CN113670556A - Tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device - Google Patents
Tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113670556A CN113670556A CN202110888835.5A CN202110888835A CN113670556A CN 113670556 A CN113670556 A CN 113670556A CN 202110888835 A CN202110888835 A CN 202110888835A CN 113670556 A CN113670556 A CN 113670556A
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device, which comprises: a simulation frame; the generator comprises a tornado generator and a downburst generator, the tornado generator and the downburst generator are both arranged on the simulation frame, and the tornado generator and/or the downburst generator can move; the moving mechanism is arranged on the simulation frame and positioned below the generator, and the moving mechanism at least has four degrees of freedom. The method obtains tornadoes and downburst flows with different shapes, moving speeds, moving paths, wider ranges and the like, and simulates true tornadoes and downburst flows which are closer to the nature; the wind field characteristics of an angle and a moving state under the coupling state of tornadoes and downdraught currents can be simulated, and the wind field characteristics are closer to the actual situation; the switching of two simulation experiments of tornado and downburst is realized in a short time, and the time cost and the economic cost for independently carrying out the two simulation experiments are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulation device, in particular to a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device.
Background
The strong convection extreme weather such as tornado has the characteristics of small action range, short duration and high action strength, and is one of the most frequent disasters with the greatest destructive power in natural disasters. Because China is densely populated in the tornado generating area, and the tornado early warning system and the disaster-resistant facility foundation are weak. Therefore, from the indexes of casualties quantity, house damage degree and the like, tornado has great influence on China, and the occurrence frequency tends to increase year by year along with global warming. Downburst is a stream of intense downwash that causes radiant, catastrophic high winds on or near the ground, typically in thunderstorm clouds, which, when radiated towards the ground, can produce destructive and catastrophic high winds with above-ground horizontal wind speeds in excess of 18m/s, and the occurrence of downbursts can have catastrophic effects on navigation and aircraft.
Aiming at the great threat to the life and property safety of people and the social safety and stability caused by the extreme weather of the tornadoes and downburst, the research on the environment of the tornadoes and the downburst and the effect of the environment on the engineering structure is urgently needed. Due to the characteristics of the downburst and strong destructiveness, the tornado has the characteristics of strong burstiness, small horizontal dimension, short duration, high moving speed and the like, so that the field actual measurement research on the characteristics of the natural tornado and downburst wind fields is difficult. Compared with field actual measurement, the experimental simulation research has the advantages of high safety, high repetition rate and the like. And compared with numerical simulation, the reliability is higher. Therefore, the method for generating tornadoes and downburst flows by adopting a physical simulator and researching the wind field characteristics of the tornadoes and the downburst flows is an important means for recognizing and researching the characteristics of the tornadoes and the effect of the characteristics on engineering structures.
At present, for physical experiment simulation of real tornado and downburst under natural conditions, although a simulator appears, the existing simulator has the following problems: (1) the tornado is in a multi-end tornado shape under natural conditions, oblique tornado, oblique downburst and variable-speed random motion tornado and downburst can possibly occur, the moving tracks of the tornado and the downburst are irregular, the moving range is wide, and when an existing simulator is used for simulation experiments, a flat plate can be controlled to be in a horizontal state only, and translation within a two-dimensional limited range is realized in a horizontal plane; (2) when an existing simulator is used for experiments, only the wind field characteristics of a single extreme weather can be simulated, and the wind field characteristics of tornadoes and downburst currents in a coupling state in an actual situation cannot be simulated; (3) the existing simulators can only perform one type of simulation experiment in a short time, and the economic cost of separately constructing the simulators and the time cost spent switching to perform the simulation experiment are high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device, comprising:
a simulation frame;
the generator comprises a tornado generator and a downburst generator, the tornado generator and the downburst generator are both arranged on the simulation frame, and the tornado generator and/or the downburst generator can move;
the moving mechanism is arranged on the simulation frame and positioned below the generator, and the moving mechanism at least has four degrees of freedom.
As a further development of the invention, the downburst generator is located above the tornado generator.
As a further improvement of the invention, the tornado generator is capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a two-dimensional moving device is disposed on the simulation frame, the two-dimensional moving device includes a first Y-axis moving mechanism and a first X-axis moving mechanism disposed on the first Y-axis moving mechanism, and the tornado generator is disposed on the first X-axis moving mechanism.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first X-axis moving mechanism includes two first sliding ways, a first roller assembly moving transversely along the two first sliding ways, and at least one connecting block mounted on the first roller assembly, the first roller assembly includes a supporting member, at least two first rollers mounted at a bottom end of the supporting member, and the at least one connecting block is respectively connected with the supporting member and the tornado generator.
As a further development of the invention, the downburst generator is capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a two-dimensional moving mechanism is disposed on the simulation frame, the two-dimensional moving mechanism includes a second Y-axis moving mechanism and a second X-axis moving mechanism disposed on the second Y-axis moving mechanism, and the downburst generator is disposed on the second X-axis moving mechanism.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the second X-axis moving mechanism includes two second slideways, a second roller assembly moving transversely along the two second slideways, and at least one side plate mounted on the second roller assembly, the second roller assembly includes a support plate, at least two second rollers mounted at the bottom end of the support plate, and the at least one side plate is respectively connected to the support plate and the downburst generator.
As a further development of the invention, the displacement mechanism has six degrees of freedom.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a third X-axis moving mechanism and a moving assembly disposed on the third X-axis moving mechanism, the moving assembly includes four lifting rods and a movable plate disposed on the four lifting rods, and the four lifting rods can move along the Y-axis direction and can lift along the Z-axis direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the moving mechanism provided by the invention has high positioning precision, can realize the irregular motion on a horizontal plane to simulate the irregular motion of tornadoes and downburst under the actual condition, can change the inclination angle of the moving mechanism to form tornadoes and downburst in different forms, can freely set the moving range of the moving mechanism according to the requirement, and can realize the diversification of the moving speed of the moving mechanism and the rotation without limited range of six-dimensional space, so that the tornadoes and the downburst with the characteristics of different forms, moving speeds, moving paths, wider ranges and the like can be obtained, and the true tornadoes and the downburst in the nature can be simulated.
2. The tornado generator and the downburst generator can change the positions of the tornado generator and the downburst generator according to needs through the corresponding two-dimensional moving device and the two-dimensional moving mechanism, so that the two generators can be positioned at a proper distance, and the characteristics of an independent tornado generator wind field, an independent downburst generator wind field and an angle and moving state wind field in a tornado and downburst coupling state can be simulated, thereby being closer to the actual situation.
3. The tornado generator and the downburst generator are arranged on the same simulation frame, so that the economic cost for independently building the two generators is reduced, one simulation experiment can be finished and the other simulation experiment can be carried out immediately, the switching of the two simulation experiments in a short time is realized, and the time cost and the economic cost for independently carrying out the two simulation experiments are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a tornado generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a downburst generator in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 10. the simulation frame comprises a simulation frame, 20, a tornado generator, 201, an inner cylinder, 202, an outer cylinder, 203, an annular channel, 204, a first fan, 205, a first honeycomb device, 206, a guide plate, 30, a downdraft storm flow generator, 301, a gas collection section, 302, a power front section, 303, a fan section, 304, a power rear section, 305, a stable section, 306, a contraction section, 307, a second honeycomb device, 308, a damping net, 40, a moving mechanism, 400, a third X-axis moving mechanism, 402, a lifting rod, 403, a movable plate, 404, a long-strip-shaped hole, 501, a first slide way, 502, a connecting block, 503, a first roller, 504, a supporting rod, 505, a first screw rod mechanism, 506, a first supporting plate, 601, a second slide way, 602, a side plate, 603, a supporting plate, 604, a second roller, 605, a second screw rod mechanism, 606 and a second supporting plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a physical simulation apparatus integrating tornado and downburst includes a simulation frame 10; the generator comprises a tornado generator 20 and a downburst generator 30, the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 are both arranged on the simulation frame 10, and the tornado generator 20 and/or the downburst generator 30 can move; the moving mechanism 40 is arranged on the simulation frame 10 and located below the generator, the moving mechanism 40 has at least four degrees of freedom, and the moving mechanism 40 can translate at least along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction and can rotate around the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction.
In this embodiment, the downburst generator 30 is located above the tornado generator 20, which enables the simulation stand 10 to have a simple structure, easy installation, and reduced cost. Since the wind fields generated by the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 are located below the respective generators, the downburst generator 30 is located diagonally above the tornado generator 20 in order to avoid the influence of the tornado generator 20 itself on the wind field generated by the downburst generator 30 and to avoid the influence of the downburst generator 30 itself on the wind field generated by the tornado generator 20.
In the present embodiment, both the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 are movable, but not limited to this manner, and the tornado generator 20 may be movable while the downburst generator 30 is kept stationary, or the tornado generator 20 may be kept stationary while the downburst generator 30 is movable.
In order to facilitate the movement of the tornado generator 20 toward the downburst generator 30 and to rapidly simulate the wind field characteristics of the coupled state of the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30, it is preferable that the tornado generator 20 be capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
In one embodiment, the simulation frame 10 is provided with a two-dimensional moving device, the two-dimensional moving device includes a first Y-axis moving mechanism, a first X-axis moving mechanism provided on the first Y-axis moving mechanism, and the tornado generator 20 is provided on the first X-axis moving mechanism.
Specifically, the first X-axis moving mechanism includes two first sliding ways 501, a first roller assembly moving transversely along the two first sliding ways 501, and at least one connecting block 502 mounted on the first roller assembly, the first roller assembly includes a support, at least two first rollers 503 mounted at the bottom end of the support, and the at least one connecting block 502 is connected to the support and the tornado generator 20 respectively.
More specifically, the support member includes two support rods 504 arranged side by side, two first rollers 503 are mounted at the bottom end of each support rod 504, and the first rollers 503 move laterally along the first slide 501. More specifically, the connecting block 502 is a hollow square body, the upper end of the connecting block 502 is connected with the bottom end of the supporting rod 504, and the lower end of the connecting block 502 is connected with the tornado generator 20.
In a specific embodiment, the first Y-axis moving mechanism includes at least one first screw mechanism 505, a first support plate 506 mounted on the at least one first screw mechanism 505, and the first slide 501 is mounted on the first support plate 506.
In order to facilitate the movement of the downburst generator 30 toward the tornado generator 20 and to rapidly simulate the wind field characteristics of the coupled state of the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30, the downburst generator 30 can be moved in two dimensions in a horizontal plane.
In one embodiment, the simulation frame 10 is provided with a two-dimensional moving mechanism including a second Y-axis moving mechanism, a second X-axis moving mechanism provided on the second Y-axis moving mechanism, and the downburst generator 30 is provided on the second X-axis moving mechanism.
Specifically, the second X-axis moving mechanism includes two second slide ways 601, a second roller assembly moving laterally along the two second slide ways 601, and at least one side plate 602 mounted on the second roller assembly, the second roller assembly includes a support plate 603 and at least two second rollers 604 mounted at the bottom end of the support plate 603, and the at least one side plate 602 is connected to the support plate 603 and the downburst generator 30, respectively.
In a specific embodiment, the second Y-axis moving mechanism includes at least one second screw mechanism 605, a second support plate 606 mounted on the at least one second screw mechanism 605, and the second slide 601 is mounted on the second support plate 606.
In the present embodiment, the moving mechanism 40 has six degrees of freedom, and is capable of translating in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, and simultaneously rotating around the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. The moving mechanism 40 is not limited to six degrees of freedom, and may have five degrees of freedom, and may translate in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, and simultaneously rotate around the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, or rotate around the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, or rotate around the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
The moving mechanism 40 includes a third X-axis moving mechanism 400 and a moving assembly disposed on the third X-axis moving mechanism 400, the moving assembly includes four lifting rods 402 and a moving plate 403 disposed on the four lifting rods 402, and the four lifting rods 402 can move along the Y-axis direction and can lift along the Z-axis direction. Two rows of four lifting rods 402 are arranged along the X-axis direction, each row includes two lifting rods 402, two elongated holes 404 extending along the Y-axis direction are arranged on the third X-axis moving mechanism 400, and the four lifting rods 402 can move along the elongated holes 404. The lifting rod 402 can be lifted along the Z-axis direction, so as to drive the movable plate 403 to lift. The upper ends of the lifting rods 402 are placed in the movable plate 403, and when the heights of the two lifting rods 402 in one row are different from the heights of the two lifting rods 402 in the other row, the movable plate 403 can rotate around the X axis or the Y axis; when the lifting rod 402 descends and disengages from the movable plate 403, the movable plate 403 is driven to rotate around the Z-axis direction, i.e., rotate in the horizontal plane, by a rotating mechanism (not shown).
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the tornado generator 20 includes an inner cylinder 201, an outer cylinder 202, an annular passage 203, a first fan 204, a first honeycomb device 205, and a flow guide assembly, the annular passage 203 communicates the inner cylinder 201 and the outer cylinder 202, the first fan 204 and the first honeycomb device 205 are installed in the inner cylinder 201, the first fan 204 is located above the first honeycomb device 205, the flow guide assembly is disposed in the annular passage 203, and the flow guide assembly includes a plurality of flow guide plates 206 disposed along the circumferential direction. The first fan 204 generates an upward airflow through the baffle 206 and the outer tub 202, forming a tornado vortex between the moving mechanism 40 and the first honeycomb 205. By changing different control parameters of the tornado generator 20, such as the angle between the guide plate 206 and the horizontal plane and the height between the moving mechanism 40 and the lower surface of the tornado generator 20, tornados with different scales can be obtained, and by changing the rotating speed of the first fan 204, tornados with different speeds and different flow rates can be obtained, so that a tornado field can be regulated and controlled.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the downburst generator 30 includes a second fan (not shown), an air collecting section 301, a power front section 302, a fan section 303, a power rear section 304, a stabilizing section 305, a contracting section 306, a second honeycomb device 307 and a damping net 308, wherein the air collecting section 301, the power front section 302, the fan section 303, the power rear section 304, the stabilizing section 305 and the contracting section 306 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the second honeycomb device 307 and the damping net 308 are arranged in the stabilizing section 305. The second fan realizes different nozzle wind speeds of downdraught through rotating speeds with different frequencies, high-pressure air is released instantly to generate high-speed jet flow, the jet flow is guided and divided by the second honeycomb device 307, so that the attenuation of vortex is accelerated, the airflow passes through the damping net 308 and then generates larger pressure drop in the airflow flowing direction, the axial speed distribution of the airflow is uniform after the airflow passes through the damping net 308, the airflow is uniformly accelerated in the contraction section 306, and finally the airflow flows out from the tail of the contraction section 306, so that high-speed downdraught airflow is formed in a very short time, and actual downdraught with burst property is simulated.
When the characteristic simulation of the tornado wind field is carried out, the moving mechanism 40 moves to the lower part of the tornado generator 20, meanwhile, the downburst generator 30 is moved to keep a proper distance from the tornado generator 20 by a two-dimensional moving mechanism, so that the influence of the downburst generator 30 on the wind field generated by the tornado generator 20 is avoided, by changing the parameters of the angle of the guide plate, the wind speed and the like, tornadoes with different scales are formed, the scale of a certain tornado is determined, the moving mechanism 40 is controlled, by changing the angle between the moving mechanism 40 and the horizontal plane, tornadoes with different forms are formed, after a certain angle is determined, starting the tornado generator 20, giving a route after the tornado is stably formed, such as along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction, so that the moving mechanism 40 moves at different speeds on the route, and measuring the wind field characteristic of the tornado by adopting a wind speed probe; and then changing the scale of the tornado, repeating the operation after the tornado is stable, and detecting and recording related analog data.
In the downburst wind field characteristic simulation, the moving mechanism 40 is moved to below the downburst generator 30, meanwhile, the tornado generator 20 is moved to keep a proper distance from the downburst generator 30 through a two-dimensional moving device, so that the influence of the tornado generator 20 on the wind field generated by the downburst generator 30 is avoided, by varying parameters such as wind speed, downburst of different scales is formed, the scale of a downburst is determined, the moving mechanism 40 is controlled, by changing the angle between the moving mechanism 40 and the horizontal plane, downburst flows of different forms are formed, and after a certain angle is determined, starting the downburst generator 30, and after the downburst is stably formed, giving a route, such as along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction, so that the moving mechanism 40 moves on the route at different speeds, and measuring the wind field characteristics of the downburst by using a wind speed probe; and then changing the scale of the downburst, repeating the operation after the downburst is stable, and detecting and recording related simulation data.
Performing combined simulation: the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 are driven to be located at a proper distance through the cooperation of the two-dimensional moving device and the two-dimensional moving mechanism, the scale of tornado is regulated and controlled through the angle of the guide plate 206 and the rotating speed of the first fan 204, the scale of downburst is regulated and controlled through the rotating speed of the second fan, tornado and downburst in different forms are formed by changing the inclination angle of the moving mechanism 40, the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 are opened at the same time, the moving mechanism 40 moves at different speeds on a set route, such as along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction, and the wind field characteristic in a coupling state is simulated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device is characterized by comprising:
a simulation frame;
the generator comprises a tornado generator and a downburst generator, the tornado generator and the downburst generator are both arranged on the simulation frame, and the tornado generator and/or the downburst generator can move;
the moving mechanism is arranged on the simulation frame and positioned below the generator, and the moving mechanism at least has four degrees of freedom.
2. The integrated physical simulation of tornado and downburst of claim 1, wherein said downburst generator is located above said tornado generator.
3. A tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the tornado generator is capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
4. The integrated physical simulation device of claim 3, wherein the simulation frame is provided with a two-dimensional moving device, the two-dimensional moving device comprises a first Y-axis moving mechanism and a first X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the first Y-axis moving mechanism, and the tornado generator is arranged on the first X-axis moving mechanism.
5. The integrated physical simulation device of claim 4, wherein the first X-axis moving mechanism comprises two first slideways, a first roller assembly moving transversely along the two first slideways, and at least one connecting block mounted on the first roller assembly, the first roller assembly comprises a support member, at least two first rollers mounted at the bottom end of the support member, and the at least one connecting block is respectively connected with the support member and the tornado generator.
6. The integrated physical simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the downburst generator is capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
7. The integrated physical simulation device for tornado and downburst according to claim 6, wherein the simulation frame is provided with a two-dimensional moving mechanism, the two-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a second Y-axis moving mechanism and a second X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the second Y-axis moving mechanism, and the downburst generator is arranged on the second X-axis moving mechanism.
8. The integrated physical simulation device for tornado and downburst according to claim 1, wherein the second X-axis moving mechanism comprises two second slideways, a second roller assembly moving transversely along the two second slideways, and at least one side plate mounted on the second roller assembly, the second roller assembly comprises a support plate, at least two second rollers mounted at the bottom end of the support plate, and the at least one side plate is connected to the support plate and the downburst generator respectively.
9. The integrated tornado and downburst physical simulation device of claim 1, wherein the locomotion mechanism has six degrees of freedom.
10. The integrated physical simulation device for tornado and downburst according to claim 9, wherein the moving mechanism comprises a third X-axis moving mechanism, and a moving assembly disposed on the third X-axis moving mechanism, the moving assembly comprises four lifting rods and a moving plate disposed on the four lifting rods, and the four lifting rods can move along the Y-axis direction and can lift along the Z-axis direction.
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| CN114705390A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Test device for simulating low-altitude wind shear in airplane lifting process |
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