CN113675867A - Method and device for recovering toughness of power distribution network of electric bus - Google Patents
Method and device for recovering toughness of power distribution network of electric bus Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
- H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
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- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for recovering toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process; constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model. The method helps the power grid to realize toughness recovery by constructing a combined network of the power grid and the electric bus, and simultaneously determines a scheduling scheme under the condition of a function optimal solution by constructing a function model for recovering scheduling, so that the maximization of the sum of the toughness recovery of the power grid and the operation utility of the electric bus is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a method and a device for recovering toughness of a public transportation distribution network containing electric power.
Background
Along with the development of the urbanization process, the scale and the importance of urban infrastructure become more and more prominent, and the normal operation of the urban infrastructure cannot be left in daily life of urban residents. As an important component of an urban infrastructure system, the safety and reliability of a power system are important guarantees of social production and people's life. However, in recent years, the frequency of extreme weather increases, the number of large-scale power failure accidents caused by natural disasters tends to increase worldwide, and the number of power failure accidents caused by natural disasters is increasing. Power failure accidents with small probability and high loss caused by natural disasters, man-made attacks and other events have become a main threat to power systems. The toughness of the power system can be improved, so that the loss of the system under extreme conditions can be effectively reduced, and the importance of the toughness in the research of the power system is increasingly highlighted.
The development of the electrified traffic technology has great potential in improving the toughness level of the urban electric power system, but the prior art does not couple the electric power system with the traffic system to improve the toughness of the electric power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for restoring toughness of a power distribution network containing an electric bus, which are used for solving the defect that the toughness of a power system is improved by coupling the power system and a traffic system in the prior art and realizing the coupling operation of the power system and the traffic system to improve the toughness of the power system.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for restoring toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, which comprises the following steps:
constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process;
constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model;
and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
The invention provides a method for recovering toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, wherein the power distribution network model comprises the following steps:
wherein,
represents the collection of all the nodes of the distribution network,
representing a set of physical lines in a distribution network, wherein all lines (i, j) satisfy i<j，
Representing a collection of "virtual lines" in a power distribution network,
represents the collection of faulty lines in the distribution network,
representing a collection of power nodes in a distribution network, including a main network and distributed power sources, uiRepresenting the charged state of the ith node,
represents the active/reactive load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t period,
representing the real/reactive load generation, P, of the ith node during the t-th periodij,t/Qij,tRepresenting the active/reactive transfer capacity, V, of the line (i, j) during the t-th periodi,tVoltage amplitude, f, representing the t-th period of the i-th nodei L"virtual demand", f for node iijRepresenting "virtual demand", s, conveyed by the line (i, j)ijRepresenting the state of the line (i, j),
representing the state of the positive side of the line (i, j),
representing the state of the opposite side of the line (i, j), ωiRepresenting the load importance degree of the ith node, T representing the total time period for the recovery of the power distribution network,
represents the upper limit of the active/reactive load of the ith node,
represents the lower limit of the active/reactive load of the ith node,
represents the upper limit of the active/reactive power output of the ith node,
represents the lower limit of the active/reactive power output of the ith node,
represents the upper/lower limit of the capacity of the line (i, j), Rij/XijRepresents the resistance/reactance of the line (i, j),
representing the ith node voltage upper/lower limit.
The invention provides a method for restoring toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, wherein the electric bus model comprises the following steps:
wherein,
represents a collection of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes, u, of the distribution networkiRepresenting the charged state of the ith node, T representing the total time period for recovering the power distribution network, RiRepresenting the number of electric buses rented by the ith node,
electric bus load, beta, representing the ith time period of the ith nodei，tRepresenting the number of electric buses charged in the t-th time period of the ith node, ci，t/di，tRepresenting the number of electric buses charged/discharged in the t-th period of the ith node,
representing the charging/discharging electric quantity of the electric bus at the t-th time period of the ith node, SoCi，tRepresenting the total state, Cap, of the rented electric bus battery at the ith node in the t-th time periodiRepresenting the carrying capacity of the connection of the charging station of the ith node with the electric bus,
representing the electric quantity required by daily maintenance operation of the ith node electric bus,
representing the total quantity of electric buses/the minimum quantity of the maintenance bus service operation to which the ith node belongs,
represents the upper/lower limit of the state percentage of the electric bus battery,
represents the upper limit of the charging/discharging power of an electric bus battery, EbusRepresenting the total battery capacity, eta, of an electric busc/ηdRepresenting the electric bus battery charge/discharge efficiency, and deltat representing the duration of each time period.
The invention provides a method for restoring toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, wherein the method for constructing a target function model for restoring and dispatching the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus comprises the following steps:
determining a first worst utility of a power distribution network owner and a second worst utility of the power distribution network owner when the power distribution network is not supplied with power by the electric bus;
determining a first utility of an electric distribution network owner and a second utility of the electric bus owner when an electric bus supplies power to the electric distribution network;
determining a first improvement utility of the power distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;
determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;
determining the function model according to a product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.
According to the method for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus, which is provided by the invention, the number of the electric buses which are mobilized to supply power to the power distribution network is determined by acquiring the optimal value of the function model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of electric buses rented by the power distribution network;
determining a first maximum utility of an owner of a power distribution network renting the number of electric buses;
determining a second maximum utility of the electric bus owner on the premise of the first maximum utility;
step two: determining whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;
step three: if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be optimal solutions, determining the charging power of the electric bus to a charging station or the operation load of the electric bus;
and if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be not the optimal solution, repeating the first step and the second step.
The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus comprises the following steps of:
the first model is:
wherein u isgridRepresenting a first utility of the owner of the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes of the distribution network, Y representing the total time period number of the recovery of the distribution network, omegaiRepresenting the importance of the load of the ith node,
and representing the active load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t-th time period.
According to the method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus, provided by the invention, the second effect is obtained through a second model:
the second model is:
wherein u isbusRepresents the second utility of the electric bus owner,
represents a node set with electric public transport charging stations in the power distribution network, T represents the total time period number of the power distribution network recovery,
electric bus load representing the ith time period of the ith node, EbusRepresenting the energy required by the electric bus for every kilometer of running; cbusRepresenting the public service value of the electric bus for every kilometer of the electric bus.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for recovering the toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, comprising:
the first processing module is used for constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process;
the second processing module is used for constructing a function model containing electric bus distribution network toughness recovery scheduling based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model;
and the third processing module is used for determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the method for recovering the toughness of the electric public transportation power distribution network.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for toughness restoration of an electric public transportation power distribution network as described in any one of the above.
The method and the device for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the invention have the advantages that a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in the process of recovering the toughness of the power distribution network are constructed; further, a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses is constructed based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; the function model is combined with benefits of the electric power system and the electric public transportation system, then, the maximum value of the benefits in the electric power system and the electric public transportation system is judged by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, and then the quantity of the electric public transportation for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric public transportation to the charging station or the operation load of the electric public transportation are determined according to the maximum value. According to the invention, by constructing a combined network of the power grid and the electric bus, the toughness recovery of the power grid is facilitated, and the maximization of social benefits is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recovering the toughness of an electric public transportation power distribution network provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution network structure after a "virtual node" is added;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the calculation of the toughness recovery scheduling of the electric bus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus, provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following describes, with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 2, a method for restoring toughness of a public transportation distribution network including electric power, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including:
step 100: constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process;
in particular, common electrified vehicles also have potential in restoring grid toughness. The electric vehicles, the electric buses and other vehicles can be approximately regarded as mobile energy storage equipment to assist in restoring the toughness of the power grid. But the energy interaction of the electrified vehicle and the grid must rely on an energy interface. The recovery of the coordinated toughness of the electrified traffic and the power distribution network refers to the rapid recovery of key load power supply by combining with electrified traffic power supply resources after an extreme disaster occurs.
The cooperative and flexible survival of the electrified traffic and the power distribution network refers to the reliable and durable emergency power supply capacity formed by combining power supply resources of the electrified traffic when dealing with long-time disasters (such as flood, extreme cold and the like). The coupling of the traffic system and the power distribution network increases emergency power supply resources of the power distribution network, enriches a tough survival scheme and increases a tough survival limiting condition. Faults of the power distribution network and a traffic system often affect each other, the allocation cost of emergency resources is changed, and the complexity of the toughness survival problem is increased.
To ensure efficient operation of the distribution network, it is desirable to operate the distribution network in a radial configuration. Therefore, the model introduces a directed graph concept in graph theory to model the power distribution network.
Referring to fig. 2, a power distribution network in normal operation may be modeled by using a tree in graph theory, where load nodes in the whole power distribution network are regarded as leaf nodes of the tree, and lines are regarded as edges of the tree. In a flexible recovery scenario, the distribution network may be divided into island regions rooted at Distributed Generator (DG) nodes. In order to ensure that the divided island regions can keep radial operation in the topology reconstruction under the fault scene, the concept of 'virtual nodes' and 'virtual loads' is introduced into the model to form a virtual network. The following briefly introduces the related concepts:
(1) on the basis of the original distribution network, a "virtual node" (number i ═ 0) is added to the network. The 'virtual branch' which can be disconnected connects the 'virtual node' with the DG node in the power distribution network, and the 'virtual node' does not generate or consume active power per se;
(2) each non-powered node has a "virtual demand" of 1 unit, provided by the "virtual node". The "virtual demand" is communicated through a "virtual branch" and a power supply branch in the power distribution network.
(3) Each branch comprises two directed edges in the positive and negative directions, and the small node with the serial number points to the node with the large serial number and is in the positive direction, otherwise, the node is in the negative direction. The positive and negative sides only have 1 at most and can be closed, and the direction keeps the same with the direction of active power or virtual power.
After traditional topology reconstruction, the power distribution network can form one or more radial running areas, and through introducing the virtual nodes, although the power distribution network can be divided into isolated islands physically, a complete tree taking the virtual nodes as root nodes can be formed topologically, so that on one hand, calculation of a power distribution network reconstruction model is facilitated, and on the other hand, convenience is provided for power distribution network topology analysis.
For the reconstruction calculation of the power distribution network, the model constraint conditions can be divided into two types of topology constraint and power flow constraint.
To ensure that the reconstructed topology structure of the power distribution network keeps radial, the following constraint conditions can be written:
equation (1) represents the line state constraint: as long as 1 direction of the positive side and the reverse side of the circuit is closed, the circuit is closed; the formula (2) ensures that the current direction of the line is only 1 direction at most; the formula (3) ensures that the degree of entry of the 'virtual node' 0 is 0, namely the 'virtual node' is a root node; the expression (4) represents the output degree of the virtual node, namely the number of divided areas after the power distribution network is reconstructed; equation (5) indicates that the degree of entry of any node is not greater than 1, because each node can only have 1 parent node in a radial structure; formula (6) indicates that the degree of entry of any node is not less than the charged state of the current node, and in combination with formula (5), the degree of entry of the node is forced to be 1 when the node is charged, which indicates that only one parent node is required to supply power to the node when the node is charged; equation (7) requires that the line status of the faulty line is open.
The equation (8) ensures that the line state is consistent with the nodes at the two ends; equations (9) and (10) are connectivity constraints, reflecting the transmission of "virtual demand" in the virtual network. Since equations (9) and (10) contain quadratic terms, they are converted into two constraints as follows:
and analyzing the power distribution network flow by using a LinDistFlow model in the model. All the following lines (i, j) are sets
And time period t is the time period within the reconstruction duration. The constraints are written as follows:
the formula (13) and the formula (14) respectively represent the active/reactive injection quantity of the power distribution network node; the formulas (15) and (16) represent the upper and lower limit constraints of the active/reactive load of the power distribution network node; the formulas (17) and (18) show that no active/reactive output exists at the non-power supply node; the formulas (19) and (20) represent the active/reactive power output upper and lower limit constraints of the power supply node; equation (21) -equation (24) represent a linearized approximation of the line capacity constraint; equations (25) and (26) represent the relationship between voltage and line current based on the LinDistFlow model; equation (27) represents that the voltage of the power supply node should be a reference voltage (typically 1); equation (28) represents the voltage magnitude constraint for the non-power nodes of the distribution network. Wherein, the coincidence and meaning in the above constraint conditions are shown as the following table 1:
TABLE 1
In the toughness recovery model of the power distribution network comprising the electric buses, which is considered by the invention, the electric buses are assumed to be assets of electric bus owners and are operated and managed by the electric bus owners. Therefore, if the power distribution network owner wants to use the energy storage resource of the electric bus for toughness recovery, the electric bus owner needs to rent the electric bus and arrange the electric bus to discharge to the power distribution network through the V2G technology.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the electric buses rented by the power grid are treated as the whole static energy storage equipment, a specific certain electric bus is not modeled, and the corresponding bus is assumed to be fixedly positioned at the electric bus charging station during the renting period. The electric bus owner maintains the bus operation without renting the power grid, the bus modeling is used as load processing, and the specific vehicle state and operation mode are not researched. On one hand, the model complexity is reduced, the variable quantity, particularly the quantity of 0-1 variables, is reduced, and the model solving speed is improved; on the other hand, the method is more practical, and the electric bus is rented by considering the fact that the power grid is rented in a renting mode.
The constraint conditions of the electric bus modeling are as follows:
formula (29) represents the load range of the charging station for bus operation in the power distribution network recovery process by the charging station node; the formula (30) represents that the bus operation load does not exceed the upper limit of the load of the bus charged from the charging station in charge of operation; equation (31) represents that the bus load of the non-charging station node is 0; equation (32) represents a constraint condition of the number of rental vehicles of the charging station node; equation (33) represents that the number of rented vehicles at the non-charging station node is 0; equation (34) represents a constraint condition of the total number of charged and discharged vehicles of the rental vehicle of the charging station node; equation (35) represents the upper limit constraint on the number of connections of the charging station node; equations (36) and (37) represent upper and lower limit constraints of electric bus charging/discharging power at the charging station node, and the non-charging station node power is 0; equation (38) represents the total battery state upper and lower constraints for the charging station node rented vehicle; equation (39) represents the timing constraints of the battery status of the charging station node rental vehicle.
Wherein the symbols newly introduced outside table 1 and their meanings are as shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
Step 200: constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model;
specifically, in order to form a power distribution network fault reconstruction model including the electric buses, the final model is integrated based on the above. In order to combine the two-part modeling, the constraint (13) needs to be replaced by the following constraint:
the formula (40) is a node injection power formula considering the electric bus load and the charging and discharging conditions of the rented buses.
In the process of restoring the power distribution network, the power distribution network owner aims to minimize the loss of the power distribution network, and the electric bus owner aims to maintain the bus service as much as possible. The two goals mutually influence in the toughness recovery process, and have both competition relationship and cooperation relationship. The power distribution network owner can reduce disaster loss by means of the electric public transport electric quantity of the electric public transport owner when the power distribution network is recovered, and the toughness level of the power distribution network is enhanced. When an electric bus owner is in a disaster-stricken period of a power distribution network, if the electric bus owner maintains bus service according to a normal operation mode, the risk that the power distribution network loses power supply capacity and the bus service is difficult to continue is faced; if the electric bus owner provides partial electric bus electric quantity, the key recovery stage of the power distribution network is supported, the overall loss of the power distribution network can be reduced, the reliability of public transport is enhanced although the bus transport capacity is lost to a certain extent, and the risk of losing the support of the power distribution network completely is avoided. In the scene of the invention, both the power distribution network owner and the electric bus owner want to improve the self utility as much as possible, and meanwhile, the worst case of non-cooperation is avoided, and a cooperative balance point needs to be searched. This problem is thus applicable to the Nash bargaining counter game.
According to the optimization problem expression of the bargaining and price-offering game, the objective function of the distribution network toughness recovery scheduling model containing the electric bus can be obtained
(ugrid-dgrid)(ubus-dbus) (41)
In the formula ugrid，dgridA utility function and a worst utility representing an owner of the power distribution network; u. ofbus，dbusUtility function and worst utility of electric bus owners.
Step 300: and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
Specifically, the optimal transfer scheme is determined by determining the maximum value of the objective function, namely by determining the maximum value of the utility increase value of the power grid owner and the utility increase value of the electric bus owner.
The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus comprises the steps of constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in the process of recovering the toughness of the power distribution network; further, a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses is constructed based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; the function model is combined with benefits of the electric power system and the electric public transportation system, then, the maximum value of the benefits in the electric power system and the electric public transportation system is judged by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, and then the quantity of the electric public transportation for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric public transportation to the charging station or the operation load of the electric public transportation are determined according to the maximum value. According to the invention, by constructing a combined network of the power grid and the electric bus, the toughness recovery of the power grid is facilitated, and the maximization of social benefits is realized.
According to the method for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the method for constructing the objective function model of the toughness restoring scheduling of the power distribution network of the electric bus comprises the following steps:
determining a first worst utility of a power distribution network owner and a second worst utility of the power distribution network owner when the power distribution network is not supplied with power by the electric bus;
determining a first utility of an electric distribution network owner and a second utility of the electric bus owner when an electric bus supplies power to the electric distribution network;
determining a first improvement utility of the power distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;
determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;
determining the function model according to a product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.
In particular, the worst utility d is calculatedgrid，dbus. The worst utility is that the utility of the power distribution network owner and the electric bus owner is considered under the condition of no cooperation, at the moment, the electric bus does not supply power to the power grid, namely, the constraint condition is increased:
the meaning of the method is that each charging station rented vehicle is 0, namely, the owner of the distribution network does not cooperate with the owner of the electric public transport.
Under the premise that the two are not matched, the electric bus running load is also used as a power grid load recovery target and is assigned with a corresponding weight omegabus. The objective function is modified as follows:
namely, under the condition that cooperation does not exist between the power distribution network and the electric bus, the maximum utility of the power distribution network and the electric bus is the worst utility of the power distribution network and the electric bus.
The first utility is obtained by a first model:
the first model is:
wherein u isgridRepresenting a first utility of the owner of the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes of the distribution network, T represents the total time period number, omega, of the recovery of the distribution networkiRepresenting the importance of the load of the ith node,
and representing the active load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t-th time period.
The second effect is obtained by a second model of:
the second model is:
wherein u isbusRepresents the second utility of the electric bus owner,
represents a node set with electric public transport charging stations in the power distribution network, T represents the total time period number of the power distribution network recovery,
electric bus load representing the ith time period of the ith node, EbusRepresenting the energy required by the electric bus for every kilometer of running; cbusRepresenting the public service value of the electric bus for every kilometer of the electric bus.
Then, determining a first improvement utility of the power distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility; determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility; and determining the function model according to the product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.
According to the method for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the number of the electric buses for transferring to supply power to the power distribution network is determined by acquiring the optimal value of the function model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of electric buses rented by the power distribution network;
determining a first maximum utility of an owner of a power distribution network renting the number of electric buses;
determining a second maximum utility of the electric bus owner on the premise of the first maximum utility;
step two: determining whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;
step three: if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be optimal solutions, determining the charging power of the electric bus to a charging station or the operation load of the electric bus;
and if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be not the optimal solution, repeating the first step and the second step.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, in the actual solution process, the original problem objective function includes a product of decision variables, and the solution is complex. In order to reduce the calculation complexity, the number R of the electric buses is fixed in each calculation, namely the following constraints are added:
and converting the problem into a dual-target optimization problem in calculation, and searching a pareto optimal solution. The process is briefly introduced as follows:
(1) with maxugridOptimizing the objective function to obtain the public at the momentUtility of interaction ubus,min；
(2) With maxugridOptimizing a target function, gradually improving the public transport utility lower bound, and increasing the following constraint conditions:
ubus≥(1+γ)ubus,min (47)
wherein gamma is a step length for improving the lower bound of public transport utility, and pareto frontier under a certain number of rents is obtained by the method;
(3) the pareto optimum is found in the pareto front.
Through the calculation process, the model in calculation is converted into the MILP problem, and the MILP problem can be solved through a mature commercial solver. By the method, the power distribution network recovery scheduling scheme in the disaster with balanced benefits of the public transport company and the power grid company can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for restoring toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus, including:
the first processing module 41 is used for constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process;
the second processing module 42 is configured to construct a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network including the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model;
and the third processing module 43 is configured to determine, by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, the number of electric buses that are mobilized to supply power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station, or the operation load of the electric buses.
Since the apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for executing the method described in the above embodiment, and the operation principle and the beneficial effect are similar, detailed descriptions are omitted here, and specific contents can be referred to the description of the above embodiment.
The device for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus comprises a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in the process of recovering the toughness of the power distribution network; further, a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses is constructed based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; the function model is combined with benefits of the electric power system and the electric public transportation system, then, the maximum value of the benefits in the electric power system and the electric public transportation system is judged by obtaining the optimal value of the function model, and then the quantity of the electric public transportation for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric public transportation to the charging station or the operation load of the electric public transportation are determined according to the maximum value. According to the invention, by constructing a combined network of the power grid and the electric bus, the toughness recovery of the power grid is facilitated, and the maximization of social benefits is realized.
According to the device for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution network model in the first processing module 41 is as follows:
wherein,
represents the collection of all the nodes of the distribution network,
representing a set of physical lines in a distribution network, wherein all lines (i, j) satisfy i<j，
Representing a collection of "virtual lines" in a power distribution network,
represents the collection of faulty lines in the distribution network,
representing a collection of power nodes in a distribution network, including a main network and distributed power sources, uiRepresenting the charged state of the ith node,
represents the active/reactive load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t period,
representing the real/reactive load generation, P, of the ith node during the t-th periodij,t/Qij,tRepresenting the active/reactive transfer capacity, V, of the line (i, j) during the t-th periodi,tVoltage amplitude, f, representing the t-th period of the i-th nodei L"virtual demand", f for node iijRepresenting "virtual demand", s, conveyed by the line (i, j)ijRepresenting the state of the line (i, j),
representing the state of the positive side of the line (i, j),
representing the state of the opposite side of the line (i, j), ωiRepresenting the load importance degree of the ith node, T representing the total time period for the recovery of the power distribution network,
represents the upper limit of the active/reactive load of the ith node,
represents the lower limit of the active/reactive load of the ith node,
represents the upper limit of the active/reactive power output of the ith node,
represents the lower limit of the active/reactive power output of the ith node,
represents the upper/lower limit of the capacity of the line (i, j), Rij/XijRepresents the resistance/reactance of the line (i, j),
representing the ith node voltage upper/lower limit.
According to the device for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electric bus model in the first processing module 41 is as follows:
wherein,
represents a collection of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes, u, of the distribution networkiRepresenting the charged state of the ith node, T representing the total time period for recovering the power distribution network, RiRepresenting the number of electric buses rented by the ith node,
electric bus load, beta, representing the ith time period of the ith nodei,tRepresenting the number of electric buses charged in the t-th time period of the ith node, ci,t/di,tRepresenting the number of electric buses charged/discharged in the t-th period of the ith node,
representing the charging/discharging electric quantity of the electric bus at the t-th time period of the ith node, SoCi,tRepresenting the total state, Cap, of the rented electric bus battery at the ith node in the t-th time periodiRepresenting the carrying capacity of the connection of the charging station of the ith node with the electric bus,
representing the electric quantity required by daily maintenance operation of the ith node electric bus,
representing the total quantity of electric buses/the minimum quantity of the maintenance bus service operation to which the ith node belongs,
represents the upper/lower limit of the state percentage of the electric bus battery,
represents the upper limit of the charging/discharging power of an electric bus battery, EbusRepresenting the total battery capacity, eta, of an electric busc/ηdRepresenting the electric bus battery charge/discharge efficiency, and deltat representing the duration of each time period.
According to the device for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the embodiment of the invention, the second processing module 42 is specifically configured to:
determining a first worst utility of a power distribution network owner and a second worst utility of the power distribution network owner when the power distribution network is not supplied with power by the electric bus;
determining a first utility of an electric distribution network owner and a second utility of the electric bus owner when an electric bus supplies power to the electric distribution network;
determining a first improvement utility of the power distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;
determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;
determining the function model according to a product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.
According to the device for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the third processing module 43 is specifically configured to execute:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of electric buses rented by the power distribution network;
determining a first maximum utility of an owner of a power distribution network renting the number of electric buses;
determining a second maximum utility of the electric bus owner on the premise of the first maximum utility;
step two: determining whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;
step three: if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be optimal solutions, determining the charging power of the electric bus to a charging station or the operation load of the electric bus;
and if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be not the optimal solution, repeating the first step and the second step.
According to the device for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first model in the third processing module 43 is as follows:
wherein u isgridRepresenting a first utility of the owner of the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes of the distribution network, T represents the total time period number, omega, of the recovery of the distribution networkiRepresenting the importance of the load of the ith node,
and representing the active load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t-th time period.
According to the device for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus provided by the embodiment of the invention, the second model in the third processing module 43 is as follows:
wherein u isbusRepresents the second utility of the electric bus owner,
represents a node set with electric public transport charging stations in the power distribution network, T represents the total time period number of the power distribution network recovery,
electric bus load representing the ith time period of the ith node, EbusRepresenting the energy required by the electric bus for every kilometer of running; cbusRepresenting the public service value of the electric bus for every kilometer of the electric bus.
Fig. 5 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, which may include, as shown in fig. 5: a processor (processor)510, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)520, a memory (memory)530 and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication Interface 520 and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. The processor 510 may call the logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute the method for recovering the toughness of the electric public transportation power distribution network, which includes: constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process; constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 530 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program includes program instructions, when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer can execute a method including electric public transportation distribution network toughness recovery provided by the above methods, the method includes: constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process; constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
In yet another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program being implemented by a processor to perform the method for toughness recovery of an electric public transportation power distribution network, the method comprising: constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process; constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model; and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recovering toughness of a power distribution network of an electric bus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process;
constructing a function model of toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network containing the electric buses based on the power distribution network model and the electric bus model;
and determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
2. The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus according to claim 1, wherein the power distribution network model is as follows:
wherein,
represents the collection of all the nodes of the distribution network,
representing a collection of physical lines in a power distribution network, all lines (i, j) being fullFoot i<j，
Representing a collection of "virtual lines" in a power distribution network,
represents the collection of faulty lines in the distribution network,
representing a collection of power nodes in a distribution network, including a main network and distributed power sources, uiRepresenting the charged state of the ith node,
represents the active/reactive load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t period,
representing the real/reactive load generation, P, of the ith node during the t-th periodij,t/Qij,tRepresenting the active/reactive transfer capacity, V, of the line (i, j) during the t-th periodi,tVoltage amplitude, f, representing the t-th period of the i-th nodei L"virtual demand", f for node iijRepresenting "virtual demand", s, conveyed by the line (i, j)ijRepresenting the state of the line (i, j),
representing the state of the positive side of the line (i, j),
representing the state of the opposite side of the line (i, j), ωiRepresenting the load importance degree of the ith node, T representing the total time period for the recovery of the power distribution network,
represents the upper limit of the active/reactive load of the ith node,
represents the lower limit of the active/reactive load of the ith node,
represents the upper limit of the active/reactive power output of the ith node,
represents the lower limit of the active/reactive power output of the ith node,
represents the upper/lower limit of the capacity of the line (i, j), Rij/XijRepresents the resistance/reactance of the line (i, j),
representing the ith node voltage upper/lower limit.
3. The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus according to claim 1, wherein the electric bus model is as follows:
wherein,
represents a collection of nodes with electric bus charging stations in the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes, u, of the distribution networkiRepresenting the charged state of the ith node, T representing the total time period for recovering the power distribution network, RiRepresenting the number of electric buses rented by the ith node,
electric bus load, beta, representing the ith time period of the ith nodei，tRepresenting the number of electric buses charged in the t-th time period of the ith node, ci，t/di，tRepresenting the number of electric buses charged/discharged in the t-th period of the ith node,
representing the charging/discharging electric quantity of the electric bus at the t-th time period of the ith node, SoCi，tRepresenting the total state, Cap, of the rented electric bus battery at the ith node in the t-th time periodiRepresenting the carrying capacity of the connection of the charging station of the ith node with the electric bus,
representing the electric quantity required by daily maintenance operation of the ith node electric bus,
representing the total quantity of electric buses/the minimum quantity of the maintenance bus service operation to which the ith node belongs,
represents the upper/lower limit of the state percentage of the electric bus battery,
represents the upper limit of the charging/discharging power of an electric bus battery, EbusRepresenting the total battery capacity, eta, of an electric busc/ηdRepresenting the electric bus battery charge/discharge efficiency, and deltat representing the duration of each time period.
4. The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus according to claim 1, wherein the method for constructing the objective function model of the toughness recovery scheduling of the power distribution network of the electric bus comprises the following steps:
determining a first worst utility of a power distribution network owner and a second worst utility of the power distribution network owner when the power distribution network is not supplied with power by the electric bus;
determining a first utility of an electric distribution network owner and a second utility of the electric bus owner when an electric bus supplies power to the electric distribution network;
determining a first improvement utility of the power distribution network owner according to the first utility and the first worst utility;
determining a second improved utility of the electric bus owner according to the second utility and the second latest utility;
determining the function model according to a product of the first improved utility and the second improved utility.
5. The method for restoring the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus according to claim 1, wherein the determining the number of the electric buses to be mobilized to supply power to the power distribution network by obtaining the optimal value of the function model specifically comprises:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of electric buses rented by the power distribution network;
determining a first maximum utility of an owner of a power distribution network renting the number of electric buses;
determining a second maximum utility of the electric bus owner on the premise of the first maximum utility;
step two: determining whether the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are optimal solutions;
step three: if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be optimal solutions, determining the charging power of the electric bus to a charging station or the operation load of the electric bus;
and if the first maximized utility and the second maximized utility are judged to be not the optimal solution, repeating the first step and the second step.
6. The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus according to claim 4, wherein the first utility is obtained through a first model:
the first model is:
wherein u isgridRepresenting a first utility of the owner of the distribution network,
representing the set of all nodes of the distribution network, Y representing the total time period number of the recovery of the distribution network, omegaiRepresenting the importance of the load of the ith node,
and representing the active load recovery quantity of the ith node in the t-th time period.
7. The method for recovering the toughness of the power distribution network of the electric bus according to claim 4, wherein the second utility is obtained through a second model:
the second model is:
wherein u isbusRepresents the second utility of the electric bus owner,
represents a node set with electric public transport charging stations in the power distribution network, T represents the total time period number of the power distribution network recovery,
electric bus load representing the ith time period of the ith node, EbusRepresenting the energy required by the electric bus for every kilometer of running; cbusPublic service representing one kilometer per driving of electric busAnd (4) value.
8. The utility model provides a device that contains electric public transit distribution network toughness and resume which characterized in that includes:
the first processing module is used for constructing a power distribution network model with a radial topological structure and an electric bus model in a power distribution network toughness recovery process;
the second processing module is used for constructing a function model containing electric bus distribution network toughness recovery scheduling based on the distribution network model and the electric bus model;
and the third processing module is used for determining the quantity of the electric buses for supplying power to the power distribution network, the charging power of the electric buses to the charging station or the operation load of the electric buses by acquiring the optimal value of the function model.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method for restoring toughness of an electric public transportation power distribution network according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for restoring toughness of an electric public transportation power distribution network according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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