CN113692940A - Ecological bag for slope greening and greening method - Google Patents
Ecological bag for slope greening and greening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692940A CN113692940A CN202111040899.6A CN202111040899A CN113692940A CN 113692940 A CN113692940 A CN 113692940A CN 202111040899 A CN202111040899 A CN 202111040899A CN 113692940 A CN113692940 A CN 113692940A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/50—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Abstract
An ecological bag for slope greening and a greening method are disclosed, wherein the ecological bag is prepared by the following steps: firstly, preparing special non-woven fabrics for the ecological bag, and then preparing a kangaroo type long bag by using the special non-woven fabrics for the ecological bag, wherein the kangaroo type long bag comprises the following components: the long bag body, the plurality of planting small bags and the tying opening; and finally, filling a filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long bag to prepare the ecological bag for slope greening. The flexible bag body is adopted to replace traditional hard building materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete and the like, the bag body material can permeate water instantly, can effectively solve drainage and is integrated with a rock slope to form a permanent ecological retaining wall; a layer of soil containing activity is piled up on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, so that the difficulty that the adhesion force of foreign soil and rock is not strong is overcome; the soil, nutrient substances and plant attachment space required by the growth of the plants on the rock slope are provided better, the growth of the plants in the ecological bag and the rooting of the plant roots can prevent rainfall from washing away soil and broken stones, the driving safety and the driving comfort can be improved, and the effects of noise reduction and dust removal can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a kangaroo type long ecological bag for slope greening in rock steep slope greening and ecological restoration engineering, a method for greening the slope by using the same.
Background
In the process of infrastructure construction and mineral exploitation, a large number of exposed mountains can be formed, and in order to realize sustainable development, protect ecological environment and reduce water and soil loss, the rock slope needs to be subjected to greening or ecological restoration. The conventional technical means is difficult to carry out vegetation restoration on a large number of high and steep slopes in engineering, particularly high and steep rock slopes.
The long bag is a new technology generated under the requirement, and the technology is a series of long soil bags longitudinally arranged on the surface of a slope body, and then plants are planted on the bag body through an opening. This technique needs to break on the bag body, takes place a series of problems such as the bag body tears easily, has increased the potential safety hazard. In addition, how to obtain the corresponding recovery matrix and organically combine the recovery matrix with the ecological bag becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently in the prior art. Therefore, aiming at the steep rock slope, finding a safer and more efficient vegetation restoration device and method is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field, and has very important significance for building an ecological new city and protecting the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a kangaroo type long ecological bag for slope greening, and a greening method by using the same.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological bag for restoring green side slopes is prepared in the following mode:
firstly, preparing the special non-woven fabric for the ecological bag, comprising the following steps:
1) mixing polypropylene colloidal particles and anti-aging polypropylene master batches to obtain a mixture;
2) heating and melting the mixture obtained in the step 1), and extruding into filaments;
3) uniformly spraying the prepared modified material on the surface of the filament in the step 2);
4) drawing, curling, cutting, drying and shaping the filaments obtained in the step 3) to obtain anti-aging polypropylene short fibers;
5) carrying out processes of opening, carding, lapping, needling, heat setting and winding on the anti-aging polypropylene short fibers obtained in the step 4) to produce the special non-woven fabric for the kangaroo type long bag;
then, preparing kangaroo type long bags by using the non-woven fabric special for the ecological bags, wherein the kangaroo type long bags comprise: a strip bag body, a plurality of planting small bags and tying openings,
one end of the strip-shaped bag body is closed, and the other end of the strip-shaped bag body is provided with a tying opening for accommodating soil in the strip-shaped bag body;
the planting small bags are sequentially arranged on the strip bag body, openings are formed in the planting small bags, so that planting soil is filled in the planting small bags, and the directions of the openings of the planting small bags are the same;
finally, filling a filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long bag to prepare an ecological bag for slope greening;
wherein the fill matrix material comprises soil, fertilizer, and soil improving fibers, the soil improving fibers comprising: wood fiber, biochar, humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, seaweed extract, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical potassium fulvate, diatomite, shell powder, trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus.
Optionally, in the preparation of the non-woven fabric special for the ecological bag, the polypropylene fiber colloidal particles and the anti-aging polypropylene master batch are prepared according to the following parts by weight: 95-97 parts of polypropylene colloidal particles; 3-5 parts of anti-aging polypropylene master batch.
Optionally, the ecological bag still includes the sewing thread, the sewing thread that the ultraviolet resistance ageing polypropylene master batch preparation was formed for having added, the color of ecological bag special non-woven fabrics is green.
Optionally, when preparing kangaroo type rectangular bag, a plurality of the planting pouch is sewed up and set up in rectangular bag body.
Optionally, the tying opening is formed by folding and sewing the edge of the strip bag body inwards.
Optionally, the fertilizer in the filling matrix material is a slow release fertilizer;
the soil improving fiber in the filling matrix material comprises, in parts by weight,
humus: 25-30 parts by weight;
mushroom dregs: 10-15 parts by weight;
polysaccharide: 3-6 parts by weight;
refined seaweed: 1-3 parts by weight;
carboxymethyl chitosan: 1-2 parts by weight;
biochemical potassium fulvate: 1-3 parts by weight;
diatomite: 1-3 parts by weight;
shell powder: 3-5 parts by weight;
and (3) trichoderma: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
nitrogen-fixing bacteria: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
b, composite bacillus: 0.001-0.005 weight portion.
Alternatively, for the soil improving fiber,
wherein the wood fiber is obtained by steaming and extracting wood or paper mixture at high temperature and heating at 200 deg.C, and is subjected to sterilization and recycling heat treatment;
the biochar is prepared by pyrolysis of wood, has a high-porosity particle structure, and has a pore diameter of 0.1809 μm;
the humus is the main part of soil organic matters and is black amorphous organic colloid;
the mushroom dregs are prepared by crushing and fermenting mushroom production leftovers;
the polysaccharide is a polysaccharide cross-linked substance, can provide water retention capacity, and can increase the viscosity and the bonding strength of a matrix to prevent scouring;
the seaweed essence takes alginic acid as a main component, and also contains essential elements of plants, plant growth hormone (auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin), vitamins, humic acid, plant stress-resistant factors and the like;
the carboxymethyl chitosan is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and is prepared by reacting chitosan with chloroacetic acid under an alkaline condition;
the biochemical potassium fulvate is a pure natural fermentation product, is rich in almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, saccharides and various enzymes required in the plant growth process, and has a growth promoting factor with a high biological activity function;
the diatomite is a siliceous rock, has a special porous structure and a larger specific surface area, and has strong adsorption performance and light volume weight;
the main component of the shell powder is calcium carbonate, and the shell powder contains a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide substances and chitin, and also contains certain essential elements (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc) for plant growth;
the trichoderma can decompose organic matters of cellulose in the growth and propagation processes to generate substances of amino acid and polysaccharide;
the azotobacter can automatically propagate and fix free nitrogen in the air in the soil;
the composite bacillus comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation process.
Optionally, the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is determined by the soil organic matter content of a rock slope, and the relationship between the soil organic matter content of the rock slope and the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is as follows;
the content of organic matter (wt%) in soil of rock slope is 0-0.75, and the using quantity (g/m) of soil improvement fibre2) 500-; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 0.75-1.5, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) Is 450-500; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 1.5-2.0, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) 400-450; when the content of organic matters (weight percent) in the soil of the rock slope is 2.0-5.0, the using amount (g/m2) of the soil improvement fiber is less than or equal to 400.
The invention further discloses a method for carrying out greening by utilizing the ecological bag for slope greening, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing the ecological bag for slope greening;
2) fixing the ecological bag on the surface of the rock slope;
3) and (4) putting the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags to finish the rock slope greening.
Optionally, the method comprises one or more of the following steps:
before fixing the ecological bag, slope surface treatment is carried out, and loose rocks on the surface of the side slope are cleaned by adopting machines or manual methods;
filling the specially-stirred filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long strip bag, uniformly mixing by a machine, filling into an ecological bag, and sealing by a highly uvioresistant binding belt;
when the ecological bag is fixed, the kangaroo-shaped long bags are longitudinally arranged along the slope toe line and then are transversely stacked.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the flexible bag body is adopted to replace the traditional hard building materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete and the like, so that the sand dune structure supporting effect is realized on one hand, and the bag body material has excellent physical properties, high strength, small deformation and hydrophile and ventilation on the other hand; good water permeability and ultraviolet resistance. The bag body material can permeate water instantly, realizes virtuous cycle of water, is beneficial to plant growth, can effectively solve water drainage, is beneficial to stable structure, and is integrated with a rock side slope to form a permanent ecological retaining wall.
2. A layer of soil containing activity is piled up on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, the problem that plants cannot root on the rock for oxygen uptake is solved, and meanwhile, the difficulty that the adhesion force of foreign soil and the rock is not strong is overcome, so that the ecological regreening of the rock slope is realized.
3. The soil, nutrient substances and plant attachment space required by the growth of the plants on the rock slope are provided better, so that the aims of recovering the natural environment, protecting the ecological balance and beautifying the environment are fulfilled; the growth of the plant in the ecological bag and the rooting of the plant root system can prevent rainfall from washing away soil and broken stones, especially on a highway slope, the driving safety and the driving comfort can be improved, and the effects of noise reduction and dust removal can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front and side comparative view of an ecological bag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the ecological bag after greening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings respectively refer to the technical features:
1. planting small bags; 2. tying; 3. a strip bag body; 4. and (4) opening.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The invention mainly comprises the following steps: aiming at the application environment of the ecological bag, a special anti-aging special non-woven fabric for the ecological bag is produced; aiming at the problem that the strip bag is easy to tear, a kangaroo-type strip bag is prepared, a plurality of planting small bags are arranged on the surface of a strip bag body, and the planting small bags are provided with openings, so that the safety of the strip bag is improved; the special filling matrix material is filled in the body of the kangaroo type long bag, a layer of soil containing nutrient activity can be piled on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, the problems of poor soil and nutrient and poor water storage and retention capacity are solved, cup seedlings are directly planted in the small bag of the kangaroo type long bag, a rock slope re-green structure is formed, and the re-green of the slope is completed. The ecological bag has high strength, good tear resistance, can bear strong soil loading pressure, can ensure stable structure, and also has good water permeability and ultraviolet resistance.
Specifically, the invention discloses an ecological bag for slope greening, which is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, preparing the special non-woven fabric for the ecological bag, comprising the following steps:
1) mixing polypropylene colloidal particles and anti-aging polypropylene master batches to obtain a mixture;
2) heating and melting the mixture obtained in the step 1), and extruding into filaments;
3) uniformly spraying the prepared modified material on the surface of the filament in the step 2);
4) drawing, curling, cutting, drying and shaping the filaments obtained in the step 3) to obtain anti-aging polypropylene short fibers;
5) and 4) carrying out processes of opening, carding, lapping, needling, heat setting, winding and the like on the anti-aging polypropylene short fibers obtained in the step 4), and producing the special non-woven fabric for the kangaroo type long bag.
Then, a kangaroo-type strip bag, referring to fig. 1 and 2, is prepared by using the nonwoven fabric exclusively used for the ecological bag, and includes: a strip bag body 3, a plurality of planting small bags 1 and tying openings 2,
the long bag body 3 is closed at one end, and is provided with a tying opening 2 at the other end, and is used for accommodating soil in the long bag body 3;
a plurality of planting pouch 1 sets gradually on rectangular bag body 3 planting pouch 1 is equipped with opening 4 to be used for planting pouch 1's inside is full of planting soil, and a plurality of opening 4's of planting pouch direction is the same. The long-strip bag is called a kangaroo long-strip bag because the long-strip bag body is provided with a plurality of planting small bags to form a shape similar to a kangaroo.
Finally, filling a filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long bag to prepare an ecological bag for slope greening;
wherein the fill matrix material comprises soil, fertilizer, and soil improving fibers, the soil improving fibers comprising: wood fiber, biochar, humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, seaweed extract, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical potassium fulvate, diatomite, shell powder, trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus.
When vegetation is recovered on a steep rock slope, the kangaroo-shaped long bag body 3 is fixed at the toe of the slope, the long bag body is filled with filling matrix materials, the opening is tied, then cup seedlings are directly planted in the small bag 1 of the kangaroo-shaped long bag, the opening 4 of the planting small bag faces upwards, and the growth conditions similar to the ground are provided for the vegetation. Meanwhile, a large number of planting small bags 1 can intercept rainwater falling in the air, so that the vegetation natural growth rule is met, and the water resource utilization rate is improved.
As can be seen from the above features, the ecological bag for slope greening of the present invention has the following features:
1. the special non-woven fabric is suitable for slope greening work, has high mechanical strength, is convenient for plant root systems to penetrate, can quickly permeate hydrophilicity and moisture, and has the functions of keeping water and soil and resisting ultraviolet rays.
2. The kangaroo type long bag is prepared, the planting small bag is sewn on the surface of the long bag body, the long bag body is not provided with an opening for containing soil for planting any more, the long bag body is prevented from being torn, and the safety of the long bag is improved;
3. the planting soil can be attached to the soil of the long bag to form a soil structure with an upper layer and a lower layer, the small planting bags are favorable for water retention, the water utilization rate is improved, meanwhile, the loss of water and soil is further avoided, and the greening effect is enhanced;
4. the openings of the planting small bags are in the same direction, so that the openings of the planting small bags face upwards to provide a field-like growing condition for the vegetation; meanwhile, a plurality of planting small bags can intercept rainwater falling in the air, so that the utilization rate of water resources is improved;
5. the special matrix material can be used for piling up a layer of soil containing nutrient activity on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, and solves the problems of poor nutrient of sandy soil and poor water storage capacity, thereby realizing ecological greening of the rock slope.
Furthermore, the ecological bag also comprises sewing threads, and the sewing threads are prepared by adding ultraviolet aging resistant polypropylene master batches.
Further, in the preparation of the non-woven fabric special for the ecological bag, the polypropylene fiber colloidal particles and the anti-aging polypropylene master batches are prepared according to the following parts by weight: 95-97 parts of polypropylene colloidal particles; 3-5 parts of anti-aging polypropylene master batch.
The color of the special non-woven fabric for the ecological bag is green, the whole kangaroo type long bag made of the non-woven fabric is green similar to that of the plant, the color of the bag is consistent with that of the plant, and the landscape effect is good.
Therefore, the single-sided fluffed non-woven fabric prepared by carding, lapping, needling and heat setting the polypropylene short fiber added with the ultraviolet aging resistant master batch in the non-woven fabric special for the ecological bag by the following method has the advantages of small deformation, isotropy and ultraviolet aging resistance.
Further, when preparing the kangaroo-type long bag, the plurality of planting pouches 1 are sewn on the long bag body 3.
Therefore, because the planting pouch 1 is fixedly arranged on the strip pouch body 3 in a sewing manner, the strip pouch body no longer has an opening to accommodate soil for planting, tearing of the strip pouch body 3 is avoided, and safety of the strip pouch is improved.
Have the packing matrix material in rectangular bag body 3, fill with planting soil in the inside of planting pouch 1, plant soil and can depend on the soil of rectangular bag, two-layer soil structure about forming, it is favorable to the moisturizing to plant pouch 1, improves water use rate, has further avoided the loss of soil and water simultaneously, has strengthened the effect of making green again.
In a specific embodiment, the kangaroo-type elongated bag body 3 is 4 meters long and 30 centimeters in diameter; the planting small bag 1 is a square small bag with the volume of 10 multiplied by 10 cm, and the left side, the right side and the bottom of the planting small bag are sewn with the kangaroo type long bag body 3; the space between the planting small bags 1 is 35 cm.
It will be apparent that the particular dimensions can be adjusted to the plants being planted, and the dimensions of the particular planting pouches and the spacing between them can be adjusted to the plants being planted. For example, when smaller-root vines such as ivy, parthenocissus tricuspidata and kudzu are planted, the specification of the planting small bags is 10 cm, and the distance can be properly increased to 1 meter or 2 meters; when shrubs (such as fructus forsythiae, winter jasmine, Chinese littleleaf boxwood, rhododendron pulchrum and the like) with the plant height of 50 cm are planted, the planting small bags can be 5 cm, the distance between the small bags can be 35 cm, and the diameter of the bag body is kept at 30 cm or is properly reduced; when large shrubs such as amorpha fruticosa, lespedeza bicolor, winter jasmine, sweet clover and the like are planted, the planting small bags need to be properly enlarged to 15-20 cm, the spacing is 80-150 cm, and the diameter is ensured to be not less than 30 cm.
Furthermore, when the planting small bag 1 is sewn, the bottom of the planting small bag 1 can be partially folded and sewn, so that the volume of the planting bag can be increased, and the soil volume and vegetation growth can be improved.
Furthermore, the tying opening is formed by folding the edge of the strip bag body inwards and sewing.
Further, for the soil improving fiber in the filling matrix material, in terms of parts by weight,
humus: 25-30 parts by weight;
mushroom dregs: 10-15 parts by weight;
polysaccharide: 3-6 parts by weight;
refined seaweed: 1-3 parts by weight;
carboxymethyl chitosan: 1-2 parts by weight;
biochemical potassium fulvate: 1-3 parts by weight;
diatomite: 1-3 parts by weight;
shell powder: 3-5 parts by weight;
and (3) trichoderma: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
nitrogen-fixing bacteria: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
b, composite bacillus: 0.001-0.005 weight portion.
Further, in the case of the soil improving fiber,
wherein the wood fiber is obtained by sterilizing and recycling heat treated wood fiber, is a recyclable plant fiber substance, and is obtained by steaming and extracting mixture of wood or paper at high temperature and heating at 200 deg.C. The wood fiber after heat treatment is lighter and thinner, can cover a larger area in unit weight, has more excellent water retention and bonding performance, and eliminates weed seeds and pathogens through aseptic treatment. The wood fiber has a large number of irregular gaps, has super-strong hydrophilic performance, is high in moisture absorption speed, is not easy to harden after being dried, and provides an ideal growing environment for rapid germination and seedling strengthening of seeds, so that the wood fiber can provide organic matters for soil and improve the water retention capacity.
The biochar is prepared by high-temperature decomposition of wood, has a high-porosity particle structure, has a pore diameter of 0.1809 mu m, is easy to gather nutrient substances and beneficial microorganisms, can improve the water and fertilizer holding capacity of soil, increase the cation exchange capacity, and provide a moving place for soil probiotic microorganisms, so that the soil becomes fertile and is beneficial to plant growth.
The humus is the main part of soil organic matters, is a black amorphous organic colloid, contains elements required by plant growth and development, and can improve soil and increase fertility. The humus can be slowly decomposed in soil under certain conditions, and nutrients mainly comprising nitrogen and sulfur are released to be absorbed by plants.
The mushroom dregs are prepared by crushing and fermenting mushroom production leftovers, contain a large amount of nutrients such as protein, amino acid, mycoprotein, Ca, Zn, Mg and the like, and are easily absorbed and utilized by plants through fermentation.
The polysaccharide is a cross-linked polysaccharide that provides water retention capability while also increasing the viscosity and cohesive strength of the matrix to prevent washout.
The seaweed essence contains alginic acid as main ingredient, and also contains plant essential elements, plant growth hormone (auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin), vitamins, humic acid, plant stress-resistant factor, etc. The seaweed extract can promote seed germination, improve germination rate and facilitate plant growth. The algae essence is favorable for cultivating whole seedlings and strong seedlings, can promote the growth of plant root systems, and is favorable for plants to absorb water and nutrients.
The carboxymethyl chitosan is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and is prepared by reacting chitosan with chloroacetic acid under an alkaline condition. The carboxymethyl chitosan contains almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like required in the growth process of plants, can promote the plants to absorb nutrients, increases the resistance of the plants, and also has the functions of antibacterial capacity and soil improvement. The carboxymethyl chitosan has good stability and degradability, and the degradation product of the carboxymethyl chitosan can be absorbed by crops as a high-quality organic fertilizer, can effectively improve the granular structure of soil and has a certain soil moisture preservation effect.
The biochemical potassium fulvate is a pure natural fermentation product, is rich in almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, saccharides and various enzymes required in the growth process of plants, has a growth promoting factor with a high biological activity function, improves the absorption and operation of trace elements of the plants, has certain cold-resistant and drought-resistant effects, can promote the growth of the root systems of the plants and improve the activity of the root systems, and is beneficial to the absorption of water and nutrient elements by the plants.
The diatomite is a siliceous rock, has a special porous structure and a larger specific surface area, has strong adsorption performance and light volume weight, can play the roles of moisturizing, loosening soil and improving soil in the soil, promotes the growth effect of crops and has the role of improving the soil.
The shell powder mainly contains calcium carbonate, a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide substances and a small amount of chitin, and also contains certain essential elements (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc) for plant growth, can provide various nutrient elements for plant growth, and has antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects.
The trichoderma can decompose organic matters such as cellulose and the like in the growth and propagation process to generate substances such as amino acid, polysaccharide and the like, can promote the growth and development of plants, can increase the resistance of the plants, effectively controls soil-borne fungal diseases, and is widely used for biological control and biological fertilizer.
The azotobacter can automatically propagate and fix free nitrogen in the air in the soil. Azotobacter carbon sources are wide and include glucose, fructose, sucrose, acetic acid, nitrate, ammonia, amino acids, fumaric acid, gluconic acid and ethanol. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria are beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria, fix nitrogen in the air in soil and in the rhizosphere of various plants, supply nitrogen nutrition to the plants, and can secrete hormone to stimulate the growth of the plants.
The composite bacillus comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation process. After the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus laterosporus are propagated in soil, a plurality of physiological active substances such as gibberellin, indoleacetic acid and the like can be generated, so that crops can grow healthily, the cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance and stress resistance of the crops are enhanced, a beneficial flora is formed at the roots of the crops, and the occurrence of soil-borne diseases is effectively inhibited.
The trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus decompose organic matters such as cellulose in the growth and reproduction process, generate substances such as amino acid, polysaccharide and the like, are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, can form beneficial flora on the roots of crops, effectively inhibit soil-borne diseases and enhance the capability of resisting germs of the plants.
The mushroom residue, humus, shell powder and other components can further improve the chemical property of soil, increase the soil activity and promote plant establishment.
Preferably, the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is determined by the soil organic matter content of a rock slope, and the relationship between the soil organic matter content of the rock slope and the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is as follows;
the content of organic matter (wt%) in soil of rock slope is 0-0.75, and the using quantity (g/m) of soil improvement fibre2) 500-; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 0.75-1.5, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) Is 450-500; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 1.5-2.0, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) 400-450; when the content of organic matters (weight percent) in the soil of the rock slope is 2.0-5.0, the using amount (g/m2) of the soil improvement fiber is less than or equal to 400.
The fertilizer in the filling matrix material is a slow release fertilizer.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention further discloses a greening method using the slope greening ecological bag, comprising the following steps:
1) preparing the ecological bag for slope greening;
2) fixing the ecological bag on the surface of the rock slope;
3) and (4) putting the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags to finish the rock slope greening.
Further, before fixing the ecological bag, slope surface treatment is carried out, and loose rocks on the surface of the side slope are cleaned by adopting a machine tool or a manual method;
filling the specially-stirred filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long strip bag, uniformly mixing by a machine, filling into an ecological bag, and sealing by a highly uvioresistant binding belt;
when the ecological bag is fixed, the kangaroo-shaped long bags are longitudinally arranged along the slope toe line and then are transversely stacked.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the flexible bag body is adopted to replace the traditional hard building materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete and the like, so that the sand dune structure supporting effect is realized, and the bag body is made of a material with excellent physical properties, high strength, small deformation, hydrophilicity and breathability; good water permeability and ultraviolet resistance. The bag body material can permeate water instantly, realizes virtuous cycle of water, is beneficial to plant growth, can effectively solve water drainage, is beneficial to stable structure, and is integrated with a rock side slope to form a permanent ecological retaining wall.
2. A layer of soil containing activity is piled up on the surface of the rock slope in a solid and stable structure, the problem that plants cannot root on the rock for oxygen uptake is solved, and meanwhile, the difficulty that the adhesion force of foreign soil and the rock is not strong is overcome, so that the ecological regreening of the rock slope is realized.
3. The soil, nutrient substances and plant attachment space required by the growth of the plants on the rock slope are provided better, so that the aims of recovering the natural environment, protecting the ecological balance and beautifying the environment are fulfilled; the growth of the plant in the ecological bag and the rooting of the plant root system can prevent rainfall from washing away soil and broken stones, especially on a highway slope, the driving safety and the driving comfort can be improved, and the effects of noise reduction and dust removal can be achieved.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological bag for restoring green side slopes is prepared in the following mode:
firstly, preparing the special non-woven fabric for the ecological bag, comprising the following steps:
1) mixing polypropylene colloidal particles and anti-aging polypropylene master batches to obtain a mixture;
2) heating and melting the mixture obtained in the step 1), and extruding into filaments;
3) uniformly spraying the prepared modified material on the surface of the filament in the step 2);
4) drawing, curling, cutting, drying and shaping the filaments obtained in the step 3) to obtain anti-aging polypropylene short fibers;
5) carrying out processes of opening, carding, lapping, needling, heat setting and winding on the anti-aging polypropylene short fibers obtained in the step 4) to produce the special non-woven fabric for the kangaroo type long bag;
then, preparing kangaroo type long bags by using the non-woven fabric special for the ecological bags, wherein the kangaroo type long bags comprise: a strip bag body, a plurality of planting small bags and tying openings,
one end of the strip-shaped bag body is closed, and the other end of the strip-shaped bag body is provided with a tying opening for accommodating soil in the strip-shaped bag body;
the planting small bags are sequentially arranged on the strip bag body, openings are formed in the planting small bags, and the directions of the openings of the planting small bags are the same;
finally, filling a filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long bag to prepare an ecological bag for slope greening;
wherein the fill matrix material comprises soil, fertilizer, and soil improving fibers, the soil improving fibers comprising: wood fiber, biochar, humus, mushroom residue, polysaccharide, seaweed extract, carboxymethyl chitosan, biochemical potassium fulvate, diatomite, shell powder, trichoderma, azotobacter and composite bacillus.
2. The ecological bag according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the preparation of the non-woven fabric special for the ecological bag, the polypropylene fiber colloidal particles and the anti-aging polypropylene master batches are prepared according to the following parts by weight: 95-97 parts of polypropylene colloidal particles; 3-5 parts of anti-aging polypropylene master batch.
3. The ecological bag according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the ecological bag still includes the sewing thread, the sewing thread that the ultraviolet resistance ageing polypropylene master batch preparation was formed for having added, the colour of ecological bag special non-woven fabrics is green.
4. The ecological bag according to claim 1, characterized in that:
when preparing kangaroo type rectangular bag, a plurality of it sets up to plant the pouch to sew up rectangular bag body.
5. The ecological bag according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the tying opening is formed by inwards folding and sewing the edge of the long-strip bag body.
6. The ecological bag according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the fertilizer in the filling matrix material is a slow release fertilizer;
the soil improving fiber in the filling matrix material comprises, in parts by weight,
humus: 25-30 parts by weight;
mushroom dregs: 10-15 parts by weight;
polysaccharide: 3-6 parts by weight;
refined seaweed: 1-3 parts by weight;
carboxymethyl chitosan: 1-2 parts by weight;
biochemical potassium fulvate: 1-3 parts by weight;
diatomite: 1-3 parts by weight;
shell powder: 3-5 parts by weight;
and (3) trichoderma: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
nitrogen-fixing bacteria: 0.001-0.005 weight part;
b, composite bacillus: 0.001-0.005 weight portion.
7. The ecological bag of claim 6, wherein:
with respect to the soil improving fiber, it is preferable that,
wherein the wood fiber is obtained by steaming and extracting wood or paper mixture at high temperature and heating at 200 deg.C, and is subjected to sterilization and recycling heat treatment;
the biochar is prepared by pyrolysis of wood, has a high-porosity particle structure, and has a pore diameter of 0.1809 μm;
the humus is the main part of soil organic matters and is black amorphous organic colloid;
the mushroom dregs are prepared by crushing and fermenting mushroom production leftovers;
the polysaccharide is a polysaccharide cross-linked substance, can provide water retention capacity, and can increase the viscosity and the bonding strength of a matrix to prevent scouring;
the seaweed essence takes alginic acid as a main component, and also contains essential elements of plants, plant growth hormone (auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin), vitamins, humic acid, plant stress-resistant factors and the like;
the carboxymethyl chitosan is a water-soluble chitosan derivative and is prepared by reacting chitosan with chloroacetic acid under an alkaline condition;
the biochemical potassium fulvate is a pure natural fermentation product, is rich in almost all substances such as amino acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, saccharides and various enzymes required in the plant growth process, and has a growth promoting factor with a high biological activity function;
the diatomite is a siliceous rock, has a special porous structure and a larger specific surface area, and has strong adsorption performance and light volume weight;
the main component of the shell powder is calcium carbonate, and the shell powder contains a small amount of amino acid, polysaccharide substances and chitin, and also contains certain essential elements (copper, magnesium, potassium, molybdenum, phosphorus, manganese, iron and zinc) for plant growth;
the trichoderma can decompose organic matters of cellulose in the growth and propagation processes to generate substances of amino acid and polysaccharide;
the azotobacter can automatically propagate and fix free nitrogen in the air in the soil;
the composite bacillus comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus laterosporus, and can generate substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, such as organic acid, amino acid, polysaccharide, hormone and the like in the growth and propagation process.
8. The ecological bag according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is determined by the soil organic matter content of a rock slope, and the relationship between the soil organic matter content of the rock slope and the usage amount of the soil improvement fiber is as follows;
the content of organic matter (wt%) in soil of rock slope is 0-0.75, and the using quantity (g/m) of soil improvement fibre2) 500-; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 0.75-1.5, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) Is 450-500; when the content of organic matters (weight%) in the soil of the rock slope is 1.5-2.0, the using amount (g/m) of the soil improvement fiber2) 400-450; when the content of organic matters (weight percent) in the soil of the rock slope is 2.0-5.0, the using amount (g/m2) of the soil improvement fiber is less than or equal to 400.
9. A method for greening with the ecological bag for slope greening according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing the ecological bag for slope greening;
2) fixing the ecological bag on the surface of the rock slope;
3) and (4) putting the cup seedlings into the planting small bags of the kangaroo type long bags to finish the rock slope greening.
10. A method of greenery according to claim 9, characterized in that: comprising one or more of the following steps:
before fixing the ecological bag, slope surface treatment is carried out, and loose rocks on the surface of the side slope are cleaned by adopting machines or manual methods;
filling the specially-stirred filling matrix material into the body of the kangaroo type long strip bag, uniformly mixing by a machine, filling into an ecological bag, and sealing by a highly uvioresistant binding belt;
when the ecological bag is fixed, the kangaroo-shaped long bags are longitudinally arranged along the slope toe line and then are transversely stacked.
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| CN202111040899.6A CN113692940B (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Ecological bag for slope re-greening and re-greening method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114532164A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 安徽大学 | Vine planting and tube culture method for regreening high and steep rocky slope |
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| CN204443323U (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-07-08 | 吴帆 | Steep high rock slope pocket-type is from seeping water tape planting |
| CN107815744A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-20 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of ecology bag and a kind of multiple green clothing of rock slope are put |
| CN207995718U (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-10-23 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of fish scale ecology bag |
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| US20080046277A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2008-02-21 | Stamets Paul E | Living systems from cardboard packaging materials |
| CN204443323U (en) * | 2015-02-01 | 2015-07-08 | 吴帆 | Steep high rock slope pocket-type is from seeping water tape planting |
| CN107815744A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-20 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of ecology bag and a kind of multiple green clothing of rock slope are put |
| CN207995718U (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-10-23 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of fish scale ecology bag |
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| CN114532164A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 安徽大学 | Vine planting and tube culture method for regreening high and steep rocky slope |
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| CN113692940B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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