CN113680188A - System and process for purifying wastewater by using waste heat of acid preparation from smelting flue gas - Google Patents
System and process for purifying wastewater by using waste heat of acid preparation from smelting flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN113680188A CN113680188A CN202111118050.6A CN202111118050A CN113680188A CN 113680188 A CN113680188 A CN 113680188A CN 202111118050 A CN202111118050 A CN 202111118050A CN 113680188 A CN113680188 A CN 113680188A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/73—After-treatment of removed components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
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- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a process for purifying waste water by utilizing waste heat generated in acid preparation by smelting flue gas, and the system comprises a washing tower, wherein an outlet of the washing tower is connected with a storage tank, the storage tank is connected with a cooling tower, an outlet at the top of the cooling tower is connected with an electric demister, an outlet at the bottom of the electric demister is connected with a second dilute acid circulating pump, the cooling tower is also connected with a second dilute acid circulating pump, the second dilute acid circulating pump is respectively connected with a plate heat exchanger and the storage tank, the plate heat exchanger is connected with the cooling tower, an outlet at the bottom of the storage tank is also connected with a first dilute acid circulating pump, the system also comprises a degassing tower, an outlet at the top of the degassing tower is connected with the storage tank, an outlet at the bottom of the degassing tower is connected with a neutralization tank, an outlet at the bottom of the neutralization tank is connected with a plate-and-frame filter press through a slag pump, an outlet of the plate-frame filter press is connected with a neutralization water tank, the neutralization water tank is connected with a clean water pump, and the clean water pump is connected with the cooling tower. The system of the invention fully utilizes the limited heat energy carried by the low-temperature flue gas, so that the lime neutralization calcium sulfite wastewater is evaporated and purified, and the energy consumption for treating the calcium sulfite wastewater is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste water purification processes, and particularly relates to a system and a process for purifying waste water by using waste heat generated in acid preparation by smelting flue gas.
Background
The process for preparing acid from sulfur-containing flue gas is a classic process for flue gas desulfurization treatment, and mainly comprises four procedures of flue gas purification, sulfur dioxide conversion, sulfuric acid condensation and tail gas treatment. The sulfur-containing flue gas usually contains a small amount of fluoride, arsenide and other metal compounds in addition to sulfur dioxide, and usually also contains a small amount of sulfur trioxide, fluoride, arsenide and other metal compounds, which are low in content but cause great harm to sulfur dioxide conversion catalysts and metal and nonmetal equipment facilities in the acid making process, so that the sulfur-containing flue gas needs to be purified. The general purification process is to wash the sulfur-containing flue gas by using primary water, to make fluoride, arsenide and the like in the flue gas enter a liquid phase, and simultaneously to reduce the temperature of the flue gas from 200 ℃ (less than 200 ℃) to about 80 ℃, and further to reduce the temperature to about 40 ℃ through a cooling tower, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the flue gas. In the process, sulfur dioxide and a small amount of sulfur trioxide in the sulfur-containing flue gas are partially dissolved and enter a liquid phase, and the waste acid is called waste acid after reaching a certain concentration and is sent to a production wastewater treatment station for slaked lime neutralization treatment. Substances dissolved in the waste acid are combined with calcium in the hydrated lime to form substances with low solubility and are solidified, and the substances are converted into harmless substances after solid-liquid separation. The process principle can be described by the following reaction: SO (SO)2+H2O＝H2SO3；H2SO3＝SO2+H2O；SO3+H2O＝H2SO4；Ca(OH)2+H2SO3＝CaSO3↓+H2O；Ca(OH)2+H2SO4＝CaSO4↓+H2O；Ca(OH)2+2HF＝CaF2↓+H2O；3Ca(OH)2+2H3AsO4＝Ca3(AsO4)2↓+3H2O；XCa(OH)2+2MeX+＝XCa2++2Me(OH)X↓; is neutralized by hydrated limeIn the filtered water (hereinafter referred to as "lime-neutralized calcium sulfite wastewater"), a certain amount of SO remains3 2-And CaSO3SO in the determination of COD3 2-The COD of the waste water is generally about 300mg/L, and the waste water cannot be directly discharged into a natural water body according to the environmental protection standard, and the COD is treated to reach within 200mg/L and discharged into an urban pipe network, or to reach within 50mg/L and discharged into the natural water body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for purifying waste water by using the waste heat of acid preparation from smelting flue gas, which purifies the waste water of calcium sulfite generated by neutralizing waste acid and lime by using the waste heat of flue gas while purifying the smelting flue gas.
The invention also aims to provide the process for purifying the wastewater by using the waste heat generated in the acid preparation from the smelting flue gas.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the system for purifying the waste water by utilizing the waste heat generated in acid making by smelting flue gas comprises a washing tower, wherein the outlet of the washing tower is connected with a storage tank, the storage tank is connected with a cooling tower through a pipeline, the outlet at the top of the cooling tower is connected with an electric demister, the outlet at the bottom of the electric demister is connected with a second dilute acid circulating pump, the cooling tower is also connected with a second dilute acid circulating pump, the second dilute acid circulating pump is respectively connected with a plate heat exchanger and the storage tank, the plate heat exchanger is connected with the cooling tower, the outlet at the bottom of the storage tank is also connected with a first dilute acid circulating pump, the first dilute acid circulating pump is connected with an inclined tube settler, the system also comprises a degassing tower, the outlet at the top of the degassing tower is connected with the storage tank, the outlet at the bottom of the degassing tower is connected with a neutralization tank, the outlet at the bottom of the neutralization tank is connected with a plate-and frame filter press through a slurry pump, the outlet of the plate-frame filter press is connected with a neutralization water tank, the neutralization water pump is connected with a clean water pump, and the clean water pump is connected with the cooling tower.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the inclined tube settler is also connected with a neutralization pond.
The degassing tower is also connected with a washing tower.
A slaked lime feeding port is arranged on the neutralization pond.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that a process for purifying waste water by using the waste heat of acid preparation by smelting flue gas is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, introducing the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide with the temperature of less than 200 ℃ into a washing tower, then carrying out impact washing with a part of circulating dilute acid in a first dilute acid circulating pump, and entering a storage tank; the other part of the circulating diluted acid is carried out in an inclined tube settler, the enriched solid particles are separated, and then the diluted acid enters a neutralization tank after sulfur dioxide is removed by a degassing tower;
step 2, conveying the sulfur dioxide flue gas from the top of the storage tank and the sulfur dioxide gas removed from the degassing tower into a cooling tower through a pipeline, conveying the dilute acid into a plate heat exchanger through a second dilute acid circulating pump for cooling, then conveying into the cooling tower, spraying the dilute acid from the upper part to reduce the temperature of the flue gas to 40-50 ℃, then conveying into an electric demister, collecting acid mist captured by the electric demister, conveying into the cooling tower, and participating in the circulation of the dilute acid;
step 3, enabling supernatant diluted acid sent from the inclined tube settler to enter a neutralization tank, adding slaked lime into the neutralization tank for neutralization reaction, and enabling the pH value of the slurry to reach 7-9; the neutralization reaction temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the neutralization reaction time is 2-4 h;
and 4, after the step 3, sending the slurry into a plate-and-frame filter press through a slurry pump to complete solid-liquid separation, wherein the solid product is desulfurized gypsum residue, and the liquid is sent into a neutralization pond to be stored and then is recycled into a cooling tower through a clean water pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the lime neutralized calcium sulfite wastewater is used for replacing primary water, so that the lime neutralized calcium sulfite wastewater which cannot be directly discharged is purified and regenerated while the flue gas is purified, evaporated water is supplemented into a sulfuric acid product, and the acid making process is not obviously influenced;
(2) by utilizing the principle that sulfur dioxide converts calcium sulfite into calcium hydrogen sulfite with high solubility under an acidic condition, no scaling occurs in the process of adiabatic evaporation and concentration of calcium sulfite wastewater, and the risk of equipment facility blockage is eliminated;
(3) lime-neutralized calcium sulfite wastewater circulates between a waste acid treatment process and a flue gas purification process, components harmful to acid production in flue gas are sent to the waste acid treatment process for solidification and separation, calcium sulfite wastewater which cannot be directly discharged is returned to the flue gas purification process, one part of the calcium sulfite wastewater is evaporated and regenerated, the other part of the calcium sulfite wastewater participates in circulation, and reasonable utilization of resources is realized;
(4) the limited heat energy carried by the low-temperature flue gas is fully utilized, so that the lime neutralization calcium sulfite wastewater is evaporated and purified, and the energy consumption for treating the calcium sulfite wastewater is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for purifying wastewater by using the waste heat of acid production from smelting flue gas.
1. The system comprises a washing tower, 2 a storage tank, 3 a cooling tower, 4 a plate heat exchanger, 5 an electric demister, 6 an inclined tube settler, 7 a first dilute acid circulating pump, 8 a second dilute acid circulating pump, 9 a degassing tower, 10 a neutralization pond, 11 a slurry pump, 12 a plate and frame filter press, 13 a neutralization water tank and 14 a clean water pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a system for purifying waste water by utilizing waste heat of acid preparation by smelting flue gas, which comprises a washing tower 1, wherein the outlet of the washing tower 1 is connected with a storage tank 2, the storage tank 2 is connected with a cooling tower 3 through a pipeline, the outlet at the top of the cooling tower 3 is connected with an electric demister 5, the outlet at the bottom of the electric demister 5 is connected with a second dilute acid circulating pump 8, the cooling tower 3 is also connected with the second dilute acid circulating pump 8, the second dilute acid circulating pump 8 is respectively connected with a plate heat exchanger 4 and the storage tank 2, the plate heat exchanger 4 is connected with the cooling tower 3, the outlet at the bottom of the storage tank 2 is also connected with a first dilute acid circulating pump 7, the first dilute acid circulating pump 7 is connected with an inclined tube settler 6, the system also comprises a degassing tower 9, the outlet at the top of the degassing tower 9 is connected with the storage tank 2, the outlet at the bottom of the degassing tower 9 is connected with a neutralization tank 10, the outlet at the bottom of the neutralization tank 10 is connected with a plate-frame filter press 12 through a slurry pump 11, the outlet of the plate-frame 12 is connected with a neutralization water tank 13, the neutralization water tank 13 is connected with a clean water pump 14, and the clean water pump 14 is connected with the cooling tower 3; the inclined tube settler 6 is also connected with a neutralization pond 10; the degassing tower 9 is also connected with the washing tower 1; a slaked lime feeding port is arranged on the neutralization pond 10;
the invention is a kind of utilizationThe system for purifying waste water by using the waste heat generated in acid making by smelting flue gas has the specific working principle that: in the flue gas purification process, low-temperature flue gas (the temperature is less than 200 ℃) containing sulfur dioxide is introduced into a washing tower 1, a part of circulating dilute acid sent by a first dilute acid circulating pump 7 is sprayed by a spray head and is impacted and washed oppositely, the flue gas and the dilute acid enter a storage tank 2, the other part of the flue gas is sent to an inclined tube settler 6 to separate solid particles enriched in circulating liquid, after a certain sulfuric acid concentration or fluoride concentration or other conditions are reached, a part of the dilute acid is extracted, sulfur dioxide is removed by a degassing tower 9, and then the flue gas is sent to a waste acid treatment process for treatment; the sulfur dioxide flue gas coming out of the top of the storage tank 2 and the sulfur dioxide gas removed from the degassing tower 9 are sent into a cooling tower 3 through a pipeline, rise in the tower to pass through a filler, flow in a reverse direction with the cooling dilute acid flowing down above the filler, pass through a demister, then are cooled to about 40 ℃, are discharged from the top and are sent into an electric demister 5; a certain diluted acid liquid level is kept at the bottom of the cooling tower 3, a part of the diluted acid is sent to the plate heat exchanger 4 through the second diluted acid circulating pump 8 to be cooled and then sent to the cooling tower, the diluted acid is sprayed to flow downwards from the upper part of the filler to cool the flue gas, and the other part of the diluted acid is sent to the storage tank 2 to supplement the water consumed by adiabatic evaporation in the storage tank 2; the flue gas entering the electric demister 5 is subjected to the action of a wet electrostatic field to remove carried acid mist, and then enters a conversion acid making process; the acid mist collected by the electric demister 5 is sent into the cooling tower 3 after being collected, and participates in the circulation of the dilute acid; the supernatant dilute acid from the tube settler 6 enters the neutralization tank 10 and neutralizes the added slaked lime to bring the slurry to pH 8. Sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide in dilute acid react with fluoride, arsenide and calcium in hydrated lime respectively to form CaSO slightly soluble in water3、CaSO4And CaF which is hardly soluble in water2、Ca3(AsO4)2So that the fluoride and arsenide which have the risk of harm to the environment are solidified, and other heavy metal ions react with the hydrated lime to form precipitates to be solidified. After the dilute acid is neutralized in the neutralization tank 10, the slurry is sent to a plate-and-frame filter press 12 through a slurry pump 11 to complete solid-liquid separation, the solid product is desulfurized gypsum slag, the liquid is called lime neutralized calcium sulfite wastewater and is sent to a neutralization tank 13 to be storedStored and then recycled to the cooling tower 3 through a clean water pump 14.
The invention relates to a process for purifying waste water by using the waste heat of acid preparation by smelting flue gas, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, introducing flue gas containing sulfur dioxide into a washing tower 1, then performing impact washing with a part of circulating dilute acid in a first dilute acid circulating pump 7, and introducing the flue gas into a storage tank 2; the other part of the circulating diluted acid is carried out in an inclined tube settler 6, the enriched solid particles are separated, and then the diluted acid enters a neutralization tank 10 after sulfur dioxide is removed by a degassing tower 9;
the temperature of the flue gas of the sulfur dioxide is less than 200 ℃;
step 2, feeding the sulfur dioxide flue gas coming out of the top of the storage tank 2 and the sulfur dioxide gas removed from the degassing tower 9 into a cooling tower 3 through a pipeline, feeding the dilute acid into a plate heat exchanger 4 through a second dilute acid circulating pump 8 for cooling, then feeding the dilute acid into the cooling tower 3, spraying the dilute acid from the upper part to reduce the temperature of the flue gas to 40-50 ℃, then feeding the flue gas into an electric demister 5, and feeding the collected acid mist collected by the electric demister 5 into the cooling tower 3 to participate in the dilute acid circulation;
step 3, enabling supernatant diluted acid sent from the inclined tube settler 6 to enter a neutralization tank 10, and adding slaked lime into the neutralization tank 10 for neutralization reaction to enable the pH value of the slurry to reach 7-9;
the neutralization reaction temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the neutralization reaction time is 2-4 h;
and 4, after the step 3, sending the slurry into a plate-and-frame filter press 12 through a slurry pump 11 to complete solid-liquid separation, wherein the solid product is desulfurized gypsum residue, and the liquid is sent into a neutralization water tank 13 to be stored and then is recycled into the cooling tower 3 through a clean water pump 14.
The invention relates to a system for purifying waste water by utilizing waste heat of acid preparation from smelting flue gas, which sprays the neutralized sulfite waste water after the neutralization treatment of lime slurry into sulfur dioxide-containing flue gas through a reuse washing tower, removes sulfite radicals in the waste water through reaction, and reduces COD in the waste water to below 50 mg/L. The flue gas purification process is circulated until the acid concentration reaches the specified index, or the fluoride concentration reaches the specified index, and then the flue gas is sent to a waste acid treatment process, most of fluoride, arsenide and related metal ions are removed by slaked lime neutralization, and after solid-liquid separation, the flue gas is sent to the flue gas purification process by a circulating pump to continue to participate in the next circulation.
Claims (6)
1. The system for purifying wastewater by utilizing the waste heat generated in acid making by smelting flue gas comprises a washing tower (1), wherein an outlet of the washing tower (1) is connected with a storage tank (2), the storage tank (2) is connected with a cooling tower (3) through a pipeline, an outlet at the top of the cooling tower (3) is connected with an electric demister (5), an outlet at the bottom of the electric demister (5) is connected with a second dilute acid circulating pump (8), the cooling tower (3) is also connected with the second dilute acid circulating pump (8), the second dilute acid circulating pump (8) is respectively connected with a plate heat exchanger (4) and a storage tank (2), the plate heat exchanger (4) is connected with the cooling tower (3), an outlet at the bottom of the storage tank (2) is also connected with a first dilute acid circulating pump (7), the first dilute acid circulating pump (7) is connected with an inclined tube settler (6), and the degassing tower (9), degassing tower (9) top exit linkage holding vessel (2), degassing tower (9) bottom exit linkage neutralization pond (10), neutralization pond (10) bottom export is through sediment stuff pump (11) connection plate frame filter press (12), plate frame filter press (12) exit linkage neutralization pond (13), clear water pump (14) is connected in neutralization pond (13), cooling tower (3) is connected in clear water pump (14).
2. The system for purifying wastewater by using the afterheat of the acid production from the smelting flue gas as recited in claim 1, wherein the inclined tube settler (6) is further connected with a neutralization pond (10).
3. The system for purifying wastewater by using the waste heat of acid production from smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degassing tower (9) is further connected with the washing tower (1).
4. The system for purifying wastewater by using the waste heat of acid making from smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a slaked lime feeding port is arranged on the neutralization pond (10).
5. A process for purifying wastewater by using the waste heat of acid preparation by smelting flue gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, introducing the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide with the temperature of less than 200 ℃ into a washing tower (1), then impacting and washing with a part of circulating dilute acid in a first dilute acid circulating pump (7), and entering a storage tank (2); the other part of the circulating diluted acid is carried out in an inclined tube settler (6), the enriched solid particles are separated, and then the diluted acid enters a neutralization tank (10) after sulfur dioxide is removed by a degassing tower (9);
step 2, feeding sulfur dioxide flue gas coming out of the top of the storage tank (2) and sulfur dioxide gas removed from a degassing tower (9) into a cooling tower (3) through a pipeline, feeding dilute acid into a plate heat exchanger (4) through a second dilute acid circulating pump (8) for cooling, then feeding the cooled dilute acid into the cooling tower (3), spraying the dilute acid to flow from the upper part, reducing the temperature of the flue gas to 40-50 ℃, then feeding the cooled dilute acid into an electric demister (5), collecting acid mist collected by the electric demister (5), and then feeding the collected acid mist into the cooling tower (3) to participate in dilute acid circulation;
step 3, enabling supernatant diluted acid sent from the inclined tube settler (6) to enter a neutralization tank (10), adding slaked lime into the neutralization tank (10) for neutralization reaction, and enabling the pH value of the slurry to reach 7-9;
and 4, after the step 3, sending the slurry into a plate-and-frame filter press (12) through a slurry pump (11) to complete solid-liquid separation, wherein the solid product is desulfurized gypsum residue, and the liquid is sent into a neutralization water tank (13) to be stored and then is recycled into the cooling tower (3) through a clean water pump (14).
6. The process for purifying wastewater by using the waste heat of acid production from smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the neutralization reaction temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the neutralization reaction time is 2-4 h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111118050.6A CN113680188A (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | System and process for purifying wastewater by using waste heat of acid preparation from smelting flue gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111118050.6A CN113680188A (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | System and process for purifying wastewater by using waste heat of acid preparation from smelting flue gas |
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