CN113684047A - Small-sized coal blending coking method and device - Google Patents
Small-sized coal blending coking method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113684047A CN113684047A CN202111050371.7A CN202111050371A CN113684047A CN 113684047 A CN113684047 A CN 113684047A CN 202111050371 A CN202111050371 A CN 202111050371A CN 113684047 A CN113684047 A CN 113684047A
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- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/08—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps and the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/16—Features of high-temperature carbonising processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-sized coal blending coking method. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: the lower side of the electric heating furnace body is provided with an opening, a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device are arranged in the electric heating furnace body, and the material box can enter the electric heating furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of a lifting mechanism; a combined temperature measuring system, an electronic pressure difference measuring system and a dry quenching system are arranged on the material box; putting the coal sample into a material box and sealing; the furnace body and the material box can be heated synchronously or in advance; in the coking process, a combined temperature measurement system and an electronic differential pressure measurement system respectively and continuously monitor the temperature and the differential pressure in the material box; and after coking is finished, introducing low-temperature gas into the material box by the dry quenching system, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a coke sample. The invention can reduce the heat loss of the furnace body, save the occupied area, obtain the real-time distribution of temperature and pressure and provide more reliable data for the test coke oven and the industrial coke oven to guide the production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal blending and coking, and particularly relates to a small-sized coal blending and coking method and a small-sized coal blending and coking device.
Background
In recent years, with the withdrawal of the capacity of small coke ovens and the increasing promotion of the large-scale construction of the coke ovens, the requirement of enterprises on the quality of coke is more and more strict. In order to improve the coke quality, the optimization of coal blending coking technology is the important factor of coking enterprises, especially independent coking enterprises, however, the complex coal source, the difference of coal type structure, the fluctuation of coal quality and the impact of international imported coal put higher requirements on the stability of coke quality. Aiming at a new coal blending scheme or a new coal type, in order to ensure the safe and smooth operation of the large-scale coke oven, the application of a single coal and a new coal blending scheme through a small-size coal blending coking test has very important guiding significance on coal quality analysis and scheme feasibility verification. Therefore, the development of a test coke oven with strong representativeness, simple and flexible operation and comprehensive analysis has very important practical significance for formulating and optimizing a coal blending scheme for large coke oven production.
At present, the widely applied test coke ovens in China are 10, 40, 200 or 300 kg test coke ovens, which play a great role in the design of a coal blending scheme guided by a coking enterprise, but the defects of the coke ovens limit the wider application of the coke ovens.
The raw material, fuel and other auxiliary costs required by a single test of the 200 or 300 kg test coke oven are high, the time cost is high, the data lag is serious, the test data cannot be fed back in time, and the method is generally only used as a verification test method and is difficult to popularize and apply.
The 10 and 40 kg test ovens, while superior to the 200 or 300 kg test ovens in both cost and operational flexibility and feedback timeliness, still suffer from a number of problems: firstly, most of the test coke ovens adopt a well-type cylindrical heating furnace, a coal tank filled with a coal sample is placed into the heating furnace from top to bottom, the heating mode can cause the furnace body to dissipate a large amount of heat, and the time for the furnace body to return to the temperature is long; secondly, a natural cooling coke quenching mode is generally adopted, and a large area is occupied for arranging a furnace body arrangement position; thirdly, the actual heat and mass transfer process in the coking chamber is not considered, and due to the adoption of the torus heating mode, the difference of material heating on two sides in the actual coking process is larger, so that the matching degree of the quality of the obtained coke and a large coke oven is low.
In addition, the applicability of the existing small-sized test coke oven is limited, the main purpose is to obtain the evaluation of coke quality and ignore valuable byproducts in the coking process, and the interaction between different coal types in the coking and coal blending cannot be deeply investigated and analyzed, so that the value of the test coke oven is reduced and the guiding significance of some important data and results in the operation process of the test coke oven on the design of a coal blending scheme is ignored.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a small coal blending coking method and a small coal blending coking device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a small-size coal blending coking method and a small-size coal blending coking device, can reduce the heat loss of a furnace body, save the floor area of a test coke oven, obtain the real-time distribution of temperature and pressure, have high fitting degree with a large-size coke oven in the coking process, have high quality of the obtained coke and high matching degree of the large-size coke, provide more reliable comparative data for the test coke oven and the industrial large-size coke oven so as to guide the industrial coking production, are suitable for the coking test of various single coals and blended coals, can research the interaction between different coals in the coking process, and provide a favorable tool for guiding the coking and coal blending.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a small-sized coal blending coking method is characterized in that a coal sample is loaded into a material box and sealed, the material box enters a furnace body for high-temperature coking, and leaves the furnace body after coking is finished, and the method is characterized in that: the lower side of the furnace body is provided with an opening, and a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device are arranged in the furnace body; a combined temperature measuring system, an electronic pressure difference measuring system and a dry quenching system are arranged on the material box;
firstly, any one of the following methods is selected to put the material box into the furnace body:
the material box enters the furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of a lifting mechanism, and the double-side heating device is lifted to 600-1100 ℃ and stays for 5-8 hours;
secondly, stopping the material box below the furnace body, not entering the furnace body, controlling the temperature of the furnace body to rise according to the method I, and after the temperature of the furnace body reaches the expectation and is constant for 30min, entering the material box into the furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of a lifting mechanism for coking;
then, in the coking process, a combined temperature measurement system and an electronic differential pressure measurement system respectively and continuously monitor the temperature and the differential pressure in the material box; or selecting the coking ending time according to the temperatures of different positions of the material box, or selecting the coking ending time according to the gas pressures of different positions in the material box;
and finally, after the coking is finished, the dry quenching system introduces low-temperature gas into the material box to cool the material box to room temperature, and then a coke sample is obtained.
Preferably, the heating mode of the furnace body is that the heating device on the two sides is heated to 600-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stays for 5-8 hours, and the auxiliary heating device is heated to 300-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stays until the heating device on the two sides stops heating.
Preferably, the central opening of the upper cover of the material box is connected with a chemical product collecting system, so that the coking gas is condensed and collected and the waste gas is discharged; an opening hole in the bottom of the material box is connected with a sampling device, and 3-6 temperature values are selected at 900-1100 ℃ to sample and collect coking gas.
A small-size coal blending coking device is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the electric heating furnace body comprises a furnace body and an electric heating device, and an opening is formed in the lower side of the furnace body; the electric heating device comprises a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device, the bilateral heating device is embedded in two sides of the interior of the furnace body, and the auxiliary heating device is embedded in the interior of the furnace body;
the material box is used for filling single coal or blended coal, and the outline dimension of the material box is matched with the lower side opening and the inner space of the furnace body; the material box is respectively connected with the chemical product collecting system, the sampling device, the dry quenching system, the combined temperature measuring system and the electronic differential pressure measuring system;
the lifting mechanism carries out fixed-point lifting on the material box, the combined temperature measuring system and the electronic differential pressure measuring system, so that the material box can enter the electric heating furnace body from bottom to top and is separated from the electric heating furnace body from top to bottom;
and the integrated control system is a PC control system, integrates and manages all electric control systems of the whole set of equipment and records the electric control systems in real time.
Preferably, the furnace body is a cuboid bell-type furnace, the bilateral heating device comprises resistance wire groups on two sides, each side is provided with 4-8 resistance wires, the power of each resistance wire group is 1.8 kW, the resistance wires are fully embedded, a corrosion-resistant protective layer is added, the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are improved, and the service life is prolonged; the auxiliary heating device comprises 3-6 groups of resistance wires, the resistance wires are arranged in the center of the interior of the furnace body, the power of each group of resistance wires is 1.8 kW, the resistance wires are completely buried and the corrosion-resistant protective layer is added, the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance are improved, the service life is prolonged, and the auxiliary heating device can be operated or stopped according to the requirements of a test.
Preferably, the material box is a cuboid well-type groove, is made of 310S stainless steel integrally formed materials and is subjected to quenching treatment, the thickness of the steel is 5 mm, an upper cover is arranged, the steel is sealed through a ceramic bolt and a graphite gasket, and the length, the width and the height of the inner dimension are 590 multiplied by 100 mm; thermocouple sleeves and differential pressure meter pipeline interfaces are reserved on one side of the center of the bottom of the material box at equal intervals, and a heat insulation cushion block is arranged at the bottom of the material box and used for heat insulation and ventilation; 3-6 circular holes with the diameter of 6-12 mm are formed in the center of the bottom of the material box and are used for being connected with a sampling device; 3-6 circular holes with the diameter of 6-12 mm are formed in the bottom of the material box close to the wall surface and are used for being connected with a coke dry quenching system; a circular hole with the diameter of 60-100 mm is formed in the center of an upper cover of the material box and is used for being connected with a chemical product collecting system.
Preferably, the chemical product collecting system comprises a tar condensing system, a fan system and a filtering and purifying unit, wherein the tar condensing system comprises a shell and tube condenser, a jacket condenser and a cooling circulating water system, the shell and tube condenser and the jacket condenser are used in a combined manner, the circulating cooling water system provides circulating cooling water for the shell and tube condenser and the jacket condenser, and the tar condensing system is connected with a circular hole in the center of the upper cover through a vertical pipe and can condense and collect coking byproducts in the electric heating furnace body;
the fan system comprises a high-temperature resistant centrifugal fan, is connected with the tar condensing system and the filtering and purifying unit through corrosion-resistant pipelines, and can extract non-condensed gas in the tar condensing system and transmit the non-condensed gas to the filtering and purifying unit; the filtering and purifying unit comprises a filter consisting of a water seal, filter cotton and active carbon, and can absorb and purify harmful substances in the gas and discharge the tail gas into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the sampling device includes the first steel pipe of 3~6 groups, first ball valve, first pressure reducer and gas collection bag, first steel pipe is the stainless steel pipe that the diameter is 6~12mm, is connected with the round hole at material box bottom center, and first steel pipe is connected with first ball valve, first pressure reducer, gas collection bag in proper order, can collect the sampling under 3~6 temperature conditions of group.
Preferably, the dry quenching system comprises a second steel pipe, a second ball valve, a second pressure reducer and a low-temperature nitrogen tank, wherein the second steel pipe is a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 6-12 mm and is connected with a round hole at the bottom of the material box close to the wall surface, the second steel pipe is sequentially connected with the second ball valve, the second pressure reducer and the low-temperature gas tank, the second ball valve can be opened after coking is finished, low-temperature gas is introduced into the material box to cool coke to the room temperature, and the low-temperature gas is nitrogen.
Preferably, 3-6 groups of second steel pipes, second ball valves and second pressure reducers are arranged in the dry quenching system and are all connected with the low-temperature gas tank, and the cooling degree is adjusted according to different coking temperatures.
Preferably, the combined temperature measuring system comprises 9-18 groups of K-type thermocouples, wherein 3-6 groups of K-type thermocouples are respectively used for controlling the double-side heating device and the auxiliary heating device, and 6-12 groups of K-type thermocouples are inserted into thermocouple protection sleeves distributed at equal distances in the material box and are used for measuring and recording the central temperatures of cokes at different positions in the material box; the electronic differential pressure measuring system is composed of 6-12 groups of electronic differential pressure meters, and the high-low pressure ends of the electronic differential pressure meters are respectively connected with differential pressure meter pipelines reserved in the material box and used for measuring and recording air pressure values in cokes at different positions in the material box.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises two groups of lifting rails, sliders, lifting supports, stoppers and a lifting power system, the two groups of lifting rails are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the material box, and each group of lifting rails is provided with one group of sliders; the sliding block is connected with the lifting track in a sliding manner; two ends of the lifting support are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding block and the material box; the limiters are fixed on the lifting rails, and four groups of limiters are arranged on each lifting rail so as to determine the initial, preheating, charging and discharging positions; the lifting power system comprises a motor and a hydraulic cylinder, the motor controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting support.
Specifically, firstly, a material box is arranged at an initial position, single coal or mixed coal is loaded into the material box, a coal sample can bury a thermocouple sleeve of a combined temperature measurement system, and a low-pressure end, namely an atmospheric end sleeve of an electronic differential pressure measurement system is positioned above the coal sample and is not in contact with the surface of the coal sample; the upper part of the material box is connected and sealed with the upper cover through a ceramic bolt and a graphite gasket;
the material box filled with single coal or blended coal can be sent into the furnace body by a lifting mechanism and synchronously heated along with the furnace body or the furnace body is selected to be preheated first and then enters the furnace body for coking;
if the material box is selected to be heated synchronously with the furnace body, the integrated control system controls the lifting mechanism to slowly feed the material box into the furnace body;
controlling the heating device on the two sides to rise to 600-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stay for 5-8 hours by the integrated control system, and raising the temperature of the auxiliary heating device to 300-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stay until the heating device on the two sides stops heating;
in the coking process, the combined temperature measurement system continuously monitors and records the internal temperature of the coal sample in the material box, and the electronic differential pressure measurement system continuously monitors and records the internal pressure of the coal sample in the material box; a circulating cooling water system of the tar condensation system continuously operates to cool tar, a fan system guides non-condensed gas into the filtering and purifying unit to absorb and purify harmful substances, and tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
selecting 3-6 groups of temperature values from 900-1100 ℃, such as 950 ℃, 980 ℃, 1010 ℃, 1040 ℃, 1070 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and opening a first ball valve in a first group of the sampling devices to collect the coking gas when the temperature reaches 950 ℃; and the rest temperatures are analogized in turn; in the coking process, the dry quenching system does not work;
selecting the coking ending time according to the temperatures of different positions in the material box monitored by the combined temperature measuring system, so as to obtain solid products including coal, semi-coke and coke at different coking ending temperatures; or the coking end time can be selected according to the gas pressure of different positions of the material box monitored by the electronic differential pressure measurement system, and solid products including coal, semi-coke and coke under different coking pressures can be obtained.
After the coking process is finished, stopping the operation of the double-side heating device and the auxiliary heating device, disconnecting the connection between the fan system and the filtering and purifying unit, closing the sampling device, opening a ball valve and a pressure reducing valve of the dry quenching system, introducing nitrogen into the material box to cool the coke, and after the internal temperature of the coke is reduced to room temperature, controlling the lifting mechanism by the integrated control system to slowly lower the material box to an initial position to obtain a coke sample;
the temperature and pressure data recorded in the integrated control system are exported, so that the temperature and pressure change conditions of the coal sample at different positions away from the furnace wall under the heating mode of two sides of the coal sample can be obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the lifting mechanism is adopted to feed the material box into the electric heating furnace body from bottom to top, so that the heat loss of the furnace body can be reduced;
the invention introduces cold air to quench coke by reserving a pipeline in the material box, thereby greatly saving the floor area of the test coke oven;
according to the invention, the double-side heating device is arranged in the electric heating furnace body to simulate the actual heating mode of the two sides of the coke oven, so that the electric heating furnace can be closer to a large-scale coke oven, and the quality of the obtained coke oven is high in matching degree with the large-scale coke oven;
according to the invention, the combined temperature measuring system is arranged to monitor and record the temperatures of the heating devices at the two sides and the auxiliary heating device in the electric heating furnace body, and the central temperatures of cokes at different positions in the material box, so that the temperature change conditions of coal samples at different positions away from the furnace wall can be obtained;
according to the invention, by arranging the electronic differential pressure measuring system, the internal air pressure values of cokes at different positions in the material box are detected and recorded, and the air pressure distribution change conditions of coal samples at different positions away from the furnace wall can be obtained;
the sampling device is arranged to synchronously detect the coking gas generated in the material box, so that more reliable comparative data can be provided for an experimental coke oven and an industrial large coke oven to guide industrial coking production;
by adopting the scheme, the invention can reduce the heat loss of the oven body, save the floor area of the test coke oven, obtain the real-time distribution of temperature and pressure, has high fitting degree with the large coke oven in the coking process, and high matching degree of the obtained coke quality and the large coke, provides more reliable comparative data for the test coke oven and the industrial large coke oven so as to guide the industrial coking production, is suitable for the coking tests of various single coals and matched coals, can research the interaction between different coals in the coking process, and provides a favorable tool for guiding the coking and coal blending.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial sectional structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the filtration purification unit of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-an electric heating furnace body, 2-a material box, 3-a chemical product collecting system, 4-a sampling device, 5-a dry quenching system, 6-a combined temperature measuring system, 7-an electronic differential pressure measuring system, 8-a lifting mechanism and 9-an integrated control system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the purpose of convenience in describing the invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have the specified orientations, be constructed and operated in the specified orientations, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a small-sized coal blending coking method is characterized in that a coal sample is loaded into a material box 2 and sealed, the material box enters a furnace body for high-temperature coking, and leaves the furnace body after coking is finished, and the method is characterized in that: the lower side of the furnace body is provided with an opening, and a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device are arranged in the furnace body; the material box 2 is provided with a combined temperature measuring system 6, an electronic pressure difference measuring system 7 and a dry quenching system 5;
firstly, any one of the following methods is selected to put the material box 2 into the furnace body:
the material box 2 enters the furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of the lifting mechanism 8, and the double-side heating device is lifted to 600-1100 ℃ and stays for 5-8 hours;
secondly, stopping the material box 2 below the furnace body, not entering the furnace body, controlling the temperature of the furnace body to rise according to the method I, and after the temperature of the furnace body reaches the expected and constant temperature for 30min, enabling the material box 2 to enter the furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of the lifting mechanism 8 for coking;
then, in the coking process, the combined temperature measuring system 6 and the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 respectively and continuously monitor the temperature and the differential pressure in the material box 2; or selecting the coking end time according to the temperatures of different positions of the material box 2, or selecting the coking end time according to the gas pressures of different positions in the material box 2;
and finally, after the coking is finished, the dry quenching system 5 introduces low-temperature gas into the material box 2 to cool the material box to room temperature, and then a coke sample is obtained.
Preferably, the heating mode of the furnace body is that the heating device on the two sides is heated to 600-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stays for 5-8 hours, and the auxiliary heating device is heated to 300-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stays until the heating device on the two sides stops heating.
Preferably, the material box 2 is connected with a chemical product collecting system 3 through a central opening of an upper cover, and is used for condensing and collecting coking gas and discharging waste gas; an opening hole in the bottom of the material box 2 is connected with a sampling device 4, and 3-6 temperature values are selected at 900-1100 ℃ to sample and collect coking gas.
A small-size coal blending coking device is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the electric heating furnace comprises an electric heating furnace body 1, wherein the electric heating furnace body 1 comprises a furnace body and an electric heating device, and an opening is formed in the lower side of the furnace body; the electric heating device comprises a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device, the bilateral heating device is embedded in two sides of the interior of the furnace body, and the auxiliary heating device is embedded in the interior of the furnace body;
the material box 2 is used for filling single coal or blended coal, and the outline dimension of the material box 2 is matched with the lower side opening and the inner space of the furnace body; the material box 2 is respectively connected with a chemical product collecting system 3, a sampling device 4, a dry quenching system 5, a combined temperature measuring system 6 and an electronic differential pressure measuring system 7;
the lifting mechanism 8 lifts the material box 2, the combined temperature measuring system 6 and the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 at a fixed point, so that the material box 2 can enter the electric heating furnace body 1 from bottom to top and is separated from the electric heating furnace body 1 from top to bottom;
and the integrated control system 9 is a PC control system, integrates and manages all electric control systems of the whole set of equipment and records the electric control systems in real time.
Preferably, the furnace body is a cuboid bell-type furnace, the bilateral heating device comprises resistance wire groups on two sides, each side is provided with 4-8 resistance wires, the power of each resistance wire group is 1.8 kW, the resistance wires are fully embedded, a corrosion-resistant protective layer is added, the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are improved, and the service life is prolonged; the auxiliary heating device comprises 3-6 groups of resistance wires, the resistance wires are arranged in the center of the interior of the furnace body, the power of each group of resistance wires is 1.8 kW, the resistance wires are completely buried and the corrosion-resistant protective layer is added, the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance are improved, the service life is prolonged, and the auxiliary heating device can be operated or stopped according to the requirements of a test.
Preferably, the material box 2 is a cuboid well-type groove, is made of 310S stainless steel integrally formed materials and is subjected to quenching treatment, the thickness of the steel is 5 mm, an upper cover is arranged, the steel is sealed through a ceramic bolt and a graphite gasket, and the length, the width and the height of the inner dimension are 590 multiplied by 100 mm; thermocouple sleeves and differential pressure meter pipeline interfaces are reserved on one side of the center of the bottom of the material box 2 at equal intervals, and a heat insulation cushion block is arranged at the bottom of the material box and used for heat insulation and ventilation; the center of the bottom of the material box 2 is provided with 3-6 round holes with the diameter of 6-12 mm, and the round holes are used for being connected with a sampling device 4; the bottom of the material box 2 close to the wall surface is provided with 3-6 round holes with the diameter of 6-12 mm, and the round holes are used for being connected with a coke dry quenching system 5; a circular hole with the diameter of 60-100 mm is formed in the center of an upper cover of the material box and is used for being connected with a chemical product collecting system 3.
Preferably, the chemical product collecting system 3 comprises a tar condensing system, a fan system and a filtering and purifying unit, wherein the tar condensing system comprises a shell and tube condenser, a jacket condenser and a cooling circulating water system, the shell and tube condenser and the jacket condenser are used in combination, the cooling circulating water system provides circulating cooling water for the shell and tube condenser and the jacket condenser, and the tar condensing system is connected with a circular hole in the center of the upper cover through a vertical pipe and can condense and collect coking byproducts in the electric heating furnace body;
the fan system comprises a high-temperature resistant centrifugal fan, is connected with the tar condensing system and the filtering and purifying unit through corrosion-resistant pipelines, and can extract non-condensed gas in the tar condensing system and transmit the non-condensed gas to the filtering and purifying unit; the filtration purification unit comprises a filter consisting of a water seal, filter cotton and active carbon, and can absorb and purify harmful substances in gas and discharge tail gas into the atmosphere, as shown in fig. 3, the upper layer is the water seal, and the lower layer is the filter cotton and the active carbon.
Preferably, sampling device 4 includes the first steel pipe of 3~6 groups, first ball valve, first pressure reducer and gas collection bag, first steel pipe is the stainless steel pipe that the diameter is 6~12mm, is connected with the round hole at material box bottom center, and first steel pipe is connected in proper order with first ball valve, first pressure reducer, gas collection bag, can collect the sampling under 3~6 temperature conditions of group.
Preferably, dry quenching system 5 includes second steel pipe, second ball valve, second pressure reducer and low temperature nitrogen gas jar, the second steel pipe is the nonrust steel pipe that the diameter is 6~12mm, is close to the round hole of wall department bottom with the material box and is connected, and the second steel pipe is connected with second ball valve, second pressure reducer, low temperature gas jar in proper order, can be after coking, opens the second ball valve and introduces low temperature gas material box internal cooling coke to room temperature, low temperature gas adopts nitrogen gas.
Preferably, 3-6 groups of second steel pipes, second ball valves and second pressure reducers are arranged in the dry quenching system 5 and are all connected with the low-temperature gas tank, and the cooling degree is adjusted according to different coking temperatures.
Preferably, the combined temperature measuring system 6 comprises 9-18 groups of K-type thermocouples, wherein 3-6 groups of K-type thermocouples are respectively used for controlling the double-side heating device and the auxiliary heating device, and 6-12 groups of K-type thermocouples are inserted into thermocouple protective sleeves distributed at equal distances in the material box 2 and are used for measuring and recording the central temperatures of cokes at different positions in the material box 2; the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 is composed of 6-12 groups of electronic differential pressure meters, and the high-low pressure ends of the electronic differential pressure meters are respectively connected with differential pressure meter pipelines reserved in the material box and used for measuring and recording air pressure values in cokes at different positions in the material box 2.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism 8 comprises two groups of lifting rails, sliders, lifting supports, stoppers and a lifting power system, the two groups of lifting rails are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the material box 2, and each group of lifting rails is provided with a group of sliders; the sliding block is connected with the lifting track in a sliding manner; two ends of the lifting bracket are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding block and the material box 2; the limiters are fixed on the lifting rails, and four groups of limiters are arranged on each lifting rail so as to determine the initial, preheating, charging and discharging positions; the lifting power system comprises a motor and a hydraulic cylinder, the motor controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting support.
Specifically, firstly, the material box 2 is placed at an initial position, single coal or mixed coal is filled into the material box 2, a coal sample can be ensured to bury a thermocouple sleeve of the combined temperature measuring system 6, and a low-pressure end, namely an atmospheric end sleeve of the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 is positioned above the coal sample and is not in contact with the surface of the coal sample; the upper part of the material box 2 is connected and sealed with the upper cover through a ceramic bolt and a graphite gasket;
the material box 2 filled with single coal or blended coal can be sent into the furnace body by the lifting mechanism 8 and synchronously heated along with the furnace body or the furnace body is selected to be preheated first and then enters the furnace body for coking;
if the material box 2 is selected to be heated synchronously with the furnace body, the integrated control system 9 controls the lifting mechanism to slowly feed the material box 2 into the furnace body;
controlling the heating device at the two sides to rise to 600-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min by the integrated control system 9 and stay for 5-8 hours, and controlling the auxiliary heating device to rise to 300-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stay until the heating device at the two sides stops heating;
in the coking process, the combined temperature measuring system 6 continuously monitors and records the internal temperature of the coal sample in the material box 2, and the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 continuously monitors and records the internal pressure of the coal sample in the material box 2; a circulating cooling water system of the tar condensation system continuously operates to cool tar, a fan system guides non-condensed gas into the filtering and purifying unit to absorb and purify harmful substances, and tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
selecting 3-6 groups of temperature values from 900-1100 ℃, such as 950 ℃, 980 ℃, 1010 ℃, 1040 ℃, 1070 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and opening a first ball valve in a first group of the sampling device 4 to collect the coking gas when the temperature reaches 950 ℃; and the rest temperatures are analogized in turn; in the coking process, the dry quenching system 5 does not work;
selecting the coking finishing time according to the temperatures of different positions in the material box 2 monitored by the combined temperature measuring system 6, so as to obtain solid products including coal, semi-coke and coke at different coking finishing temperatures; or the coking end time can be selected according to the gas pressure of different positions of the material box 2 monitored by the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7, and solid products including coal, semi-coke and coke under different coking pressures can be obtained.
After the coking process is finished, the double-side heating device and the auxiliary heating device stop working, the connection between the fan system and the filtering and purifying unit is disconnected, the sampling device 4 is closed, a ball valve and a pressure reducing valve of the dry quenching system 5 are opened, nitrogen is introduced into the material box 2 to cool the coke, and after the internal temperature of the coke is reduced to the room temperature, the integrated control system 9 controls the lifting mechanism 8 to slowly lower the material box 2 to the initial position to obtain a coke sample;
the temperature and pressure data recorded in the integrated control system are exported, so that the temperature and pressure change conditions of the coal sample at different positions away from the furnace wall under the heating mode of two sides of the coal sample can be obtained.
Example 1:
firstly, the material box 2 is positioned at an initial position, single coal or mixed coal is filled into the material box 2, a coal sample can be ensured to bury a thermocouple sleeve of the combined temperature measuring system 6, and a low-pressure end, namely an atmosphere end sleeve of the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 is positioned above the coal sample and is not contacted with the surface of the coal sample; the upper part of the material box 2 is connected and sealed with the upper cover through a ceramic bolt and a graphite gasket;
the integrated control system 9 controls the lifting mechanism 8 to slowly feed the material box 2 into the furnace body; controlling the heating device at the two sides to rise to 600-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min by the integrated control system 9 and stay for 5-8 hours, and controlling the auxiliary heating device to rise to 300-1100 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stay until the heating device at the two sides stops heating;
in the coking process, the combined temperature measuring system 6 continuously monitors and records the internal temperature of the coal sample in the material box 2, and the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7 continuously monitors and records the internal pressure of the coal sample in the material box 2; a circulating cooling water system of the tar condensation system continuously operates to cool tar, a fan system guides non-condensed gas into the filtering and purifying unit to absorb and purify harmful substances, and tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere;
selecting 3-6 groups of temperature values from 900-1100 ℃, such as 950 ℃, 980 ℃, 1010 ℃, 1040 ℃, 1070 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and opening a first ball valve in a first group of the sampling device 4 to collect the coking gas when the temperature reaches 950 ℃; and the rest temperatures are analogized in turn; in the coking process, the dry quenching system 5 does not work;
after the coking process is finished, the double-side heating device and the auxiliary heating device stop working, the connection between the fan system and the filtering and purifying unit is disconnected, the sampling device 4 is closed, a ball valve and a pressure reducing valve of the dry quenching system 5 are opened, nitrogen is introduced into the material box 2 to cool the coke, and when the internal temperature of the coke is reduced to the room temperature, the integrated control system 9 controls the lifting mechanism 8 to slowly lower the material box 2 to the initial position to obtain a coke sample;
the temperature and pressure data recorded in the integrated control system 9 are exported, so that the temperature and pressure change conditions of the coal sample at different positions away from the furnace wall under the form of heating at two sides of the coal sample can be obtained.
Example 2:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) loading a coal sample into a material box 2 according to the method of embodiment 1, sealing the coal sample, controlling a lifting mechanism 8 by an integrated control system 9 to slowly lift the material box to a preheating position, and placing the material box 2 below a furnace body without sending the material box into the furnace body;
controlling the temperature of the furnace body to rise according to the method of the embodiment 1, and after the temperature of the furnace body reaches the expected temperature and is constant for more than 30min, sending the material box 2 into the furnace body for coking;
selecting the coking finishing time according to the temperatures of different positions in the material box 2 monitored by the combined temperature measuring system 6, so as to obtain solid products including coal, semi-coke and coke at different coking finishing temperatures; or the coking end time can be selected according to the gas pressure of different positions of the material box 2 monitored by the electronic differential pressure measuring system 7, and solid products including coal, semi-coke and coke under different coking pressures can be obtained.
The coking process was monitored and recorded for temperature and pressure, collected for condensation of coking by-products and for waste gas clean-up emissions and coking gas sampling collection according to the method of example 1;
after the coking process, the coke cooling was carried out according to the method of example 1.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A small-sized coal blending coking method is characterized in that a coal sample is loaded into a material box and sealed, the material box enters a furnace body for high-temperature coking, and leaves the furnace body after coking is finished, and the method is characterized in that: the lower side of the furnace body is provided with an opening, and a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device are arranged in the furnace body; a combined temperature measuring system, an electronic pressure difference measuring system and a dry quenching system are arranged on the material box;
firstly, any one of the following methods is selected to put the material box into the furnace body:
the material box enters the furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of a lifting mechanism, and the double-side heating device is lifted to 600-1100 ℃ and stays for 5-8 hours;
secondly, stopping the material box below the furnace body, not entering the furnace body, controlling the temperature of the furnace body to rise according to the method I, and after the temperature of the furnace body reaches the expectation and is constant for 30min, entering the material box into the furnace body from bottom to top by virtue of a lifting mechanism for coking;
then, in the coking process, a combined temperature measurement system and an electronic differential pressure measurement system respectively and continuously monitor the temperature and the differential pressure in the material box; or selecting the coking ending time according to the temperatures of different positions of the material box, or selecting the coking ending time according to the gas pressures of different positions in the material box;
and finally, after the coking is finished, the dry quenching system introduces low-temperature gas into the material box to cool the material box to room temperature, and then a coke sample is obtained.
2. The small-scale coal blending coking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating mode of the furnace body is that the heating device on the two sides is heated to 600-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stays for 5-8 hours, and the auxiliary heating device is heated to 300-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min and stays until the heating device on the two sides stops heating.
3. The small-scale coal blending coking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: a central opening of an upper cover of the material box is connected with a chemical product collecting system, and the material box condenses and collects coking gas and discharges waste gas; an opening hole in the bottom of the material box is connected with a sampling device, and 3-6 temperature values are selected at 900-1100 ℃ to sample and collect coking gas.
4. An apparatus for small-scale coal blending and coking by the method of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the electric heating furnace body comprises a furnace body and an electric heating device, and an opening is formed in the lower side of the furnace body; the electric heating device comprises a bilateral heating device and an auxiliary heating device, the bilateral heating device is embedded in two sides of the interior of the furnace body, and the auxiliary heating device is embedded in the interior of the furnace body;
the material box is used for filling single coal or blended coal, and the outline dimension of the material box is matched with the lower side opening and the inner space of the furnace body; the material box is respectively connected with the chemical product collecting system, the sampling device, the dry quenching system, the combined temperature measuring system and the electronic differential pressure measuring system;
the lifting mechanism carries out fixed-point lifting on the material box, the combined temperature measuring system and the electronic differential pressure measuring system, so that the material box can enter the electric heating furnace body from bottom to top and is separated from the electric heating furnace body from top to bottom;
and the integrated control system is a PC control system, integrates and manages all electric control systems of the whole set of equipment and records the electric control systems in real time.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the furnace body is cuboid bell-type furnace, two side heating device include the resistance wire group of both sides, and every side all has 4~8 resistance wires, auxiliary heating device includes 3~6 resistance wires of group, and arranges the inside center of furnace body in, and every resistance wire power of group is 1.8 kW, and the resistance wire buries and increases corrosion-resistant protective layer, and the visual test of auxiliary heating device needs to move or stop completely.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the material box is a cuboid well-type groove, is made of 310S stainless steel integrally formed materials and is subjected to quenching treatment, the thickness of steel is 5 mm, an upper cover is arranged, the material box is sealed by a ceramic bolt and a graphite gasket, and the length, the width and the height of the inner dimension are 590 multiplied by 100 mm; thermocouple sleeves and differential pressure meter pipeline interfaces are reserved on one side of the center of the bottom of the material box at equal intervals, and a heat insulation cushion block is arranged at the bottom of the material box; 3-6 circular holes with the diameter of 6-12 mm are formed in the center of the bottom of the material box and are used for being connected with a sampling device; 3-6 circular holes with the diameter of 6-12 mm are formed in the bottom of the material box close to the wall surface and are used for being connected with a coke dry quenching system; a circular hole with the diameter of 60-100 mm is formed in the center of an upper cover of the material box and is used for being connected with a chemical product collecting system.
7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the chemical product collection system comprises a tar condensation system, a fan system and a filtering and purifying unit, wherein the tar condensation system comprises a shell and tube condenser, a jacket condenser and a cooling circulating water system, the shell and tube condenser and the jacket condenser are used in a combined manner, the circulating cooling water system provides circulating cooling water for the shell and tube condenser and the jacket condenser, and the tar condensation system is connected with a circular hole in the center of the upper cover through a vertical pipe; the fan system comprises a high-temperature resistant centrifugal fan and is connected with the tar condensing system and the filtering and purifying unit through corrosion-resistant pipelines; the filtering and purifying unit comprises a filter consisting of a water seal, filter cotton and active carbon.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: sampling device includes first steel pipe, first ball valve, first pressure reducer and the gas collection bag of 3~6 groups, first steel pipe is the nonrust steel pipe that the diameter is 6~12mm, is connected with the round hole at material box bottom center, and first steel pipe and first ball valve, first pressure reducer, gas collection bag connect gradually, can sample under 3~6 temperature conditions and collect.
9. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the dry quenching system comprises a second steel pipe, a second ball valve, a second pressure reducer and a low-temperature nitrogen tank, wherein the second steel pipe is a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 6-12 mm and is connected with a round hole, close to the bottom of the wall face, of the material box, the second steel pipe is sequentially connected with the second ball valve, the second pressure reducer and the low-temperature gas tank, the second ball valve can be opened after coking is finished, low-temperature gas is introduced into the material box, the coke is cooled to the room temperature, and the low-temperature gas adopts nitrogen.
10. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises two groups of lifting rails, sliding blocks, a lifting support, a limiting stopper and a lifting power system, the two groups of lifting rails are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the material box, and a group of sliding blocks is arranged on each group of lifting rails; the sliding block is connected with the lifting track in a sliding manner; two ends of the lifting support are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding block and the material box; the limiters are fixed on the lifting rails, and four groups of limiters are arranged on each lifting rail so as to determine the initial, preheating, charging and discharging positions; the lifting power system comprises a motor and a hydraulic cylinder, the motor controls the operation of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting support.
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Application publication date: 20211123 |