database of the computer. The electronic computer can also supply power to devices such as a near-infrared point light source of the equipment through the USB line.

The electronic computer comprises an image processing algorithm module which is a computer program and can calculate the pupil center coordinate of the eye and the near infrared point light source cornea reflection point coordinate in real time. Taking the left-eye image shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 as an example, as shown in fig. 6, when the left eye looks ahead, the reflection points of the pupil and the left near-infrared point light source on the cornea can be shot. Because the gray level of the pupil is low, the gray level is lower than 50; and the cornea reflection point has higher gray scale, and the gray scale is higher than 200. According to the characteristic, the image processing algorithm module finds a connected region with the gray level lower than 50 and close to a circle as a pupil region from the image, and finds a connected region with the gray level higher than 200 and the position close to the pupil region as a cornea reflection point from the image. According to the connected region of the left eye pupil region, the average coordinate value is calculated to obtain the 'left eye pupil center coordinate'. And calculating the central coordinate of the cornea reflection point according to the connected region of the cornea reflection point, wherein the central coordinate is called as the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source. In the same way, "right eye pupil center coordinates" and "right near-infrared point light source cornea reflection point coordinates" of the right eye can be obtained from the right eye image shot by the right near-infrared camera 7.

When the left eye looks at the dead ahead, the left near-infrared camera 4 can shoot the pupil center coordinate of the left eye and the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11, because the virtual image of the left near-infrared point light source 11 reflected by the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 3 is positioned at the dead ahead of the left eye, and the left near-infrared camera 3 is positioned at the position close to the left near-infrared point light source 11, according to the principle of the corneal reflection method, the pupil center coordinate shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 coincides with the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11. By adjusting the relative positions of the left frame 2 and the left eye, the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the corneal reflection point of the left eye can be coincided. When the right eye looks at the dead ahead, right eye pupil center coordinate and right near-infrared point light source cornea reflection point coordinate can be shot to right near-infrared camera 7, because the virtual image that right near-infrared point light source 12 was reflected by right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens 6 is located the dead ahead of right eye, and right near-infrared camera 7 is located the position that is close to right near-infrared point light source 12, according to the cornea reflection of light principle, right eye pupil center coordinate and the coincidence of right near-infrared point light source 12 cornea reflection point coordinate that right near-infrared camera 7 was shot. By adjusting the relative position of the right frame 5 and the right eye, the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the center coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the right eye can be coincided.

The equipment comprises an eyeball movement direction judgment module without calibration, which is a program operated on a computer, and the algorithm principle is as follows: when the left eye looks at other directions except the right front, the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the left eye are not coincident, and the direction of the center coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the left eye pointing to the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye is the movement direction of the eyeballs of the left eye. When the right eye looks at other directions except the right front, the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the center coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the right eye are not coincident, and the direction of the center coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the right eye pointing to the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye is the movement direction of the eyeball of the right eye.

The equipment also comprises a monocular calibration module and an eye movement point calculation module which can quantitatively calculate the position of the eye movement point, and the monocular calibration module and the eye movement point calculation module are programs which run on a computer, and the algorithm principle is as follows: when the left eye is marked with a single eye, only the left eye can see the marked sighting mark, and the eye movement point of the left eye can be quantitatively calculated through the left eye single eye marking from 2 points to 9 points; when the monocular calibration of the right eye is performed, only the calibration sighting mark can be seen by the right eye, and the eye movement point of the right eye can be quantitatively calculated through the monocular calibration of the right eye from 2 points to 9 points. Taking 9-point monocular calibration of the left eye and calculation of the eye movement point of the left eye as an example: the left eye 'eye movement vector' is defined as the difference between the center coordinates of the pupil of the left eye and the center coordinates of the corneal reflection point of the left eye. Fig. 7 shows the left-eye image captured by the left near-infrared camera 4 when a subject looks at 9 square points, i.e., the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the upper left corner, the middle left corner, the right corner, the lower left corner, the lower right corner, and the coordinates of the "left eye pupil center" and the "11 cornea reflection point of the left near-infrared point light source" can be calculated by the image processing algorithm module. In order to accurately calculate the one-to-one correspondence relationship between the eye movement vector and the eye movement point position, calibration can be performed by adopting a data fitting mode, and the number of calibration points is generally 2 to 9 points. The calibration method is similar to the embodiment. After the left-eye monocular calibration and the right-eye monocular calibration are completed, the left-eye movement vector can be substituted into the left-eye calibration function, the right-eye movement vector is substituted into the right-eye calibration function, and the left-eye movement point coordinate and the right-eye movement point coordinate of the examinee are calculated in real time.

(2) The relative positions of the left frame 2 and the left eye are adjusted to ensure that the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye and the coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the left near-infrared point light source 11 are superposed. The specific method comprises the following steps: the left covering module 801 is made transparent, the right covering module 802 is made opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on a curtain right in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is positioned right in front of the examinee visual field, and the examinee can watch the sighting mark by the left eye; the horizontal direction of the left near-infrared camera 4 and the shot image is taken as an X axis, and the vertical direction is taken as a Y axis; the X coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 is coincided with the X coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source 11 by adjusting the left and right positions of the left lens frame 2, and the Y coordinate of the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 is coincided with the Y coordinate of the reflection point coordinate of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source 11 by adjusting the up and down positions of the left lens frame 2. The adjustment mode can be manually adjusted by a knob or the like, and can also be automatically adjusted by a micro motor. When in automatic adjustment, if the central coordinate of the left eye pupil shot by the left near-infrared camera 11 is at the nasal side of the corneal reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11, the left lens frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the nasal side relative to the machine shell 1, and if the central coordinate of the left eye pupil is at the temporal side of the corneal reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11, the left lens frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the temporal side relative to the machine shell 1 until the X coordinate of the central coordinate of the left eye pupil coincides with the X coordinate of the corneal reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11; if the left eye pupil center coordinate shot by the left near-infrared camera 4 is on the upper side of the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11, the left mirror frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the upper side relative to the left eye, and if the left eye pupil center coordinate is on the lower side of the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11, the left mirror frame 2 is driven by the micro motor to move towards the lower side relative to the left side until the Y coordinate of the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11 and the Y coordinate of the cornea reflection point center coordinate of the left eye coincide.

(4) And (5) checking the strabismus. The control module enables the left covering module 801 and the right covering module 802 in the controllable covering module to be transparent, the head-mounted projection device projects a visual target on a curtain in front of a detected person, the visual target is located in front of the visual field of the detected person, both eyes can see the visual target, and if the pupil center coordinate of one eye and the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near infrared point light source 11 or the right near infrared point light source 12 of the eye do not coincide, the calibration-free strabismus checking module judges that strabismus is displayed. If the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye coincides with the cornea reflection point coordinate of the left near-infrared point light source 11, and the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye coincides with the cornea reflection point coordinate of the right near-infrared point light source 12, the calibration-free strabismus checking module judges that no strabismus exists.

(5) And (5) inspecting heterophoria. In the last step, if the calibration-free strabismus checking module judges that there is no strabismus, the control module makes the left covering module 801 in the controllable covering module keep transparent, the right covering module becomes 802 opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on the curtain right in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is located right in front of the examinee's visual field, and only the left eye can see the sighting mark. If the center coordinate of the pupil of the right eye and the coordinate of the corneal reflection point of the right near-infrared point light source 12 are not coincident at the moment, the calibration-free squint inspection module judges that the squint exists. Or the control module makes the right covering module 802 in the controllable covering modules keep transparent, the left covering module becomes 801 opaque, the head-mounted projection device projects a sighting mark on a curtain right in front of the examinee, the sighting mark is positioned right in front of the visual field of the examinee, and only the right eye can see the sighting mark. If the center coordinate of the pupil of the left eye and the coordinate of the reflection point of the cornea of the left near-infrared point light source 11 are not coincident at the moment, the calibration-free squint inspection module judges that the squint exists.

Besides strabismus, the equipment can also be used for amblyopia training, binocular vision training and other vision detection and training related to eyeball movement. The amblyopia training module is a program running on a computer, and the working principle of the amblyopia training module is as follows: the amblyopia training image displayed by the display module contains interactive contents, and the trainer interacts through the eye movement points of the amblyopia eyes. The binocular vision training module is a program running on a computer and comprises simultaneous vision, fusion vision and stereoscopic vision training contents, and the working principle is as follows: training simultaneous vision by alternately displaying images only visible for the left eye and images only visible for the right eye in a time-sharing manner, and judging the simultaneous vision training effect by judging whether the left eye moving point, the right eye moving point and the training content images are overlapped or not; training a fusion vision by displaying images which are visible by two eyes at the same time, and judging the training effect of the fusion vision by judging whether the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye are overlapped; the stereoscopic vision is trained by displaying a stereoscopic graph with a certain parallax between an image only visible by a left eye and an image only visible by a right eye, and the stereoscopic vision training effect is judged by the superposition distance of the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye.

Claims

1. A head-mounted visual inspection and visual training device is characterized by comprising,

a display module;

a control module;

the left near-infrared camera and the left frame are fixed in relative positions and can shoot a left eye image through reflection of the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens; the included angle between the central axis of the left near-infrared camera and the plane of the left mirror frame is 90-2 theta; setting the intersection point of the central axis of the left near infrared camera and the left semi-transparent and semi-reflective lensIs O₁Through O₁And a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the left mirror frame passes through the center of a circle of the left mirror frame;

the right near-infrared camera and the right frame are fixed in relative positions and can shoot a right eye image through reflection of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens; the included angle between the central axis of the right near-infrared camera and the plane of the right mirror frame is 90-2 theta; the intersection point of the central axis of the right near-infrared camera and the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens is O₂Through O₂And a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the right mirror frame passes through the center of a circle of the right mirror frame;

2. The head-mounted visual inspection and visual training device of claim 1, wherein 8 left near-infrared point light sources are distributed on the side of the left frame facing the eyes, the 8 left near-infrared point light sources are arranged along a circle and at equal intervals, the arrangement mode is that one left near-infrared point light source is arranged right above the left frame, and one left near-infrared point light source is arranged at intervals of 45 degrees;

3. The head-mounted vision inspection and training device of claim 1, wherein a circular vision correction lens is mountable on the left frame; the right frame can be provided with a round vision correction lens.

4. The head-mounted vision detection and vision training apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the relative positions of the left eye frame and the left eye are adjusted by:

5. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training device of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a micro-motor, wherein the interpupillary distance adjustment is automatic, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

6. The head-mounted visual detection and vision training device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the left one of the controllable covering modules is a liquid crystal shutter device, and the control module controls whether it is powered on, transparent when powered on, and opaque when not powered on; or the transparent film is opaque when electrified and transparent when not electrified; the right covering module in the controllable covering modules is a liquid crystal shutter device, and the control module controls whether the controllable covering modules are electrified or not, and the controllable covering modules are transparent when electrified and are not transparent when not electrified; or the transparent film is opaque when electrified and transparent when not electrified;

or: the left covering module of the controllable covering module can only transmit the wavelength of lambda₁The right covering module in the controllable covering module can only transmit the light with the wavelength of lambda₂λ, band pass filter for visible light₁Is not equal to lambda₂(ii) a When the control module controls the display module to display the display containing only the light-emitting wavelength lambda₁When the image is displayed, only the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the left covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display the display containing only the light-emitting wavelength lambda₂When the image is displayed, only the right eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the right covering module; when the control module controls the display module to display the display data and the light-emitting wavelength is lambda₁And a light emission wavelength of λ₂When the image is displayed, the left eye can see the image displayed by the display module through the left covering module, and the right eye can see the display through the right covering moduleThe image displayed by the module.

7. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training device of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the housing is comprised of a side material and a front material; the side material of the shell is not transparent to visible light and near infrared light; the front material of the shell is transparent to visible light; the shell covers the left mirror frame, the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the left near-infrared camera, the right mirror frame, the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the right near-infrared camera and the controllable covering module from the outside; the shell does not shield the front vision of human eyes, and simultaneously, external visible light and near infrared light cannot be irradiated in through a gap between the left eye and the left frame or a gap between the right eye and the right frame.

8. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the housing is provided with a projection device by which a pattern is projected onto a plane in front.

9. The head-mounted vision inspection and vision training device of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a calibration-free eye movement direction determination module:

10. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a monocular calibration module and an eye movement point calculation module:

11. The head mounted vision detection and vision training apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a calibration-free strabismus check module:

12. The head-mounted vision inspection and training device of claim 10, further comprising a strabismus inspection module:

13. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training device of claim 10, further comprising an amblyopia training module: the amblyopia training image displayed by the display module contains interactive contents, and the trainer interacts through the eye movement points of the amblyopia eyes.

14. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training device of claim 10, further comprising a binocular vision training module comprising simultaneous vision, fused vision, and stereoscopic vision training content, wherein: training simultaneous vision by alternately displaying images only visible for the left eye and images only visible for the right eye in a time-sharing manner, and judging the simultaneous vision training effect by judging whether the left eye moving point, the right eye moving point and the training content images are overlapped or not; training a fusion vision by displaying images which are visible by two eyes at the same time, and judging the training effect of the fusion vision by judging whether the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye are overlapped; the stereoscopic vision is trained by displaying a stereoscopic graph with a certain parallax between an image only visible by a left eye and an image only visible by a right eye, and the stereoscopic vision training effect is judged by the superposition distance of the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye.

15. A head-mounted visual inspection and visual training device, comprising:

a display module;

a control module;

one near infrared point light source at the right side, and the relative position of the right side near infrared point light source and the right frame is fixedThen, the emitted near infrared light irradiates the right eye through the reflection of the right half-transmitting half-reflecting lens, and forms a reflection point on the cornea of the right eye; a connecting line L is set between a virtual image of the right near-infrared point light source and the symmetric center of the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens and the symmetric center of the right mirror frame₂，L₂Is vertical to the plane of the right mirror frame; is provided with L₂The intersection point of the right semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens is O₄Right near infrared point light source and O₄The included angle between the connecting line of the right mirror frame and the plane of the right mirror frame is 90-2 theta;

16. The head-mounted vision inspection and training device of claim 15, wherein the left frame has vision correction lenses mounted thereon; the right glasses frame can be provided with vision correction lenses.

17. The head-mounted vision inspection and vision training device of claim 15, wherein the relative positions of the left eye frame and the left eye are adjusted by:

18. The head-mounted visual detection and vision training device according to any one of claims 15 to 17, further comprising a micro-motor, wherein the interpupillary distance is adjusted in an automatic manner, comprising the steps of:

19. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training apparatus of any one of claims 15 to 18, wherein the left one of the controllable covering modules is a liquid crystal shutter device, and the control module controls whether it is powered on, transparent when powered on, and opaque when not powered on; or the transparent film is opaque when electrified and transparent when not electrified; the right covering module in the controllable covering modules is a liquid crystal shutter device, and the control module controls whether the controllable covering modules are electrified or not, and the controllable covering modules are transparent when electrified and are not transparent when not electrified; or the transparent film is opaque when electrified and transparent when not electrified;

20. The head-mounted visual detection and training device of any one of claims 15-19, wherein the housing is comprised of a side material and a front material, the side material of the housing being opaque to visible light and opaque to near infrared light; the front material of the shell is transparent to visible light; the left mirror frame, the left semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the left near-infrared camera, the left near-infrared point light source, the right mirror frame, the right semi-transparent semi-reflective lens, the right near-infrared camera, the right near-infrared point light source and the controllable covering module are covered from the outside; the front visual field of human eyes is not blocked, and external visible light and near infrared light can not be irradiated in through a gap between the left eye and the left frame or a gap between the right eye and the right frame.

21. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training apparatus of any one of claims 15 to 20, wherein the housing is provided with a projection device by which the pattern is projected onto a plane in front.

22. The head-mounted vision detection and training device of any one of claims 15 to 21, further comprising a calibration-free eye movement direction determination module:

23. The head-mounted visual detection and vision training apparatus according to any one of claims 15 to 22, further comprising a monocular calibration module and an eye movement point calculation module:

24. The head mounted vision detection and vision training apparatus of claim 22, further comprising a calibration-free strabismus check module:

25. The head-mounted vision inspection and training device of claim 23, further comprising a strabismus inspection module:

26. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training device of claim 23, further comprising an amblyopia training module: the amblyopia training image displayed by the display module contains interactive contents, and the trainer interacts through the eye movement points of the amblyopia eyes.

27. The head-mounted visual inspection and vision training device of claim 23, further comprising a binocular vision training module comprising simultaneous vision, fused vision, and stereoscopic vision training content, wherein: training simultaneous vision by alternately displaying images only visible for the left eye and images only visible for the right eye in a time-sharing manner, and judging the simultaneous vision training effect by judging whether the left eye moving point, the right eye moving point and the training content images are overlapped or not; training a fusion vision by displaying images which are visible by two eyes at the same time, and judging the training effect of the fusion vision by judging whether the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye are overlapped; the stereoscopic vision is trained by displaying a stereoscopic graph with a certain parallax between an image only visible by a left eye and an image only visible by a right eye, and the stereoscopic vision training effect is judged by the superposition distance of the moving point of the left eye and the moving point of the right eye.