CN113672679A - Method and system for restoring historical table structure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a database data replication technology, and discloses a method and a system for restoring a history table structure, which are applied to a data synchronization system, wherein the method comprises the following steps of; recording the structure information of a reference database table, and acquiring the information of all table structures in the database, wherein the structure information is the structure information of the reference database table; recording all database table change operation information; and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time, and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time according to the structure information of the reference database table and the change operation information of the database table. By the method, all the table change history operations DDL (SQL) before the moment and the data table structure information can be applied (applied) at any moment, and the complete table structure information at the specified moment can be restored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a database data replication technology, in particular to a method and a system for restoring a history table structure.
Background
In a database synchronization middleware (CDC) technology based on log parsing, a table structure Event (TableMap Event) in a log stream is obtained by receiving and parsing database log stream data, where the TableMap Event object only includes basic description information of a table, such as the number of columns, column precision, and storage format of subsequent data, but does not include key information such as column name, column code, and column type, so that for a subsequent complete parsing of real data, complete table structure information needs to be obtained in this step, and in an existing solution, technical means such as a reverse checking database are used to obtain complete table structure information, but in real service use, such a processing means cannot solve the following problems:
during the time from T0 to T1, the DDL operation of adding columns occurs in the table structure A, and when the binlog of the table in the T0 time period A is processed, the taken table structure is the mirror image of T1, and the situation of column mismatch occurs;
c1 columns are added and C2 columns are deleted from T0-T1, the total number of the columns taken at the time is consistent with that of T0, but the corresponding columns are staggered;
at T0 to T1, DDL of drop table occurs, and at this time, an abnormality occurs in which a table cannot be found when a table structure is held, and the processing of the entire log analysis is always blocked.
For example, patent names, methods, apparatus, systems, and media for tracking database DDL change operations; patent application No.: CN 201910485604.2; the application date is: 2019-06-03; in the patent: after receiving an SQL statement through a preset Structured Query Language (SQL) execution interface, detecting whether the SQL statement meets a preset execution condition; if the SQL statement meets the execution condition, acquiring a first DDL change statement corresponding to the SQL statement after the SQL statement is successfully executed; and acquiring user information of a user corresponding to the SQL statement, and storing the user information and the first DDL change statement into a preset database.
In the prior art, a binlog analysis technology is adopted to identify that a user executes DDL operation on a database, the execution is compared with an original (first DDL snapshot) table structure, and the situation that SQL change initiated by the user and the original table structure are different and used for database health monitoring and the like is tracked; the prior art can not quickly calculate the current table structure information and backtrack historical data or synchronize data with a large amount of time delay.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation that in the prior art, a user executes DDL operation on a database through a binlog analysis technology, the execution is compared with an original (first DDL snapshot) table structure, and SQL change initiated by the user is tracked to be different from the original table structure and used for database health monitoring and other scenes; the prior art can not quickly calculate the current table structure information, has the defects of backtracking historical data or synchronizing data with a large amount of time delay, and provides a method and a system for restoring a historical table structure.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
a method for restoring a history table structure is applied to a data synchronization system, and the method comprises the following steps;
recording the structure information of a reference database table, and acquiring the information of all table structures in the database, wherein the information of all table structures is the structure information of the reference database table;
recording all database table change operation information;
and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time, and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time according to the structure information of the reference database table and the change operation information of the database table.
By the method, all the table change history operations DDL (SQL) before the moment and the data table structure information can be applied (applied) at any moment, and the complete table structure information at the specified moment can be restored
Preferably, the database table change operation information comprises an operation statement for changing the database table and a position pos of an operation in a database log.
Preferably, the method for recording all database table change operation information comprises the steps of capturing the database table change operation information and recording the information as D1; analyzing the database table change operation information, and analyzing the database table change operation information through an SQL analyzer; applying database table change operation information, and executing DDL operation on the database table change operation information analyzed by the SQL analyzer and the reference database table structure information; and outputting the analysis database table.
Preferably, the method for restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time comprises the steps of snapshot saving, wherein the output data analysis table is subjected to snapshot saving, and the stored time point is checkpoint; and determining the structure of the data table at any time point, and constructing the data table structure at any time point according to the database table structure information saved in the snapshot and an incremental DDL (distributed data storage) mode to obtain the data table structure at any time point.
Preferably, the data table structure at any time point is determined to be a data table structure at any time point constructed in a manner of adding increment DDL to database table structure information saved in a snapshot; the trace back point is to any time point Tx, and the corresponding table structure is Tx ═ Cm(checkpoint)+ Dn, where Tx is a table structure at any time; cm is the reference table structure generated by periodic checkpoint, Dn, all DDL records generated by the database table since the most recent Cm.
A system for restoring a historical table structure is applied to a data synchronization system and comprises a module for recording the structure information of a reference database table, a module for recording the change operation information of all database tables and a module for restoring the structure information of the database table of any time point; the recording reference database table structure information module acquires information of all table structures in a database, wherein the information of all table structures is the reference database table structure information;
the database table change operation information recording module is used for recording database table change operation information;
the system comprises a database table structure information restoring module, a database table structure information restoring module and a database table change operation information processing module, wherein the database table structure information restoring module restores the database table structure information of the point at any time according to the reference database table structure information and the database table change operation information.
Preferably, the database table change operation information module comprises an operation statement for changing the database table and a position pos of an operation in the database log.
Preferably, the module for recording all database table change operation information comprises a capture module, an analysis module and a change operation information module;
the capture module is used for acquiring database table change operation information and recording the information as D1; the analysis module is used for analyzing the database table change operation information and analyzing the database table change operation information through an SQL analyzer;
the change operation information module is used for applying database table change operation information and executing DDL operation on the database table change operation information analyzed by the SQL analyzer and the structure information of the reference database table; and outputting the analysis database table.
Preferably, the module for restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time comprises a snapshot storage module and a structure determination module;
the snapshot saving module is used for performing snapshot saving on the output data analysis table, and the time point of the snapshot saving is checkpoint;
the structure determining module is used for determining the structure of the data table at any time point, and constructing the data table structure at any time point according to the database table structure information stored in the snapshot and the incremental DDL mode to obtain the data table structure at any time point.
Preferably, the arbitrary time point data table structure determining module constructs a data table structure of an arbitrary time point in a manner of adding increment DDL to the database table structure information saved in the snapshot; the trace back point is to any time point Tx, and the corresponding table structure is Tx ═ Cm(checkpoint)+ Dn, where Tx is a table structure at any time; cm is the reference table structure generated by periodic checkpoint, Dn, all DDL records generated by the database table since the most recent Cm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the remarkable technical effects that:
the invention can restore the structure information module of the point database table at any time, and the structure information module of the point database table at any time restores the structure information of the point database table at any time according to the structure information of the reference database table and the change operation information of the database table.
The invention provides a method for solving the problem that when a table generates DDL at any time, the current table structure information can be quickly calculated, particularly when historical data is backtracked or binlog data is synchronized to have a large time delay, namely, the current table structure analyzed by the binlog cannot be restored by acquiring the current table structure, the SQL procedure is executed by depending on a latest historical snapshot record (checkpoint) and successive DDL statements and an SQL module (SQL analyzer) to simulate a database, and the application is performed in a memory to restore the table structure information at the specified time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A method for restoring a history table structure is applied to a data synchronization system, and the method comprises the following steps;
recording the structure information of a reference database table, and acquiring the information of all table structures in the database, wherein the information of all table structures is the structure information of the reference database table;
recording all database table change operation information;
and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time, and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time according to the structure information of the reference database table and the change operation information of the database table.
By the method, all table change history operations DDL (SQL) before the moment and the data table structure information can be applied (applied) at any moment, and the complete table structure information database table change operation information at the specified moment is restored to include operation statements for changing the database table and the position pos of the operation in the database log.
The method for recording all database table change operation information comprises the steps of capturing the database table change operation information and recording the information as D1; analyzing the database table change operation information, and analyzing the database table change operation information through an SQL analyzer; applying database table change operation information, and executing DDL operation on the database table change operation information analyzed by the SQL analyzer and the reference database table structure information; and outputting the analysis database table.
The method for restoring the structure information of the point database table at any moment comprises the steps of snapshot saving, wherein the output data analysis table is subjected to snapshot saving, and the stored time point is checkpoint; and determining the structure of the data table at any time point, and constructing the data table structure at any time point according to the database table structure information saved in the snapshot and an incremental DDL (distributed data storage) mode to obtain the data table structure at any time point.
The data table structure at any time point is determined to be a data table structure at any time point in a mode of adding the incremental DDL to the database table structure information saved in the snapshot; the trace back point is to any time point Tx, and the corresponding table structure is Tx ═ Cm(checkpoint)+ Dn, where Tx is a table structure at any time; cm is the reference table structure generated by periodic checkpoint, Dn, the database since the most recent CmTable generated all DDL records.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the system for restoring the historical table structure based on the method for restoring the historical table structure is applied to a data synchronization system and comprises a module for recording the structure information of a reference database table, a module for recording the change operation information of all database tables and a module for restoring the structure information of a point database table at any time; the recording reference database table structure information module acquires information of all table structures in a database, wherein the information of all table structures is reference database table structure information;
the database table change operation information recording module is used for recording database table change operation information;
the system comprises a database table structure information restoring module, a database table structure information restoring module and a database table change operation information processing module, wherein the database table structure information restoring module restores the database table structure information of the point at any time according to the reference database table structure information and the database table change operation information.
The database table change operation information module comprises operation statements for changing the database table and a position pos where the operation is in the database log.
The database table change operation information recording module comprises a capturing module, an analyzing module and a change operation information module;
the capture module is used for acquiring database table change operation information and recording the information as D1; the analysis module is used for analyzing the database table change operation information and analyzing the database table change operation information through an SQL analyzer;
the change operation information module is used for applying database table change operation information and executing DDL operation on the database table change operation information analyzed by the SQL analyzer and the structure information of the reference database table; and outputting the analysis database table.
The module for restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time comprises a snapshot storage module and a structure determination module;
the snapshot saving module is used for performing snapshot saving on the output data analysis table, and the time point of the snapshot saving is checkpoint;
and the structure determining module is used for determining the structure of the data table at any time point, and constructing the data table structure at any time point according to the database table structure information stored in the snapshot and the incremental DDL mode to obtain the data table structure at any time point.
The arbitrary time point data table structure determining module constructs a data table structure of an arbitrary time point in a mode of adding the increment DDL to the database table structure information saved by the snapshot; the trace back point is to any time point Tx, and the corresponding table structure is Tx ═ Cm(checkpoint)+ Dn, where Tx is a table structure at any time; cm is the reference table structure generated by periodic checkpoint, Dn, all DDL records generated by the database table since the most recent Cm.
Example 3
On the basis of the above embodiment, it can be seen from the attached drawings that C0 is initialized checkpoint, and acquires all table structure information; d1 is a DDL in a database log stream, and has a tag with a timestamp T and is used for recording the precedence relationship between different D1/D2; generating checkpoint cm at regular time and saving corresponding checkpoint time stamps; if the user traces back the site to any time point Tx, the corresponding table structure is the combination of checkpoint + ddl increments.
Claims (10)
1. A method for restoring a history table structure is applied to a data synchronization system, and the method comprises the following steps;
recording the structure information of a reference database table, and acquiring all table structure information in the database, wherein the table structure information is the structure information of the reference database table;
recording all database table change operation information;
and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time, and restoring the structure information of the point database table at any time according to the structure information of the reference database table and the change operation information of the database table.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the database table change operation information includes an operation statement for changing the database table and a location pos where the operation is in the database log.
3. The method for restoring the historical table structure according to claim 1, wherein the method for recording all database table change operation information comprises;
capturing database table change operation information and recording the information as D1;
analyzing the database table change operation information, and analyzing the database table change operation information through an SQL analyzer;
applying database table change operation information, and executing DDL operation on the database table change operation information analyzed by the SQL analyzer and the reference database table structure information;
and outputting the analysis database table.
4. The method for restoring the historical table structure according to claim 1, wherein the method for restoring the table structure information of the point database at any time comprises the following steps;
snapshot saving, namely performing snapshot saving on the output data analysis table, wherein the stored time point is checkpoint;
and determining the structure of the data table at any time point, and constructing the data table structure at any time point according to the database table structure information saved in the snapshot and an incremental DDL (distributed data storage) mode to obtain the data table structure at any time point.
5. The method for restoring the historical table structure according to claim 4, wherein the data table structure at any time point is determined to construct the data table structure at any time point in a manner of adding the incremental DDL to the database table structure information saved in the snapshot; the trace back point is to any time point Tx, and the corresponding table structure is Tx ═ Cm(checkpoint)+ Dn, where Tx is a table structure at any time; cm is the reference table structure generated by periodic checkpoint, Dn, all DDL records generated by the database table since the most recent Cm.
6. A system for restoring a historical table structure is applied to a data synchronization system and is characterized by comprising a module for recording the structure information of a reference database table, a module for recording the change operation information of all database tables and a module for restoring the structure information of a data base table at any time;
the recording reference database table structure information module acquires information of all table structures in a database, wherein the information of all table structures is reference database table structure information;
the database table change operation information recording module is used for recording database table change operation information;
and the structure information module of the point database table at any time restores the structure information of the point database table at any time according to the structure information of the reference database table and the change operation information of the database table.
7. The system for restoring the historical table structure of claim 6, wherein the database table change operation information module comprises an operation statement for changing the database table and a location pos where the operation is in the database log.
8. The system for restoring a history table structure according to claim 1, wherein the module for recording all database table change operation information comprises a capture module, a parsing module and a change operation information module;
the capture module is used for acquiring database table change operation information and recording the information as D1;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the database table change operation information and analyzing the database table change operation information through an SQL analyzer;
the change operation information module is used for applying the database table change operation information and executing DDL operation on the database table change operation information analyzed by the SQL analyzer and the structure information of the reference database table; and outputting the analysis database table.
9. The system for restoring the historical table structure according to claim 1, wherein the module for restoring the database table structure information of the point data at any time comprises a snapshot saving module and a structure determining module;
the snapshot saving module is configured to perform snapshot saving on the output data analysis table, where a storage time point is checkpoint;
the structure determining module is used for determining the structure of the data table at any time point, and constructing the data table structure at any time point according to the database table structure information stored in the snapshot and the incremental DDL mode to obtain the data table structure at any time point.
10. The system for restoring a history table structure according to claim 9, wherein the arbitrary time point data table structure determining module constructs a data table structure at an arbitrary time point in a manner of adding an incremental DDL to database table structure information saved in a snapshot; the trace back point is to any time point Tx, and the corresponding table structure is Tx ═ Cm(checkpoint)+ Dn, where Tx is a table structure at any time; cm is the reference table structure generated by periodic checkpoint, Dn, all DDL records generated by the database table since the most recent Cm.
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