CN113683116A - Method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN113683116A CN113683116A CN202110948894.7A CN202110948894A CN113683116A CN 113683116 A CN113683116 A CN 113683116A CN 202110948894 A CN202110948894 A CN 202110948894A CN 113683116 A CN113683116 A CN 113683116A
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- Prior art keywords
- copper sulfate
- copper
- electrolyte
- solution
- waste electrolyte
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- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical group O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017251 AsO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZYIDMKXGSDQMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic dioxide Inorganic materials [O][As]=O LZYIDMKXGSDQMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G3/00—Compounds of copper
- C01G3/10—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte, which comprises the steps of adding copper oxide powder and hydrogen peroxide into the waste electrolyte with copper concentration of 40-55 g/L and sulfuric acid concentration of 155-185 g/L, and heating to react to obtain low-acid copper sulfate solution; adjusting the pH value of the low-acid copper sulfate solution to 3.5-4 by using alkali, standing, and filtering to respectively obtain arsenic-removed iron slag and copper sulfate purification solution; the copper sulfate purifying solution is evaporated, concentrated, crystallized and filtered to obtain copper sulfate with purity higher than 97%, and the filtrate is returned to waste electrolyte. The method has the advantages of simple process, low production cost, high reaction rate, obvious improvement on the product quality of the copper sulfate prepared from the waste electrolyte, and solution of the problem of excessive acid content and impurity content in the smelted copper sulfate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wet metallurgy and chemical industry, in particular to a method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte.
Background
In the copper electrolytic refining process, the components of the electrolyte are continuously changed, the concentration of copper ions is continuously increased, impurities are continuously accumulated, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is gradually reduced. In order to maintain the copper, acid content and impurity concentration in the electrolyte within specified ranges, the electrolyte must be purified and adjusted to ensure proper operation of the electrolysis process. Generally, a certain amount of electrolyte is extracted according to the calculation of impurities with the fastest rising speed, and then a corresponding amount of water and sulfuric acid are added to maintain the volume of the electrolyte unchanged. The extracted waste electrolyte is used for recovering copper sulfate.
When the waste electrolyte is used for producing copper sulfate, a copper neutralization method or a direct concentration crystallization method is generally adopted. The copper neutralization method is to stack waste copper wires, waste copper sheets, waste copper scraps or residual copper pole pieces in waste electrolyte, and then blow air at 85 ℃ to enable sulfuric acid and copper to react to generate copper sulfate. The larger the surface area of the waste copper material is, the faster the reaction speed is, the density of the solution is gradually increased along with the continuous dissolution of copper, and the neutralization process is finished when the density of the solution reaches about 1.4 g/L. Then after filtration, the mixture is put into a water-cooling crystallization tank or a natural cooling crystallization tank to be stirred for cooling crystallization, after crystallization, a copper sulfate product is obtained through filtration, washing, dehydration and drying, and the obtained mother liquor is subjected to copper removal electrolysis. The method has low reaction rate and high production cost. The direct concentration method is to heat, evaporate and concentrate the waste electrolyte and then crystallize to obtain the smelted copper sulfate. However, because the acidity in the waste electrolyte is too high, the quality of the copper sulfate produced by a direct concentration method is poor, a large amount of free acid is mixed in the copper sulfate product, the content of arsenic, iron and other impurities is also seriously exceeded, the main grade of the product is about 85 percent, and the product has a larger difference from the qualified copper sulfate product.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte with high reaction rate and low cost.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding copper oxide powder and hydrogen peroxide into waste electrolyte with copper concentration of 40-55 g/L and sulfuric acid concentration of 155-185 g/L, and heating to react to obtain a low-acid copper sulfate solution; adjusting the pH value of the low-acid copper sulfate solution to 3.5-4 by using alkali, standing, and filteringRespectively obtaining arsenic-removed iron slag and copper sulfate purification solution; evaporating, concentrating, crystallizing and filtering the copper sulfate purified solution to obtain copper sulfate with the purity of more than 97 percent, and returning filtrate to waste electrolyte; the copper oxide is metered in according to the following formula: n isCuO/[nH2SO4-nCu]= 0.8-1, wherein nCuOIs the mole number of copper oxide, nH2SO4Is the mole number of sulfuric acid in the waste electrolyte, nCuIs the mole number of copper in the spent electrolyte; the molar ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the copper oxide is 0.5-1.
The waste electrolyte is the waste electrolyte generated in the pyrometallurgical smelting-electrolytic refining process in the copper smelting industry.
The copper oxide is industrial copper oxide, and the purity is more than or equal to 99%.
The heating reaction condition is that the temperature is 60-90 ℃ and the time is 0.5-2 h.
The alkali is 10-30% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or sodium carbonate aqueous solution by mass fraction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adds hydrogen peroxide to accelerate the reaction of copper oxide and sulfuric acid to generate copper sulfate and Fe in the waste electrolyte2+Is oxidized into Fe3+，AsO2 -Is oxidized to produce AsO4 3-And AsO4 3-With Fe3+Reaction to produce FeAsO4Precipitation of excess Fe3+The ferric hydroxide precipitate is obtained after neutralization by alkali, so that the reaction rate is high, the product quality of copper sulfate prepared from the waste electrolyte is obviously improved, and the problems of acid content and impurity content exceeding in copper sulfate smelting are solved.
2. In the present invention, copper oxide is added to neutralize excess free acid.
3. The method has the advantages of simple process, short reaction time and low energy consumption, greatly reduces the production cost of enterprises, and consumes the sulfuric acid with the existing serious excess capacity.
Detailed Description
A method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte is characterized in that copper oxide powder and hydrogen peroxide are added into the waste electrolyte with copper concentration of 40-55 g/L and sulfuric acid concentration of 155-185 g/L, and the mixture is heated and reacted at 60-90 ℃ for 0.5-2 h to obtain low-acid copper sulfate solution; and (3) adjusting the pH value of the low-acid copper sulfate solution to 3.5-4 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10-30%, standing, and filtering to respectively obtain arsenic-iron-removing slag and copper sulfate purification solution.
The copper sulfate purification solution is evaporated and concentrated by adopting a conventional evaporation and concentration process, and the specific process is as follows: concentrating the copper sulfate purified solution to a specific gravity of 1.3-1.5 g/cm3And then pumping the concentrated solution into a water-cooling crystallization tank by using a pump to carry out circulating water cooling and continuously stirring, reducing the temperature from 70 ℃ to 25-35 ℃ for 1-1.5 h, separating out copper sulfate in the concentrated solution in a copper sulfate pentahydrate form, filtering to obtain copper sulfate with the purity of more than 97%, and returning the filtrate to the waste electrolyte.
Wherein: the waste electrolyte is the waste electrolyte generated in the pyrometallurgical smelting-electrolytic refining process in the copper smelting industry.
The copper oxide is industrial copper oxide, and the purity is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The copper oxide is metered in according to the following formula: n isCuO/[nH2SO4-nCu]= 0.8-1, wherein nCuOIs the mole number of copper oxide, nH2SO4Is the mole number of sulfuric acid in the waste electrolyte, nCuIs the mole number of copper in the waste electrolyte; the molar ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the copper oxide is 0.5-1.
Example 1
Taking 400ml of waste electrolyte of a certain copper smelting plant, wherein the main element components and the contents are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 copper electrolyte Main elements and concentrations (g/L)
Adding (177.52/98-43.29/64) 0.4-80 =36.5g of copper oxide into the waste electrolyte, adding 7.75g of hydrogen peroxide, and reacting at 70 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the low-acid copper sulfate solution. Adjusting the pH value of the low-acid copper sulfate solution to 3.8 by using a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20 percentFiltering to obtain arsenic-iron-removing slag and copper sulfate purifying liquid. Concentrating the purified copper sulfate solution by conventional evaporation concentration process to specific gravity of 1.4g/cm3Then pumping the concentrated solution into a water-cooling crystallization tank by a pump to carry out circulating water cooling and continuously stirring, reducing the temperature from 70 ℃ to 35 ℃ for 1h, separating out copper sulfate in the concentrated solution in a form of copper sulfate pentahydrate, filtering to obtain a high-purity copper sulfate crystallization product, and returning the filtrate to the waste electrolyte.
The quality ratio of the copper sulfate products produced by the waste electrolyte respectively by adopting the copper-adding neutralization method and the method of the invention is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 comparison of copper sulfate product quality
Example 2
Taking 400ml of waste electrolyte of a certain copper smelting plant, wherein the main element components and the contents are shown in the table 3:
TABLE 3 copper electrolyte Main elements and concentrations (g/L)
Adding (174.58/98-44.34/64) 0.4-80 0.8=27.87g of copper oxide into the waste electrolyte, adding 11.8g of hydrogen peroxide, and reacting at 90 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the low-acid copper sulfate solution. Regulating the pH value of the low-acid copper sulfate solution to 4.0 by using a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and filtering to obtain arsenic-iron-removing slag and copper sulfate purified solution. Concentrating the purified copper sulfate solution by conventional evaporation concentration process to specific gravity of 1.5g/cm3Then pumping the concentrated solution into a water-cooling crystallization tank by a pump to carry out circulating water cooling and continuously stirring, reducing the temperature from 70 ℃ to 30 ℃ for 1.5h, separating out copper sulfate in the concentrated solution in a form of copper sulfate pentahydrate, filtering to obtain a high-purity copper sulfate crystallization product, and returning the filtrate to the waste electrolyte.
The quality ratio of the copper sulfate products produced by the waste electrolyte respectively by adopting the copper-adding neutralization method and the method of the invention is shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 comparison of copper sulfate product quality
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding copper oxide powder and hydrogen peroxide into waste electrolyte with copper concentration of 40-55 g/L and sulfuric acid concentration of 155-185 g/L, and heating to react to obtain a low-acid copper sulfate solution; adjusting the pH value of the low-acid copper sulfate solution to 3.5-4 by using alkali, standing, and filtering to respectively obtain arsenic-removed iron slag and copper sulfate purification solution; evaporating, concentrating, crystallizing and filtering the copper sulfate purified solution to obtain copper sulfate with the purity of more than 97 percent, and returning filtrate to waste electrolyte; the copper oxide is metered in according to the following formula: n isCuO/[nH2SO4-nCu]= 0.8-1, wherein nCuOIs the mole number of copper oxide, nH2SO4Is the mole number of sulfuric acid in the waste electrolyte, nCuIs the mole number of copper in the spent electrolyte; the molar ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the copper oxide is 0.5-1.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the spent electrolyte is used for preparing high purity copper sulfate by: the waste electrolyte is the waste electrolyte generated in the pyrometallurgical smelting-electrolytic refining process in the copper smelting industry.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the spent electrolyte is used for preparing high purity copper sulfate by: the copper oxide is industrial copper oxide, and the purity is more than or equal to 99%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the spent electrolyte is used for preparing high purity copper sulfate by: the heating reaction condition is that the temperature is 60-90 ℃ and the time is 0.5-2 h.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the spent electrolyte is used for preparing high purity copper sulfate by: the alkali is 10-30% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or sodium carbonate aqueous solution by mass fraction.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110948894.7A CN113683116A (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | Method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte |
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| CN202110948894.7A CN113683116A (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2021-08-18 | Method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate from waste electrolyte |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115744963A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-07 | 湖北兴福电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate by recovering sulfuric acid in semiconductor plant |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008050229A (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Dowa Holdings Co Ltd | Method for producing copper sulfate solution |
| CN106757179A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of cupric electrolysis tail washings purifies the process of decopper(ing) removal of impurities |
-
2021
- 2021-08-18 CN CN202110948894.7A patent/CN113683116A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008050229A (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-06 | Dowa Holdings Co Ltd | Method for producing copper sulfate solution |
| CN106757179A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of cupric electrolysis tail washings purifies the process of decopper(ing) removal of impurities |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张析等: "粗品硫酸铜提纯工艺研究", 《甘肃冶金》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115744963A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-07 | 湖北兴福电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity copper sulfate by recovering sulfuric acid in semiconductor plant |
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Application publication date: 20211123 |