CN113683807A - 光学柔性盖板结构 - Google Patents
光学柔性盖板结构 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明乃是一种光学柔性盖板结构，其包括：一透明塑料基板层，该透明塑料基板层的厚度介于15~100μm；至少两个硬涂层，其中第一硬涂层厚度为3~8μm，其位于该透明塑料基板层的一表面上；其中第二硬涂层厚度为1.5~3μm，其位于该第一硬涂层的另一表面上；该第一硬涂层的厚度大于该第二硬涂层，每单一硬涂层透光度介于85~95%且与相邻硬涂层折射率相差至少0.5%以上；硬涂层的折射率介于1.3~1.6；该光学柔性盖板结构创新点在于，其透明塑料基板层与至少二硬涂层堆栈组合，以造成该光学柔性盖板结构造成光线内部全反射，使高分子的光学柔性盖板结构具有接近玻璃的外观表现，且具有抗刮擦及弯曲特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于光学膜显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种柔性显示屏幕基板的盖板。
背景技术
柔性显示屏幕基板的盖板材料多为刚性的玻璃或柔性的高分子与功能层复合而成。其中玻璃显示基板的盖板不可弯折或无法大曲度弯折，不符合可未来折叠显示器件的需求，相对玻璃材质的盖板而言，高表面硬度高韧性的聚酰亚胺材料成为柔性显示屏盖板首选的高分子材料，但它需要表面涂层来提高硬度。过去研究中使用过程中发现聚酰亚胺作为盖板有硬度不够、厚度偏厚的缺点。另外，在显示模块中带偏光功能的盖板则是通过光学胶与上偏光片贴合而成，这样的设计会造成整体厚度偏厚，而且由于存在一层柔性的光学胶层，会造成盖板硬度下降。
现有技术针对柔性基板的聚酰亚胺前驱组成物研究，如中国台湾专利公告号为I595025所公开的，一种用于产生光电组件的柔性基板的聚酰亚胺前驱组成物。聚酰亚胺前驱组成物包括衍生自二胺或酸二酐的结构的聚酰亚胺前驱物。也公开一种由聚酰亚胺前驱组成物产生的聚酰亚胺薄膜。聚酰亚胺薄膜通过将前驱组成物涂覆至基板且固化组成物来获得。所述组成物与所述薄膜的应用包括将其用于层压物、光电组件或柔性显示器。现有技术针对一种窗膜用的硅氧烷树脂或其混合物研究，如中国台湾专利公告号为I589645及I580742所公开，一种窗膜用组成物，包括：硅氧烷树脂或其混合物，其中可交联官能团包括环氧基、含环氧基基团、缩水甘油基、含缩水甘油基基团、缩水甘油氧基、含缩水甘油氧基基团、氧杂环丁烷基或含氧杂环丁烷基基团。现有技术针对涂布简易清洗涂层的基板组件研究，如中国台湾专利公告号为I455899及I455900所公开，一种用于涂布简易清洗涂层的基板组件，其中，该基板组件可提高该简易清洗涂层的疏水性、疏油性及耐久性。该基板组件包括由玻璃或玻璃陶瓷构成的载体材料以及由一层或由至少两层构成的防反射涂层，其中，该一层或这些至少两层的最上层为助黏剂层，该助黏剂层可与简易清洗涂层进行相互作用，该助黏剂层包括混氧化物，特别是混氧化硅。
现有技术针对柔性显示屏盖板的整体硬度提升研究，如中国专利公告号为CN110576664A所公开，一种柔性显示屏盖板，涉及光学膜技术领域。其柔性显示屏盖板包括：透明芳香族聚酰胺基板；聚硅氮烷层，其设置在所述透明芳香族聚酰胺基板的一侧面上；偏光层，其设置在所述芳香族聚酰胺基板上且相对于所述聚硅氮烷层的另一侧面上；硬化层，其设置在所述偏光层上且相对于所述透明芳香族聚酰胺基板的另一侧面上。在通过在透明芳香族聚酰胺基板上直接制备偏光层，减少了柔性显示屏盖板的整体厚度，同时使柔性显示屏盖板的整体硬度得到了很大程度的提升。
现有技术针对柔性显示屏盖板的硬度及抗弯曲性提升研究，如中国台湾专利公告号为TW201940022A所公开，一种柔性盖板、柔性显示器及显示面板，其中柔性盖板，应用于柔性显示器，包括超薄玻璃层和基材，超薄玻璃层用于贴附于柔性显示器上，超薄玻璃层具有可弯折性；基材形成于超薄玻璃层上，基材用于提高柔性盖板的硬度。由于超薄玻璃层的超薄特性，使所述其具有良好的弯折特性，同时基材在不影响柔性盖板的弯折特性的同时，提高了柔性盖板的硬度，使所述由超薄玻璃层和所述基材共同组成的柔性盖板，在具有良好的弯折特性同时，更具有硬度、耐摔等特性。又如中国专利公告号为CN110602274A所公开的，一种柔性显示屏盖板，涉及光学膜技术领域。其柔性显示屏盖板包括：透明芳香族聚酰胺基板；聚硅氮烷层，其设置在所述透明芳香族聚酰胺基板的一侧面上；保护层，其设置在所述聚硅氮烷层相对于所述透明芳香族聚酰胺基板的一侧面上。该研究采用芳香族聚酰胺作为基板，提高了传统柔性显示屏盖板的硬度及抗弯曲性。
发明内容
由上所述可知，柔性显示器基板的盖板其硬度、曲度及玻璃化外观相似度仍有不足之处，本发明用于发展光学柔性基板的盖板开发。本发明乃是一种光学柔性盖板结构，其包括：一透明塑料基板层，其是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、环烯烃聚合物、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺或聚芳酰胺材料所构成，该透明塑料基板层的厚度介于15~100 μm；至少两个硬涂层，其中第一硬涂层厚度为3~8 μm，其位于该透明塑料基板层的一表面上；其中第二硬涂层厚度为1.5~3 μm，其位于该第一硬涂层的另一表面上；该第一硬涂层的厚度大于该第二硬涂层，每单一硬涂层透光度介于85~95%且与相邻硬涂层折射率相差至少0.5%；其中，硬涂层是由至少一硅氧烷树脂、聚硅氮烷树脂、环氧树脂、压克力树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、环烯烃聚合物、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺或聚芳酰胺材料，其并掺和1~10%重量比的铝、锡、镁、磷、铈、锆、钛、铯、钡、锶、铌、锌和硼元素中至少一的氧化物及/或混有氟化镁的氧化硅所构成，硬涂层的折射率介于1.3~1.6；该光学柔性盖板结构创新点在于，其透明塑料基板层与至少两个硬涂层堆栈组合，以造成该光学柔性盖板结构造成光线内部全反射，使高分子的光学柔性盖板结构具有接近玻璃的外观表现，且具有抗刮擦及弯曲特性。其中，该透明塑料基板层的总透光率在波长范围380-780nm下是≧90%。该透明塑料基板层的雾度<1 %。该透明塑料基板层的折射率介于1.6~1.7。该至少两个硬涂层中第一硬涂层的折射率介于1.3~1.4。该至少两个硬涂层中第二硬涂层的折射率介于1.5~1.6。该至少两个硬涂层相互堆栈而成，总厚度介于4.5 ~20 μm，其中的硬涂层具有渐进折射率排列，并叠合于该透明塑料基板层的一表面上。该光学柔性盖板结构的抗弯折次数内折 :折弯半径 R=1.5mm, 达20万 k 次，外折 : 折弯半径R=3mm, 达20万 k次。该光学柔性盖板结构的弯曲度≦5mm。该光学柔性盖板结构的硬度≧5H。本发明具厚涂层具有较佳抗刮擦能力，及控制光学柔性盖板结构造成光线内部全反射特性，有别于过去现有技艺真空镀膜技术，其具差异化，其新颖、进步及实用效益无误。有关本发明所采用的技术、手段及其功效，现举一较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明于后。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1显示本发明光学柔性盖板结构图。
图2显示本发明另一光学柔性盖板结构图。
附图标记说明
101 透明塑料基板层
201 硬涂层
2011 第一硬涂层
2012 第二硬涂层
2013 第三硬涂层
2014 第四硬涂层。
具体实施方式
以下是通过具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所公开的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明也可通过其他不同的具体实施例加以施行或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可基于不同观点与应用，在不背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰与变更。
首先敬请参阅图1显示本发明光学柔性盖板结构图，显示本发明实施例乃是一种光学柔性盖板结构，其包括：一透明塑料基板层101，其是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、环烯烃聚合物(Cyclo-olefin polymer)、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺或聚芳酰胺(Polyaramide)材料所构成，该透明塑料基板层101的厚度介于15~100 μm，本发明厚度数据以ASTM D3652标准测得；至少两个硬涂层201，其中第一硬涂层2011厚度为3~8 μm，其位于该透明塑料基板层101的一表面上；其中第二硬涂层2012厚度为1.5~3 μm，其位于该第一硬涂层2011的另一表面上；该第一硬涂层2011的厚度大于该第二硬涂层2012，第一硬涂层2011之厚度较厚能够抵抗刮擦及抵抗弯曲外力，另外厚度较薄的第二硬涂层2012包复第一硬涂层2011可增强第一硬涂层2011所受外部水平应力，以分散应力抵抗增强抗刮擦能力。光学特性方面，每单一硬涂层201透光度介于85~95%且与相邻硬涂层201折射率相差至少0.5%；其中，硬涂层201是由至少一硅氧烷树脂、聚硅氮烷树脂、环氧树脂、压克力树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、环烯烃聚合物(Cyclo-olefinpolymer)、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺或聚芳酰胺(Polyaramide)材料，其并掺和1~10%重量比的铝、锡、镁、磷、铈、锆、钛、铯、钡、锶、铌、锌和硼元素中至少一种的氧化物及/或混有氟化镁的氧化硅所构成，硬涂层201的折射率介于1.3~1.6；该光学柔性盖板结构其特征在于，其透明塑料基板层101与至少两个硬涂层201堆栈组合，以造成该光学柔性盖板结构造成光线内部全反射，使高分子的光学柔性盖板结构具有接近玻璃的外观表现，且具有抗刮擦及弯曲特性。其中，该透明塑料基板层101的总透光率在波长范围380-780nm下是≧90 %，该数据以JISK7361测试方法测得。该透明塑料基板层101的雾度<1 %，该数值以JIS K7136测试标准测得。该透明塑料基板层101的折射率介于1.6~1.7。该至少两个硬涂层201中第一硬涂层2011的折射率介于1.3~1.4。该至少两个硬涂层201中第二硬涂层2012的折射率介于1.5~1.6。该至少两个硬涂层201相互堆栈而成，总厚度介于4.5 ~20 μm，其中硬涂层201具有渐进折射率排列，并叠合于该透明塑料基板层101的一表面上。该光学柔性盖板结构的抗弯折次数内折In-folding : 折弯半径R=1.5mm, 达20万k 次，外折Out-folding : 折弯半径R=3mm,达20万 k次，该测试为宽度:14.2cm，长度:10.7 cm，速度:60rpm测得弯曲次数，观测其表面裂损状况。该光学柔性盖板结构的弯曲度≦5mm，该测试样本尺寸为200*200mm。该光学柔性盖板结构的硬度≧5H，该测试是以铅笔硬度计测试于750gf/cm2的荷重下，60mm/min速度下测试。
本发明克服传统的镀膜方式无法适用在折叠盖板的光学膜上面，其主要原因是金属氧化物的镀膜厚度很薄，且不耐弯折及刮擦硬度等表面特性的需求，因此折叠盖板的抗反射(Anti Reflection, AR)功能，主要仍以调整双层涂布中第一硬涂层2011及第二硬涂层2012的折射率n值1.3~1.6之间，且相邻硬涂层201折射率相差至少0.5%以上，以达到降低反射率的目的，其抗反射原理乃是硬涂层201的组合构成并在光学***里建构出干涉效应来增加穿透或反射特性。硬涂层201的性能取决于膜层数、每一层的厚度，以及在膜层接口的折射率差。以调控光穿透量的最大化，并且减少不必要的反射，其反射率是以HitachiU4100反射率测试仪测试，本发明的反射率可达到6以下。也可由硬涂层201反射率调控出高反射的柔性盖板，使在单一或是横跨一范围的光谱波段上使其反射率能最大化，使其具有类似玻璃的镜面反射效果。也可调控硬涂层201的折射率n值使具有分光或滤光效果，使入射光分割成已知的穿透光和反射光输出，或用于在特定波长进行光穿透、光反射、光吸收或光衰减等。当光波长以及入射角已经规范时，本发明的光学柔性盖板结构，能够通过改变折射率与膜层厚度来达到最佳效能。任何参数値的改变都将影响到光学柔性盖板结构内部光线的路径长度，随着光线传递相位値也跟着改变。当光通过光学柔性盖板结构时，在第一硬涂层2011与第二硬涂层2012的任一侧的两个折射率改变的接口中会发生反射。为了最小化反射，理想情况是当这两个反射部分在第一界面处重新结合时，它们之间将具有180°相移。折射率不仅仅会影响到光学路径长度，也会在每一个硬涂层201接口处影响到反射率特征。该反射率是通过菲涅耳方程式来定义，此式提供了光线正向入射时在接口处从折射率改变来看反射率的量如何发生。
为了更进一步说明本发明涵盖的结构及应用情境，如图2是显示本发明另一光学柔性盖板结构图，本发明另一实施例其同图1中一种光学柔性盖板结构，其包括：一透明塑料基板层101及至少两个硬涂层201，其中第一硬涂层2011厚度为3~8 μm，其位于该透明塑料基板层101的一表面上；其中第二硬涂层2012厚度为1.5~3 μm，其位于该第一硬涂层2011的另一表面上；该第一硬涂层2011的厚度大于该第二硬涂层2012，每单一硬涂层201透光度介于85~95%且与相邻硬涂层201折射率相差至少0.5%以上；更进一步，以涂布方式增加第三硬涂层2013厚度为1.5~3 μm，其位于该第二硬涂层2012的另一表面上；第四硬涂层2014厚度为1.5~3 μm，其位于该第三硬涂层2013的另一表面上；其还可依据光学需求增加其硬涂层201的层数。硬涂层201的折射率介于1.3~1.6；该光学柔性盖板结构其特征在于，其透明塑料基板层101与至少两个硬涂层201堆栈组合，以造成该光学柔性盖板结构造成光线内部全反射，使高分子的光学柔性盖板结构具有接近玻璃的外观表现也具有抗反射的特性，同时兼具有抗刮擦及弯曲特性。
本发明乃是一种光学柔性盖板结构，该结构为一透明塑料基板层101及至少两个硬涂层201，其中利用硬涂层201特殊厚度规格及现有的涂层材料，以控制物理折射率范围，即可达到弯曲刚性、弯曲度、抗刮擦及降低制造成本的特征，其结构上有别于过去现有技艺真空镀膜的厚度及折射率特征具差异化，其新颖、进步及实用效益无误。故可有效改进现有缺失，使用上有相当大的实用性。
综观上述，本发明实施例所公开的具体构造，确实能提供光学柔性显示应用，于该设备表面解决抗刮的重要问题，以其整体结构而言，并未曾见于同类产品中，申请前也并未见公开。
但以上所述，仅为本发明的一较佳实施例而已，当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围，即凡是依本发明内容所作的等效变化与修饰，皆应仍属本发明保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，包括：
一透明塑料基板层，其是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、环烯烃聚合物、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺或聚芳酰胺材料所构成，该透明塑料基板层的厚度介于15~100 μm；
至少两个硬涂层，其中第一硬涂层厚度为3~8 μm，其位于该透明塑料基板层的一表面上；其中第二硬涂层厚度为1.5~3 μm，其位于该第一硬涂层的另一表面上；该第一硬涂层的厚度大于该第二硬涂层，每单一硬涂层透光度介于85~95%且与相邻硬涂层折射率相差至少0.5%；
其中，硬涂层是由至少一种硅氧烷树脂、聚硅氮烷树脂、环氧树脂、压克力树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、环烯烃聚合物、聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺或聚芳酰胺材料组成，其并掺和1~10%重量比的铝、锡、镁、磷、铈、锆、钛、铯、钡、锶、铌、锌和硼元素中至少一种的氧化物及/或混有氟化镁的氧化硅所构成，硬涂层的折射率介于1.3~1.6；
该光学柔性盖板结构，其透明塑料基板层与至少两个硬涂层堆栈组合，以造成该光学柔性盖板结构造成光线内部全反射，使高分子的光学柔性盖板结构具有接近玻璃的外观表现，且具有抗刮擦及弯曲特性。
2.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，该透明塑料基板层的总透光率在波长范围380-780nm下是≧90 %。
3.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，该透明塑料基板层的雾度<1%。
4.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，该透明塑料基板层的折射率介于1.6~1.7。
5.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，该至少两个硬涂层中第一硬涂层的折射率介于1.3~1.4。
6.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，该至少两个硬涂层中第二硬涂层的折射率介于1.5~1.6。
7.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，该至少两个硬涂层相互堆栈而成，总厚度介于6.5 ~12 μm，其硬涂层具有渐进折射率排列，并叠合于该透明塑料基板层的一表面上。
8.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，其抗弯折次数内折 : R=1.5mm, 达20万次，外折 : R=3mm, 达20万次。
9.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，其弯曲度≦5mm。
10.如权利要求1所述的光学柔性盖板结构，其特征在于，其硬度≧5H。
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