CN113683445A - Full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device - Google Patents
Full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device Download PDFInfo
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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Abstract
The application discloses automatic high temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device of full scale comprises five major parts of advancing/ejection of compact system, fermentation storehouse, mixing system, temperature control system and tail gas processing system, and the system of advancing or withdrawing links to each other with fermentation storehouse top and bottom respectively, and mixing system and temperature control system establish in the fermentation storehouse, and the top in fermentation storehouse is connected to tail gas processing system. The feeding/discharging system consists of a feeding conveyor, a feeding valve, a discharging valve and a discharging conveyor, wherein one end of the feeding valve is connected with the top of the fermentation bin by a flange, and the other end of the feeding valve is connected with the feeding conveyor; one end of the discharge valve is connected with the bottom of the fermentation bin through a flange, and the other end of the discharge valve is connected with the discharge conveyor; the full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated equipment can be used for rapidly composting biomass waste, is suitable for different climatic conditions, is high in composting efficiency, is simple and convenient to operate due to a friendly human-computer interface, and is suitable for the south China Jiang where economy is developed and labor market is expensive.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of resource utilization of biomass wastes, in particular to a full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device.
Background
Along with the development of Chinese economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, people have more and more requirements on energy sources, the awareness of protecting ecological environment is stronger, and the development and utilization of biomass waste resources are widely concerned in the face of double pressure of energy sources and environment.
The biomass waste mainly comprises straw, cyanobacteria mud, livestock and poultry manure and the like, if the biomass waste is not properly treated, the natural environment is seriously polluted, such as atmospheric pollution, soil pollution, water pollution and the like, and the resource utilization is the best mode for solving the pollution of the biomass waste. At present, the resource utilization modes of biomass wastes in China mainly comprise three modes: fertilizing, energizing and basifying. However, because of the wide territory of China, the natural, social, economic and technical conditions of the territory are obviously different, the resource utilization mode is also difficult to avoid the influence of the factors and presents different characteristics, and the traditional 'one-cutting' thinking is no longer applicable. Aiming at the unique characteristics of developed rural areas of the south and Jiangnan water system in China, the treatment of biomass waste mainly takes the utilization of fertilizer, and the energy and the matrix are supplemented.
At present, aerobic composting processes commonly used in China mainly comprise strip-pile composting, tank composting and reactor composting. The strip pile type compost is a typical open type compost and is characterized in that mixed materials are arranged into a strip pile and are fermented by being periodically turned and thrown through a machine. The pile-turning frequency is about 1-2 times per week, and the whole fermentation process takes about 30-60 days. The strip-stack compost has the advantages of simple process, simple and convenient operation, less investment and the like, but has the main defects of incapability of accurately controlling the temperature and the oxygen content of a pile body, long fermentation time, large floor area, difficult odor control and unstable product quality, and is obviously not suitable for the economically developed south of the Yangtze river of China. The channel type composting is generally carried out in a long and narrow channel called as a 'channel', a track is laid above the wall of the channel, a pile turning machine is arranged on the track and can stir materials, an aeration pipeline is laid at the bottom of the channel and can ventilate and aerate the piles, and the channel type composting system combines forced ventilation and periodical pile turning. The material can reach 40 ℃ after entering the tank for 1-2 days, and the fermentation period is 15-30 days. The main advantages of the tank type composting process are: the method has the advantages of large treatment capacity, short fermentation period, high degree of mechanization, stable product quality and the like, and has the main defects of difficult collection of odor, easy influence of natural environment, more manual operation and the like. Is expensive for the labor market in the south of the Yangtze river of China and is obviously not suitable for tank type composting.
The reactor composting refers to a composting process for aerobic fermentation of biomass wastes in a closed reactor integrating feeding, discharging, aeration, stirring and deodorization. The composting reactor has the functions of improving and promoting microbial metabolism, controls the temperature and the water content of a pile body by facilities such as pile turning, stirring, aeration, ventilation assistance and the like, solves the problems of material movement and material discharge in the reactor composting, and finally achieves the aims of improving the fermentation rate, shortening the fermentation period and realizing automatic production. Compared with the former two, the reactor composting has the advantages of short fermentation time, high efficiency, real-time monitoring of the decomposition process, controllable reaction conditions and the like.
The biomass waste treated by the reactor composting equipment can be used as a high-quality organic fertilizer and soil conditioner, is a waste management and treatment mode integrating harmlessness, reduction and recycling, is economical and feasible, and accords with the sustainable development direction. However, the existing composting equipment has no integration, low automation degree and difficult management. And the research on a plurality of aerobic composting devices is only limited to laboratories of colleges and universities, and is really applied to few production and living practices.
Content of application
The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
the technical problem that this application needs to be solved is that composting equipment does not have the integration among the prior art, and degree of automation is low, technical problem such as difficult management provides the automatic high temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device of full scale.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device comprises five parts, namely a feeding/discharging system, a fermentation bin, a stirring system, a temperature control system and a tail gas treatment system, wherein the feeding/discharging system is respectively connected with the top and the bottom of the fermentation bin; one end of the discharge valve is connected with the bottom of the fermentation bin through a flange, and the other end of the discharge valve is connected with the discharge conveyor; a controller is arranged beside the fermentation bin, and the controller consists of a main switch, a circuit breaker, a power switch, a fuse, an alternating current contactor, a PCL and an intermediate relay.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the feeding conveyor conveys biomass waste into the fermentation bin, the conveying distance is 7.5 meters, the power is 2.2KW, and the speed reducer speed ratio is 1: 60, the width of the conveyor belt is 0.3 m, and the belt speed is 0.21 m/s.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the discharging conveyor is used for discharging compost products, the conveying distance is 5 meters, the power is 2.2KW, and the speed reducer speed ratio is 1: 60, the conveying width is 0.3 m, and the belt speed is 0.21 m/s.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the feeding conveyor and the discharging conveyor are both made of 304 stainless steel and are corrosion-resistant; nylon is adopted as blocking leather on two sides of the conveying belt, so that materials are prevented from falling into the conveyor in the conveying process, and leakage is prevented; the tail wheels of the feeding conveyor and the discharging conveyor are adjusted through the screw rods, and the tail wheels are adjusted through the screw rods when the conveying belt deviates in the using process.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the fermentation bin comprises a 304 stainless steel main body, wherein a heat conduction oil heating sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the lower half part of the 304 stainless steel main body, and a heat insulation layer and a 304 stainless steel cover are arranged outside the heating sleeve; all 304 stainless steel is cut by laser numerical control, so that the dimensional accuracy is improved; and (3) chamfering by adopting a carbon plane, welding by carbon dioxide arc welding, and performing seepage prevention test and high-temperature and high-pressure test.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the stirring system is internally provided with a stirring main shaft made of 304 stainless steel, the stirring main shaft is supported in the 304 stainless steel main body by a middle bearing, the head part of the stirring main shaft is provided with a group of stirring rods, the top part of each stirring rod is provided with a stirring sheet, the tail part of the stirring main shaft is connected with a speed reducer by a coupling and is driven by a 7.5KW motor; the rack combination is arranged between the speed reducer and the 304 stainless steel main body, so that a protection effect is achieved; the supporting type support is arranged around the bottom of the stirring device to play a role in supporting and protecting; the discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the stirring system, and the feed port is arranged at the top of one side of the 304 stainless steel main body.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the temperature control system is provided with four groups of heating groups to control the heating of the hot oil medium liquid to the materials, a group of temperature sensors are arranged in the fermentation bin to monitor the temperature of the materials in the fermentation bin in real time, once the temperature of the materials in the fermentation bin reaches a preset temperature, the heating can be automatically switched off, meanwhile, the heating on-off period is set, and the on-off frequency of the contactor is greatly reduced.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the tail gas treatment system consists of a leaching tower, a biological filter and a fan; the spray washing tower is internally provided with a ventilation pipe A, an atomizing spray nozzle, a packing layer, a motor and a circulating water tank, the ventilation pipe A is arranged at the top of the spray washing tower, the atomizing spray nozzle is arranged inside the spray washing tower, the packing layer is arranged below the atomizing spray nozzle, the circulating water tank is arranged at the bottom of the spray washing tower, the motor is arranged at the top of the circulating water tank, the atomizing spray nozzles are arranged in a group, the packing layer is arranged below each group, the catching liquid is atomized into fine fog drops by the atomizing spray nozzles, the fine fog drops are uniformly dispersed in a gas phase, the specific surface area of the liquid phase is increased, and the gas-liquid contact area is increased, so that the tail gas is recovered to the maximum extent; the biological filter tank consists of a ventilation pipe B, biological filler, a biological carbon bearing layer and a support frame, wherein the ventilation pipe B is arranged at the top of the biological filter tank, the support frame is arranged in the biological filter tank, the biological carbon bearing layer and the biological filler are sequentially arranged on the support frame, and the physical adsorption and biodegradation method is combined, so that the odor eliminating capacity is greatly improved; the vent a is made of stainless steel 304 and has a diameter of 108 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the fan is provided with an impeller, the fan and the impeller are both made of 304 stainless steel, and the impeller is driven in an A mode; the dynamic balance test of the impeller shows that both sides are within 3 g; the power of the fan is 3KW, the air volume of the fan is 1400-1700 cubic meters per hour, and the pressure is 3200 Pa-3500 Pa.
As a preferred technical scheme of the application: the controller is a Siemens S7-200 SMART series PLC controller, and the controller consists of a main switch, a circuit breaker, a power switch, a fuse, an alternating current contactor, a PCL, an intermediate relay and a human-computer interaction interface; the man-machine interface is a touch screen of Kunlun Tongtai TPC7062TX, and an indicator light and a button can be displayed and operated in the touch screen, so that corresponding hardware is saved.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly, enabling biomass waste to enter a fermentation bin through a feeding conveyor and a feeding valve, then controlling ventilation parameters (0.3-0.6L/min), aeration time (5-10 h) and stirring speed parameters to be set through a PLC, starting a heating sleeve, and setting material temperature and heat conducting oil temperature to be 50-80 ℃; after 10-24h, discharging the decomposed biomass waste through a discharge valve and a discharge conveyor, packaging and bagging; hydrogen sulfide and ammonia odor generated in the aerobic composting process are recovered through tail gas of the leaching tower, and then are eliminated through the metabolism of microorganisms in the ventilation pipe and the biological filter, so that the whole production workshop is clean, and the working environment is clean and tidy.
Has the advantages that:
the application an automatic high temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device of full scale adopts above technical scheme to compare with prior art, has following technological effect:
1. the full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated equipment can be used for rapidly composting biomass waste, is suitable for different climatic conditions, is high in composting efficiency, is simple and convenient to operate due to a friendly human-computer interface, and is suitable for the south China Jiang where economy is developed and the labor market is expensive;
2. the aeration system, the stirring system and the temperature control system realize the accurate control of the moisture, the temperature, the environmental humidity and the oxygen content of the fermentation environment of the materials, so that the biomass waste can be stably converted into the high-quality organic fertilizer;
3. the fermentation control system is generally suitable for aerobic composting of various biomass wastes and different material proportions, and the composting equipment can realize rapid composting by adjusting the control system aiming at the material composts with different proportions;
4. a PLC control system of Siemens S7-200 SMART series and a Kunlun Tongtai TPC7062TX touch screen man-machine operation interface can maintain stable operation of a fermentation environment and realize intelligent control, thereby facilitating the operation of personnel and improving the fermentation efficiency and the composting quality;
5. the tail gas treatment system consisting of the leaching tower, the biological filter, the ventilation pipe and the like adopts an atomizing spray head, a biological carbon physical adsorption method and a microbial metabolism biological method, and various modes are combined to efficiently adsorb odor molecules in the tail gas, so that the structure of the odor molecules is damaged, the odor of the tail gas is removed at the maximum efficiency, no secondary pollution is caused in the aerobic composting process, and a production workshop is clean and tidy;
6. detection data of compost produced by the device
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device, wherein a is a sectional view of the integrated device, and b is a top view of the integrated device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a fermentation chamber of the three-dimensional electrochemical main device of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elution column of the three-dimensional electrochemical main assembly of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a biofilter of the three-dimensional electrochemical main unit of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a control cabinet of the three-dimensional electrochemical main body device of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a feed conveyor; 2-a feed valve; 3-a fermentation bin; 4-a leaching tower; 5-a discharge valve; 6-a discharging conveyor; 7-biological filter; 8-a fan; 301-a speed reducer; 302-rack combination; 303-a coupler; 304-an intermediate bearing; 305-stirring sheet; 306-a thermometer sensor; 307-heating jacket; 308-a supporting pedestal; 309-discharge hole; 310-304 stainless steel body; 311-stirring main shaft; 312-feed inlet; 41-a ventilation pipe; 42-an atomizer; 43-a filler layer; 44-a motor; 45-circulating water tank; 71-a vent pipe; 72-a biological filler; 73-biochar bearing layer; 74-support shelf.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-5, a full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device comprises five major parts, namely a feeding/discharging system, a fermentation bin 3, a stirring system, a temperature control system and a tail gas treatment system, wherein the feeding/discharging system is respectively connected with the top and the bottom of the fermentation bin 3, the stirring system and the temperature control system are arranged in the fermentation bin 3, the tail gas treatment system is connected with the top of the fermentation bin 3, the feeding/discharging system comprises a feeding conveyor 1, a feeding valve 2, a discharging valve 5 and a discharging conveyor 6, one end of the feeding valve 2 is connected with the top of the fermentation bin 3 through a flange, and the other end of the feeding valve is connected with the feeding conveyor 1; one end of the discharge valve 5 is connected with the bottom of the fermentation bin 3 through a flange, and the other end of the discharge valve is connected with the discharge conveyor 6; a controller is arranged beside the fermentation chamber 3.
The feeding conveyor 1 conveys biomass waste into the fermentation bin 3, the conveying distance is 7.5 meters, the power is 2.2KW, and the speed reducer speed ratio is 1: 60, the width of the conveyor belt is 0.3 m, and the belt speed is 0.21 m/s.
The discharging conveyor 6 is used for discharging compost products, the conveying distance is 5 meters, the power is 2.2KW, and the speed reducer speed ratio is 1: 60, the conveying width is 0.3 m, and the belt speed is 0.21 m/s.
The feeding conveyor 1 and the discharging conveyor 6 are both made of 304 stainless steel and are corrosion-resistant; nylon is adopted as blocking leather on two sides of the conveying belt, so that materials are prevented from falling into the conveyor in the conveying process, and leakage is prevented; the tail wheels of the feeding conveyor 1 and the discharging conveyor 6 are adjusted through the screw rods, and the conveying belts are adjusted through the screw rods when the conveying belts deviate in the using process.
The fermentation bin 3 comprises a 304 stainless steel main body 310, a heat conduction oil heating sleeve 307 is arranged on the outer surface of the lower half part of the 304 stainless steel main body 310, and an insulating layer and a 304 stainless steel cover are arranged outside the heating sleeve 307; all 304 stainless steel is cut by laser numerical control, so that the dimensional accuracy is improved; and (3) chamfering by adopting a carbon plane, welding by carbon dioxide arc welding, and performing seepage prevention test and high-temperature and high-pressure test.
The stirring system is provided with a stirring main shaft 311 made of 304 stainless steel, the stirring main shaft 311 is supported in a 304 stainless steel main body 310 by a middle bearing 304, the head of the stirring main shaft 311 is provided with a group of stirring rods, the top of each stirring rod is provided with a stirring sheet 305, the tail of the stirring main shaft 311 is connected with a speed reducer 301 through a coupler 303 and is driven by a 7.5KW motor; the rack combination 302 is arranged between the speed reducer 301 and the 304 stainless steel main body 310, and plays a role in protection; the supporting type support 308 is arranged around the bottom of the stirring device to play a role in supporting and protecting; the discharge port 309 is disposed at the bottom of the stirring system, and the feed port 312 is disposed at the top of one side of the 304 stainless steel body 310.
The temperature control system is provided with four groups of heating groups to control the heating of the hot oil medium liquid to the materials, a group of temperature sensors 306 are arranged in the fermentation bin 3 to monitor the temperature of the materials in the fermentation bin in real time, once the temperature of the materials in the fermentation bin reaches a preset temperature, the heating can be automatically switched off, meanwhile, the heating on-off period is set, and the on-off frequency of the contactor is greatly reduced.
The tail gas treatment system consists of a leaching tower 4, a biological filter 7 and a fan 8; a vent pipe A41, an atomizing spray head 42, a packing layer 43, a motor 44 and a circulating water tank 45 are arranged in the leaching tower 4, the vent pipe A41 is arranged at the top of the leaching tower 4, the atomizing spray head 42 is arranged in the leaching tower, the packing layer 43 is arranged below the atomizing spray head 42, the circulating water tank 45 is arranged at the bottom of the leaching tower 4, the motor 44 is arranged at the top of the circulating water tank 45, one group of atomizing spray heads 42 are arranged, the packing layer 43 is arranged below each group of atomizing spray heads, the catching liquid is atomized into fine fog drops by the atomizing spray heads 42 and uniformly dispersed in a gas phase, the specific surface area of the liquid phase is increased, and the gas-liquid contact area is increased, so that tail gas is recovered to the maximum; the biological filter 7 consists of a ventilation pipe B71, biological filler 72, a biological carbon bearing layer 73 and a support frame 74, the ventilation pipe B71 is arranged at the top of the biological filter 7, the support frame 74 is arranged in the biological filter 7, the biological carbon bearing layer 73 and the biological filler 72 are sequentially arranged on the support frame 74, and the physical adsorption and biodegradation method is combined, so that the odor eliminating capacity is greatly improved; vent a41 was made of stainless steel 304 and had a diameter of 108 millimeters.
The fan 8 is provided with an impeller, the fan and the impeller are both made of 304 stainless steel, and the impeller is driven in an A mode; the dynamic balance test of the impeller shows that both sides are within 3 g; the power of the fan is 3KW, the air volume of the fan is 1400-1700 cubic meters per hour, and the pressure is 3200 Pa-3500 Pa. The controller is a Siemens S7-200 SMART series PLC controller, and the controller consists of a main switch, a circuit breaker, a power switch, a fuse, an alternating current contactor, a PCL, an intermediate relay and a human-computer interaction interface; the man-machine interface is a touch screen of Kunlun Tongtai TPC7062TX, and an indicator light and a button can be displayed and operated in the touch screen, so that corresponding hardware is saved.
The material will first pass the inlet valve 2 and the inlet conveyor 1 into the fermentation chamber 3. A speed reducer 301, a frame assembly 302, a coupler 303 and a motor in the fermentation bin 3 form a transmission system; the stirring main shaft 311, the middle bearing 304 and the stirring sheet 305 form a stirring system of the fermentation bin 3; the thermometer sensors 306 can monitor the material temperature of the fermentation bin 3 in real time, the heat conducting oil medium liquid in the heating sleeve 307 transfers heat to the fermentation bin 3, and when the material temperature exceeds a preset temperature, the central control system automatically closes the four heating groups, so that energy is saved with the maximum efficiency; the main material of the fermentation bin 3 is made of 304 stainless steel 310; the upper end feed inlet 312 is beneficial to premixing materials by utilizing the self gravity of the materials, and the discharge outlet 309 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin 3, so that the decomposed materials are discharged, and the operation efficiency of the equipment is improved; the designed supporting support 308 ensures that the fermentation bin 3 operates more stably and safely.
In the aerobic composting process of the biomass waste, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia odor can be generated, so that the severe working environment of a production workshop is caused, the production efficiency is influenced, and the treatment of tail gas is not slow. The tail gas treatment system comprises a leaching tower 4, a biological filter 7, a ventilating pipe 41 and the like. The generated tail gas enters the leaching tower 4, the leaching tower 4 is composed of an atomizing spray head 42, a packing layer 43, a motor 44 and a circulating water tank 45, the atomizing spray head 42 is used for capturing tail gas in the circulating water tank 45, liquid is atomized into fine fog drops, the fine fog drops are uniformly dispersed in the tail gas, the specific surface area of a liquid phase is increased, the gas-liquid contact area is increased, and therefore the tail gas is recovered to the maximum extent. The untreated residual tail gas enters the biological filter 7 through a vent pipe B71. The biological filter 7 is composed of biological filler 72, a biological carbon bearing layer 73 and a support frame 74, and the activated carbon is loaded with microorganisms, so that the physical adsorption and biodegradation method is combined, the odor eliminating capability is greatly improved, the tail gas is further ensured to be discharged up to the standard, and no secondary pollution is ensured in the aerobic composting process.
The control cabinet of the novel full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device is composed of PCL and a circuit breaker, the digital monitoring unit rapidly collects aerobic composting data, real-time monitoring and regulation of composting progress are realized, high integration of machine, electricity and information is achieved, and aerobic composting of the reactor is automatic and intelligent. After a period of time, the decomposed biomass waste is converted into high-quality organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is quickly packaged and sealed by the discharge valve 5 and the discharge conveyor 6, so that the composting efficiency is improved.
The organic fertilizer obtained by adopting the novel full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device provided by the embodiment meets the agricultural organic fertilizer industry standard NY525-2012 of the people's republic of China.
Example 2
The device and the method are as in example 1, the collected livestock and poultry breeding manure, straw and other raw materials are mixed by the device to obtain multi-component biomass waste materials, the temperature (50-80 ℃) and the fermentation time (10-24 h) of the full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated equipment are determined, high-quality organic fertilizer is obtained after fermentation for a certain time, and organic matters, total nutrients, water content, pH and heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, lead, arsenic and mercury) are detected to be contained in indexes, so that the indexes meet the national standard in comparison with the Chinese agricultural organic fertilizer industry standard NY 525-2012.
Example 3
The device and the method are as in example 1, the device is already put into use in new villages in snow weirs and towns in Wuzhou city Wuji district, the raw materials used for aerobic composting are all biomass wastes (feces, blue algae and straws), and the raw materials are also collected and recycled from nearby areas, and the produced compost is already put into use at present. The direct operation cost of the organic fertilizer in the device is 143 yuan/ton, and the interest rate of the produced organic fertilizer is 249-600% according to the estimation of the market price (500-1000 yuan/ton) of the organic fertilizer in Yangtze river delta area.
Example 4
The device and the method are as in example 1, the device is already put into use in a fishing ditch town in Huaiyin area of Huai city, raw materials used for aerobic composting are all biomass wastes (feces and straws), the biomass wastes are collected and recycled from nearby areas, and the produced compost is already put into use at present. The direct operation cost of the organic fertilizer in the device is 118 yuan/ton, and the interest rate of the produced organic fertilizer is 300-590% according to the estimation of the market price of the organic fertilizer in local regions (360-700 yuan/ton).
Example 5
The device and the method are as in example 1, the device is already put into use in the towns of field buildings in south county of Hongxiang city, and raw materials used for aerobic composting are all biomass wastes (feces, straws, algae, mushroom and the like) which are collected and recycled from nearby areas, and the produced compost is already put into use at present. The direct operation cost of the organic fertilizer in the device is 124 yuan/ton, and the interest rate of the produced organic fertilizer is 290-600% according to the estimation of the market price of the organic fertilizer in local areas (370-740 yuan/ton).
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic high temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device of full scale which characterized in that: the fermentation tank is composed of five parts, namely a feeding/discharging system, a fermentation bin (3), a stirring system, a temperature control system and a tail gas treatment system, wherein the feeding/discharging system is respectively connected with the top and the bottom of the fermentation bin (3), the stirring system and the temperature control system are arranged in the fermentation bin (3), the tail gas treatment system is connected with the top of the fermentation bin (3), the feeding/discharging system is composed of a feeding conveyor (1), a feeding valve (2), a discharging valve (5) and a discharging conveyor (6), one end of the feeding valve (2) is connected with the top of the fermentation bin (3) through a flange, and the other end of the feeding valve is connected with the feeding conveyor (1); one end of the discharge valve (5) is connected with the bottom of the fermentation bin (3) through a flange, and the other end of the discharge valve is connected with the discharge conveyor (6); a controller is arranged beside the fermentation chamber (3).
2. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding conveyor (1) conveys the biomass waste into the fermentation bin (3), the conveying distance is 7.5 meters, the power is 2.2KW, and the speed reducer speed ratio is 1: 60, the width of the conveyor belt is 0.3 m, and the belt speed is 0.21 m/s.
3. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharging conveyor (6) is used for discharging compost products, the conveying distance is 5 meters, the power is 2.2KW, and the speed reducer speed ratio is 1: 60, the conveying width is 0.3 m, and the belt speed is 0.21 m/s.
4. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding conveyor (1) and the discharging conveyor (6) are both made of 304 stainless steel and are corrosion-resistant; nylon is adopted as blocking leather on two sides of the conveying belt, so that materials are prevented from falling into the conveyor in the conveying process, and leakage is prevented; the tail wheels of the feeding conveyor (1) and the discharging conveyor (6) are adjusted through the screw rods, and the conveying belts are adjusted through the screw rods when the conveying belts are off tracking in the using process.
5. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fermentation bin (3) comprises a 304 stainless steel main body (310), a heat conduction oil heating sleeve (307) is arranged on the outer surface of the lower half part of the 304 stainless steel main body (310), and an insulating layer and a 304 stainless steel cover are arranged outside the heating sleeve (307); all 304 stainless steel is cut by laser numerical control, so that the dimensional accuracy is improved; and (3) chamfering by adopting a carbon plane, welding by carbon dioxide arc welding, and performing seepage prevention test and high-temperature and high-pressure test.
6. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring system is provided with a stirring main shaft (311) made of 304 stainless steel, the stirring main shaft (311) is supported in a 304 stainless steel main body (310) through a middle bearing (304), the head of the stirring main shaft (311) is provided with a group of stirring rods, the top of each stirring rod is provided with a stirring sheet (305), the tail of the stirring main shaft (311) is connected with a speed reducer (301) through a coupler (303), and the stirring main shaft is driven by a 7.5KW motor; the frame assembly (302) is arranged between the speed reducer (301) and the 304 stainless steel main body (310) to play a role in protection; the supporting type support (308) is arranged around the bottom of the stirring device to play a role in supporting and protecting; the discharge hole (309) is arranged at the bottom of the stirring system, and the feed hole (312) is arranged at the top of one side of the 304 stainless steel main body (310).
7. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature control system is provided with four groups of heating groups to control the hot oil medium liquid to heat materials, a group of temperature sensors (306) are arranged in the fermentation bin (3) to monitor the temperature of the materials in the fermentation bin in real time, once the temperature of the materials in the fermentation bin reaches a preset temperature, the heating can be automatically switched off, meanwhile, the heating on-off period is set, and the on-off frequency of the contactor is greatly reduced.
8. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail gas treatment system consists of a leaching tower (4), a biological filter (7) and a fan (8); a ventilation pipe A (41), an atomizing spray head (42), a packing layer (43), a motor (44) and a circulating water tank (45) are arranged in the leaching tower (4), the ventilation pipe A (41) is arranged at the top of the leaching tower (4), the atomizing spray heads (42) are arranged in the leaching tower, the packing layer (43) is arranged below the atomizing spray heads (42), the circulating water tank (45) is arranged at the bottom of the leaching tower (4), the motor (44) is arranged at the top of the circulating water tank (45), a group of atomizing spray heads (42) are arranged, a packing layer (43) is arranged below each atomizing spray head, the catching liquid is atomized into fine fog drops by the atomizing spray heads (42), the fine fog drops are uniformly dispersed in a gas phase, the specific surface area of the liquid phase is increased, and the gas-liquid contact area is increased, so that tail gas is recovered to the maximum extent; the biological filter (7) consists of a ventilation pipe B (71), biological filler (72), a biological carbon bearing layer (73) and a support frame (74), the ventilation pipe B (71) is arranged at the top of the biological filter (7), the support frame (74) is arranged in the biological filter (7), the biological carbon bearing layer (73) and the biological filler (72) are sequentially arranged on the support frame (74), and the physical adsorption and the biological degradation method are combined, so that the odor eliminating capacity is greatly improved; the vent a (41) was made of stainless steel 304 and had a diameter of 108 mm.
9. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 8, wherein: an impeller is arranged on the fan (8), the fan and the impeller are both made of 304 stainless steel, and the impeller is driven in an A mode; the dynamic balance test of the impeller shows that both sides are within 3 g; the power of the fan is 3KW, the air volume of the fan is 1400-1700 cubic meters per hour, and the pressure is 3200 Pa-3500 Pa.
10. The full-scale automatic high-temperature aerobic fermentation integrated device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the controller is a Siemens S7-200 SMART series PLC controller, and the controller consists of a main switch, a circuit breaker, a power switch, a fuse, an alternating current contactor, a PCL, an intermediate relay and a human-computer interaction interface; the man-machine interface is a touch screen of Kunlun Tongtai TPC7062TX, and an indicator light and a button can be displayed and operated in the touch screen, so that corresponding hardware is saved.
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| CN114920434A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-19 | 北京新城禹潞环保科技有限责任公司 | Low-temperature aerobic fermentation sludge fan dehumidification heating device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104722561A (en) * | 2015-03-15 | 2015-06-24 | 天津清华德人环境工程有限公司 | High-efficiency aerobic fermentation device of organic wastes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104722561A (en) * | 2015-03-15 | 2015-06-24 | 天津清华德人环境工程有限公司 | High-efficiency aerobic fermentation device of organic wastes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114920434A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-19 | 北京新城禹潞环保科技有限责任公司 | Low-temperature aerobic fermentation sludge fan dehumidification heating device |
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