Background
The heavy oil accounts for a great proportion of the crude oil output in China. For example, a large number of heavy oil reservoirs exist in Xinjiang oil fields, liaohe oil fields, henan oil fields, north China oil fields and the like. The most effective method for thick oil recovery is to inject high-temperature high-pressure steam to reduce the viscosity of thick oil, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of thick oil. In the process of injecting high-temperature steam, due to the influences of factors such as strong heterogeneity of a heavy oil reservoir, large difference of steam-to-heavy oil fluidity ratio, formation sand production and the like, the phenomena of overbending and fingering caused by steam injection in the heavy oil reservoir are very common, so that the steam absorption profile is uneven, and even inter-well steam channeling or surface steam channeling occurs. The steam channeling among wells can cause the uneven steam absorption profile and the steam channeling on the plane, thus reducing the swept volume of the steam and causing the greatly reduced recovery ratio of the thermal recovery of the thickened oil; the surface steam channeling causes injected steam to emit high-temperature and high-pressure oil-steam mixture from a thick oil production zone along a surface crack or a high-permeability zone stratum, and causes great harm to the environmental influence and the safe production, such as the problem of surface steam channeling easily caused by the thick oil thermal recovery because most of the thick oil is more shallow in the Fengcheng operation area of the Xinjiang oil field and the stratum is loose. In order to improve thermal recovery efficiency and prevent inter-well steam channeling or solve surface steam channeling, the most effective technique is to use a chemical plugging agent to plug a steam channeling channel. As the temperature of steam injected in the heavy oil thermal recovery reaches 250-320 ℃ and the pressure is more than 10MPa, the requirements on the temperature resistance, pressure resistance and pressure-bearing strength of the plugging agent are very high.
The existing high-temperature plugging agent mainly comprises: (1) inorganic solid particle type plugging agent: when the particle size is larger than the pore size, the particles are difficult to be injected into the channeling channel; when the particle size is smaller than the pore size, solid particles are difficult to retain in a channeling channel, and the channeling sealing effect cannot be achieved, and particularly, the particle plugging agent for the horizontal well of the slotted screen pipe well completion cannot enter a stratum, and the plugging purpose cannot be achieved. (2) cement paste high-temperature plugging agent: the method has the problems of short solidification time, incapability of deep plugging, serious oil layer plugging and large construction risk. (3) foam plugging agent: the advantages are that the injection property is good, and the plugging has selectivity; but the defects are that the plugging capability of the sealing channeling channel is low, the foam stabilizing time is short, the effective period is short, and the construction cost is high. (4) polymer gel blocking agent: the plugging agent is the most widely used plugging agent with better comprehensive effect in oil fields at present. The polymer gel plugging agent has the characteristic of good injectability, but has poor temperature resistance, for example, when the temperature of polyacrylamide gel exceeds 150 ℃, the plugging effect is completely lost. (5) chemical resin type blocking agent: such as phenolic resins, furfuryl alcohol resin furan resins and compounds thereof, but the application of the chemical resin blocking agents has the problems of difficult control of curing time, shrinkage of curing volume, poor adhesion with stratum and low bearing strength. Therefore, the research and development of the high-temperature plugging agent for heavy oil thermal recovery with good injection performance and high temperature and pressure resistance is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the characteristics of low-temperature oil wells, the invention provides a high-temperature plugging agent for heavy oil thermal recovery, which has the advantages of controllable gelling and curing time, high temperature resistance, high plugging strength and simple and convenient construction.
A high-temperature plugging agent for heavy oil thermal recovery is characterized in that: the blocking agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
oil-soluble phenolic resin: 45.0 to 60.0 portions;
epoxy resin: 20-40.0 parts;
diluent agent: 10.0 to 20.0 portions;
organosilicon crosslinking agent: 10.0 to 20.0 portions.
The oil-soluble phenolic resin is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
phenol: 100 parts of (A);
formaldehyde: 200-250 parts;
catalyst: 3 to 6.5 portions.
Further preferably, the preparation method of the oil-soluble phenolic resin comprises the following steps: placing phenol, formaldehyde and a certain amount of catalyst with the mass ratio of 100-250 in a synthesis device provided with a steam heater and a vacuum system, stirring and introducing steam for heating, controlling the rotating speed at 50-100r.min < -1 >, keeping the reaction for 6-8 h when the temperature is raised to 80-85 ℃, then vacuumizing to remove low-boiling-point substances until no distillate exists, and discharging to obtain brown transparent viscous liquid with the viscosity of 400-600 mPa & S, namely the oil-soluble phenolic resin.
Further preferably, the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 0.48 to 0.54.
Further preferably, the diluent is industrial benzyl alcohol with an effective content of more than 99.5%.
More preferably, the organosilicon crosslinking agent is 3-anilinotrimethoxysilane (molecular weight 255.39, formula C) 12 H 21 NO 3 Si, code number: YS-1) or N, N-diaminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (molecular weight 221.37, formula C) 9 H 23 NO 3 Si, code number: YS-2).
Still further preferably, the catalyst is composed of 1-1.5 parts by weight of soda ash and 2-5 parts by weight of organic amine.
The invention provides a high-temperature plugging agent for heavy oil thermal recovery, which has the following advantages:
the plugging agent is in a viscous liquid state, can be conveniently and effectively injected into a stratum during construction, has controllable gelling and curing time, can achieve plugging effects with different requirements, has excellent plugging performance, high consolidation strength and high temperature resistance of 300 ℃, and also has the amplitude effect required by oil well production at high temperature.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative.
1. A preparation method of a high-temperature plugging agent for heavy oil thermal recovery comprises the following steps:
example 1
1. According to the mass ratio of the materials: preparing solution by phenol (100 Kg), formaldehyde (230 Kg), soda ash (1.5 Kg) and organic amine (tetraethylenepentamine (Kg3.5Kg) in weight), placing the solution in a synthesis process device, controlling the rotating speed at 140r.min-1, heating to 82 ℃, keeping the reaction for 8 hours, then vacuumizing to remove low boiling point substances until no distillate exists, and discharging to obtain a brown transparent viscous liquid with the viscosity of about 400-600mPa.S. Thus obtaining an oil-soluble phenolic resin sample 1 with the code of OSPR-1.
2. The thick oil is prepared by adopting a high-temperature plugging agent HTD-1: taking the soluble phenolic resin sample OSPR-1, and mixing the following components in percentage by mass: OSPR-1 (50 Kg), epoxy resin (E44, 30 Kg), benzyl alcohol (10 Kg) and organosilicon cross-linking agent (YS-1, 10 Kg) are prepared into a sample and fully stirred to obtain a thick high-temperature blocking agent, the code of which is HTD-1.
Example 2
(1) According to the mass ratio of the materials: preparing solution by phenol (100 Kg), formaldehyde (250 Kg), soda ash (1.5 Kg) and organic amine (weight Kg5.0 Kg) in a synthesis process device, controlling the rotation speed at 180r.min-1, heating to 84 ℃, keeping reacting for 6h, then vacuumizing to remove low boiling point substances until no distillate exists, discharging to obtain brown transparent viscous liquid with the viscosity of about 400-600mPa.S. An oil soluble phenolic resin sample 2, code OSPR-2, was obtained.
(2) The thick oil is prepared by adopting a high-temperature plugging agent HTD-2: taking the soluble phenolic resin sample OSPR-1, and mixing the following components in percentage by mass: preparing a sample from OSPR-2 (55 Kg), epoxy resin (E44, 25 Kg), benzyl alcohol (10 Kg) and an organosilicon crosslinking agent (YS-1, 10 Kg), and fully stirring to obtain the high-temperature blocking agent, namely HTD-2.
2. The performance of the thick oil obtained in the above embodiment was tested by using a high temperature plugging agent:
(1) The liquid organic composite resin is squeezed into the stratum under simulated stratum conditions, and the resin is gelatinized and cured at a higher temperature for a certain time to form a stronger consolidated body, so that the high-temperature plugging agent has higher consolidation strength and good curing performance, and further achieves good high-temperature plugging effect.
The method comprises screening quartz sand (20-40 mesh, 40-60 mesh) with certain particle diameter, adding a certain amount of liquid organic composite resin, mixing with quartz sand, filling and compacting in a glass tube with diameter of 30mm, placing in a high-temperature sealed container, adding part of water to immerse the sample, sealing the container, maintaining in a heating furnace at constant temperature for a certain time, taking out, observing gel solidification, cutting, rubbing into regular cylinders, and measuring compressive strength, heat resistance, permeability, etc.
(2) Effect of agent-to-Sand ratio on curing Properties
The method is characterized in that high-temperature blocking agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 are adopted to carry out indoor heat treatment on 2 kinds of prepared thick oil to influence the sand ratio on the curing performance of resin, and the experimental conditions are as follows: curing temperature, 180 ℃; curing time, 6 hours. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of the Sand ratio on the curing Properties
The experimental results in table 1 show that the high-temperature plugging agent HTD-1 and HTD-2 agent sand ratio used for thick oil heating has a certain influence on the resin curing performance, and the consolidation strength of the consolidated body is high when the agent sand ratio is 70.
(3) Evaluation of curing Properties in gelling of composite resin by temperature
The curing performance of high-temperature plugging agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 for thick oil heating under different temperature conditions is discussed, and the sand ratio of the agent is 7:3; curing time, 6 hours. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 27 Effect of temperature on curing Properties (curing time 6 h)
The experimental results in table 2 show that the high-temperature plugging agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 used in thick oil heating have a large influence on the consolidation strength of the consolidated body due to the temperature under the condition of the sand ratio 7:3, the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, the consolidation time is 6 hours, the compressive strength of the consolidated body is low, the consolidated body is consolidated at 120 ℃ for 6 hours, the strength is high, the consolidation temperature is higher than 160 ℃, the consolidation temperature is higher, the consolidation effect is better, the strength is higher, the strength of the consolidated body is higher than 10MPa, partial volume expansion phenomena occur, and the joint with the glass tube is very firm.
(4) Evaluation of temperature resistance
The thermal stability of the solidified body of the high-temperature plugging agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 and the quartz sand for thick oil heating under the conditions of 200 ℃, 220 ℃, 240 ℃, 260 ℃, 280 ℃ and 300 ℃ is further discussed, and the experimental conditions are as follows: the sand ratio of the agent: 7:3, the constant temperature time is 60 days, and the experimental results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 evaluation of temperature resistance
The experimental results in Table 3 show that the high-temperature blocking agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 and the quartz sand consolidation body for thick oil heating at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ have very high strength after 60 days of constant temperature time under the condition of long time, and the high-temperature blocking agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 for thick oil heating have good temperature resistance, and the temperature resistance can reach 300 ℃.
(5) Evaluation of plugging Properties
The plugging effect of high-temperature plugging agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 on sand-filled pipe cores with different permeability rates is discussed, the thick oil is heated, the vacuum is firstly pumped, the water phase permeability Kw1 is measured, the high-temperature plugging agents HTD-1 and HTD-2 are heated during the thick oil extrusion, and the extrusion volume is 1 time of the pore volume of the sand pipe core. And then closing the inlet and the outlet at two ends of the rock core tightly, keeping the temperature constant at a specified temperature, measuring the water phase permeability Kw2 of the rock core, recording the bearing strength, and calculating the water phase plugging rate. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 evaluation of high-temperature plugging performance of high-temperature plugging agent for hot-application of thickened oil
( Remarking: in the table, the thick oil heat adopted in the experiments No. 1 and No. 2 adopts a high-temperature plugging agent HTD-1; 3. the thickened oil used in experiment No. 4 was heated with a high temperature plugging agent HTD-2. )
From the experimental results in table 4, it can be seen that after the organic composite resin high-temperature plugging agent is extruded into the core, the plugging rate of the core of the sand pipe with high permeability is greater than 99% and the bearing capacity is greater than 11.0MPa after the constant temperature reaction at 220-240 ℃, so that the high-temperature plugging agent for heavy oil heat has good water plugging effect and high plugging strength at high temperature.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.